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Fair Value Measurements | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] |
Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., an exit price) on the measurement date in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Accounting standards include disclosure requirements around fair values used for certain financial instruments and establish a fair value hierarchy. The hierarchy prioritizes valuation inputs into three levels based on the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair value are observable in the market. Each fair value measurement is reported in one of three levels: •Level 1 – Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; •Level 2 – Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and •Level 3 – Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions. When available, we use quoted market prices to determine the fair value of our financial assets. If quoted market prices are not available, we measure fair value using valuation techniques that use, when possible, current market-based or independently-sourced market parameters, such as interest rates and currency rates. We utilize the market approach to measure the fair value of our financial assets. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets. Our short-term investments, restricted cash and restricted short-term investments classified as Level 2 utilize significant observable inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, for valuation of these securities. No changes in valuation techniques or inputs occurred during the year ended December 31, 2023. Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below (in millions):
| Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2023
| Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Short-term investments (1), (2): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 818 |  |  | $ | 818 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Corporate obligations | 4,046 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,046 |  |  | — |
Bank notes/certificates of deposit/time deposits | 1,586 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,586 |  |  | — |
Repurchase agreements | 450 |  |  | — |  |  | 450 |  |  | — |
U.S. government and agency obligations | 100 |  |  | — |  |  | 100 |  |  | — |
| 7,000 |  |  | 818 |  |  | 6,182 |  |  | — |
Restricted cash and short-term investments (1), (3) | 910 |  |  | 459 |  |  | 451 |  |  | — |
Long-term investments (4) | 163 |  |  | 163 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 8,073 |  |  | $ | 1,440 |  |  | $ | 6,633 |  |  | $ | — |
| Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2022
| Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Short-term investments (1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 732 |  |  | $ | 732 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Corporate obligations | 3,688 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,688 |  |  | — |
Bank notes/certificates of deposit/time deposits | 3,655 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,655 |  |  | — |
Repurchase agreements | 450 |  |  | — |  |  | 450 |  |  | — |
| 8,525 |  |  | 732 |  |  | 7,793 |  |  | — |
Restricted cash and short-term investments (1), (3) | 995 |  |  | 535 |  |  | 460 |  |  | — |
Long-term investments (4) | 245 |  |  | 245 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 9,765 |  |  | $ | 1,512 |  |  | $ | 8,253 |  |  | $ | — |
(1)All short-term investments are classified as available-for-sale and stated at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss at each reporting period. There were no credit losses. (2)Our short-term investments as of December 31, 2023 mature in one year or less. (3)Restricted cash and short-term investments primarily include collateral held to support workers' compensation obligations and collateral associated with the payment of interest for the AAdvantage Financing. Restricted short-term investments mature in one year or less except for $218 million as of December 31, 2023. (4)Long-term investments include our equity investments in China Southern Airlines Company Limited (China Southern Airlines), GOL and Vertical Aerospace Ltd. (Vertical). See Note 8 for further information on our equity investments. Fair Value of Debt The fair value of our long-term debt was estimated using quoted market prices or discounted cash flow analyses based on our current estimated incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements. If our long-term debt was measured at fair value, it would have been classified as Level 2 except for $3.7 billion as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, which would have been classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the Convertible Notes, which would have been classified as Level 2, was $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The carrying value and estimated fair value of our long-term debt, including current maturities, were as follows (in millions):
| December 31, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
| Carrying Value |  | Fair Value |  | Carrying Value |  | Fair Value
Long-term debt, including current maturities | $ | 32,396 |  |  | $ | 32,310 |  |  | $ | 34,903 |  |  | $ | 32,569 |
American Airlines, Inc. |
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] |
Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., an exit price) on the measurement date in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Accounting standards include disclosure requirements around fair values used for certain financial instruments and establish a fair value hierarchy. The hierarchy prioritizes valuation inputs into three levels based on the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair value are observable in the market. Each fair value measurement is reported in one of three levels: •Level 1 – Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; •Level 2 – Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and •Level 3 – Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions. When available, American uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of its financial assets. If quoted market prices are not available, American measures fair value using valuation techniques that use, when possible, current market-based or independently-sourced market parameters, such as interest rates and currency rates. American utilizes the market approach to measure the fair value of its financial assets. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets. American’s short-term investments, restricted cash and restricted short-term investments classified as Level 2 utilize significant observable inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, for valuation of these securities. No changes in valuation techniques or inputs occurred during the year ended December 31, 2023. Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below (in millions):
| Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2023
| Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Short-term investments (1), (2): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 817 |  |  | $ | 817 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Corporate obligations | 4,046 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,046 |  |  | — |
Bank notes/certificates of deposit/time deposits | 1,585 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,585 |  |  | — |
Repurchase agreements | 450 |  |  | — |  |  | 450 |  |  | — |
U.S. government and agency obligations | 100 |  |  | — |  |  | 100 |  |  | — |
| 6,998 |  |  | 817 |  |  | 6,181 |  |  | — |
Restricted cash and short-term investments (1), (3) | 910 |  |  | 459 |  |  | 451 |  |  | — |
Long-term investments (4) | 163 |  |  | 163 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 8,071 |  |  | $ | 1,439 |  |  | $ | 6,632 |  |  | $ | — |
| Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2022
| Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Short-term investments (1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 731 |  |  | $ | 731 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Corporate obligations | 3,688 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,688 |  |  | — |
Bank notes/certificates of deposit/time deposits | 3,654 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,654 |  |  | — |
Repurchase agreements | 450 |  |  | — |  |  | 450 |  |  | — |
| 8,523 |  |  | 731 |  |  | 7,792 |  |  | — |
Restricted cash and short-term investments (1), (3) | 995 |  |  | 535 |  |  | 460 |  |  | — |
Long-term investments (4) | 245 |  |  | 245 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 9,763 |  |  | $ | 1,511 |  |  | $ | 8,252 |  |  | $ | — |
(1)All short-term investments are classified as available-for-sale and stated at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss at each reporting period. There were no credit losses. (2)American’s short-term investments as of December 31, 2023 mature in one year or less. (3)Restricted cash and short-term investments primarily include collateral held to support workers' compensation obligations and collateral associated with the payment of interest for the AAdvantage Financing. Restricted short-term investments mature in one year or less except for $218 million as of December 31, 2023. (4)Long-term investments include American's equity investments in China Southern Airlines Company Limited (China Southern Airlines), GOL and Vertical Aerospace Ltd. (Vertical). See Note 7 for further information on American’s equity investments. Fair Value of Debt The fair value of American’s long-term debt was estimated using quoted market prices or discounted cash flow analyses based on American’s current estimated incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements. If American’s long-term debt was measured at fair value, it would have been classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The carrying value and estimated fair value of American’s long-term debt, including current maturities, were as follows (in millions):
| December 31, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
| Carrying Value |  | Fair Value |  | Carrying Value |  | Fair Value
Long-term debt, including current maturities | $ | 27,177 |  |  | $ | 27,008 |  |  | $ | 29,679 |  |  | $ | 28,453 |

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- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (b) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3 + Details
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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 + Details
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