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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 28, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP), and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. As further discussed below in this Note 2 to these consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (ASU 2016-02) effective December 30, 2018. Fiscal Periods The Company follows a conventional 52/53 week fiscal year. Under a conventional 52/53 week fiscal year, a 52 week fiscal year includes four quarters of 13 fiscal weeks while a 53 week fiscal year includes three 13 fiscal week quarters and one 14 fiscal week quarter. The Company’s last 53 week fiscal year was fiscal year 2014. Fiscal year 2019 is a 52 week fiscal year. All references to years in these notes to consolidated financial statements are fiscal years unless otherwise noted. Use of Estimates The Company prepares its financial statements in conformity with GAAP, which requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates include the determination of standalone selling prices, variable consideration and how total consideration should be allocated to each performance obligation within a contract, inventory valuation, valuation of the Company’s equity awards, deferred taxes and any associated valuation allowances, deferred revenue, uncertain income tax positions, and litigation costs and related accruals. Actual results could differ from such estimates. ___________________________ (1) The use of the trademark Patient SafetyNet™ is under license from the University HealthSystem Consortium. Reclassifications Certain amounts in the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation, including previously reported selling, general and administrative expenses that have been reclassified as research and development expenses within the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 29, 2018 and December 30, 2017. Fair Value Measurements Authoritative guidance describes a fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value:
• | Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
• | Level 2 - Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
• | Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Pursuant to current authoritative guidance, entities are allowed an irrevocable option to elect the fair value for the initial and subsequent measurement for specified financial assets and liabilities on a contract-by-contract basis. The Company did not elect to apply the fair value option under this guidance to specific assets or liabilities on a contract-by contract basis. There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 inputs during the years ended December 28, 2019 or December 29, 2018. The Company carries cash and cash equivalents, as well as certificates of deposit with maturities of one year or less, at cost, which approximates fair value. The following tables represent the Company’s financial assets (in thousands), measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 28, 2019:
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Reported as
| Adjusted Basis Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized (Losses) |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Cash and Cash Equivalents |  | Short-Term Investments
Cash | $ | 567,687 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 567,687 |  |  | $ | 567,687 |  |  | $ | — |
Level 1: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Certificates of deposit | 120,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 120,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 120,000 |
Subtotal | 120,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 120,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 120,000 |
Level 2: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
None | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Level 3: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
None | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total assets measured at fair value | $ | 687,687 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 687,687 |  |  | $ | 567,687 |  |  | $ | 120,000 |
As of December 29, 2018, the Company had an insignificant amount of other financial assets that were required to be measured under the fair value hierarchy, the measurement of which were based on Level 1 inputs. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity from date of purchase of three months or less, or highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash, to be cash equivalents. Short-Term Investments The Company classifies its investments in certificates of deposits maturing in one year or less that do not constitute cash equivalents on the date of the original investment as short-term investments. The carrying value of such investments approximates fair value and are accessible without any significant restrictions, taxes, or penalties. As of December 28, 2019, the Company had total investments in certificates of deposit of $120.0 million with maturities ranging from two months to ten months. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Accounts receivable consist of trade receivables recorded at the time of invoicing of product sales, reduced by reserves for estimated bad debts and returns. Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition. Collateral is generally not required. The allowance for doubtful accounts is determined based on historical write-off experience, current customer information and other relevant factors, including specific identification of past due accounts, based on the age of the receivable in excess of the contemplated or contractual due date. Accounts are charged off against the allowance when the Company believes they are uncollectible. Inventory Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using a standard cost method, which approximates the first in, first out method, and includes material, labor and overhead costs. Inventory valuation adjustments are recorded for inventory items that have become excess or obsolete or are no longer used in current production and for inventory items that have a market price less than carrying value in inventory. The Company generally determines inventory valuation adjustments based on an evaluation of the expected future use of its inventory on an item by item basis and applies historical obsolescence rates to estimate the loss on inventory expected to have a recovery value below cost. The Company also records other specific inventory valuation adjustments when it becomes aware of unique events or circumstances that result in an expected recovery value below cost. For inventory items that have been written down, the reduced value becomes the new cost basis. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives as follows:
