<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001193125-19-223066.txt : 20190816
<SEC-HEADER>0001193125-19-223066.hdr.sgml : 20190816
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20190816090104
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001193125-19-223066
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		14
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20190812
ITEM INFORMATION:		Other Events
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20190816
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20190816

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			LINCOLN NATIONAL CORP
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000059558
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	LIFE INSURANCE [6311]
		IRS NUMBER:				351140070
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			IN
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-06028
		FILM NUMBER:		191031627

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		150 N RADNOR CHESTER RD
		CITY:			RADNOR
		STATE:			PA
		ZIP:			19087
		BUSINESS PHONE:		4845831400

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		150 N RADNOR CHESTER RD
		CITY:			RADNOR
		STATE:			PA
		ZIP:			19087
</SEC-HEADER>
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<TYPE>8-K
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">(State or other jurisdiction</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">of incorporation)</p></td>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">(Commission</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">File Number)</p></td>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">(IRS Employer</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Identification No.)</p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1" contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">150 N. Radnor Chester Road</ix:nonNumeric>, <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown" contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">Radnor</ix:nonNumeric>, <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince" contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">PA</ix:nonNumeric> <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode" contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">19087</ix:nonNumeric></p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">(Address of principal executive offices)&#160;(Zip Code)</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Registrant&#8217;s telephone number, including area code <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:CityAreaCode" contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">(484)</ix:nonNumeric> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber" contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">583-1400</ix:nonNumeric> </span></p> <div style="text-align:center"> <p style="line-height:6pt;margin-left:auto;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;width:21.05%;margin-right:auto;margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:0px">&#160;</p></div> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Check the appropriate box below if the Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">8-K</span> filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:</p> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt"></p>
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<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</td></tr></table> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt"></p>
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<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">14a-12</span> under the Exchange Act (17 CFR <span style="white-space:nowrap">240.14a-12) </span></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt"></p>
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<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer" contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#32;</td>
<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;"> <span style="white-space:nowrap">Pre-commencement</span> communications pursuant to Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">14d-2(b)</span> under the Exchange Act (17 CFR <span style="white-space:nowrap">240.14d-2(b)) </span></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt"></p>
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<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#32;</td>
<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;"> <span style="white-space:nowrap">Pre-commencement</span> communications pursuant to Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">13e-4(c)</span> under the Exchange Act (17 CFR <span style="white-space:nowrap">240.13e-4(c)) </span></td></tr></table> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Securities registered pursuant to Section&#160;12(b) of the Act:</p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Title of each class</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Trading</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Symbol(s)</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Name of each exchange</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">on which registered</p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:Security12bTitle" contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">Common Stock</ix:nonNumeric></p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:TradingSymbol" contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">LNC</ix:nonNumeric></p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:SecurityExchangeName" contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen">New York Stock Exchange</ix:nonNumeric></p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">12b-2</span> of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;<span style="white-space:nowrap">240.12b-2</span> of this chapter).</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:right;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Emerging growth company&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section&#160;13(a) of the Exchange Act.&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:normal">&#9744;</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:10pt"></p> <div style="text-align:center"> <p style="line-height:0.5pt;border-bottom:0.50px solid #000000;width:100%;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p></div> <div style="text-align:center"> <p style="line-height:3pt;border-bottom:0.50px solid #000000;width:100%;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt">&#160;</p></div> <div></div> <p style="margin-top:0"></p></div>

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<td style="width:10%;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap;">Item&#160;8.01. </td>
<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Other Events</td> </tr> </table> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt">On August 12, 2019, Lincoln National Corporation (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) entered into an Underwriting Agreement with J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and BNP Paribas Securities Corp., as representatives of the several underwriters listed therein (the &#8220;Underwriters&#8221;), pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell, and the Underwriters agreed to purchase, subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, $500 million aggregate principal amount of the Company&#8217;s 3.050% Senior Notes due 2030 (the &#8220;Notes&#8221;) in a public offering (the &#8220;Offering&#8221;). The Offering is expected to close on August 19, 2019.</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">The Underwriting Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and agreements of the Company, conditions to closing, indemnification rights and obligations of the parties and termination provisions. The description of the Underwriting Agreement set forth above is qualified by reference to the Underwriting Agreement filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and incorporated herein by reference.</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">From time to time, in the ordinary course of their business, certain of the Underwriters and their affiliates have provided, and may in the future provide, various financial advisory, investment banking, commercial banking or investment management services to us and our affiliates, for which they have received and may continue to receive customary fees and commissions. In particular, Bank of America, N.A., serves as administrative agent, BofA Securities, Inc., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (&#8220;JPMorgan&#8221;) and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC serve as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners, JPMorgan and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association serve as syndication agents, and Bank of America, N.A., JPMorgan, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, BNP Paribas and HSBC Bank USA, N.A., each an Underwriter or affiliate thereof, serve as lenders on our revolving credit facility. Additionally, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, BNP Paribas Securities Corp., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, HSBC Securities (USA) Inc. and BofA Securities, Inc. are acting as dealer managers for our cash tender offer for certain of our outstanding senior notes announced on August 12, 2019, and certain of the Underwriters and their respective affiliates may hold positions in the debt securities included in the tender offer for their own account and/or for the accounts of their customers. In addition, the Underwriters and their affiliates may, from time to time, engage in transactions with or perform services for us in the ordinary course of business, including acting as distributors of various life, annuity, defined contribution and investment products of our subsidiaries. From time to time, certain of the Underwriters and their affiliates may effect transactions for their own account or the account of customers, and hold on behalf of themselves or their customers, long or short positions in our debt or equity securities or loans, and may do so in the future.</p> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt"> <span style="font-style:Italic">This report is not intended to and does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to subscribe for or buy or an invitation to purchase or subscribe for any securities or the solicitation of any vote in any jurisdiction, nor shall there be any sale, issuance or transfer of securities in any jurisdiction in contravention of applicable law. No offer of securities shall be made except by means of a prospectus meeting the requirements of Section&#160;10 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended</span>.</p> <p style="margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:18pt"></p>
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<td style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt;">Financial Statements and Exhibits</td> </tr> </table> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;text-indent:4%;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:6pt">(d) Exhibits </p>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding:0;text-align:left"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">1.1</p> </td>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;padding:0;text-align:left"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">104</p> </td>
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<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION </p> </td> </tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">By </p> </td>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;margin-bottom:1pt;font-size:10pt;margin-top:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000">/s/ Randal J. Freitag </p> </td> </tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Name: </p> </td>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Randal J. Freitag </p> </td> </tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Title: </p> </td>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Executive Vice President and </p> </td> </tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt"></p> </td>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-top:0pt">Chief Financial Officer </p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div style="clear:both"></div> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0%;text-align:left;text-indent:0%;font-size:10pt;margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:12pt">Date:&#160;August&#160;16, 2019 </p> <div></div> <p style="margin-top:0"></p>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 1.1 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right">EXECUTION VERSION </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">LINCOLN
NATIONAL CORPORATION </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">Underwriting Agreement </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">$500,000,000 3.050% Senior Notes due 2030 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:56%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">August&nbsp;12, 2019 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">J.P.
Morgan Securities LLC </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Wells Fargo Securities, LLC </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">BNP
Paribas Securities Corp. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">As Representatives of the </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">several Underwriters listed </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">in
Schedule I hereto. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">c/o J.P. Morgan Securities LLC </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">383
Madison Avenue </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">New York, New York 10179 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">c/o Wells Fargo
Securities, LLC </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">550 South Tryon Street, 5th Floor </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Charlotte, North Carolina 28202 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">c/o BNP Paribas Securities
Corp. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">787 Seventh Avenue </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">New York, New York 10019 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Ladies and Gentlemen: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Lincoln National
Corporation, an Indiana corporation (the &#147;<U>Company</U>&#148;), agrees with the several Underwriters named in Schedule I hereto (&#147;<U>Underwriters</U>&#148;) for whom you are acting as representative (the
&#147;<U>Representatives</U>&#148;) to issue and sell to the several Underwriters, $500,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its 3.050% Senior Notes due 2030 (the &#147;<U>Securities</U>&#148;) to be issued under the Senior Indenture, dated as of
March&nbsp;10, 2009 (the &#147;<U>Indenture</U>&#148;), between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee (the &#147;<U>Trustee</U>&#148;). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Company has prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#147;<U>Commission</U>&#148;) under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the &#147;<U>Act</U>&#148;), an &#147;automatic shelf registration statement&#148; as defined under Rule 405 under the Act on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-3</FONT> (file number
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">333-220731),</FONT> relating to securities (the &#147;<U>Shelf Securities</U>&#148;), including the Securities, to be issued from time to time by the Company. Such registration statement, including the exhibits
thereto and the other information and </P>
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documents deemed pursuant to Rule 430B under the Act to be part thereof as amended to (and including) the date of this Agreement, but excluding any Statement of Eligibility <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">(Form&nbsp;T-1)</FONT> under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the &#147;<U>Trust Indenture Act</U>&#148;), is hereinafter referred to as the &#147;<U>Registration Statement</U>&#148;. The term &#147;<U>Basic
Prospectus</U>&#148; means the prospectus, dated September&nbsp;29, 2017, included in the Registration Statement. The Company proposes to file with the Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424 under the Act a supplement or supplements to the Basic
Prospectus relating to the Securities and the plan of distribution thereof and has previously advised you of all further information (financial and other) with respect to the Company to be set forth therein. The term &#147;<U>Prospectus</U>&#148;
means the Basic Prospectus, as supplemented by the prospectus supplement including pricing information specifically relating to the Securities in the form filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act (or in the form first made available to the
Underwriters by the Company to meet requests of purchasers pursuant to Rule 173 under the Act) and the term &#147;<U>preliminary prospectus</U>&#148; means any preliminary form of the Prospectus including the &#147;subject to completion&#148; legend
required by Item 501(b)(10) under Regulation <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-K</FONT> under the Act which has heretofore been filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Act. The term &#147;<U>Time of Sale Prospectus</U>&#148; means the Basic
Prospectus, as supplemented by the preliminary prospectus last filed before the Applicable Time (as defined below) pursuant to Rule 424 under the Act relating specifically to the Securities, as of 3:50 P.M. on August&nbsp;12, 2019 (the
&#147;<U>Applicable Time</U>&#148;), together with the free writing prospectuses, if any, identified in Schedule II hereto, and the term &#147;<U>free writing prospectus</U>&#148; has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Act. As used herein,
the terms &#147;Registration Statement,&#148; &#147;Basic Prospectus,&#148; &#147;preliminary prospectus,&#148; &#147;Time of Sale Prospectus&#148; and &#147;Prospectus&#148; shall include the documents, if any, incorporated by reference therein.
The terms &#147;supplement,&#148; &#147;amendment&#148; and &#147;amend&#148; as used herein with respect to the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Prospectus or any free
writing prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any free writing prospectus and the filing of any document under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#147;<U>Exchange Act</U>&#148;) that are deemed to be
incorporated therein by reference. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Representations and Warranties</U>. The Company represents and warrants
to, and agrees with, each Underwriter that: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company meets the requirements for use of an
&#147;automatic shelf registration statement&#148; as defined under Rule 405 under the Act, on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-3,</FONT> and has filed with the Commission the Registration Statement, which has become effective. The
Registration Statement meets the requirements set forth in Rule&nbsp;415(a)(1)(x) under the Act and complies in all other material respects with said Rule. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i)&nbsp;Each document, if any, filed or to be filed pursuant to the Exchange Act and incorporated
by reference in the Time of Sale Prospectus or the Prospectus complied or will comply when so filed in all material respects with the </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-2- </P>

