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Fair Value Accounting and Measurement

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic of the FASB ASC defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure requirements about fair value. We hold fixed and variable rate interest-bearing securities, investments in marketable equity securities and certain other financial instruments, which are carried at fair value. Fair value is determined based upon quoted prices when available or through the use of alternative approaches, such as matrix or model pricing, when market quotes are not readily accessible or available.

The valuation techniques are based upon observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our own market assumptions. These two types of inputs create the following fair value hierarchy:

Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date.

Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.

Level 3 – Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

Fair values are determined as follows:

Securities at fair value are priced using a combination of market activity, industry recognized information sources, yield curves, discounted cash flow models and other factors. These fair value calculations are considered a Level 2 input method under the provisions of the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic of the FASB ASC for all securities other than U.S. Treasury Notes and other securities, which are considered a Level 1 input method.

Interest rate contracts and the interest rate collar are valued in models, which use as their basis, readily observable market parameters and are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.

The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2019 and 2018 by level within the fair value hierarchy. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement:



	Fair Value at December 31, 2019		Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
	Fair Value at December 31, 2019		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(in thousands)
Assets
Debt securities available for sale
U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations (1)	$	2,892,950	$	—	$	2,892,950	$	—
Other asset-backed securities (1)	196,050		—		196,050		—
State and municipal securities	488,802		—		488,802		—
U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise securities	168,340		—		168,340		—
Total debt securities available for sale	$	3,746,142	$	—	$	3,746,142	$	—
Other assets:
Interest rate contracts	$	19,144	$	—	$	19,144	$	—
Interest rate collar	14,727		—		14,727		—
Liabilities
Other liabilities:
Interest rate contracts	$	19,145	$	—	$	19,145	$	—



	Fair Value at December 31, 2018		Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
	Fair Value at December 31, 2018		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(in thousands)
Assets
Debt securities available for sale
U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations (1)	$	2,013,355	$	—	$	2,013,355	$	—
Other asset-backed securities (1)	174,935		—		174,935		—
State and municipal securities	574,323		—		574,323		—
U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise securities	404,587		—		404,587		—
U.S. government securities	248		248		—		—
Total debt securities available for sale	$	3,167,448	$	248	$	3,167,200	$	—
Other assets:
Interest rate contracts	$	7,033	$	—	$	7,033	$	—
Liabilities
Other liabilities:
Interest rate contracts	$	7,033	$	—	$	7,033	$	—

__________

(1) Beginning in 2019, other asset-backed securities were presented separately in this table. Prior period amounts that were previously reported in U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. The Company recognizes transfers between levels of the valuation hierarchy based on the valuation level at the end of the reporting period.

Nonrecurring Measurements

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis after initial recognition such as loans measured for impairment and OREO. The following methods were used to estimate the fair value of each such class of financial instrument:

Impaired loans—A loan is considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due (both interest and principal) according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, a loan’s observable market price, or the fair market value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell if the loan is a collateral-dependent loan. The impairment evaluations are performed in conjunction with the ALLL process on a quarterly basis by officers in the Special Credits group, which reports to the Chief Credit Officer. The REASD, which also reports to the Chief Credit Officer, is responsible for obtaining appraisals from third-parties or performing internal evaluations. If an appraisal is obtained from a third-party, the REASD reviews the appraisal to evaluate the adequacy of the appraisal report, including its scope, methods, accuracy, and reasonableness.

The following table sets forth the Company’s assets that were measured using fair value estimates on a nonrecurring basis during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:



	Fair Value at December 31, 2019		Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using						Losses During the Year Ended December 31, 2019
	Fair Value at December 31, 2019		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Losses During the Year Ended December 31, 2019
	(in thousands)
Impaired loans	$	10,007	$	—	$	—	$	10,007	$	7,519
	$	10,007	$	—	$	—	$	10,007	$	7,519



	Fair Value at December 31, 2018		Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using						Losses During the Year Ended December 31, 2018
	Fair Value at December 31, 2018		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Losses During the Year Ended December 31, 2018
	(in thousands)
Impaired loans	$	11,555	$	—	$	—	$	11,555	$	1,821
	$	11,555	$	—	$	—	$	11,555	$	1,821

The losses on impaired loans disclosed above represent the amount of the specific reserve and/or charge-offs during the period applicable to loans held at period end. The amount of the specific reserve is included in the ALLL.

Quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements

The range and weighted average of the significant unobservable inputs used to fair value our Level 3 nonrecurring assets during 2019 and 2018, along with the valuation techniques used, are shown in the following tables:



	Fair Value at December 31, 2019		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted Average) (1)
	(dollars in thousands)
Impaired loans - collateral-dependent (2)	$	10,007	Fair Market Value of Collateral	Adjustment to Stated Value	0% - 100% (49.68%)

__________

(1) Adjustment applied to appraisal value and stated value (in the case of fixed assets and inventory).

(2) Collateral consists of accounts receivable, inventory, fixed assets, real estate and cash.



	Fair Value at December 31, 2018		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted Average) (1)
	(dollars in thousands)
Impaired loans - collateral-dependent (2)	$	8,394	Fair Market Value of Collateral	Adjustment to Stated Value	0.00% - 70.04% (7.02%)
Impaired loans - other (3)	$	3,161	Discounted Cash Flow	Discount Rate	0.34	%

__________

(1) Discount rate applied to discounted cash flow valuation or appraisal value and stated value (in the case of fixed assets and inventory).

(2) Collateral consists of accounts receivable, inventory, fixed assets, real estate and cash.

(3) As there was only one impaired loan re-measured using discounted cash flows, a range of discounts could not be provided.

The following tables summarize carrying amounts and estimated fair values of selected financial instruments for the periods indicated:



	December 31, 2019
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(in thousands)
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	223,541	$	223,541	$	223,541	$	—	$	—
Interest-earning deposits with banks	24,132		24,132		24,132		—		—
Debt securities available for sale	3,746,142		3,746,172		—		3,746,172		—
FHLB stock	48,120		48,120		—		48,120		—
Loans held for sale	17,718		17,718		—		17,718		—
Loans	8,659,497		8,883,865		—		—		8,883,865
Interest rate contracts	19,144		19,144		—		19,144		—
Interest rate collar	14,727		14,727		—		14,727		—
Liabilities
Time deposits	$	400,070	$	397,736	$	—	$	397,736	$	—
FHLB advances	953,469		952,762		—		952,762		—
Repurchase agreements	64,437		64,437		—		64,437		—
Subordinated debentures	35,277		35,491		—		35,491		—
Interest rate contracts	19,145		19,145		—		19,145		—



	December 31, 2018
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(in thousands)
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	260,180	$	260,180	$	260,180	$	—	$	—
Interest-earning deposits with banks	17,407		17,407		17,407		—		—
Debt securities available for sale	3,167,448		3,167,448		248		3,167,200		—
FHLB stock	25,960		25,960		—		25,960		—
Loans held for sale	3,849		3,849		—		3,849		—
Loans	8,308,142		8,316,946		—		—		8,316,946
Interest rate contracts	7,033		7,033		—		7,033		—
Liabilities
Time deposits	$	414,443	$	407,659	$	—	$	407,659	$	—
FHLB advances	399,523		400,085		—		400,085		—
Repurchase agreements	61,094		61,094		—		61,094		—
Subordinated debentures	35,462		34,897		—		34,897		—
Interest rate contracts	7,033		7,033		—		7,033		—

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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