| Useful Lives
Aircraft and components | 4 to 20 years
Buildings | 39 years
Building improvements | 7 to 15 years
Computer equipment | 2 to 6 years
Demonstration units | 3 years
Furniture and office equipment | 2 to 6 years
Leasehold improvements | Lesser of useful life or term of lease
Machinery and equipment | 5 to 10 years
Tooling | 3 years
Vehicles | 5 years
Land is not depreciated and construction in progress is not depreciated until placed in service. Normal repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred, whereas significant improvements that materially increase values or extend useful lives are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining estimated useful lives of the related assets. Upon sale or retirement of depreciable assets, the related cost and accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss on the sale or retirement is recognized in income. Lessee Right-of-Use (ROU) Assets and Lease Liabilities As further discussed below within this Note 2 to these consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted ASC 842 effective December 30, 2018. The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at inception. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an asset underlying an operating lease for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from an operating lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company generally estimates the applicable discount rate used to determine the net present value of lease payments based on available information at the lease commencement date. Many of the Company’s lessee agreements include options to extend the lease, which the Company does not include in its lease terms unless they are reasonably certain to be exercised. The Company utilizes a portfolio approach to account for the ROU assets and liabilities associated with certain equipment leases. The Company has also made an accounting policy election not to separate lease and non-lease components for its real estate leases and to exclude short-term leases with a term of twelve months or less from its application of ASC 842. Rental expense for lease payments related to operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Intangible Assets Intangible assets consist primarily of patents, trademarks, software development costs, customer relationships and acquired technology. Costs related to patents and trademarks, which include legal and application fees, are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful lives using the straight-line method. Patent and trademark amortization commences once final approval of the patent or trademark has been obtained. Patent costs are amortized over the lesser of 10 years or the patent’s remaining legal life, which assumes renewals, and trademark costs are amortized over 17 years, and their associated amortization cost is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. For intangibles purchased in an asset acquisition or business combination, which mainly include patents, trademarks, customer relationships and acquired technology, the useful life is determined in the same manner as noted above. The Company’s policy is to renew its patents and trademarks. Costs to renew patents and trademarks are capitalized and amortized over the remaining useful life of the intangible asset. The Company continually evaluates the amortization period and carrying basis of patents and trademarks to determine whether any events or circumstances warrant a revised estimated useful life or reduction in value. Capitalized application costs are charged to operations when it is determined that the patent or trademark will not be obtained or is abandoned. Impairment of Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Other Long-Lived Assets Goodwill is recorded as the difference, if any, between the aggregate consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair value of the acquired net tangible and intangible assets. Goodwill is not amortized, but instead is tested annually for impairment, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. In assessing goodwill impairment, the Company has the option to first assess the qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The Company’s qualitative assessment of the recoverability of goodwill considers various macroeconomic, industry-specific and Company-specific factors, including: (i) severe adverse industry or economic trends; (ii) significant Company-specific actions; (iii) current, historical or projected deterioration of the Company’s financial performance; or (iv) a sustained decrease in the Company’s market capitalization below its net book value. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company determines it is unlikely that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then a quantitative analysis is unnecessary. However, if the Company concludes otherwise, or if the Company elects to bypass the qualitative analysis, then the Company must perform a quantitative analysis that compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered impaired; otherwise, a goodwill impairment loss is recognized for the lesser of: (a) the amount that the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value; or (b) the amount of the goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The annual impairment test is performed during the fourth fiscal quarter. The Company reviews long-lived assets and identifiable intangibles for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted operating cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method, under which the Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and for net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Tax positions that meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are recognized in the first reporting period that it becomes more-likely-than-not such tax position will be sustained upon examination. A tax position that meets this more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is recorded at the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Previously recognized income tax positions that fail to meet the recognition