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Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, (ii)&nbsp;each part of the Registration Statement, when such part became effective, did not contain, and each
such part, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (iii)&nbsp;the
Registration Statement as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date (as defined in Section&nbsp;3) does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading, (iv)&nbsp;the Registration Statement and the Prospectus comply, and as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will comply, and the Indenture will comply, in all material respects with the Act, the Trust Indenture
Act, and the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder, (v)&nbsp;each free writing prospectus filed by the Company, as of its issue date and at all subsequent times through the completion of the public offer and sale of the
Securities, did not, does not and will not include any information that conflicted, conflicts or will conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, including any document incorporated by reference therein
and any preliminary or other prospectus deemed to be a part thereof that has not been superseded or modified, as they exist as of the time of filing of such free writing prospectus, (vi)&nbsp;the Time of Sale Prospectus does not, and at the time of
each sale of the Securities in connection with the offering and at the Closing Date, as then amended or supplemented by the Company, if applicable, will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and (vii)&nbsp;the Prospectus, as of its date and as of the Closing Date, does not and will not contain and, as amended or supplemented, if
applicable, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except that the
representations and warranties set forth in this paragraph do not apply to&nbsp;statements or omissions in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus or the Prospectus as of its date and the Closing Date based upon information relating
to the Underwriters or any underwriting arrangements furnished to the Company in writing through the Underwriters expressly for use therein. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The financial statements of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries included or incorporated
by reference in the Registration Statement fairly present the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the results of operations and changes in
financial position for the periods therein specified; neither the Company nor any of its consolidated subsidiaries has sustained since the date of the latest audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Prospectus or
Time of Sale Prospectus any material loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-3- </P>

