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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 28, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP), and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned or controlled subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Fiscal Periods The Company follows a conventional 52/53 week fiscal year. Under a conventional 52/53 week fiscal year, a 52 week fiscal year includes four quarters of 13 weeks while a 53 week fiscal year includes three 13 week fiscal quarters and one 14 week fiscal quarter. The Company’s last 53 week fiscal year was fiscal year 2020. Fiscal year 2024 was a 52 week fiscal year ended December 28, 2024. The Company’s next 53 week year will be fiscal year 2025. All references to years in these notes to consolidated financial statements are fiscal years unless otherwise noted. Reclassifications Certain amounts in the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation, including certain balance sheet asset accounts in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 30, 2023. There was no impact on previously reported total assets, liabilities, stockholders’ equity or net income. Use of Estimates The Company prepares its financial statements in conformity with GAAP, which requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates include the determination of standalone selling prices, variable consideration, total consideration allocated to each performance obligation within a contract, inventory valuation, valuation of the Company’s equity awards, valuation of identifiable assets and liabilities connected with business combinations, impairment of long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill; derivative and equity instruments, deferred taxes and any associated valuation allowances, deferred revenue, accounting for pensions, uncertain income tax positions, litigation costs, and related accruals. See Note 24, “Commitments and Contingencies” for further details. Actual results could differ from such estimates. Business Combinations The Company accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 805, Business Combinations, which requires that once control is obtained, assets acquired, liabilities assumed and noncontrolling interests in the acquired entity, if applicable, are recorded at their respective fair values at the date of acquisition, with the exception of acquired contract assets and contract liabilities (i.e., deferred revenue) from contracts with customers. These are recognized and measured in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The excess of the purchase price over fair values of identifiable assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interests in the acquired entity, if applicable, is recorded as goodwill. Fair Value Measurements The Company accounts for certain financial instruments at their fair values as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet. The Company determines the fair value of its financial instruments using the framework prescribed by ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, and considers the estimated amount the Company would receive or pay to transfer these instruments at the reporting date with respect to current currency exchange rates, interest rates, the creditworthiness of the counterparty for unrealized gain positions and the Company’s creditworthiness for unrealized loss positions. In certain instances, the Company may utilize financial models to measure the fair value of its financial instruments. In doing so, the Company uses inputs that include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, other observable inputs for the asset or liability and inputs derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data by correlation or other means. Recurring Fair Value Measurement On a recurring basis, the Company measures certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value based upon quoted market prices. Where quoted market prices or other observable inputs are not available, the Company applies valuation techniques to estimate fair value. Authoritative guidance describes a fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value: ● Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. ● Level 2—Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. ● Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. The following tables represent the Company’s financial assets, measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 28, 2024:
|  |  | Fair Value Measurement Hierarchy
(in millions) | Total Carrying Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 101.0 |  |  | $ | 101.0 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Money market funds | 76.6 |  |  | 76.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Pension assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | (1.3) |  | (1) | (1.3) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Equity securities | 9.3 |  |  | 9.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Debt securities | 9.6 |  |  | 9.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate funds | 3.6 |  |  | — |  |  | 3.6 |  |  | — |
Alternative investments | 1.4 |  |  | — |  |  | 1.4 |  |  | — |
Other | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |
Equity securities | 1.3 |  |  | 1.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Derivative instruments - cash flow hedges(2) | 6.8 |  |  | 6.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Derivative instruments - warrants | 0.7 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total assets | $ | 209.2 |  |  | $ | 204.0 |  |  | $ | 5.2 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative instruments - cash flow hedge | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Pension benefit obligation | 31.8 |  |  | 31.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total liabilities | $ | 31.9 |  |  | $ | 31.9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