threshold in a subsequent period are derecognized in that period. Differences between actual results and the Company’s assumptions, or changes in the Company’s assumptions in future periods, are recorded in the period they become known. The Company records potential accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. As a multinational corporation, the Company is subject to complex tax laws and regulations in various jurisdictions. The application of tax laws and regulations is subject to legal and factual interpretation, judgment and uncertainty. Tax laws themselves are subject to change as a result of changes in fiscal policy, changes in legislation, evolution of regulations and court rulings. Therefore, the actual liability for U.S. or foreign taxes may be materially different from the Company’s estimates, which could result in the need to record additional liabilities or potentially to reverse previously recorded tax liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded against any deferred tax assets when, in the judgment of management, it is more likely than not that all or part of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considers all positive and negative evidence, including recent financial performance, scheduled reversals of temporary differences, projected future taxable income, availability of taxable income in carryback periods and tax planning strategies. Revenue Recognition, Deferred Revenue and Other Contract Liabilities The Company derives the majority of its product revenue from four primary sources: (i) direct sales under deferred equipment agreements with end-user hospitals where the Company provides up-front monitoring equipment at no up-front charge in exchange for a multi-year sensor purchase commitment; (ii) other direct sales of noninvasive monitoring solutions to end-user hospitals, emergency medical response organizations and other direct customers; (iii) sales of noninvasive monitoring solutions to distributors who then typically resell to end-user hospitals, emergency medical response organizations and other customers; and (iv) sales of integrated circuit boards to OEM customers who incorporate the Company’s embedded software technology into their multiparameter monitoring devices. Subject to customer credit considerations, the majority of such sales are made on open account using industry standard payment terms based on the geography within which the specific customer is located. The Company generally recognizes revenue following a single, principles-based five-step model to be applied to all contracts with customers and generally provides for the recognition of revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled, net of allowances for estimated returns, discounts or sales incentives, as well as taxes collected from customers that are remitted to government authorities, when control over the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer. Revenue related to equipment supplied under sales-type lease arrangements is recognized once control over the equipment is transferred to the customer, while revenue related to equipment supplied under operating-type lease arrangements is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. While the majority of the Company’s revenue contracts and transactions contain standard business terms and conditions, there are some transactions that contain non-standard business terms and conditions. As a result, contract interpretation, judgment and analysis is required to determine the appropriate accounting, including: (i) the amount of the total consideration, including variable consideration, (ii) whether the arrangement contains an embedded lease, and if so, whether such embedded lease is a sales-type lease or an operating lease, (iii) the identification of the distinct performance obligations contained within the arrangement, (iv) how the arrangement consideration should be allocated to each performance obligation when multiple performance obligations exist, including the determination of standalone selling price, and (v) when to recognize revenue on the performance obligations. Changes in judgments on these assumptions and estimates could materially impact the timing of revenue recognition. The Company enters into agreements to sell its monitoring solutions and services, sometimes as a part of arrangements with multiple performance obligations that include various combinations of product sales, equipment leases and services. In the case of contracts with multiple performance obligations, the authoritative guidance provides that the total consideration be allocated to each performance obligation on the basis of relative standalone selling prices. When a standalone selling price is not readily observable, the Company estimates the standalone selling price by considering multiple factors including, but not limited to, features and functionality of the product, geographies, type of customer, contractual prices pursuant to Group Purchasing Organization (GPO) contracts, the Company’s pricing and discount practices, and other market conditions. Sales under deferred equipment agreements are generally structured such that the Company agrees to provide certain monitoring-related equipment, software, installation, training and/or warranty support at no up-front charge in exchange for the customer’s commitment to purchase sensors over the term of the agreement, which generally ranges from three years to six years. The Company allocates contract consideration under deferred equipment agreements containing fixed annual sensor purchase commitments to the underlying lease and non-lease components at contract inception. In determining whether any underlying lease components are related to a sales-type lease or an operating lease, the Company evaluates the customer’s rights and ability to control the use of the underlying equipment throughout the contract term, including any equipment substitution rights retained by the Company, as well as the Company’s expectations surrounding potential contract/lease extensions or renewals and the customer’s likelihood to exercise any purchase options. Revenue allocable to non-lease performance obligations is generally recognized as such non-lease performance obligations are satisfied. Revenue allocable to lease components under sales-type lease arrangements is generally recognized when control over the equipment is transferred to the customer. Revenue allocable to lease components