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whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus and Time of Sale
Prospectus; and, since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Basic Prospectus, there has not been any material change in the capital stock (other than issuances of common stock upon the exercise
of outstanding employee stock options or pursuant to existing employee compensation plans) or long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse
change, in the condition (financial or other), earnings, business or properties of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries taken as a whole whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, except as set forth or
contemplated in the Prospectus and Time of Sale Prospectus. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;At the time of filing the
Registration Statement, at the time of the most recent amendment thereto for the purposes of complying with Section&nbsp;10(a)(3) of the Act (whether such amendment was by post-effective amendment, incorporated report filed pursuant to
Section&nbsp;13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or form of prospectus), and&nbsp;at the time the Company or any person acting on its behalf (within the meaning, for this clause only, of Rule 163(c) under the Act) made any offer relating to the
Securities in reliance on the exemption of Rule 163 under the Act, the Company was a &#147;well-known seasoned issuer&#148; as defined in Rule 405 under the Act. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company is not an &#147;ineligible issuer&#148; in connection with the offering pursuant to
Rules 164, 405 and 433 under the Act. Any free writing prospectus that the Company is required to file pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act has been, or will be, filed with the Commission in accordance with the requirements of the Act and the
applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. Each free writing prospectus that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act or that was prepared by or on behalf of or used by the Company
complies or will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. Except for the free writing prospectuses, if any, identified in Schedule II hereto, the Company
has not prepared, used or referred to, and will not, without your prior consent, prepare, use or refer to, any free writing prospectus. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Any free writing prospectus, including, without limitation, any electronic road show, when taken
together with the Time of Sale Prospectus, accompanying, or delivered prior to the delivery of, such free writing prospectus, did not, and at the Closing Date, will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-4- </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(g)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company has been duly incorporated and is
validly existing as a corporation under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, with power and authority (corporate and other) to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Basic Prospectus and
has been duly qualified as a foreign corporation for the transaction of business and is in good standing under the laws of each other jurisdiction in which it owns or leases properties, or conducts any business, so as to require such qualification,
or is subject to no material liability or disability by reason of the failure to be qualified in any such jurisdiction; and each subsidiary of the Company organized under the laws of the United States representing 10% or more of the consolidated
earnings before income taxes and extraordinary items or consolidated total assets of the Company (each such subsidiary as set forth in Schedule III hereto, a &#147;<U>Significant Subsidiary</U>&#148;) has been duly incorporated and is validly
existing as a corporation under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation except where the failure to be so qualified or have such power and authority would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the business,
financial position, stockholders&#146; equity, or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Indenture (a &#147;<U>Material
Adverse Effect</U>&#148;). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(h)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in the
Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus, and all of the issued shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-assessable;</FONT> and all the
outstanding shares of capital stock or other equity interests of each Significant Subsidiary have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-assessable,</FONT> all outstanding shares of
capital stock or other interests of the Significant Subsidiaries are owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of any lien, charge, encumbrance, security interest, restriction on voting or transfer or any other claim of any third
party except those that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Securities have been duly authorized, and, when the Securities are issued and delivered pursuant
to this Agreement, such Securities will have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered and will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits provided by the Indenture; such Indenture has been
duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act and, at the Closing Date for any Securities, such Indenture will constitute a valid and legally binding obligation of the Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms; in each case, subject, as to
enforcement, to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, moratorium and other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors&#146; rights generally and to general principles of equity. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(j)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Indenture and this Agreement have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company.
</P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(k)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The issue and sale of the Securities and the
compliance by the Company with all of the provisions of the Securities, this Agreement and the Indenture, and the consummation of the transactions herein and therein contemplated will not conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of
the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any subsidiary is a party or by which the Company or any subsidiary is bound
or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any subsidiary is subject, except for such conflicts, breaches, violations or defaults as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, nor will such action
result in any violation of the provisions of (i)&nbsp;the articles of incorporation or bylaws or other organizational documents, as applicable, of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary or (ii)&nbsp;any statute or any order, rule or regulation of
any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company, any subsidiary or any of its respective properties, except, in the case of (ii)&nbsp;above, for such violations that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect; and no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any such court or governmental agency or body is required for the issue and sale of the Securities or the consummation by the Company
of the transactions contemplated by the Securities, this Agreement and the Indenture, except such as have been, or will have been prior to the time of delivery, obtained under the Act and in the case of Securities to be issued under an Indenture,
the Trust Indenture Act and such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications as may be required under state securities or Blue Sky laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Securities by the Underwriters.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(l)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Other than as set forth in the Prospectus and the Time of Sale Prospectus, there are no legal
or governmental proceedings pending to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject which would individually or in the aggregate be reasonably likely to
have a Material Adverse Effect; and, to the best of the Company&#146;s knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or threatened by others. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(m)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company and its subsidiaries own or possess, or can acquire on reasonable terms, all material
trademarks, service marks and trade names necessary to conduct the business now operated by them, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice of infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others with respect
to any trademarks, service marks or trade names that singly or in the aggregate, would be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(n)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company is not, and after giving effect to the issuance and sale of the Securities will not be
an &#147;investment company&#148; or an entity controlled by an &#147;investment company&#148; required to be registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(o)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To the best of the Company&#146;s knowledge and
belief, the Company has complied in all material respects with, and the conduct of its business and the conduct of business by its subsidiaries does not violate in any material respect, (i)&nbsp;any statute, law, regulation, rule, order or directive
of any federal, state or local governmental authority applicable to the Company and its subsidiaries or (ii)&nbsp;the articles of incorporation and bylaws or other organizational documents, as applicable, of the Company and its subsidiaries. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(p)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In light of its current operations, the Company and its subsidiaries are not required to register
as a savings and loan holding company under the applicable provisions of the Home Owners&#146; Loan Act, as amended. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(q)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company maintains an effective system of &#147;disclosure controls and procedures&#148; (as
defined in <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Rule&nbsp;13a-15(e)</FONT> of the Exchange Act) that is designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded,
processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission&#146;s rules and forms, including controls and procedures designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company&#146;s
management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. The Company and its subsidiaries have carried out evaluations of the effectiveness of their disclosure controls and procedures as required by <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Rule&nbsp;13a-15</FONT> of the Exchange Act. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(r)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company and its
subsidiaries maintain systems of &#147;internal control over financial reporting&#148; (as defined in <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Rule&nbsp;13a-15(f)</FONT> of the Exchange Act) that comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act and have
been designed by, or under the supervision of, their respective principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, including, but not limited to internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i)&nbsp;transactions
are executed in accordance with management&#146;s general or specific authorizations; (ii)&nbsp;transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to
maintain asset accountability; (iii)&nbsp;access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management&#146;s general or specific authorization; and (iv)&nbsp;the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at
reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Time of Sale Prospectus, there are no material weaknesses in the Company&#146;s internal
control </P>
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over financial reporting. The Company&#146;s auditors and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company have been advised of: (i)&nbsp;all significant deficiencies and material
weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company&#146;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (ii)&nbsp;any fraud,
whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company&#146;s internal control over financial reporting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(s)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;None of the Company or any of its subsidiaries nor, to the best knowledge of the Company, any
director, officer, agent, employee or other person associated with or acting on behalf of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has (i)&nbsp;used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expense
relating to political activity; (ii)&nbsp;made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee from corporate funds; (iii)&nbsp;violated or is in violation of any provision of the Foreign Corrupt
Practices Act of 1977; or (iv)&nbsp;made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(t)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The operations of the Company and its subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in
compliance in all material respects with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions, the rules and
regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the &#147;<U>Money Laundering Laws</U>&#148;) and no material action, suit or proceeding
by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(u)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;None of the Company, any of its subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the Company, any director,
officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury (&#147;<U>OFAC</U>&#148;, and such
sanctions, &#147;<U>Sanctions</U>&#148;), nor is the Company located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is the subject of Sanctions; and the Company does not intend to directly or indirectly use the proceeds of the offering of the
Securities hereunder, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person, or in any country or territory, that
is subject to any Sanctions. The Company and its subsidiaries have not knowingly engaged in for the past five years, and are not knowingly engaged in, any dealings or transactions with any individual or entity, or in any country or territory, that
at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject or target of Sanctions. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(v)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company has not taken, directly or
indirectly, any action designed to or that could reasonably be expected to cause or result in any stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Securities. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(w)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The application of the proceeds received by the Company from the issuance, sale and delivery of the
