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INVESTMENTS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Summary of Amortized Cost and Fair Values of Fixed Maturities
The following table provides the amortized cost and fair values of the Company's fixed maturities classified as available for sale:
Amortized
cost
Allowance for expected credit lossesGross
unrealized
gains
Gross
unrealized
losses
Fair
value
At December 31, 2023
Available for sale
U.S. government and agency$3,049,445 $ $13,211 $(55,128)$3,007,528 
Non-U.S. government729,761 (30)13,089 (18,861)723,959 
Corporate debt4,651,654 (10,438)49,434 (216,478)4,474,172 
Agency RMBS(1)
1,706,204  11,495 (83,038)1,634,661 
CMBS(2)
897,553  551 (58,408)839,696 
Non-agency RMBS165,910 (194)713 (13,033)153,396 
ABS(3)
1,265,187 (50)2,855 (25,021)1,242,971 
Municipals(4)
168,540 (47)414 (10,548)158,359 
Total fixed maturities, available for sale$12,634,254 $(10,759)$91,762 $(480,515)$12,234,742 
At December 31, 2022
Available for sale
U.S. government and agency$2,731,733 $— $5,386 $(97,789)$2,639,330 
Non-U.S. government612,546 — 2,395 (52,912)562,029 
Corporate debt4,680,798 (11,521)5,269 (418,990)4,255,556 
Agency RMBS(1)
1,297,423 — 4,663 (99,301)1,202,785 
CMBS(2)
1,029,863 — 60 (82,145)947,778 
Non-agency RMBS151,907 (123)275 (18,525)133,534 
ABS(3)
1,499,728 (35)555 (70,721)1,429,527 
Municipals(4)
172,475 (54)139 (16,205)156,355 
Total fixed maturities, available for sale$12,176,473 $(11,733)$18,742 $(856,588)$11,326,894 
(1)Residential mortgage-backed securities ("RMBS") originated by U.S. government-sponsored agencies.
(2)Commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS").
(3)Asset-backed securities ("ABS") include debt tranched securities collateralized primarily by auto loans, student loans, credit card receivables and collateralized loan obligations ("CLOs").
(4)Municipals include bonds issued by states, municipalities and political subdivisions.
Summary of Contractual Maturities of Fixed Maturities
The table below provides the contractual maturities of fixed maturities classified as available for sale:
Amortized
cost
Fair
value
% of Total
fair value
At December 31, 2023
Maturity
Due in one year or less$474,557 $463,789 3.6 %
Due after one year through five years5,902,571 5,790,493 47.3 %
Due after five years through ten years2,064,619 1,954,449 16.0 %
Due after ten years157,653 155,287 1.3 %
8,599,400 8,364,018 68.2 %
Agency RMBS1,706,204 1,634,661 13.4 %
CMBS897,553 839,696 6.9 %
Non-agency RMBS165,910 153,396 1.3 %
ABS1,265,187 1,242,971 10.2 %
Total$12,634,254 $12,234,742 100.0 %
At December 31, 2022
Maturity
Due in one year or less$422,039 $409,972 3.7 %
Due after one year through five years5,349,123 5,078,273 44.8 %
Due after five years through ten years2,192,344 1,919,450 16.9 %
Due after ten years234,046 205,575 1.8 %
8,197,552 7,613,270 67.2 %
Agency RMBS1,297,423 1,202,785 10.6 %
CMBS1,029,863 947,778 8.4 %
Non-agency RMBS151,907 133,534 1.2 %
ABS1,499,728 1,429,527 12.6 %
Total$12,176,473 $11,326,894 100.0 %
Summary of Fixed Maturities and Equities in an Unrealized Loss Position
The following table summarizes fixed maturities, available for sale in an unrealized loss position and the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by length of time the security has continuously been in an unrealized loss position:
  12 months or greaterLess than 12 monthsTotal
  Fair
value
Unrealized
losses
Fair
value
Unrealized
losses
Fair
value
Unrealized
losses
At December 31, 2023
Fixed maturities, available for sale
U.S. government and agency$846,503 $(42,465)$867,733 $(12,663)$1,714,236 $(55,128)
Non-U.S. government233,038 (18,178)115,112 (683)348,150 (18,861)
Corporate debt2,623,304 (210,512)240,813 (5,966)2,864,117 (216,478)
Agency RMBS778,656 (80,070)218,606 (2,968)997,262 (83,038)
CMBS703,411 (54,856)75,242 (3,552)778,653 (58,408)
Non-agency RMBS98,483 (13,013)10,017 (20)108,500 (13,033)
ABS879,743 (24,747)83,582 (274)963,325 (25,021)