under operating lease arrangements is generally recognized over the term of the operating lease. The Company generally does not expect to derive any significant value in excess of such asset’s unamortized book value from equipment underlying its operating lease arrangements after the end of the agreement. Revenue from the sale of products to end-user hospitals, emergency medical response organizations, other direct customers, distributors and OEM customers, is recognized by the Company when control of such products transfer to the customer based upon the terms of the contract or underlying purchase order. Revenue related to OEM rainbow® parameter software licenses is recognized by the Company upon the OEM’s shipment of its product to its customer, as reported to the Company by the OEM. The Company provides certain customers with various sales incentives that may take the form of discounts or rebates. The Company records estimates related to these programs as a reduction to revenue at the time of sale. In general, customers do not have a right of return for credit or refund. However, the Company allows returns under certain circumstances. At the end of each period, the Company estimates and accrues for these returns as a reduction to revenue. The Company estimates the revenue constraints related to these forms of variable consideration based on various factors, including expected purchasing volumes, prior sales and returns history, and specific contractual terms and limitations. The majority of the Company’s royalty and other revenue arose from one agreement that was due and payable quarterly in arrears. An estimate of these royalty revenues was recorded in the period earned based on historical results, adjusted for any new information or trends known to management at the time of estimation. This estimated revenue was adjusted prospectively when the Company received the underlying royalty report, approximately sixty days after the end of the previous quarter. The Company received its final royalty payment from this agreement during the three months ended March 30, 2019. For the years ended December 28, 2019, December 29, 2018 and December 30, 2017, the Company recognized royalty revenue pursuant to this agreement of approximately $0.7 million, $26.4 million and $32.8 million, respectively. Shipping and Handling Costs and Fees All shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred and are recorded as a component of cost of goods sold in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Charges for shipping and handling billed to customers are included as a component of product revenue. Taxes Collected From Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities The Company’s policy is to present revenue net of taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities. Deferred Costs and Other Contract Assets The costs of monitoring-related equipment provided to customers under operating lease arrangements within the Company’s deferred equipment agreements are generally deferred and amortized to cost of goods sold over the life of the underlying contracts. Some of the Company’s deferred equipment agreements also contain provisions for certain allowances to be made directly to the end-user hospital customer at the inception of the arrangement. These allowances are generally allocated to the lease and non-lease components and recognized as a reduction to revenue as the underlying performance obligations are satisfied. The Company generally invoices its customers under deferred equipment agreements as sensors are provided to the customer. However, the Company may recognize revenue for certain non-lease performance obligations under deferred equipment agreements with fixed annual commitments at the time such performance obligations are satisfied and prior to the customer being invoiced. When this occurs, the Company records an unbilled contract receivable related to such revenue until the customer has been invoiced pursuant to the terms of the underlying deferred equipment agreement. The incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are capitalized and deferred if the Company expects such costs to be recoverable over the life of the contract and the contract term is greater than one year. Such deferred costs generally relate to certain incentive sales commissions earned by the Company’s internal sales team in connection with the execution of deferred equipment agreements and are amortized to expense over the expected term of the underlying contract. Product Warranty The Company generally provides a warranty against defects in material and workmanship for a period ranging from six months to forty-eight months, depending on the product type. In traditional sales activities, including direct and OEM sales, the Company establishes an accrued liability for the estimated warranty costs at the time of revenue recognition, with a corresponding provision to cost of goods sold. Customers may also purchase extended warranty coverage or service level upgrades separately or as part of a deferred equipment agreement. Revenue related to extended warranty coverage and service level upgrades is generally recognized over the extended life of the contract, which reasonably approximates the period over which such services will be provided. The related extended warranty and service level upgrade costs are expensed as incurred. Changes in the product warranty accrual were as follows (in thousands):
| Year Ended
| December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018 |  | December 30, 2017
Warranty accrual, beginning of period | $ | 1,910 |  |  | $ | 1,149 |  |  | $ | 910 |
Accrual for warranties issued | 1,715 |  |  | 1,549 |  |  | 1,061 |
Changes in pre-existing warranties (including changes in estimates)(1) | 1,130 |  |  | 551 |  |  | 332 |
Settlements made | (1,360 | ) |  | (1,339 | ) |  | (1,154 | )
Warranty accrual, end of period | $ | 3,395 |  |  | $ | 1,910 |  |  | $ | 1,149 |
______________
(1) | In connection with its adoption of ASC 842 on December 30, 2018, the Company recorded an adjustment to pre-existing warranties of $2.5 million related to equipment previously capitalized under its deferred equipment agreements where the embedded leases were treated as operating leases under prior guidance. See “Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements” in Note 2 to these consolidated financial statements for additional information related to the Company’s adoption of ASC 842.
Advertising Costs Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. These costs are included in selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Advertising costs for the years ended December 28, 2019, December 29, 2018 and December 30, 2017 were $14.0 million, $17.9 million and $17.8 million, respectively. Research and Development Costs related to research and development activities are expensed as incurred. These costs include personnel costs, materials, depreciation and amortization on associated tangible and intangible assets and an allocation of facility costs, all of which are directly related to research and development activities. Litigation Costs and Contingencies The Company records a charge equal to at least the minimum estimated liability for a loss contingency or litigation settlement when both of the following conditions are met: (i) information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that it is probable that a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements, and (ii) the range of loss can be reasonably estimated. The determination of whether a loss contingency or litigation settlement is probable or reasonably possible involves a significant amount of management judgment, as does the estimation of the range of loss given the nature of contingencies. Liabilities related to litigation settlements with multiple elements are recorded based on the fair value of each element. Legal and other litigation related expenses are recognized as the services are provided. The Company records insurance and other indemnity recoveries for litigation expenses when both of the following conditions are met: (a) the recovery is probable, and (b) collectability is reasonably assured. Insurance recoveries are only recorded to the extent the litigation costs to which they relate have been incurred and recognized in the financial statements. Foreign Currency Translation The Company’s international headquarters is in Switzerland, and its functional currency is the U.S. Dollar. The Company has many other foreign subsidiaries, the largest of which are located in Japan and Europe. The functional currencies of these subsidiaries are the Japanese Yen and Euro, respectively. The Company records certain revenues and expenses in foreign currencies. These revenues and expenses are translated into U.S. Dollars based on the average exchange rate for the reporting period. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. Dollars at the exchange rate in effect as of the balance sheet date. Translation gains and losses related to foreign currency assets and liabilities of a subsidiary that are denominated in the functional currency of such subsidiary are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Realized and unrealized foreign currency gains and losses related to foreign currency assets and liabilities of the Company or a subsidiary that are not denominated in the underlying functional currency are included as a component of non-operating (income) expense within the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Comprehensive Income Comprehensive income includes foreign currency translation adjustments and any related tax benefits that have been excluded from net income and reflected in stockholders’ equity. Net Income Per Share The computation of basic and diluted net income per share is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):
| Year Ended
| December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018 |  | December 30, 2017
Net income | $ | 196,216 |  |  | $ | 193,543 |  |  | $ | 124,789 |
Basic net income per share: |  |  |  |  |
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic | 53,434 |  |  | 52,296 |  |  | 51,516 |
Net income per basic share | $ | 3.67 |  |  | $ | 3.70 |  |  | $ | 2.42 |
Diluted net income per share: |  |  |  |  |
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic | 53,434 |  |  | 52,296 |  |  | 51,516 |
Diluted share equivalents: stock options and RSUs | 3,666 |  |  | 3,743 |  |  | 4,358 |
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted | 57,100 |  |  | 56,039 |  |  | 55,874 |
Net income per diluted share | $ | 3.44 |  |  | $ | 3.45 |  |  | $ | 2.23 |
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period. Net income per diluted share is computed by dividing the net income by the weighted-average number of shares and potential shares outstanding during the period, if the effect of potential shares is dilutive. Potential shares include incremental shares of stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options and the vesting of both restricted share units (RSUs) and performance stock units (PSUs). For the years ended December 28, 2019, December 29, 2018 and December 30, 2017, weighted options to purchase 0.4 million, 1.1 million and 0.4 million shares of common stock, respectively, were outstanding, but not included in the computation of diluted net income per share because the effect of including such shares would have been antidilutive in the applicable period. For each of the years ended December 28, 2019, December 29, 2018 and December 30, 2017, certain RSUs were considered contingently issuable shares as their vesting is contingent upon the occurrence of certain future events. Since such events had not occurred and were not considered probable of occurring as of December 28, 2019, December 29, 2018 and December 30, 2017, 2.7 million of weighted average shares related to such RSUs have been excluded from the calculation of potential shares. For additional information with respect to these RSUs, please see “Employment and Severance Agreements” in Note 21 to these consolidated financial statements. Supplemental Cash Flow Information Supplemental cash flow information includes the following (in thousands):