______________ (1) Due to the timing of a cash transfer, there was a payable as of December 28, 2024, resulting in a negative allocation as of year end. (2) Includes accrued interest. The following tables represent the Company’s financial assets, measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 30, 2023:
|  |  | Fair Value Measurement Hierarchy
(in millions) | Total Carrying Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 87.0 |  |  | $ | 87.0 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Money market funds | 76.0 |  |  | 76.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Pension assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | (1.2) |  | (1) | (1.2) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Equity securities | 8.1 |  |  | 8.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Debt securities | 10.7 |  |  | 9.9 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | — |
Real estate funds | 3.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 3.1 |  |  | — |
Alternative investments | 1.9 |  |  | — |  |  | 1.9 |  |  | — |
Other | 0.5 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | — |
Equity securities | 1.7 |  |  | 1.7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Derivative instruments - cash flow hedges | 11.6 |  |  | 11.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Derivative instruments - warrants | 1.0 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total assets | $ | 200.4 |  |  | $ | 194.1 |  |  | $ | 6.3 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative instruments - cash flow hedge(2) | $ | 3.6 |  |  | $ | 3.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Pension benefit obligation | 32.6 |  |  | 32.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total liabilities | $ | 36.2 |  |  | $ | 36.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
______________ (1) Due to the timing of a cash transfer, there was a payable as of December 30, 2023, resulting in a negative allocation as of year end. (2) Includes accrued interest. The Company invests in checking, savings and money market fund accounts, which are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy as they are valued using quoted market prices. These investments are classified as cash and cash equivalents within the Company’s accompanying consolidated balance sheets, in accordance with GAAP and its accounting policies. The Company’s marketable equity securities, whose price is based on quoted market price in an active market, are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Equity securities are classified as current, short-term investments, or non-current, recorded in other non-current assets, based on the nature of the securities and their availability for use in current operations. The changes in the fair value of those equity securities are measured at each reporting date and changes in the value of these investments between reporting dates are recorded within non-operating income (loss). The Company’s pension assets consist of Level 1 and Level 2 investments. The fair values of Level 2 assets are based on observable inputs such as prices or quotes for similar assets, adjusted for any differences in terms or conditions that may affect the value of the instrument being valued. The valuation techniques used for Level 2 assets may include the use of models or other valuation techniques, but these methods are all based on observable market inputs. The Company also has investments in certain derivative instruments, which are measured at fair value and classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements For certain other financial assets and liabilities, including restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other current assets and liabilities, the carrying amounts approximate their fair value primarily due to the relatively short maturity of these balances. The Company also measures certain non-financial assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis, primarily goodwill, intangible assets and operating lease right-of-use assets, in connection with periodic evaluations for potential impairment. Furtherm ore, the Company did not elect to apply the fair value option to specific assets or liabilities on a contract-by-contract basis. The Company did not have any transfers between Level 2 and Level 3 during the years ended December 28, 2024 and December 30, 2023. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity from the date of purchase of three months or less, or highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash, to be cash equivalents. The Company carries cash and cash equivalents at cost, which approximates fair value, and they are Level 1 under the fair value hierarchy. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses Accounts receivable consist of trade receivables recorded at the time of invoicing of product sales, reduced by reserves for estimated bad debts and returns. Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition. Collateral is generally not required. The Company records an allowance for credit losses that it does not expect to collect based on relevant information, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Accounts are charged off against the allowance when the Company believes they are uncollectible. The allowance for credit losses is measured on a collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Based on the risk characteristics, the Company has identified U.S. and international customers as separate portfolios for both segments, and measures expected credit losses on such receivables using an aging methodology. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using a standard cost method, which approximates the first in, first out method, and includes material, labor and overhead costs. Inventory valuation adjustments are recorded for inventory items that have become excess or obsolete or are no longer used in current production and for inventory items that have a market price less than the carrying value in inventory. The Company generally determines inventory valuation adjustments based on an evaluation of the expected future use of its inventory on an item by item basis and applies historical obsolescence rates to estimate the loss on inventory expected to have a recovery value below cost. The Company also records other specific inventory valuation adjustments when it becomes aware of unique events or circumstances that result in an expected recovery value below cost. For inventory items that have been written down, the reduced value becomes the new cost basis. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives as follows:
| Useful Lives