Municipals129,969 (10,156)6,238 (392)136,207 (10,548)
Total fixed maturities, available for sale$6,293,107 $(453,997)$1,617,343 $(26,518)$7,910,450 $(480,515)
At December 31, 2022
Fixed maturities, available for sale
U.S. government and agency$467,032 $(41,365)$1,414,181 $(56,424)$1,881,213 $(97,789)
Non-U.S. government207,637 (33,027)298,048 (19,885)505,685 (52,912)
Corporate debt1,562,355 (268,289)2,350,504 (150,701)3,912,859 (418,990)
Agency RMBS220,595 (40,469)771,191 (58,832)991,786 (99,301)
CMBS343,494 (40,888)599,877 (41,257)943,371 (82,145)
Non-agency RMBS75,137 (14,691)53,484 (3,834)128,621 (18,525)
ABS685,990 (48,913)686,190 (21,808)1,372,180 (70,721)
Municipals52,994 (10,120)96,003 (6,085)148,997 (16,205)
Total fixed maturities, available for sale$3,615,234 $(497,762)$6,269,478 $(358,826)$9,884,712 $(856,588)
Summary of Fixed Maturities, Held-to-Maturity
The following table provides the amortized cost and fair values of the Company's fixed maturities classified as held to maturity:
Amortized
cost
Allowance for expected credit lossesNet carrying valueGross
unrealized
gains
Gross
unrealized
losses
Fair
value
At December 31, 2023
Held to maturity
Corporate debt$95,200 $ $95,200 $298 $(8,827)$86,671 
ABS(1)
591,096  591,096 5 (1,921)589,180 
Total fixed maturities, held to maturity$686,296 $ $686,296 $303 $(10,748)$675,851 
At December 31, 2022    
Held to maturity
Corporate debt$85,200 $— $85,200 $— $(11,428)$73,772 
ABS(1)
613,151 — 613,151 — (12,180)600,971 
Total fixed maturities, held to maturity$698,351 $— $698,351 $— $(23,608)$674,743 
(1)Asset-backed securities ("ABS") include debt tranched securities collateralized primarily by collateralized loan obligations ("CLOs").
Summary of Cost and Fair Value of Equity Securities
The following table provides the cost and fair values of the Company's equity securities:
CostGross
unrealized
gains
Gross
unrealized
losses
Fair
value
At December 31, 2023
Equity securities
Common stocks$2,843 $101 $(398)$2,546 
Preferred stocks5,496 218 (113)5,601 
Exchange-traded funds182,989 105,858 (1,572)287,275 
Bond mutual funds352,505 4,119 (63,535)293,089 
Total equity securities$543,833 $110,296 $(65,618)$588,511 
At December 31, 2022
Equity securities
Common stocks$7,279 $636 $(442)$7,473 
Preferred stocks115 — (43)72 
Exchange-traded funds207,505 68,058 (5,757)269,806 
Bond mutual funds279,457 — (71,555)207,902 
Total equity securities$494,356 $68,694 $(77,797)$485,253 
Summary of Mortgage Loans Net of Valuation Allowance
The following table provides details of the Company's mortgage loans, held for investment:
  
December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
  
Carrying value% of TotalCarrying value% of Total
Mortgage loans held for investment:
Commercial$616,368 101 %$627,437 100 %
Allowance for expected credit losses
(6,220)(1 %)— — %
Total mortgage loans held for investment$610,148 100 %$627,437 100 %
Summary of Portfolio of Other Investments
The following table provides a summary of the Company's other investments, together with additional information relating to the liquidity of each category:
  Fair valueRedemption frequency
(if currently eligible)
Redemption
notice period
At December 31, 2023
Multi-strategy funds$24,619 3 %Quarterly
60-90 days
Direct lending funds192,270 20 %
Quarterly(1)
90 days
Private equity funds301,712 32 %n/an/a
Real estate funds317,325 33 %
Quarterly(2), Annually(3)
45-90 days
CLO-Equities5,300 1 %n/an/a
Other privately held investments108,187 11 %n/an/a
Total other investments$949,413 100 %
At December 31, 2022
Multi-strategy funds$32,616 %Quarterly
60-90 days
Direct lending funds258,626 26 %
Quarterly(1)
90 days
Private equity funds265,836 27 %n/an/a
Real estate funds298,499 30 %
Quarterly(2), Annually(3)
45-90 days
CLO-Equities5,016 — %n/an/a
Other privately held investments136,158 14 %n/an/a
Total other investments$996,751 100 %
n/a – not applicable
(1)Applies to one fund with a fair value of $17 million (2022: $39 million).