| Year Ended
| December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018 |  | December 30, 2017
Cash paid during the year for: |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense | $ | 211 |  |  | $ | 193 |  |  | $ | 551 |
Income taxes | 42,270 |  |  | 36,589 |  |  | 91,061 |
Operating lease liabilities | 6,676 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-cash operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities(1) | $ | 26,484 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Non-cash investing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Unpaid purchases of property, plant and equipment | $ | 6,686 |  |  | $ | 2,391 |  |  | $ | 1,559 |
Non-cash financing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Unsettled common stock proceeds from option exercises | $ | 14 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 161 |
Unsettled common stock repurchases | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,988 |
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash: |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 567,687 |  |  | $ | 552,490 |  |  | $ | 315,302 |
Restricted cash | 388 |  |  | 151 |  |  | 181 |
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows | $ | 568,075 |  |  | $ | 552,641 |  |  | $ | 315,483 |
______________
(1) | In connection with its adoption of ASC 842 on December 30, 2018, the Company recorded a lessee operating lease ROU asset of $22.5 million. See “Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements” in Note 2 to these consolidated financial statements for additional information related to the Company’s adoption of ASC 842.
Segment Information The Company uses the “management approach” in determining reportable business segments. The management approach designates the internal organization used by management for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Company’s reportable segments. Based on this assessment, management has determined it operates in one reportable business segment, which is comprised of patient monitoring and related products. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In July 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2019-07, Codification Updates to SEC Sections - Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Final Rule Releases No. 33-10532, Disclosure Update and Simplification, and Nos. 33-10231 and 33-10442, Investment Company Reporting Modernization, and Miscellaneous Updates (ASU 2019-07). The new standard aligns the guidance in various sections of the codification with the requirements of certain already effective SEC final rules. ASU 2019-07 is effective immediately and was adopted upon issuance. The Company’s adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles–Goodwill and Other–Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract (ASU 2018-15). The new standard aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). ASU 2018-15 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company early adopted this standard during the three months ended September 28, 2019, and such adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (ASU 2018-13). The new standard adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements including when entities will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, but will need to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company early adopted this standard during the three months ended September 28, 2019, and such adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-09, Codification Improvements (ASU 2018-09). This new standard amends, clarifies, corrects errors in and makes minor improvements to the ASC. The transition and effective date guidance is based on the facts and circumstances of each amendment. Some of the amendments of ASU 2018-09 do not require transition guidance and are effective upon issuance. The Company completed its adoption of all applicable items contained in ASU 2018-09 as of September 28, 2019, and such adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (ASU 2018-02). The new standard allows a reclassification for certain stranded tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings, and requires certain disclosures about stranded tax effects. ASU 2018-02 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company adopted this standard during the three months ended March 30, 2019, and such adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (ASU 2016-02). Subsequent to the issuance of ASU 2016-02, the FASB clarified the guidance through several ASUs. The collective guidance was codified by the FASB in ASC 842, which, among other things (i) requires the Company to recognize an ROU asset and a lease liability for all operating leases for which the Company is the lessee; (ii) changes the classification of certain embedded