Buildings and building improvements | 7 to 39 years
Computer equipment and software | 2 to 12 years
Demonstration units | 2 to 3 years
Furniture and office equipment | 2 to 15 years
Leasehold improvements | Lesser of useful life or term of lease
Machinery, equipment and tooling | 3 to 20 years
Operating lease assets | Lesser of useful life or term of lease
Transportation, vehicles and other | 1 to 20 years
Land is not depreciated and construction-in-progress is not depreciated until placed in service. Normal repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred, whereas significant improvements that materially increase values or extend useful lives are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining estimated useful lives of the related assets. Upon sale or retirement of depreciable assets, the related cost and accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss on the sale or retirement is recognized in income. Lessee Right-of-Use (ROU) Assets and Lease Liabilities The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at inception. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an asset underlying an operating lease for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from an operating lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company generally estimates the applicable discount rate used to determine the net present value of lease payments based on available information at the lease commencement date. Many of the Company’s lessee agreements include options to extend the lease, which the Company does not include in its lease terms unless they are reasonably certain to be exercised. The Company utilizes a portfolio approach to account for the ROU assets and liabilities associated with certain equipment leases. The Company has also made an accounting policy election not to separate lease and non-lease components for its real estate leases and to exclude short-term leases with a term of twelve months or less from its ROU assets and lease liabilities. Rental expense for lease payments related to operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Intangible Assets Intangible assets consist primarily of patents, trademarks, software development costs, customer relationships and acquired technology. Costs related to patents and trademarks, which include legal and application fees, are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful lives using the straight-line method. Patent and trademark amortization commences once final approval of the patent or trademark has been obtained. Patent costs are amortized over the lesser of 10 years or the patent’s remaining legal life, which assumes renewals, and trademark costs are amortized over 17 years, and their associated amortization cost is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. For intangibles purchased in an asset acquisition or business combination, which mainly include patents, trademarks, customer relationships and acquired technologies, the useful life is determined largely by valuation estimates of remaining economic life. The Company’s policy is to renew its patents and trademarks. Costs to renew patents and trademarks are capitalized and amortized over the remaining useful life of the intangible asset. The Company periodically evaluates the amortization period and carrying basis of patents and trademarks to determine whether any events or circumstances warrant a revised estimated useful life or reduction in value. Capitalized application costs are charged to operations when it is determined that the patent or trademark will not be obtained or is abandoned. Software development costs are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 985-20, Software - Costs of Software to be Sold, Leased, or Marketed. Once technological feasibility has been established, qualifying costs incurred in development are capitalized until available for general release to customers, and subsequently reported at the lower of unamortized cost or net realizable value. Intangibles purchased as part of an asset acquisition or business combination historically have included patents, trademarks, customer relationships, developed technologies and contractual licenses. In certain circumstances, the Company has also acquired non-compete agreements tied to certain employment relationships. The useful life for all of these is largely determined by valuation estimates of remaining economic life. In connection with the Sound United acquisition, the Company acquired certain trademarks/tradenames, which are intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. These brands are expected to maintain brand value for an indefinite period of time. Impairment of Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Other Long-Lived Assets Goodwill is recorded as the difference, if any, between the aggregate consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair value of the acquired net tangible and intangible assets. Goodwill is not amortized, but instead is tested annually for impairment, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. In assessing goodwill impairment, the Company has the option to first assess the qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The Company has two reporting units, healthcare and non-healthcare. The Company’s qualitative assessment of the recoverability of goodwill considers various macro-economic, industry-specific and Company-specific factors, including: (i) severe adverse industry or economic trends; (ii) significant Company-specific actions; (iii) current, historical or projected deterioration of the Company’s financial performance; or (iv) a sustained decrease in the Company’s market capitalization below its net book value. If the qualitative assessment indicates that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, or if the Company elects to bypass the qualitative analysis, then the Company performs a quantitative analysis that compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered impaired; otherwise, a goodwill impairment loss is recognized for the lesser of: (a) the amount that the carrying amount of such reporting unit exceeds its fair value; or (b) the amount of the goodwill allocated to such reporting unit. The annual impairment test is performed during the fourth fiscal quarter. Similar to goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but instead are subject to annual impairment testing, unless circumstances dictate more frequent testing, if impairment indicators exist. Impairment for indefinite-lived assets exists if the carrying value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value. Determining whether impairment indicators exist and estimating the fair value of the Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets if necessary for impairment testing require significant judgment. Qualitative factors considered in this assessment include industry and market conditions, overall financial performance, and other relevant events and factors. The Company reviews finite-lived intangible assets and long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted operating cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. Employee Defined Benefit Plans The Company maintains noncontributory defined benefit plans that cover certain employees in certain international locations. The Company recognizes the funded status, or the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligations of the pension plan on the consolidated balance sheet, with a corresponding adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income. If the projected benefit obligation exceeds the fair value of plan assets, the difference or underfunded status represents the pension liability. The Company records a net periodic pension cost in the consolidated statement of operations. The liabilities and annual income or expense are determined using methodologies that involve several actuarial assumptions, the most significant of which are the discount rate and the expected long-term rate of asset return. The Company’s accounting policy includes an annual re-measurement of pension assets and obligations. In addition, the Company r e-measures pension assets and obligations for significant events, as of the nearest month-end date on the calendar. The fair values of plan assets are determined based on prevailing market prices. See Note 21, “Employee Benefits”, for further details. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method, under which the Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and for net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Tax positions that meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are recognized in the first reporting period that it becomes more-likely-than-not such tax position will be sustained upon examination. A tax position that meets this more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is recorded at the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Previously recognized income tax positions that fail to meet the recognition threshold in a subsequent period are derecognized in that period. Differences between actual results and the Company’s assumptions, or changes in the Company’s assumptions in future periods, are recorded in the period they become known. The Company records potential accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. As a multinational corporation, the Company is subject to complex tax laws and regulations in various jurisdictions. The application of tax laws and regulations is subject to legal and factual interpretation, judgment and uncertainty. Tax laws themselves are subject to change as a result of changes in fiscal policy, changes in legislation, evolution of regulations and court rulings. Therefore, the actual liability for U.S. or foreign taxes may be materially different from the Company’s estimates, which could result in the need to record additional liabilities or potentially to reverse previously recorded tax liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded against any deferred tax assets when, in the judgment of management, it is more-likely-than-not that all or part of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considers all positive and negative evidence, including recent financial performance, scheduled reversals of temporary differences, projected future taxable income, availability of taxable income in carryback periods and tax planning strategies. Income taxes are highly susceptible to changes from period to period, requiring management to make assumptions about the Company’s future income over the lives of its deferred tax assets and the impact of changes in valuation allowances. Any difference in the assumptions, judgments and estimates mentioned above could result in changes to the Company’s results of operations. Revenue Recognition, Deferred Revenue and Other Contract Liabilities The Company generally recognizes revenue following a single, principles-based five-step model to be applied to all contracts with customers and generally provides for the recognition of revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled, net of allowances for estimated returns, discounts or sales incentives, as well as taxes collected from customers that are remitted to government authorities when control over the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer. Healthcare segment While the majority of the Company’s healthcare segment revenue contracts and transactions contain standard business terms and conditions, there are some