(2)Applies to one fund with a fair value of $66 million (2022: $73 million).
(3)Applies to one fund with a fair value of $25 million (2022: $27 million).
Summary of Net Investment Income
Net investment income was derived from the following sources:
Year ended December 31,202320222021
Fixed maturities$514,842 $329,858 $262,049 
Other investments20,411 57,043 181,906 
Equity securities12,088 10,390 12,752 
Mortgage loans35,312 23,407 17,427 
Cash and cash equivalents50,261 20,273 4,454 
Short-term investments8,924 3,535 664 
Gross investment income641,838 444,506 479,252 
Investment expenses(30,096)(25,677)(24,951)
Net investment income$611,742 $418,829 $454,301 
Summary of Net Investment Gains (Losses)
The following table provides an analysis of net investment gains (losses):
Year ended December 31,202320222021
Gross realized investment gains
Fixed maturities and short-term investments$32,920 $16,671 $137,729 
Equity securities16,847 7,687 5,413 
Gross realized investment gains49,767 24,358 143,142 
Gross realized investment losses
Fixed maturities and short-term investments(158,080)(328,493)(42,613)
Equity securities(639)(406)(696)
Gross realized investment losses(158,719)(328,899)(43,309)
(Increase) decrease in allowance for expected credit losses, fixed maturities, available for sale
974 (11,421)11 
(Increase) decrease in allowance for expected credit losses, mortgage loans
(6,220)— — 
Impairment losses(1)
(12,757)(12,568)(22)
Change in fair value of investment derivatives(2)
(1,456)7,656 4,346 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities53,781 (135,915)30,111 
Net investment gains (losses)$(74,630)$(456,789)$134,279 
(1)Related to instances where the Company intends to sell securities or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell securities before their anticipated recovery.
(2)Refer to Note 7 'Derivative Instruments'.
Summary of Allowance for Credit Loss
The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the allowance for expected credit losses on fixed maturities classified as available for sale:
Year ended December 31,202320222021
Balance at beginning of period$11,733 $313 $323 
Expected credit losses on securities where credit losses were not previously recognized
5,200 17,830 95 
Additions (reductions) for expected credit losses on securities where credit losses were previously recognized
4,934 (3,831)50 
Impairments of securities which the Company intends to sell or more likely than not will be required to sell — — 
Securities sold/redeemed/matured(11,108)(2,579)(155)
Balance at end of period$10,759 $11,733 $313 
Summary of Restricted Investments and Cash
The table below provides the fair values of the Company's restricted investments and cash:
At December 31,20232022
Collateral in trust for inter-company agreements
$614,089 $790,449 
Collateral for secured letter of credit facility423,522 424,624 
Funds at Lloyd's893,177 748,573 
Collateral in trust for third-party agreements
2,597,633 2,491,317 
Securities on deposit or in trust with regulatory authorities772,472 731,660 
Total restricted investments and cash$5,300,893 $5,186,623