leases within the Company’s deferred equipment agreements with its customers from operating to sales-type leases, resulting in the acceleration of revenue under certain contracts, as well as the immediate expensing of certain costs that were previously deferred and expensed over the term of the lease; and (iii) requires disclosures by the Company as a lessor and lessee about the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from its leases. On December 30, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective method for all lease arrangements at the beginning of the period of adoption. Results for reporting periods beginning December 30, 2018 are presented under ASC 842, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under ASC 840, Leases. Adoption of this new accounting standard had a material impact on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet upon adoption, but did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated net earnings and cash flows for the year ended December 28, 2019. For leases that commenced before the effective date of ASC 842, the Company did not elect any of the permitted practical expedients. However, the Company utilized a portfolio approach for purposes of determining the discount rate associated with certain equipment leases and made certain accounting policy elections not to separate lease and non-lease components for its real estate leases and to exclude short-term leases with a term of twelve months or less from its application of ASC 842. In connection with its adoption of ASC 842, the Company recorded lessee operating lease ROU assets and lessee operating lease liabilities of $22.5 million as of December 30, 2018, primarily related to real estate and equipment leases, based on the present value of the future lease payments on such date. As a lessor, the Company also recorded customer lease receivables of $62.0 million, a reduction to equipment leased to customers (formerly titled deferred cost of goods sold) of $103.5 million, an increase to deferred tax assets of $8.6 million, a decrease to deferred revenue and contract-related liabilities of $9.1 million, an increase in other current liabilities of $3.0 million and a cumulative net decrease to retained earnings of $26.8 million, all related to the reclassification of certain embedded leases in existing deferred equipment agreements from operating to sales-type leases as of December 30, 2018. See Notes 6, 7 and 9 to these consolidated financial statements for additional disclosures required by ASC 842. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (ASU 2019-12). The new standard simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing exceptions to the incremental approach for intraperiod tax allocation when there is a loss from continuing operations and income or a gain from other items, to the requirement to recognize a deferred tax liability for equity method investments when a foreign subsidiary becomes an equity method investment, to the ability not to recognize a deferred tax liability for a foreign subsidiary when a foreign equity method investment becomes a subsidiary, and to the general methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year. In addition, the standard requires that an entity recognize a franchise tax that is partially based on income as an income-based tax and account for any incremental amount incurred as a non-income-based tax, evaluate when a step up in the tax basis of goodwill should be considered part of the business combination in which the book goodwill was originally recognized and when it should be considered a separate transaction, reflect the effect of an enacted change in tax laws or rates in the annual effective tax rate computation in the interim period that includes the enactment date, and specifying that an entity is not required to allocate the consolidated amount of current and deferred tax expense to a legal entity that is not subject to tax in its separate financial statements, however, an entity may elect to do so (on an entity-by-entity basis) for a legal entity that is both not subject to tax and disregarded by the taxing authority. ASU 2019-12 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is currently evaluating the expected impact of this standard, but does not expect it to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements upon adoption. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASU 2016-13). Subsequent to the issuance of ASU 2016-13, the FASB clarified the guidance through several ASUs. The collective new guidance (ASC 326) generally requires entities to use a current expected credit loss model, which is a new impairment model based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. Under this model, an entity would recognize an impairment allowance equal to its current estimate of all contractual cash flows that the entity does not expect to collect. The entity’s estimate would consider relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. ASC 326 is effective for annual and interim fiscal reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is continuing to evaluate the expected impact of ASC 326 but does not expect it to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

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