Securities as described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Time of Sale Prospectus will not violate Regulation T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other regulation of such Board of Governors.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(x)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company and its subsidiaries have taken commercially reasonable measures to maintain
protections against unauthorized access to, or disruption or failure of, their information technology systems. To the Company&#146;s knowledge, during the past twelve months, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries have been subject to any
material unauthorized access to their information technology systems or data maintained by them. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Purchase
and Sale</U>. Subject to the terms and conditions and in reliance upon the representations and warranties herein set forth, the Company agrees to sell to the several Underwriters as provided in this Agreement, and each Underwriter agrees, severally
and not jointly, to purchase from the Company the Securities at a purchase price of 99.246% of the principal amount thereof, the respective principal amounts of the Securities set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule I hereto.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Delivery and Payment</U>. Securities to be purchased by the Underwriters hereunder, in definitive form to
the extent practicable, and in such authorized denominations and registered in such names as the Representatives may request upon at least forty-eight hours&#146; prior notice to the Company, shall be delivered by or on behalf of the Company to the
Representatives for the respective accounts of the several Underwriters at the office of Sullivan&nbsp;&amp; Cromwell LLP, on August&nbsp;19, 2019 at 10:00 A.M., New York City time (or such later date not later than five business days after such
specified date as the Underwriters shall designate), which date and time may be postponed by agreement between the Representatives and the Company or as provided in Section&nbsp;8 hereof (such date and time of delivery and payment for the Securities
being herein called the &#147;<U>Closing Date</U>&#148;). Delivery of the Securities shall be made to the Representatives for the respective accounts of the several Underwriters against payment by or on behalf of such Underwriter of the purchase
price thereof in Federal (same day) funds by official bank check or checks to or upon the order of the Company or by wire transfer to an account specified by the Company. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Company agrees to have the Securities available for inspection, checking and packaging
by the Representatives in New York, New York, not later than 5:00&nbsp;P.M. on the business day prior to the Closing Date. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Agreements</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company agrees with each Underwriter that: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prior to the termination of the offering of the Securities, the Company will not file any amendment
or supplement to the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus or the Time of Sale Prospectus and will not provide additional information to the Commission relating to the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus or the Time of Sale
Prospectus unless the Company has furnished the Representatives a copy for its review and provided the Representatives with a reasonable opportunity to comment on such proposed amendment, supplement or information prior to filing or submitting the
same and will not file any such proposed amendment or supplement and will not submit such additional information to which the Representatives reasonably object. The Company will promptly advise the Representatives and will promptly confirm such
advice in writing (i)&nbsp;when the Prospectus shall have been filed (or transmitted for filing) with the Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424, (ii)&nbsp;when any amendment to the Registration Statement relating to the Securities shall have been
filed or become effective, (iii)&nbsp;of any request by the Commission for any amendment of the Registration Statement or amendment of or supplement to the Prospectus or for any additional information, (iv)&nbsp;of the issuance by the Commission of
any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any notice objecting to its use or the institution or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose and (v)&nbsp;of the receipt by the Company of any notification with
respect to the suspension of the qualification of Securities for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose. The Company will use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order and,
if issued, to obtain as soon as possible the withdrawal thereof. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;As soon as practicable but in
any event not later than twelve months after the deemed effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined in Rule&nbsp;158(c) under the Act), the Company will make generally available to its securityholders and to the Representatives a
consolidated earnings statement or statements of the Company and its subsidiaries (which need not be audited) which will satisfy the provisions of Section&nbsp;11(a) of the Act and the rules and regulations thereunder (including at the option of the
Company Rule&nbsp;158 under the Act). </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company will furnish to the Representatives
and counsel for the Underwriters, without charge, a signed copy of the Registration Statement (including exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference) and will deliver to the Representatives during the period mentioned in
Section&nbsp;4(a)(iv) or 4(a)(v) below, as many copies of the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Prospectus, any documents incorporated therein by reference therein and any supplements and amendments thereto or to the Registration Statement as the
Representatives may reasonably request. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iv)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If the Time of Sale Prospectus is being used to
solicit offers to buy the Securities at a time when the Prospectus is not yet available to prospective purchasers and any event shall occur or condition exist as a result of which it is necessary to amend or supplement the Time of Sale Prospectus in
order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or if any event shall occur or condition exist as a result of which the Time of Sale Prospectus conflicts with the information
contained in the Registration Statement then on file, or if, in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters, it is necessary to amend or supplement the Time of Sale Prospectus to comply with applicable law, forthwith to prepare, file with the
Commission and furnish, at its own expense, to the Underwriters and to any dealer upon request, either amendments or supplements to the Time of Sale Prospectus so that the statements in the Time of Sale Prospectus as so amended or supplemented will
not, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made when delivered to a prospective purchaser, be misleading or so that the Time of Sale Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, will no longer conflict with the Registration Statement,
or so that the Time of Sale Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, will comply with law. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(v)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If,
during such period after the first date of the public offering of the Securities as in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters the Prospectus (or in lieu thereof the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) is required by law to be
delivered in connection with sales by an Underwriter or dealer, any event shall occur or condition exist as a result of which it is necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made when the Prospectus (or in lieu thereof the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) is delivered to a purchaser, not misleading, or if, in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters, it is necessary
to amend or supplement the Prospectus to comply with applicable law, forthwith to prepare, file with the Commission and furnish, at its own expense, to the Underwriters and to the dealers (whose names and addresses you will furnish to the Company)
to which Securities may </P>
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have been sold by you and to any other dealers upon request, either amendments or supplements to the Prospectus so that the statements in the Prospectus as so amended or supplemented will not, in
the light of the circumstances under which they were made when the Prospectus (or in lieu thereof the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) is delivered to a purchaser, be misleading or so that the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented,
will comply with law. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(vi)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company will promptly from time to time arrange for the
qualification of the Securities for sale under the laws of such jurisdictions as the Representatives may reasonably designate, will maintain such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Securities, and will arrange
for the determination of the legality of the Securities for purchase by institutional investors; provided that in connection therewith the Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to execute a general consent to service
of process in any jurisdiction or to subject itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise subject. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(vii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company covenants and agrees with each Underwriter that the Company will pay or cause to be
paid the following: (i)&nbsp;the fees, disbursements and expenses of the Company&#146;s counsel and accountants in connection with the registration of the Securities under the Act in connection with the preparation, printing and filing of the
Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Prospectus and any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of, used by, or referred to by the Company and amendments and supplements to any of the
foregoing, including all printing costs associated therewith, and the mailing and delivering of copies thereof to the Underwriters and dealers, in the quantities hereinabove specified; (ii)&nbsp;the cost of printing or producing this Agreement, any
Blue Sky Survey, any Legal Investment Memoranda and any other documents in connection with the offering, purchase, sale and delivery of the Securities; (iii)&nbsp;all expenses in connection with the qualification of the Securities for offering and
sale under state securities and Blue Sky laws as provided in Section&nbsp;4(a)(vi) hereof, including any reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with such qualification and in connection with the Blue Sky and
legal investment surveys; (iv)&nbsp;all expenses related to any electronic roadshow; (v)&nbsp;any fees charged by securities rating services for rating the Securities; (vi)&nbsp;the cost of preparing the Securities; (vii)&nbsp;the fees and expenses
of any Trustee, Paying Agent or Transfer Agent and counsel for any such Trustee, Paying Agent or Transfer Agent in connection with the Securities; and (viii)&nbsp;all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder
which are not otherwise specifically provided for in this Section. It is understood, however, that, </P>
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except as provided in this Section, Section&nbsp;6 and Section&nbsp;7 hereof, the Underwriters will pay all of their own costs and expenses, including the fees of their counsel, transfer taxes on
resale of any of the Securities by them, and any advertising expenses connected with any offers they may make. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(viii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company will prepare the Prospectus as amended and supplemented in relation to the applicable
Securities in a form approved by the Representatives and will file such Prospectus pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b) under the Act not later than the Commission&#146;s close of business on the second business day following the execution and delivery of
this Agreement or, if applicable, such other time as may be required by Rule&nbsp;424(b), and file promptly, and (unless made available on the Commission&#146;s EDGAR database) simultaneously provide the Representatives and, upon request, each of
the other Underwriters, with a copy of, all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section&nbsp;13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act for so long as the
delivery (or in lieu thereof the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) of a prospectus is required in connection with the offering or sale of such Securities. The Company will prepare a final term sheet, containing solely a description of
the Securities, in a form approved by the Representatives and file such term sheet pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act within the time required by such Rule, and will file promptly all other material required to be filed by the Company with the
Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;433(d) under the Act. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ix)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;During a period of two years from the
date of the Basic Prospectus, provided the following are not available on the Commission&#146;s EDGAR database, to furnish to the Representatives copies of all reports or other communications (financial or other) furnished to stockholders, and
deliver to the Representatives and, upon request, each of the other Underwriters (i)&nbsp;as soon as they are available, copies of any reports and financial statements furnished to or filed with any national securities exchange on which the
Securities or any class of securities of the Company is listed (each such national securities exchange an &#147;<U>Exchange</U>&#148;) or, if requested by the Representatives, the Commission; and (ii)&nbsp;such additional information concerning the
business and financial condition of the Company as the Representatives may from time to time reasonably request (provided such financial statements and reports are otherwise furnished to its stockholders generally or to the Commission). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(x)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company has given the Representatives notice of any filings made pursuant to the Exchange Act or
the rules or regulations thereunder within 48 hours prior to the Applicable Time; the Company </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-13- </P>

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will give the Representatives notice of its intention to make any such filing from the time of each sale of the Securities to the Closing Date and will furnish the Representatives with copies of
any such documents a reasonable amount of time prior to such proposed filing and will not file or use any such document to which the Representatives or counsel for the Underwriters shall reasonably object. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(xi)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Until the business day following the Closing Date, the Company will not, without the consent of the
Representatives, offer, sell or contract to sell, or announce the offering of, any debt securities covered by the Registration Statement or any other registration statement filed under the Act. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Each Underwriter and the Company agree as follows: The Company agrees that, unless it has obtained
or will obtain the prior written consent of the Representatives, and each Underwriter agrees that, unless it has obtained or will obtain, as the case may be, the prior written consent of the Company, it has not made and will not make any offer
relating to the Securities that would constitute an issuer free writing prospectus as defined in Rule 433 (an &#147;<U>Issuer Free Writing Prospectus</U>&#148;) or that would otherwise constitute a free writing prospectus required to be filed by the
Company with the Commission or retained by the Company under Rule 433, other than the information contained in any final term sheet prepared and filed pursuant to Section&nbsp;4(a)(viii) hereto; <I>provided</I> that the prior written consent of the
parties hereto shall be deemed to have been given in respect of the free writing prospectuses, if any, included in Schedule II hereto. Any such free writing prospectus consented to by the Representatives and the Company is hereinafter referred to as
a &#147;<U>Permitted Free Writing Prospectus</U>&#148;. The Company agrees that (i)&nbsp;it has treated and will treat, as the case may be, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and (ii)&nbsp;it has complied and
will comply, as the case may be, with the requirements of Rules 164 and 433 applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing with the Commission, legending and record keeping. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Conditions to the Obligations of the Underwriters</U>. The obligation of each Underwriter to purchase the
Securities under this Agreement shall be subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company contained herein as of the date hereof, as of the date of the Time of Sale Prospectus, as of the date of the
effectiveness of any amendment to the Registration Statement filed prior to the Closing Date with respect to such Securities (including the filing of any document incorporated by reference therein) and as of the Closing Date with respect to such
Securities, to the accuracy of the statements of the Company made in any certificates pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder and to the following additional conditions: </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-14- </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the
Registration Statement, as amended from time to time, or<B> </B>any notice objecting to its use<B> </B>shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been instituted or threatened; all requests by the Commission for additional
information shall have been complied with to the satisfaction of the Underwriters; and the Prospectus with respect to such Securities shall have been filed or transmitted for filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b) not later than the
Commission&#146;s close of business on the second day following the execution and delivery of this Agreement or, if applicable, such other time as may be required by Rule&nbsp;424(b). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company shall have furnished to the Underwriters the opinion of Eric B. Wilmer, Esquire,
Assistant Vice President and Senior Counsel of the Company, dated the Closing Date, to the effect that: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company and each Significant Subsidiary of the Company has been duly incorporated and is a duly
existing corporation under the laws of its respective state of incorporation, with corporate power and authority to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus; and neither the Company
nor any such subsidiary is required to be qualified to do business as a foreign corporation in any other jurisdiction in which failure to so qualify would have a Material Adverse Effect; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(A) At the time of filing the Registration Statement,&nbsp;at the time of the most recent amendment
thereto for the purposes of complying with Section&nbsp;10(a)(3) of the Act (whether such amendment was by post-effective amendment, incorporated report filed pursuant to Section&nbsp;13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or form of prospectus), and at
the time the Company or any person acting on its behalf (within the meaning, for this clause only, of Rule 163(c) under the Act) made any offer relating to the Securities in reliance on the exemption of Rule 163 under the Act, the Company was a
&#147;well-known seasoned issuer&#148; as defined in Rule 405 under the Act; and (B)&nbsp;at the earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning
of Rule 164(h)(2)) of the Securities, the Company was not an &#147;ineligible issuer&#148; as defined in Rule 405 under the Act; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Securities have been duly authorized, executed, authenticated, issued and delivered; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iv)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Securities constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company entitled to the
benefits and security provided by the Indenture; and the Securities conform to the description thereof contained in the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus; </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-15- </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(v)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No consent, approval, authorization or order of,
or filing with, any governmental agency or body or any court is required for the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement in connection with the issuance or sale of the Securities by the Company, except such as have been
obtained and made under the Act and the Trust Indenture Act and such as may be required under state securities laws; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(vi)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The issue and sale of the Securities and the compliance by the Company with all of the provisions
of the Securities, this Agreement and the Indenture, and the consummation of the transactions herein and therein contemplated will not conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a default
under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which, to the knowledge of such counsel, the Company or any subsidiary is a party or by which the Company or any subsidiary is bound or to which any of
the property or assets of the Company or any subsidiary is subject, except for such conflicts, breaches, violations or defaults as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, nor will such action result in any
violation of the provisions of (i)&nbsp;the articles of incorporation or bylaws or other organizational documents, as applicable, of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary or (ii)&nbsp;any statute or any order, rule or regulation of any court or
governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company, any subsidiary or any of its respective properties, except, in the case of (ii)&nbsp;above, for such violations that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(vii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The descriptions in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus
and the Prospectus of legal and governmental proceedings and contracts and other documents and the descriptions of statutes in the section captioned &#147;Regulatory&#148; (or similar caption) in item 1 of the Company&#146;s most recently filed Form
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-K</FONT> are accurate in all material respects and fairly present the information required to be shown; no legal or governmental proceedings are required to be described in the Time of Sale Prospectus and the
Prospectus which are not described as required; and there are no contracts or documents of a character required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus or the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the
Registration Statement which are not described and filed as required; it being understood that such counsel need express no opinion as to the financial statements or other financial data contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale
Prospectus or the Prospectus; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(viii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Indenture and this Agreement have been duly authorized,
executed and delivered by the Company; and </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ix)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Except as described in the Time of Sale
Prospectus and the Prospectus, there is no action, suit or proceeding pending, nor to the best of such counsel&#146;s knowledge is there any action, suit or proceeding threatened, which might reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Effect or which is required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In rendering such opinion, such counsel shall
also state that although such counsel has not undertaken to determine independently, does not express an opinion as to, and does not assume any responsibility for, the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the statements contained in the
Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus or the Prospectus and has made no independent check or verification thereof (except for those referred to in the opinion in subsection (vii)&nbsp;of this Section&nbsp;5(b)), no facts have come to
such counsel&#146;s attention that have caused such counsel to believe that (i)&nbsp;any part of the Registration Statement, when such part became effective, or any further amendment thereto made by the Company prior to the date hereof (other than
the financial statements and the financial data and related schedules incorporated by reference or included therein or excluded therefrom and the exhibits to the Registration Statement, including the Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">T-1,</FONT>
as to which such counsel expresses no opinion or belief), contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading,
(ii)&nbsp;as of the Applicable Time, the Time of Sale Prospectus (other than the financial statements and financial data and related schedules incorporated by reference or included therein or excluded therefrom, or the exhibits to the Registration
Statement, including the Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">T-1,</FONT> as to which such counsel expresses no opinion or belief) contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or (iii)&nbsp;as of its date and the Closing Date, the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented or as amended or supplemented by any further amendment or
supplement thereto made by the Company prior to the date hereof (other than the financial statements and financial data and related schedules incorporated by reference or included therein or excluded therefrom, and the exhibits to the Registration
Statement, including the Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">T-1,</FONT> as to which such counsel expresses no opinion or belief) contained or contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or omits to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In addition,
solely for purposes of rendering the opinion referred to in (iii)&nbsp;above, such counsel may rely, as to matters of New York law, on the opinion of Wachtell Lipton Rosen&nbsp;&amp; Katz referred to below. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-17- </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Underwriters shall have received an opinion,
dated the Closing Date, of Wachtell Lipton Rosen&nbsp;&amp; Katz, counsel for the Company, in substantially the form attached hereto as Annex&nbsp;I. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Underwriters shall have received from Sullivan&nbsp;&amp; Cromwell LLP, counsel for the
Underwriters, such opinion or opinions, dated the Closing Date, with respect to the issuance and sale of the Securities, the Indenture, the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Prospectus and other related matters as the
Representatives may reasonably require, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as it requests for the purpose of enabling it to pass upon such matters. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company shall have furnished to the Underwriters a certificate of the Company, signed by the
Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, an Executive Vice President or a Senior Vice President and the principal financial or accounting officer of the Company, dated the Closing Date, to the effect that the signers of such certificate
have carefully examined the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Prospectus and this Agreement and that to the best of their knowledge after reasonable investigation: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct on and as
of the Closing Date, with the same effect as if made on the Closing Date, and the Company has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to the Closing Date; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, as amended, has been
issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or, to the Company&#146;s knowledge, threatened; and </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in
the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus, neither the Company nor any of its consolidated subsidiaries has sustained any material loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by
insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, and there has been no material adverse change nor any development involving a prospective material adverse change in the condition (financial or other), earnings,
business or properties of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, taken as a whole, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, except as set forth in or contemplated by the Time of Sale Prospectus and the
Prospectus. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-18- </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;At the time this Agreement is executed and at the
Closing Date, Ernst&nbsp;&amp; Young LLP, as independent accountants for the Company, shall have furnished to the Underwriters a letter or letters (which may refer to letters previously delivered to the Underwriters), dated such date, in
substantially the form attached hereto as Annex&nbsp;II. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(g)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Subsequent to the respective dates as
of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus, there shall not have occurred (i)&nbsp;any material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change, in
the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business or operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, from that set forth in the Time of Sale Prospectus or (ii)&nbsp;any material change or decrease in those items
specified in the letter or letters referred to in paragraph&nbsp;(f) of this Section&nbsp;5 the effect of which, in any case referred to in clause&nbsp;(i) or (ii)&nbsp;above, is, in the judgment of the Representatives, to make it impractical or
inadvisable to proceed with the offering or the delivery of the Securities as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus and the Prospectus. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(h)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall have furnished to the Underwriters such further
information, certificates and documents as the Underwriters may reasonably request. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; On or
after the Applicable Time and subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and prior to the Closing Date there shall not have occurred any downgrading, nor shall notice have been given of any intended or potential downgrading or
placement &#147;under review&#148; with negative implications or with no indication of the direction of the possible change of the rating accorded any securities of, or guaranteed by, the Company by any &#147;nationally recognized statistical rating
organization,&#148; as such term is defined for purposes of Section&nbsp;3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If any of the
conditions specified in this Section&nbsp;5 shall not have been fulfilled in all material respects when and as provided in this Agreement, or if any of the opinions and certificates mentioned above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall not be in all
material respects reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Representatives and counsel for the Underwriters, this Agreement and all obligations of the Underwriters hereunder may be canceled at, or at any time prior to, the Closing Date,
by the Representatives. Notice of such cancellation shall be given to the Company in writing or by telephone or telegraph confirmed in writing. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Reimbursement of Underwriters&#146; Expenses</U>. If the sale of the Securities provided for herein is not
consummated because any condition to the obligations of the Underwriters set forth in Section&nbsp;5 hereof is not satisfied, because of </P>
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any termination pursuant to Section&nbsp;9 hereof or because of any refusal, inability or failure on the part of the Company to perform any agreement herein or comply with any provision hereof
other than by reason of a default by the Underwriters, the Company will reimburse the Underwriters upon demand for all <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">out-of-pocket</FONT></FONT> expenses (including reasonable fees
and disbursements of counsel) that shall have been incurred by them in connection with the proposed purchase and sale of the Securities. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Indemnification and Contribution</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, each of such Underwriter&#146;s
directors, officers and affiliates, and each person who controls such Underwriter within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act against any and all losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which they or any of them may
become subject under the Act, the Exchange Act or other Federal or state statutory law or regulation, at common law or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon
any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus, any free writing prospectus that the Company has filed, or is required to file,
pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act, any other free writing prospectus (including, without limitation, any electronic road show) or the Prospectus, or in any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission
or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and agrees to reimburse each such indemnified party, as incurred, for any legal or other expenses incurred
by them in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; <I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>, that the Company will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or
liability arises out of or is based upon any such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made therein in reliance upon and in conformity with written information relating to any Underwriter or the underwriting
arrangements furnished to the Company through the Representatives expressly for use in the Time of Sale Prospectus, any free writing prospectus that the Company has filed, or is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act or the
Prospectus. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each
of its directors, each of its officers who signs the Registration Statement and each person who controls the Company within the meaning of either the Act or the Exchange Act to the same extent as the foregoing indemnity from the Company to each
Underwriter, but only with reference to written information relating to any Underwriter or the underwriting arrangements furnished to the Company through the Representatives expressly for </P>
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use in the documents referred to in the foregoing indemnity. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Underwriters may otherwise have. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under Section&nbsp;7(a) or Section&nbsp;7(b) of
notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under Section&nbsp;7(a) or Section&nbsp;7(b), notify the indemnifying party in writing of the
commencement thereof, but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party will not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under Section&nbsp;7(a) or Section&nbsp;7(b). In case any such action is
brought against any indemnified party, and it notifies the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate therein, and to the extent that it may elect by written notice delivered to the
indemnified party promptly after receiving the aforesaid notice from such indemnified party, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party; <I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>, that if the defendants in
any such action include both the indemnified party and the indemnifying party and the indemnified party shall have reasonably concluded that there may be legal defenses available to it and/or other indemnified parties which are different from or
additional to those available to the indemnifying party, the indemnified party or parties shall have the right to select separate counsel to assert such legal defenses and to otherwise participate in the defense of such action on behalf of such
indemnified party or parties. Upon receipt of notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so as to assume the defense of such action and approval by the indemnified party of counsel, the indemnifying party will not
be liable to such indemnified party under this Section&nbsp;7 for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof unless (i)&nbsp;the indemnified party shall have employed separate
counsel in connection with the assertion of legal defenses in accordance with the proviso to the next preceding sentence (it being understood, however, that the indemnifying party shall not be liable for the expenses of more than one separate
counsel (in addition to one local counsel in each applicable jurisdiction), approved by the Underwriters in the case of paragraph&nbsp;(a) of this Section&nbsp;7, representing the indemnified parties under such paragraph&nbsp;(a) who are parties to
such action), (ii)&nbsp;the indemnifying party shall not have employed counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party to represent the indemnified party within a reasonable time after notice of commencement of the action or (iii)&nbsp;the
indemnifying party has authorized the employment of counsel for the indemnified party at the expense of the indemnifying party; and except that, if clause&nbsp;(i) or (iii)&nbsp;is applicable, such liability shall be only in respect of the counsel
referred to in such clause&nbsp;(i) or (iii). The indemnifying party shall have the right to, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which any
indemnified party is or could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such </P>
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indemnified party so long as such settlement (i)&nbsp;is limited to the payment of monetary damages only, (ii)&nbsp;includes an unconditional release of the indemnified party from all liability
arising out of such proceeding and (iii)&nbsp;does not (x)&nbsp;include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party or (y)&nbsp;otherwise give rise to additional liabilities on
the part of the indemnified party. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If the indemnification provided for in this Section&nbsp;7
is unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under subsection&nbsp;(a) or (b)&nbsp;above in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to therein, then each indemnifying
party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received
by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters of the Securities on the other from the offering of the Securities to which such loss, claim, damage or liability (or action in respect thereof) relates. If, however, the allocation provided by the
immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law or if the indemnified party failed to give the notice required under subsection&nbsp;(c) above, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by such
indemnified party in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters of the Securities on the other in connection with the statements or
omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or action in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the
other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from such offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters. The relative
fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company on the one
hand or the Underwriters on the other and the parties&#146; relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and
equitable if contribution pursuant to this subsection&nbsp;(d) were determined by <U>pro</U> <U>rata</U> allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this
subsection&nbsp;(d). The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above in this subsection&nbsp;(d) shall be deemed to include any legal or
other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection&nbsp;(d), no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any
amount in excess of the amount by which the total price </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-22- </P>