transactions that contain non-standard business terms and conditions. As a result, contract interpretation, judgment and analysis are required to determine the appropriate accounting, including: (i) the amount of the total consideration, as well as variable consideration, (ii) whether the arrangement contains an embedded lease, and if so, whether such embedded lease is a sales-type lease or an operating lease, (iii) the identification of the distinct performance obligations contained within the arrangement, (iv) how the arrangement consideration should be allocated to each performance obligation when multiple performance obligations exist, including the determination of standalone selling price, and (v) when to recognize revenue on the performance obligations. Changes in judgments on these assumptions and estimates could materially impact the timing of revenue recognition. Revenue from fixed lease payments related to equipment supplied under sales-type lease arrangements is recognized once control over the equipment is transferred to the customer, while revenue from fixed lease payments related to equipment supplied under operating-type lease arrangements is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease and variable lease payments are recognized as they occur. The Company derives the majority of its healthcare segment revenue from four primary sources: (i) direct sales under deferred equipment agreements with end-user hospitals where the Company provides up-front monitoring equipment at no up-front charge in exchange for a multi-year sensor purchase commitment; (ii) other direct sales of noninvasive monitoring solutions to end-user hospitals, emergency medical response organizations and other direct customers; (iii) sales of noninvasive monitoring solutions to distributors who then typically resell to end-user hospitals, emergency medical response organizations and other customers; and (iv) sales of integrated circuit boards to OEM customers who incorporate the Company’s embedded software technology into their multiparameter monitoring devices. Subject to customer credit considerations, the majority of such sales are made on open accounts using industry standard payment terms based on the geography within which the specific customer is located. The Company enters into agreements to sell its monitoring solutions and services, sometimes as a part of arrangements with multiple performance obligations that include various combinations of product sales, equipment leases, software and services. In the case of contracts with multiple performance obligations, the authoritative guidance provides that the total consideration be allocated to each performance obligation on the basis of relative standalone selling prices. When a standalone selling price is not readily observable, the Company estimates the standalone selling price by considering multiple factors including, but not limited to, features and functionality of the product, geographies, type of customer, contractual prices pursuant to Group Purchasing Organization (GPO) contracts, the Company’s pricing and discount practices, and other market conditions. Sales under deferred equipment ag reements are generally structured such that the Company agrees to provide certain monitoring-related equipment, software, installation, training and/or warranty support at no up-front charge in exchange for the customer’s commitment to purchase sensors over the term of the agreement, which generally ranges from three years to six years. The Company allocates contract consideration under deferred equipment agreements containing fixed annual sensor purchase commitments to the underlying lease and non-lease components at contract inception. In determining whether any underlying lease components are related to a sales-type lease or an operating lease, the Company evaluates the customer’s rights and ability to control the use of the underlying equipment throughout the contract term, including any equipment substitution rights retained by the Company, as well as the Company’s expectations surrounding potential contract/lease extensions or renewals and the customer’s likelihood to exercise any purchase options. Beginning in 2022, for contracts that contain variable lease payments that are not dependent on an index or rate, the Company classifies as operating leases any lease components that would have otherwise been classified as sales-type leases that would result in a selling loss upon lease commencement. Revenue allocable to non-lease performance obligations is generally recognized as such non-lease performance obligations are satisfied. Revenue allocable to lease components under sales-type lease arrangements is generally recognized when control over the equipment is transferred to the customer. Revenue allocable to lease components under operating lease arrangements is generally recognized over the term of the operating lease. The Company generally does not expect to derive any significant value in excess of such asset’s unamortized book value from equipment underlying its operating lease arrangements after the end of the agreement. Revenue from the sale of products and software, to end-user hospitals, emergency medical response organizations, other direct customers, distributors and OEM customers, is recognized by the Company when control of such performance obligations transfers to the customer based upon the terms of the contract or underlying purchase order. Revenue related to OEM rainbow® parameter software licenses is recognized by the Company upon the OEM’s shipment of its product to its customer, as reported to the Company by the OEM. The Company provides certain customers with various sales incentives that may take the form of discounts or rebates. The Company records estimates related to these programs as a reduction to revenue at the time of sale. In general, customers do not have a right of return for credit or refund. However, the Company allows returns under certain circumstances. At the end of each period, the Company estimates and