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1. Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements (Policies) | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2018
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Revenue Recognition On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," using the modified retrospective method applied to those contracts which were not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under prior revenue guidance ASC 605, "Revenue Recognition." We recorded a net reduction to opening retained earnings of $0.1 million as of January 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 606 with the impact primarily related to a small customer loyalty program in the United States for which the resulting non-cash consideration is treated as variable consideration under the new revenue recognition accounting standard. The impact to revenue as a result of applying ASC 606 as compared to ASC 605 for the three months ended March 31, 3018 was not significant. The Company recognizes revenue from operations through the sale of products, services, and rental of instruments. Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those products or services. We enter into contracts that can include various combinations of products and services, which are generally accounted for as distinct performance obligations. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers (sales tax, value added tax, etc.), which are subsequently remitted to government authorities. Our contracts from customers often include promises to transfer multiple products and services to a customer. Determining whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately versus together may require significant judgment and may or may not impact the timing of revenue recognition. Revenue associated with equipment that requires factory installation is not recorded until installation is complete and customer acceptance, if required, has occurred. Certain equipment requires installation due to the fact that the instruments are being operated in a clinical/laboratory environment, and the installation services could result in modification of the equipment in order to ensure that the instruments are working according to specifications of the customer which are subject to validation tests upon completion of the installation. Accordingly, in these cases, the delivery of the equipment and the installation are separate performance obligations. However, the Company will recognize the transaction price allocated to the equipment only upon customer acceptance, as the transfer of control has occurred in relation to the equipment at that point in time as the customer has the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the asset. The transaction price allocated to the installation services is also recognized upon completion of the services because without the completion of the installation services and related customer acceptance the customer cannot receive any of the benefits of the service. At the time revenue is recognized, a provision is recognized for estimated product returns as this right is considered variable consideration. Accordingly, when product revenues are recognized, the transaction price is reduced to the estimated amount that we expect to receive in exchange for transferring control for those products. Service revenues on extended warranty contracts are recognized ratably over the life of the service agreement as a stand-ready performance obligation. In those instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, we have determined that our contracts generally do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of our invoicing terms is to provide customers with simple and predictable methods of purchasing our products and services, not to either provide or receive financing to or from our customers. We record contract liabilities when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance. We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and for contracts in which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed. Our payment terms vary by the type and location of our customer, and the products and services offered. The term between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant. Reagent Rental Agreements Reagent rental agreements are a diagnostic industry sales method that provides use of an instrument and consumables (reagents) to a customer on a per test basis. These agreements may also include maintenance of the underlying instruments retained at customer locations as well as initial training. The Company has concluded that the use of the instrument and related maintenance services (collectively known as “lease elements”) are not within the guidance of ASC 606 but rather ASC 840 Leases. Accordingly, the Company first allocates the transaction price between the lease elements and the non-lease elements based on relative standalone selling prices. The determination of the transaction price requires judgment and requires consideration of any fixed/minimum payments as well as estimates of variable consideration. After determining what portion of the transaction price should be allocated to the lease elements, any fixed consideration would be considered the minimum lease payment to be amortized straight line over the lease term and any variable consideration would be contingent rent to be recognized monthly as earned. For the portion of the transaction price allocated to the non-lease elements, which are principally the reagents, the related revenue will be recognized at a point in time when control transfers. Generally, the terms of the arrangements result in the transfer of control upon either (i) when the consumables are delivered or (ii) when the consumables are consumed by the customer. Revenue allocated to the lease elements are less than 5% of total revenue and are included as part of the Net sales in our condensed consolidated statements of income. Contract costs: We apply a practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for costs to obtain a contract when the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs, recorded within Selling, general and administrative expense, include our internal sales force compensation programs and certain partner sales incentive programs, as we have determined that annual compensation is commensurate with annual selling activities. Disaggregation of Revenue: The following table presents our revenues disaggregated by geographic region based primarily on the location of the use of the product or service (in millions, unaudited):
|  | Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  |
Europe |  | $ | 199.6 |  |  |  | $ | 185.1 |  |  |  |
Pacific Rim |  | 109.4 |  |  |  | 94.8 |  |  |  |
United States |  | 209.9 |  |  |  | 187.3 |  |  |  |
Other (primarily Canada and Latin America) |  | 32.6 |  |  |  | 32.9 |  |  |  |
Total Net sales |  | $ | 551.5 |  |  |  | $ | 500.1 |  |  |  |
The disaggregation of our revenue by industry segment (Group) sources is presented in our Segment Information footnote (see Note 10). Deferred revenues represent mostly unrecognized fees billed or collected for extended service arrangements. Deferred revenues are recognized as (or when) the Company performs under the contract which is generally over time during the term of the service contract. A majority of our deferred revenue balance is classified as current with an expected length of one year or less. The increase in our total deferred revenue balance from $36.7 million at December 31, 2017 to $38.2 million at March 31, 2018 is primarily driven by cash payments received or due in advance of satisfying our performance obligations, offset by $15.0 million of revenue recognized that were included in our deferred revenue balance as of December 31, 2017. We warrant certain equipment against defects in design, materials and workmanship, generally for a period of one year. Upon delivery of that equipment, we establish, as part of Cost of goods sold, a provision for the expected costs of such warranty based on historical experience, specific warranty terms and customer feedback. A review is performed on a quarterly basis to assess the adequacy of our warranty accrual. Components of the warranty accrual, included in Other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, were as follows (in millions):