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at which the applicable Securities underwritten by it and distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which each Underwriter has otherwise been required
to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section&nbsp;11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who
was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The obligations of the Underwriters for Securities in this subsection&nbsp;(d) to contribute are several in proportion to their respective obligations with respect to such Securities and not
joint. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">8.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Default by an Underwriter</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; If any Underwriter shall default in its obligation to purchase the Securities which it has agreed
to purchase under this Agreement, the Representatives may in their discretion arrange for the Representatives or another party or other parties to purchase such Securities on the terms contained herein. If within
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">thirty-six</FONT> hours after such default by any Underwriter, the Representatives do not arrange for the purchase of such Securities, then the Company shall be entitled to a further period of <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">thirty-six</FONT> hours within which to procure another party or other parties satisfactory to the Representatives to purchase such Securities on such terms. In the event that, within the respective prescribed period, the
Representatives notify the Company that it has so arranged for the purchase of such Securities, or the Company notifies the Representatives that it has so arranged for the purchase of such Securities, the Representatives or the Company shall have
the right to postpone the Closing Date for such Securities for a period of not more than five days, in order to effect whatever changes may thereby be made necessary in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus as amended or supplemented or in
any other documents or arrangements, and the Company agrees to file promptly any amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus which in the opinion of the counsel for the Underwriters may thereby be made necessary. The
term &#147;Underwriter&#148; as used in this Agreement shall include any person substituted under this Section&nbsp;8 with like effect as if such person had originally been a party to this Agreement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Securities of a defaulting
Underwriter or Underwriters by the Representatives and the Company as provided in subsection&nbsp;(a) above, the aggregate principal amount of such Securities which remains unpurchased does not exceed
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">one-eleventh</FONT> of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities, then the Company shall have the right to require each <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-defaulting</FONT> Underwriter to purchase the
principal amount of Securities which such Underwriter agreed to purchase under the Agreement and, in addition, to require each <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-defaulting</FONT> Underwriter to purchase its <U>pro</U> <U>rata</U> share (based on
the principal amount of Securities which such Underwriter agreed to purchase under this Agreement) of the Securities of such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters for which such arrangements have not been made; but nothing herein shall relieve a
defaulting Underwriter from liability for its default. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If, after giving effect to any arrangements for
the purchase of the Securities of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by the <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-defaulting</FONT> Underwriters and the Company as provided in subsection&nbsp;(a) above, the aggregate principal amount of
Securities which remains unpurchased exceeds <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">one-eleventh</FONT> of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities, as referred to in subsection&nbsp;(b) above, or if the Company shall not exercise the right
described in subsection&nbsp;(b) above to require <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-defaulting</FONT> Underwriters to purchase Securities of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters, then this Agreement shall thereupon terminate, without
liability on the part of any <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-defaulting</FONT> Underwriter or the Company, except that the Company will continue to be liable for the payment of expenses as set forth in Section&nbsp;6 hereof and except that the
provisions of Section&nbsp;7 hereof shall not terminate and shall remain in effect; but nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability for its default. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">9.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Termination</U>. This Agreement shall be subject to termination in the absolute discretion of the
Representatives, by notice given to the Company prior to delivery of and payment for the Securities on the Closing Date, if prior to such time (i)&nbsp;trading in the Company&#146;s common stock or any preferred stock or preferred securities shall
have been suspended or materially limited by the Commission or the Exchange or trading in securities generally on the Exchange shall have been suspended or limited or minimum prices shall have been established on such Exchange, (ii)&nbsp;a banking
moratorium shall have been declared either by Federal or New York State authorities or (iii)&nbsp;there shall have occurred any outbreak or escalation of hostilities or any change in markets in the United States or elsewhere or any calamity or
crisis that, in the judgment of the Underwriters, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering or the delivery of the Securities on the Closing Date, as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Prospectus
and the Prospectus. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">10.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Representations and Indemnities to Survive</U>. The respective agreements,
representations, warranties, indemnities and other statements of the Company or its officers and of the Underwriters set forth in or made pursuant to this Agreement will remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on
behalf of any Underwriter or the Company or any of the officers, directors or controlling persons referred to in Section&nbsp;7 hereof, and will survive delivery of and payment for the Securities. The provisions of Sections 6 and 7 hereof shall
survive the termination or cancellation of this Agreement. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">11.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Recognition of the U.S. Special Resolution
Regimes</U>. (a)&nbsp;In the event that any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer from such Underwriter of this Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or
under this Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws of the United States or a state
of the United States. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In the event that any Underwriter that is a
Covered Entity or a BHC Act Affiliate of such Underwriter becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under this Agreement that may be exercised against such Underwriter are permitted to be exercised to no
greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; For purposes of this Section&nbsp;11: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#147;<U>BHC Act Affiliate</U>&#148; has the meaning assigned to the term &#147;affiliate&#148; in,
and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. &#167; 1841(k); </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#147;<U>Covered
Entity</U>&#148; means any of the following: (A)&nbsp;a &#147;covered entity&#148; as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &#167; 252.82(b); (B) a &#147;covered bank&#148; as that term is defined in, and interpreted
in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &#167; 47.3(b); or (C)&nbsp;a &#147;covered FSI&#148; as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &#167; 382.2(b); </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#147;<U>Default Right</U>&#148; has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be
interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &#167;&#167; 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable; and </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:9%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iv)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#147;<U>U.S. Special Resolution Regime</U>&#148; means each of (i)&nbsp;the Federal Deposit
Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii)&nbsp;Title II of the Dodd- Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">12.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Notices</U>. All communications hereunder will be in writing and effective only on receipt, and, if sent to the
Underwriters, will be mailed, delivered, telecopied or telegraphed and confirmed to the Underwriters, c/o J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, 383 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10179, Attention: Investment Grade Syndicate Desk &#150; 3rd Floor
(facsimile: (212) <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">834-6081);</FONT> Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, 550 South Tryon Street, 5th Floor, Charlotte, North Carolina 28202, Attention: Transaction Management (facsimile: (704)
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">410-0326);</FONT> and BNP Paribas Securities Corp., 787 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York 10019, Attention: Syndicate Desk (email: new.york.syndicate@bnpparibas.com). Notices sent to the Company, will be mailed,
delivered, telecopied or telegraphed to and confirmed to it at Lincoln National Corporation, 150 N. Radnor Chester Road, Radnor, Pennsylvania 19087, facsimile number (484) <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">583-1421,</FONT> attention of the Legal
Department. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-25- </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In accordance with the requirements of the USA Patriot Act (Title III of Pub. L. <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">107-56</FONT> (signed into law October&nbsp;26, 2001)), the Underwriters are required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies their respective clients, including the Company, which information may include
the name and address of their respective clients, as well as other information that will allow the Underwriters to properly identify their respective clients. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">13.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Authority of the Representatives</U>. The Representatives will act for the several Underwriters in connection
with this Agreement, and any action under this Agreement taken by the Representatives shall be binding upon all the Underwriters. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">14.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Successors</U>. This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their
respective successors and the officers and directors and controlling persons referred to in Section&nbsp;7 hereof, and no other person will have any right or obligation hereunder. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">15.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Entire Agreement</U>. (a)&nbsp;This Agreement, together with any contemporaneous written agreements and any
prior written agreements (to the extent not superseded by this Agreement) that relate to the offering of the Securities, represents the entire agreement between the Company and the Underwriters with respect to the preparation of any preliminary
prospectus, the Time of Sale Prospectus, the Prospectus, the conduct of the offering and the purchase and sale of the Securities. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company acknowledges that in connection with the offering of the Securities: (i)&nbsp;each of
the Underwriters has acted at arm&#146;s length and is not an agent of, and owes no fiduciary duties to, the Company or any other person, (ii)&nbsp;the Underwriters owe the Company only those duties and obligations set forth in this Agreement and
prior written agreements (to the extent not superseded by this Agreement), if any, and (iii)&nbsp;the Underwriters may have interests that differ from those of the Company. The Company waives to the full extent permitted by applicable law any claims
it may have against the Underwriters arising from an alleged breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the offering of the Securities. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">16.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Counterparts</U>. This Agreement may be signed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be an original,
with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon the same instrument. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">17.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Headings</U>.
The headings of the sections of this Agreement have been inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be deemed a part of this Agreement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">18.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Choice of Law.</U> This Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of
New York. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">[<I>signature page follows</I>] </P>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="87%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">Very truly yours,</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="3"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">Lincoln National Corporation</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">By:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Christopher A. Giovanni</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Name:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Christopher A. Giovanni</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Title:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Senior Vice President and Treasurer</TD></TR>
</TABLE></DIV> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Accepted as of the date hereof: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">J.P. Morgan Securities LLC </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Acting on behalf of itself and as
Representative of the several Underwriters. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">By:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Som Bhattacharyya</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Name:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Som Bhattacharyya</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Title:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Executive Director</TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Wells Fargo Securities, LLC </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Acting on behalf of itself and as Representative of the several Underwriters. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="40%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">


<TR>

<TD WIDTH="13%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="86%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">By:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Carolyn Hurley</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Name:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Carolyn Hurley</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Title:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Director</TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">BNP Paribas Securities Corp. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Acting on behalf of itself and as Representative of the several Underwriters. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR>

<TD WIDTH="13%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="86%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">By:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Simon Mayes</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Name:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Simon Mayes</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Title:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Managing Director</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>SCHEDULE I </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="68%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


<TR>

<TD WIDTH="81%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="6%"></TD>
<TD></TD>
<TD></TD>
<TD></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom" NOWRAP> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000; display:table-cell; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Underwriter</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" COLSPAN="2" ALIGN="center" STYLE="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000">Principal&nbsp;Amount<BR>of&nbsp;Securities&nbsp;due&nbsp;to<BR>be Purchased</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>


<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">J.P. Morgan Securities LLC</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">$</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">125,000,000</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Wells Fargo Securities, LLC</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">125,000,000</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">BNP Paribas Securities Corp.</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">100,000,000</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">HSBC Securities (USA) Inc.</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">100,000,000</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">BofA Securities, Inc.</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">50,000,000</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1px; ">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><U>Total</U></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">$</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">500,000,000</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1px; ">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>SCHEDULE II </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Free Writing Prospectuses </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Final Term Sheet, dated August&nbsp;12, 2019, in the form set forth in Annex III hereto. </P>
</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>SCHEDULE III </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Significant Subsidiaries </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Lincoln&nbsp;National&nbsp;Life Insurance Company. </P>
</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right">Annex I </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">FORM OF OPINION OF WACHTELL LIPTON ROSEN&nbsp;&amp; KATZ </P>
</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right">Annex II </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">FORM OF COMFORT LETTER </P>
</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right">Annex III </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD WIDTH="32%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Final Term Sheet</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">To preliminary
prospectus supplement</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">dated August&nbsp;12, 2019</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(To
prospectus dated September&nbsp;29, 2017)</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">Filed pursuant to Rule 433<BR>Registration number <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">333-220731</FONT><BR>August&nbsp;12, 2019</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


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<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="24%"></TD>

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<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="24%"></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="7" ALIGN="center">


<IMG SRC="g792449img001.jpg" ALT="LOGO">
</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="7"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="7" ALIGN="center"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">Lincoln National Corporation<BR>$500,000,000 3.050% SENIOR NOTES DUE 2030</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">Final Term Sheet, dated August&nbsp;12, 2019</P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD WIDTH="48%"></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Issuer:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Lincoln National Corporation</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Title of Securities:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">3.050% Senior Notes due 2030 (the &#147;Notes&#148;)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Security Type:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Senior Unsecured Fixed Rate Notes</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Format:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">SEC Registered</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Trade Date:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">August&nbsp;12, 2019</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Settlement Date (T+5)*:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">August&nbsp;19, 2019</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Maturity Date:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">January&nbsp;15, 2030</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Aggregate Principal Amount Offered:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">$500,000,000</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Price to the Public (Issue Price):</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">99.896% of the principal amount of the Notes, plus accrued interest, if any, from and including August&nbsp;19, 2019, if settlement occurs after that date</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Net Proceeds (Before Expenses):</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">$496,230,000, plus accrued interest, if any, from and including August&nbsp;19, 2019, if settlement occurs after that date</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Benchmark Treasury:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">UST 1.625% due August&nbsp;15, 2029</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Benchmark Treasury Yield:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">1.642%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Spread to Benchmark Treasury:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Treasury Rate plus 142 basis points</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Re-offer</FONT> Yield:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">3.062%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Coupon:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">3.050% per annum</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Interest Payment Dates:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Semi-annually in arrears on each January&nbsp;15 and July&nbsp;15, commencing on January&nbsp;15, 2020</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Optional Redemption:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">At any time and from time to time prior to October&nbsp;15, 2029 (the &#147;Par Call Date&#148;), the Notes will be redeemable at our option, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to the greater of 100% of the principal
amount of the Notes to be redeemed and as determined by the quotation agent, the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments</TD></TR></TABLE>
</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">

 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right">Annex III </P> <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


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<TD WIDTH="48%"></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">of principal and interest on the Notes to be redeemed that would be due if such Notes matured on the Par Call Date (not including any portion
of such payments of interest accrued to the date of redemption) discounted to the redemption date on a semi-annual basis (assuming a <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">360-day</FONT> year consisting of twelve
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">30-day</FONT> months) at the Adjusted treasury rate, plus 25 basis points.</P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">At any time and from time to time on or after the Par Call Date, the Notes will be redeemable at our option, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal
to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest to but excluding the date of redemption.</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">CUSIP/ISIN:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">534187BJ7 / US534187BJ76</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Ratings** (expected):</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Baa1/Stable (Moody&#146;s) / <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">A-/Stable</FONT> (S&amp;P) / BBB+/Positive (Fitch)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Denominations:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">$2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Joint Book-Running Managers:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">J.P. Morgan Securities LLC</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Wells Fargo
Securities, LLC</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">BNP Paribas Securities Corp.</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">HSBC Securities
(USA) Inc.</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">BofA Securities, Inc.</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The issuer has filed a registration statement (including a prospectus) with the SEC for the offering to which this
communication relates. Before you invest, you should read the prospectus in that registration statement and other documents the issuer has filed with the SEC for more complete information about the issuer and this offering. You may get these
documents for free by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Web site at www.sec.gov. Alternatively, the issuer, any underwriter or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the prospectus if you request it by calling J.P. Morgan
Securities LLC collect at <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">1-212-834-4533;</FONT></FONT></FONT> Wells Fargo Securities, LLC toll-free at <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">1-800-645-3751</FONT></FONT></FONT> or BNP Paribas Securities Corp. toll-free at
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">1-800-854-5674.</FONT></FONT></FONT> </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">*</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">It is expected that delivery of the notes will be made against payment therefor on or about August&nbsp;19,
2019, which is five business days following the date of pricing of the notes (this settlement cycle being referred to as &#147;T+5&#148;). Under Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">15c6-1</FONT> of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,
trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in two business days, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade their notes on the date of pricing or the next two
succeeding business days will be required, by virtue of the fact that the notes initially will settle in T+5, to specify an alternate settlement cycle at the time of any such trade to prevent a failed settlement. Purchasers of notes who wish to
trade their notes on the date of pricing should consult their own advisor. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">**</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">An explanation of the significance of ratings may be obtained from the rating agencies. Generally, rating
agencies base their ratings on such material and information, and such of their own investigations, studies and assumptions, as they deem appropriate. The ratings of the notes </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
</DIV></Center>


<p Style='page-break-before:always'>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">


<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">

 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right">Annex III </P> <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="2%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top">
should be evaluated independently from similar ratings of other securities. A credit rating of a security is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and may be subject to review,
revision, suspension, reduction or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating agency. </TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any disclaimers or other notices that may appear
below are not applicable to this communication and should be disregarded.&nbsp;Such disclaimers or other notices were automatically generated as a result of this communication being sent via Bloomberg or another email system. </P>
</DIV></Center>

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<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>lnc-20190812.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION SCHEMA
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii"?>
<!-- DFIN - https://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- CTU Version: Addin 62.6.3 - Release 2019.1 -->
<!-- Creation date: 8/16/2019 4:51:56 PM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2019 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<xsd:schema
  xmlns:nonnum="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric"
  xmlns:num="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric"
  xmlns:us-types="http://fasb.org/us-types/2019-01-31"
  xmlns:lnc="http://lfg.com/20190812"
  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31"
  xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
  xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt"
  xmlns:sic="http://xbrl.sec.gov/sic/2011-01-31"
  attributeFormDefault="unqualified"
  elementFormDefault="qualified"
  targetNamespace="http://lfg.com/20190812"
  xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric-2009-12-16.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/nonNumeric-2009-12-16.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://xbrl.sec.gov/sic/2011/sic-2011-01-31.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/sic/2011-01-31" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/naics/2017/naics-2017-01-31.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/naics/2017-01-31" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" />
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      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="lnc-20190812_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:title="Presentation Links, all" xlink:type="simple" />
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://lfg.com//20190812/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" id="Role_DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation">
        <link:definition>100000 - Document - Document and Entity Information</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
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</xsd:schema>
</XBRL>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>lnc-20190812_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii" standalone="yes"?>
<!-- DFIN - https://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- CTU Version: Addin 62.6.3 - Release 2019.1 -->
<!-- Creation date: 8/16/2019 4:51:56 PM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2019 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<link:linkbase
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:labelLink xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Amendment Flag</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" />
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Document Type</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Period End Date</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" />
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Written Communications</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Soliciting Material</link:label>
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<DOCUMENT>
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  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31"
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    <link:schemaRef xlink:href="lnc-20190812.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
    <context id="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0000059558</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2019-08-12</startDate>
            <endDate>2019-08-12</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName
      contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12"
      id="Hidden_dei_EntityRegistrantName">LINCOLN NATIONAL CORP</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <dei:AmendmentFlag contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">false</dei:AmendmentFlag>
    <dei:EntityCentralIndexKey
      contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12"
      id="Hidden_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">0000059558</dei:EntityCentralIndexKey>
    <dei:DocumentType contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">8-K</dei:DocumentType>
    <dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">2019-08-12</dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate>
    <dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">IN</dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode>
    <dei:EntityFileNumber contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">1-6028</dei:EntityFileNumber>
    <dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">35-1140070</dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber>
    <dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1 contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">150 N. Radnor Chester Road</dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1>
    <dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">Radnor</dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown>
    <dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">PA</dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince>
    <dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">19087</dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode>
    <dei:CityAreaCode contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">(484)</dei:CityAreaCode>
    <dei:LocalPhoneNumber contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">583-1400</dei:LocalPhoneNumber>
    <dei:WrittenCommunications contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">false</dei:WrittenCommunications>
    <dei:SolicitingMaterial contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">false</dei:SolicitingMaterial>
    <dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">false</dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer>
    <dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">false</dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer>
    <dei:Security12bTitle contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">Common Stock</dei:Security12bTitle>
    <dei:TradingSymbol contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">LNC</dei:TradingSymbol>
    <dei:SecurityExchangeName contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">NYSE</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
    <dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany contextRef="d_2019-08-12_to_2019-08-12">false</dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6627181952">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 12, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">LINCOLN NATIONAL CORP<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000059558<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Aug. 12,  2019<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">IN<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">1-6028<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">35-1140070<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">150 N. Radnor Chester Road<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Radnor<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">PA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">19087<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(484)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">583-1400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Security 12b Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">LNC<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