accrues for these returns as a reduction to revenue. The Company estimates the revenue constraints related to these forms of variable consideration based on various factors, including expected purchasing volumes, prior sales and returns history, and specific contractual terms and limitations. Non-healthcare segment Non-healthcare segment revenue is related to hardware and embedded software that is integrated into final products that are manufactured and sold by the Company. Products and related software are accounted for as a single performance obligation and all intended functionality is available to the customer upon purchase. Non-healthcare segment revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products or service to customers, which is either upon shipment or upon delivery to the customers, depending on delivery terms. The Company offers sales incentives and has customer programs consisting primarily of discounts and market development fund programs, and records them as contra revenue. Estimates for sales incentives are developed using the most likely amount and are included in the transaction price to the extent that a significant reversal of revenue would not result once the uncertainty is resolved. In developing these estimates, the Company also considers the susceptibility of the incentive to outside influences, the length of time until the uncertainty is resolved and the Company’s experience with similar contracts. Reductions in revenue related to discounts are allocated to products on a relative basis based on their respective standard selling price if there are undelivered products in a contract. Judgment is required to determine the timing and amount of recognition of marketing funds, which the Company estimates based on past practice of providing similar funds. Payment terms and conditions vary among the Company’s distribution channels although terms generally include a requirement of payment within 30 to 60 days of product shipment. Sales made directly to customers from the Company’s website are paid at the time of product shipment. Prior to determining payment terms for each customer, an evaluation of such customer’s credit risk is performed. Contractual allowances are an offset to accounts receivable. The Company recognizes non-healthcare royalty revenue associated with certain prepaid license arrangements. The Company recognizes non-healthcare revenue from the prepaid license arrangements based upon sales-based royalties when a subsequent sale occurs. Shipping and Handling Costs and Fees All shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred and are recorded as a component of cost of goods sold in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Charges for shipping and handling billed to customers are included as a component of revenue. Taxes Collected From Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities The Company’s policy is to present revenue net of taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities. Deferred Costs and Other Contract Assets The costs of monitoring-related equipment provided to customers under operating lease arrangements within the Company’s deferred equipment agreements are generally deferred and amortized to cost of goods sold over the life of the underlying contracts. Some of the Company’s deferred equipment agreements also contain provisions for certain allowances to be made directly to the end-user hospital customer at the inception of the arrangement. These allowances are generally allocated to the lease and non-lease components and recognized as a reduction to revenue as the underlying performance obligations are satisfied. The Company generally invoices its customers under deferred equipment agreements as sensors are provided to the customer. However, the Company may recognize revenue for certain non-lease performance obligations under deferred equipment agreements with fixed annual commitments at the time such performance obligations are satisfied and prior to the customer being invoiced. When this occurs, the Company records an unbilled contract receivable related to such revenue until the customer has been invoiced pursuant to the terms of the underlying deferred equipment agreement. The incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are capitalized and deferred if the Company expects such costs to be recoverable over the life of the contract and the contract term is greater than one year. Such deferred costs generally relate to certain incentive sales commissions earned by the Company’s internal sales team in connection with the execution of deferred equipment agreements and are amortized to expense over the expected term of the underlying contract. Warranty The Company generally provides a warranty against defects in material and workmanship for a period ranging from six months to forty-eight months, depending on the product type. In traditional sales activities, including direct and OEM sales, the Company establishes an accrued liability for the estimated warranty costs at the time of revenue recognition, with a corresponding provision to cost of goods sold. Customers may also purchase extended warranty coverage or service level upgrades separately or as part of a deferred equipment agreement. Revenue related to extended warranty coverage and service level upgrades is generally recognized over the life of the contract, which reasonably approximates the period over which such services will be provided. The related extended warranty and service level upgrade costs are expensed as incurred. Changes in the product warranty accrual were as follows:
| Year Ended
(in millions) | December 28, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Product warranty accrual, beginning of period | $ | 8.6 |  |  | $ | 10.6 |  |  | $ | 2.5 |
Increase related to acquisition, net of reserve | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8.4 |
Accrual for warranties issued | 9.1 |  |  | 7.8 |  |  | 1.8 |
Changes in pre-existing warranties (including changes in estimates) | (5.4) |  |  | (7.5) |  |  | 4.7 |
Settlements made | (3.1) |  |  | (2.3) |  |  | (6.8) |
Product warranty accrual, end of period | $ | 9.2 |  |  | $ | 8.6 |  |  | $ | 10.6 |
Advertising Costs Advertising costs include certain advertising, marketing and endorsement agreement fees. Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Endorsement fees associated with product endorsers are expensed on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement. Advertising costs are included in selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Prepayments made under endorsement agreements are included in other current assets or other non-current assets, depending on the period to which the prepayments applies. Certain endorsement agreements provide for royalty payments to endorsers based on sales of particular products, which the Company records in selling, general and administrative expense as the related sales occur. Advertising costs for the years ended December 28, 2024, December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, were $58.2 million, $61.4 million and $49.3 million, respectively. Research and Development Costs related to research and development activities are expensed as incurred. These costs include personnel costs, materials, depreciation and amortization on associated tangible and intangible assets and an allocation of facility costs, all of which are directly related to research and development activities. Litigation Costs and Contingencies The Company records a charge equal to at least the minimum estimated liability for a loss contingency or litigation settlement when both of the following conditions are met: (i) information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that it is probable that a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements, and (ii) the range of loss can be reasonably estimated. The determination of whether a loss contingency or litigation settlement is probable or reasonably possible involves a significant amount of management judgment, as does the estimation of the range of loss given the nature of contingencies. Liabilities related to litigation settlements with multiple elements are recorded based on the fair value of each element. Legal and other liti gation related expenses are recognized as the services are provided. The Company records insurance and other indemnity recoveries for litigation expenses when both of the following conditions are met: (a) the recovery is probable, and (b) collectability is reasonably assured. Insurance recoveries are only recorded to the extent the litigation costs to which they relate have been incurred and recognized in the financial statements. Foreign Currency Translation The Company’s international headquarters is in Switzerland, and its functional currency is the U.S. Dollar. The Company has many other foreign subsidiaries, and the largest transactions in foreign currency translations occur in the Japanese Yen, the British Pound, the Chinese Yuan and the European Euro. The Company records certain revenues and expenses in foreign currencies. These revenues and expenses are translated into U.S. Dollars based on the average exchange rate for the reporting period. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. Dollars at the exchange rate in effect as of the balance sheet date. Translation gains and losses related to foreign currency assets and liabilities of a subsidiary that are denominated in the functional currency of such subsidiary are included as a component o f accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income within the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Realized and unrealized foreign currency gains and losses related to foreign currency assets and liabilities of the Company, or a subsidiary that are not denominated in the underlying functional currency are included as a component of non-operating (loss) income within the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Derivatives Instruments and Hedging Activities The Company addresses market risk from changes in interest rates risks through risk management programs, which include the use of derivative instruments. The Company’s exposure to a counterparty’s credit risk is generally limited to the amounts of the net obligation to the counterparty. The Company established policies to enter into contracts only with major investment-grade financial institutions to mitigate such counterparty credit risk. The Company also established a policy to further monitor the counterparty risks throughout the life of the instruments. None of the derivative instruments currently held by the Company were entered into for speculative trading purposes. All derivative financial instruments are recognized as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets and are classified as short-term or long-term based on the tenor of the instrument. The Company has elected not to separate a derivative instrument into current and long-term portions. A derivative instrument whose fair value is a net liability is classified as current in total. A derivative instrument whose fair value is a net asset and whose current portion is an asset is classified as non-current in total. For a derivative instrument that meets the criteria to qualify for hedge accounting, the Company marks the fair value of the derivative instrument to market periodically through other comprehensive (loss) income. When the hedged items are recorded to income (loss), the associated deferred gains (losses) of the derivatives in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income will be reclassified into earnings. Any fluctuation in the fair value of a derivative instrument that does not meet the criteria for hedge accounting is recorded to earnings (expense) in the period it occurs. Comprehensive (Loss) Income Comprehensive (loss) income includes foreign currency translation adjustments, changes to pension benefits, unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges and any related tax benefits (expenses) that have been excluded from net income and reflected in stockholders’ equity. Net (Loss) Income Per Share A computation of basic and diluted net (loss) income per share is as follows:
| Year Ended
(in millions, except per share amounts) | December 28, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Net (loss) income | $ | (304.9) |  |  | $ | 81.5 |  |  | $ | 143.5 |
Basic net (loss) income per share: |  |  |  |  |
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic | 53.3 |  |  | 52.8 |  |  | 53.6 |
Net (loss) income per basic share | $ | (5.72) |  |  | $ | 1.54 |  |  | $ | 2.68 |
Diluted net (loss) income per share: |  |  |  |  |
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic | 53.3 |  |  | 52.8 |  |  | 53.6 |
Diluted share equivalents: stock options, RSUs and PSUs | — |  |  | 1.3 |  |  | 1.6 |
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted | 53.3 |  |  | 54.1 |  |  | 55.2 |
Net (loss) income per diluted share | $ | (5.72) |  |  | $ | 1.51 |  |  | $ | 2.60 |
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period. Net income per diluted s hare is computed by dividing the net income by the weighted-average number of shares and potential shares outstanding during the period, if the effect of potential shares is dilutive. In periods when the Company has a net loss, equity awards are excluded from the calculation of earnings per share as their inclusion would have an antidilutive effect. Potential shares include incremental shares of stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options and the vesting of both restricted share units (RSUs) and perfo rmance stock units (PSUs). For each of the years ended December 28, 2024, December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, weighted options to purchase 1.1 million, 1.2 million and 0.8 million shares of common stock, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted net (loss) income per share because the effect of including such shares would have been antidilutive in the applicable period. For each of the years ended December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, certain RSUs were considered contingently issuable shares as their vesting was contingent upon the occurrence of certain future events. Since such events have not occurred and were not considered probable of occurring as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, 2.7 million weighted-average shares related to such RSUs have been excluded from the calculation of potential shares. On October 24, 2024, following a review by outside counsel, the Board adopted resolutions to terminate the employment of Mr. Kiani, our former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, effective October 24, 2024. In connection with the Board’s determination, the 2.7 million RSU grant to Mr. Kiani was cancelled and the 2.7 million weighted-average shares related to such RSUs have continued to be excluded from the calculation of potential shares for the year ended December 28, 2024. For additional information with respect to these RSUs, please see “Employment and Severance Agreements” in Note 24, “Commitments and Contingencies”. Supplemental Cash Flow Information Supplemental cash flow information includes the following:
| Year Ended
(in millions) | December 28, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Cash paid during the year for: |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense | $ | 39.1 |  |  | $ | 51.0 |  |  | $ | 23.0 |
Income taxes | 41.9 |  |  | 54.4 |  |  | 87.3 |
Operating lease liabilities | 24.6 |  |  | 22.4 |  |  | 17.2 |
Non-cash operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities | $ | 28.6 |  |  | $ | 16.3 |  |  | $ | — |
Non-cash investing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Unpaid purchases of property and equipment | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 3.8 |
Non-cash financing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Unsettled common stock proceeds from option exercises | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash: |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 177.6 |  |  | $ | 163.0 |  |  | $ | 202.9 |
Restricted cash | 3.8 |  |  | 5.2 |  |  | 6.7 |
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows | $ | 181.4 |  |  | $ | 168.2 |  |  | $ | 209.6 |
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The new standard is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. ASU No. 2023-07 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted with retrospective application to all prior periods presented. Upon transition, the segment expense categories and amounts disclosed in the prior periods should be based on the significant segment expense categories identified and disclosed in the period of adoption. The Company retrospectively adopted this standard during the fiscal year ended December 28, 2024. See Note 25,”Segment and Enterprise Reporting”, for further details on the impact of the adoption of this standard. Recently Announced Accounting Pronouncements In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The new standard requires companies to disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income or loss by the applicable statutory income tax rate). ASU No. 2023-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03 Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The guidance in ASU No. 2024-03 requires public business entities to disclose in the notes to the financial statements, among other things, specific information about certain costs and expenses including purchases of inventory; employee compensation; and depreciation, amortization and depletion expenses for each caption on the income statement where such expenses are included. ASU No. 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-01 to clarify the effective date of ASU No. 2024-03. Early adoption is permitted, and the amendments may be applied prospectively to reporting periods after the effective date or retrospectively to all periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

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