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Segment reporting
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment reporting Segment reporting
The Company manages various types of business process and transformation services in an integrated manner for clients in various industries and geographic locations. The Company's operating segments are significant strategic business units that align its products and services with how it manages its business, approaches key markets and interacts with its clients.
The Company’s reportable segments are as follows: (1) Banking, Capital Markets and Insurance (“BCMI”); (2) Consumer Goods, Retail, Life Sciences and Healthcare (“CGRLH”); and (3) High Tech, Manufacturing and Services (“HMS”).
19. Segment reporting (Continued)
The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who has been identified as the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"), reviews operating segment revenue, which is a GAAP measure, and operating segment adjusted income from operations, which is a non-GAAP measure. The Company does not allocate and therefore the CODM does not evaluate stock based compensation expenses, amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets, foreign exchange gain/(losses), interest income/(expense), restructuring expenses, acquisition related expenses, other income/(expense), or income taxes by segment.
The Company’s operating assets and liabilities pertain to multiple segments. The Company manages assets and liabilities on a total company basis, not by operating segment, and therefore asset and liabilities information and capital expenditures by operating segment are not presented to the CODM and are not reviewed by the CODM.
Revenues and adjusted income from operations for each of the Company’s segments for the three months ended September 30, 2020 were as follows:
Reportable segments
BCMICGRLHHMSTotal Reportable segmentOthers#Total
Revenues, net283,806 318,290 339,008 941,104 (5,581)935,523
Adjusted income from operations38,771 47,847 60,990 147,608 12,365 159,973 
Stock-based compensation(19,487)
Amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets (other than included above)(9,995)
Foreign exchange gains (losses), net(2,402)
Interest income (expense), net(12,757)
Restructuring expenses (refer to note (a) below and note 26)(4,889)
Income tax expense(25,008)
Net income85,435 

(a) We do not allocate these charges to individual segments in internal management reports used by the CODM. Accordingly, such expenses are included in our segment reporting as “unallocated costs.”

#Revenues, net for “Others” primarily represents the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, which is not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. Adjusted income from operations for “Others” primarily represents the impact of over-absorption of overhead, unallocated allowance for credit losses and foreign exchange fluctuations, which are not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes.
19. Segment reporting (Continued)
Revenues and adjusted income from operations for each of the Company’s segments for the three months ended September 30, 2021 were as follows:
Reportable segments
BCMICGRLHHMSTotal Reportable segmentOthers*Total
Revenues, net258,521 388,069 366,741 1,013,331 2,406 1,015,737 
Adjusted income from operations32,514 63,681 68,263 164,458 4,484 168,942 
Stock-based compensation(21,485)
Amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets (other than included above)(13,688)
Foreign exchange gains (losses), net2,733 
Interest income (expense), net(12,765)
Income tax expense(21,351)
Net income102,386 

*Revenues, net for “Others” primarily represents the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, which is not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. Adjusted income from operations for “Others” primarily represents the impact of over-absorption of overhead and foreign exchange fluctuations, which are not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes.
Revenues and adjusted income from operations for each of the Company’s segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were as follows:
Reportable segments
BCMICGRLHHMSTotal Reportable segmentOthers##Total
Revenues, net805,807 930,203 1,045,920 2,781,930 (23,121)2,758,809 
Adjusted income from operations88,888 134,691 178,741 402,320 38,873 441,193 
Stock-based compensation(55,818)
Amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets (other than included above)(32,218)
Foreign exchange gains (losses), net11,611 
Interest income (expense), net(38,072)
Restructuring expenses (refer to note (b) below and note 26)(26,547)
Income tax expense(66,855)
Net income233,294 

(b) We do not allocate these charges to individual segments in internal management reports used by the CODM. Accordingly, such expenses are included in our segment reporting as “unallocated costs.”

##Revenues, net for “Others” primarily represents the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, which is not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. Adjusted income from operations for “Others” primarily represents the impact of over-absorption of overhead, unallocated allowances for credit losses and foreign exchange fluctuations, which are not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes.
19. Segment reporting (Continued)

Revenues and adjusted income from operations for each of the Company’s segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were as follows:
Reportable segments
BCMICGRLHHMSTotal Reportable segmentOthers**Total
Revenues, net750,589 1,101,182 1,081,767 2,933,538 16,396 2,949,934 
Adjusted income from 0perations98,972 184,647 203,915 487,534 21,087 508,621 
Stock-based compensation(58,604)
Amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets (other than included above)(43,977)
Foreign exchange gains (losses), net11,529 
Interest income (expense), net(38,198)
Income tax expense(83,008)
Net income296,363 
 
**Revenues, net for “Others” primarily represents the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, which is not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. Adjusted income from operations for “Others” primarily represents the impact of over-absorption of overhead and foreign exchange fluctuations, which are not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes.