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Shares and Stockholders' Equity | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2019
Shares and Stockholders' Equity [Abstract] |
Shares and Stockholders' Equity | 15. Shares and Stockholders’ Equity Common Shares The changes in our common stock (number of shares) were as follows:
| For the Years Ended December 31, |
| 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Common Stock |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance as of beginning-of-year | 205,862,760 |  | 218,090,114 |  | 226,335,105 |
Stock issued for exercise of warrants | 258,633 |  | 212,670 |  | 344,901 |
Stock compensation/issued for benefit plans | 942,318 |  | 800,325 |  | 1,793,234 |
Retirement/cancellation of shares | (10,395,179 | ) | (13,240,349 | ) | (10,383,126 | )
Balance as of end-of-year | 196,668,532 |  | 205,862,760 |  | 218,090,114 |
Common Stock as of End-of-Year |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic basis | 196,668,532 |  | 205,862,760 |  | 218,090,114 |
Diluted basis | 199,196,043 |  | 209,034,686 |  | 221,309,830 |
Our common stock is without par value. Average Shares A reconciliation of the denominator (number of shares) in the calculations of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share was as follows:
| For the Years Ended December 31, |
| 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Weighted-average shares, as used in basic calculation | 200,608,737 |  | 215,936,448 |  | 222,128,687 |
Shares to cover exercise of outstanding warrants | 58,765 |  | 568,602 |  | 761,353 |
Shares to cover non-vested stock | 973,901 |  | 1,534,142 |  | 1,626,908 |
Average stock options outstanding during the year | 1,507,049 |  | 1,739,029 |  | 2,360,372 |
Assumed acquisition of shares with assumed proceeds |  |  |  |  |  |
from exercising outstanding warrants | (9,594 | ) | (81,260 | ) | (109,034 | )
Assumed acquisition of shares with assumed |  |  |  |  |  |
proceeds and benefits from exercising stock |  |  |  |  |  |
options (at average market price for the year) | (1,033,507 | ) | (1,074,406 | ) | (1,414,857 | )
Shares repurchasable from measured but |  |  |  |  |  |
unrecognized stock option expense | (217 | ) | (14,600 | ) | (53,241 | )
Average deferred compensation shares | - |  | 944,151 |  | 920,792 |
Weighted-average shares, as used in diluted calculation | 202,105,134 |  | 219,552,106 |  | 226,220,980 |
In the event the average market price of LNC common stock exceeds the issue price of stock options and the options have a dilutive effect to our EPS, such options will be shown in the table above. We have participants in our deferred compensation plans who selected LNC stock as the measure for the investment return attributable to all or a portion of their deferral amounts. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the effect of settling this obligation in LNC stock (“equity classification”) was more dilutive than the scenario of settling in cash (“liability classification”). Therefore, for our EPS calculation for these periods, we added these shares to the denominator and adjusted the numerator to present net income as if the shares had been accounted for under equity classification by removing the mark-to-market adjustment included in net income attributable to these deferred units of LNC stock. The amount of this adjustment was $18 million and $(7) million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, we had no outstanding warrants. The remaining outstanding warrants issued in 2009, each representing the right to purchase one share of our common stock, expired on July 10, 2019. AOCI The following summarizes the components and changes in AOCI (in millions):
| For the Years Ended December 31, |
| 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on AFS Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance as of beginning-of-year | $ | 557 |  | $ | 3,486 |  | $ | 1,784 |
Cumulative effect from adoption of new accounting standards |  | - |  |  | 674 |  |  | - |
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the year |  | 9,267 |  |  | (6,274 | ) |  | 3,032 |
Change in foreign currency exchange rate adjustment |  | 46 |  |  | (107 | ) |  | 134 |
Change in DAC, VOBA, DSI, future contract benefits and other contract holder funds |  | (2,462 | ) |  | 1,748 |  |  | (705 | )
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | (1,457 | ) |  | 981 |  |  | (797 | )
Less: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) included in net income (loss) |  | (28 | ) |  | (42 | ) |  | (39 | )
Associated amortization of DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL |  | (12 | ) |  | (20 | ) |  | (20 | )
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | 8 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 21 |
Balance as of end-of-year | $ | 5,983 |  | $ | 557 |  | $ | 3,486 |
Unrealized OTTI on AFS Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance as of beginning-of-year | $ | 33 |  | $ | 44 |  | $ | 25 |
(Increases) attributable to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cumulative effect from adoption of new accounting standards |  | - |  |  | 9 |  |  | - |
Gross OTTI recognized in OCI during the year |  | (16 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |
Change in DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL |  | 1 |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | 3 |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Decreases attributable to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Changes in fair value, sales, maturities or other settlements of AFS securities |  | 31 |  |  | (19 | ) |  | 34 |
Change in DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL |  | (1 | ) |  | (6 | ) |  | (5 | )
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | (6 | ) |  | 5 |  |  | (10 | )
Balance as of end-of-year | $ | 45 |  | $ | 33 |  | $ | 44 |
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance as of beginning-of-year | $ | 139 |  | $ | (29 | ) | $ | 49 |
Cumulative effect from adoption of new accounting standard |  | - |  |  | (6 | ) |  | - |
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the year |  | (93 | ) |  | 144 |  |  | 27 |
Change in foreign currency exchange rate adjustment |  | (52 | ) |  | 111 |  |  | (137 | )
Change in DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL |  | (4 | ) |  | (13 | ) |  | 2 |
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | 31 |  |  | (51 | ) |  | 38 |
Less: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) included in net income (loss) |  | 42 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 13 |
Associated amortization of DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL |  | (1 | ) |  | (2 | ) |  | (1 | )
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | (9 | ) |  | (5 | ) |  | (4 | )
Balance as of end-of-year | $ | (11 | ) | $ | 139 |  | $ | (29 | )
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance as of beginning-of-year | $ | (23 | ) | $ | (14 | ) | $ | (27 | )
Foreign currency translation adjustment arising during the year |  | 6 |  |  | (9 | ) |  | 13 |
Balance as of end-of-year | $ | (17 | ) | $ | (23 | ) | $ | (14 | )
Funded Status of Employee Benefit Plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance as of beginning-of-year | $ | (299 | ) | $ | (257 | ) | $ | (265 | )
Cumulative effect from adoption of new accounting standard |  | - |  |  | (35 | ) |  | - |
Adjustment arising during the year |  | (20 | ) |  | (12 | ) |  | 18 |
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | (8 | ) |  | 5 |  |  | (10 | )
Balance as of end-of-year | $ | (327 | ) | $ | (299 | ) | $ | (257 | )
‎ The following summarizes the reclassifications out of AOCI (in millions) and the associated line item in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss):
| For the Years Ended December 31, |  |
| 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on AFS Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross reclassification | $ | (28 | ) |  | $ | (42 | ) |  | $ | (39 | ) | Total realized gain (loss)
Associated amortization of DAC, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
VOBA, DSI and DFEL |  | (12 | ) |  |  | (20 | ) |  |  | (20 | ) | Total realized gain (loss)
Reclassification before income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Income (loss) from continuing
tax benefit (expense) |  | (40 | ) |  |  | (62 | ) |  |  | (59 | ) | operations before taxes
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | 8 |  |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | 21 |  | Federal income tax expense (benefit)
Reclassification, net of income tax | $ | (32 | ) |  | $ | (49 | ) |  | $ | (38 | ) | Net income (loss)
Unrealized OTTI on AFS Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross reclassification | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 5 |  | Total realized gain (loss)
Change in DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1 | ) | Total realized gain (loss)
Reclassification before income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Income (loss) from continuing
tax benefit (expense) |  | 4 |  |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | 4 |  | operations before taxes
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | (1 | ) |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (1 | ) | Federal income tax expense (benefit)
Reclassification, net of income tax | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 3 |  | Net income (loss)
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross reclassifications: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 4 |  | Net investment income
Interest rate contracts |  | (5 | ) |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | (18 | ) | Interest and debt expense
Foreign currency contracts |  | 35 |  |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | 18 |  | Net investment income
Foreign currency contracts |  | 9 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 9 |  | Total realized gain (loss)
Total gross reclassifications |  | 42 |  |  |  | 24 |  |  |  | 13 |  |
Associated amortization of DAC, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
VOBA, DSI and DFEL |  | (1 | ) |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (1 | ) | Commissions and other expenses
Reclassifications before income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Income (loss) from continuing
tax benefit (expense) |  | 41 |  |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | 12 |  | operations before taxes
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | (9 | ) |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | (4 | ) | Federal income tax expense (benefit)
Reclassifications, net of income tax | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 8 |  | Net income (loss)

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