January 1, 2018 | $ | 18.7 |
Provision for warranty | 6.6 |
Actual warranty costs | (8.4 | )
March 31, 2018 | $ | 16.9 |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted In February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. ("ASU") 2018-03, "Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments - Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities." ASU 2018-03 amends certain items in ASU 2016-01 (see below) such as equity securities without a readily determinable fair value. ASU 2018-03 clarifies that an entity that uses the measurement alternative for equity securities without readily determinable fair values can change its measurement approach to fair value and once made the election is irrevocable. If an entity measures equity securities without readily determinable fair values at fair value, it must record a cumulative-effect adjustment to Retained earnings as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which the guidance is adopted. We adopted ASU 2018-03 on January 1, 2018 and made an irrevocable election to account for our investment of the ordinary shares of Sartorius AG at fair value (see ASU 2016-01 below). In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, "Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities." Amendments under ASU 2016-01, among other items, require that all equity investments in unconsolidated entities (other than those accounted for using the equity method of accounting) will generally be measured at fair value through earnings. Changes in fair value for equity securities will no longer be reported in other comprehensive income. For equity investments without readily determinable fair values, the cost method is also eliminated. We adopted ASU 2016-01 on January 1, 2018 and record equity investments without readily determinable fair values at cost, less impairment, and plus or minus subsequent adjustments for observable price changes and were valued at $0.6 million as of March 31, 2018. Changes in the basis of these equity investments are reported in current earnings. For equity securities that are affected by ASU 2016-01 and ASU 2018-03, see Note 2 to the condensed consolidated financial statements, which primarily consists of our investment in Sartorius AG. The impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-01 and ASU 2018-03 on January 1, 2018 was through a cumulative-effect adjustment of $864.5 million to Total stockholders' equity by increasing Retained earnings of $1,543.7 million and decreasing Accumulated other comprehensive income of $679.2 million, including increasing Deferred income taxes by $232.9 million and an increase in Other investments of $1,097.4 million in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. As a result of ASU 2016-01 and ASU 2018-03 during the first quarter of 2018, we recorded $815.9 million for the Change in fair market value of equity securities in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income that resulted in a deferred tax expense of $181.2 million. In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, "Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost," which changed how we present the net periodic benefit cost of our defined benefit pension and/or other postretirement plans. We adopted ASU 2017-07 on January 1, 2018 and applied the practical expedient to estimate amounts for comparative purposes utilizing the information disclosed in Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. The interest costs are recorded in Interest expense, and the other costs are recorded in Other (income) expense, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. For the first quarter of 2017 for interest costs and other costs, we reclassified $0.076 million, $0.538 million, and $0.036 million from Costs of goods sold (COGS), Selling, general and administrative expense (SG&A) and Research and development expense (R&D), respectively, to Interest expense of $0.275 million and Other (income) expense, net of $0.375 million. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, "Restricted Cash," which required us to cease to present transfers between cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. We adopted ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2018 and updated the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows to incorporate restricted cash included in Other current assets and Other assets of $0.4 million as of March 31, 2018 and $0.9 million as of March 31, 2017. In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, "Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory," which required immediate recognition of income tax consequences of intercompany asset transfers, other than inventory transfers. We adopted ASU 2016-16 on January 1, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment by decreasing Retained earnings by $17.6 million, and decreasing Prepaid taxes by $22.8 million and increasing Deferred tax assets by $5.2 million that are both recorded in Other assets in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. In August 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-15, "Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments" and adopted it on January 1, 2018, which did not have an impact to our statement of cash flows presentation. In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), an updated standard on revenue recognition. The new standard provides enhancements to the quality and consistency of how revenue is reported under the principle that revenue should be recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for the transfer of promised goods or services. We adopted ASC 606 as of January 1, 2018 using the cumulative effect transition method as more fully described above under the caption “Revenue Recognition.” Recent Accounting Pronouncements to be Adopted In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, "Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments." ASU 2016-13 will replace the current incurred loss approach with an expected loss model for instruments measured at amortized cost and require entities to record allowances for available-for-sale debt securities rather than reduce the carrying amount under the current other-than-temporary impairment model. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for all entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein. We are currently evaluating the effect ASU 2016-13 will have on our consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases," which will require, among other items, lease accounting to recognize most leases as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. Qualitative and quantitative disclosures will be enhanced to better understand the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. ASU 2016-02 will be adopted on a modified retrospective basis, with elective reliefs, which requires application of ASU 2016-02 for all periods presented. We are currently gathering, documenting and analyzing lease agreements related to this ASU and anticipate material additions to the balance sheet for right-of-use assets, offset by the associated liabilities.

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