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Segment reporting | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2021
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Segment reporting | Segment reporting The Company manages various types of business process and information technology services in an integrated manner for clients in various industries and geographic locations. The Company's operating segments are significant strategic business units that align its products and services with how it manages its business, approaches key markets and interacts with its clients. The Company’s reportable segments are as follows: (1) Banking, Capital Markets and Insurance (BCMI); (2) Consumer Goods, Retail, Life Sciences and Healthcare (CGRLH); and (3) High Tech, Manufacturing and Services (HMS). 24. Segment reporting (Continued) The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who has been identified as the CODM, reviews operating segment revenue, which is a GAAP measure, and operating segment adjusted income from operations, which is a non-GAAP measure. The Company does not allocate and therefore the CODM does not evaluate foreign exchange gain/(losses), interest income/(expense), restructuring expenses, acquisition-related expenses, stock-based compensation, amortization and impairment of intangible assets and income taxes by segment. The Company’s operating assets and liabilities pertain to multiple segments. The Company manages assets and liabilities on a total Company basis, not by operating segment, and therefore information about assets, liabilities and capital expenditures by operating segment are not presented to the CODM and are not reviewed by the CODM. Revenues and adjusted income from operations for each of the Company’s segments for the year ended December 31, 2019 were as follows:
| Reportable segments |  |  |  |  |  |
| BCMI |  | CGRLH |  | HMS |  | Total Reportable segments |  | Others*** |  | Total
Revenues, net | 1,078,844 |  |  | 1,107,534 |  |  | 1,348,635 |  |  | 3,535,013 |  |  | (14,470) |  |  | 3,520,543 |
Adjusted income from operations | 115,998 |  |  | 161,515 |  |  | 238,129 |  |  | 515,642 |  |  | 43,199 |  |  | 558,841 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (83,885) |
Amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets (other than included above) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (31,458) |
Acquisition-related expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (8,352) |
Foreign exchange gains (losses), net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,729 |
Interest income (expense), net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (43,458) |
Income tax expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (94,536) |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 304,881 |
***Revenues, net for “Others” primarily represents the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, which is not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. Adjusted income from operations for “Others” primarily represents gains related to a transfer of land, government incentives and the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, which are not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. #Includes $10,524 toward the accelerated charge of a contract cost asset relating to a wealth management platform used in the Company’s BCMI segment that the Company no longer plans to leverage beyond its current scope. If this charge had been recorded in the BCMI segment in the year ended December 31, 2019, AOI for the Company’s BCMI segment in 2019 would have been $105,474, with a corresponding increase in AOI of “Others” to $53,723. 24. Segment reporting (Continued) Revenues and adjusted income from operations for each of the Company’s segments for the year ended December 31, 2020 were as follows:
| Reportable segments |  |  |  |  |  |
| BCMI |  | CGRLH |  | HMS |  | Total Reportable segments |  | Others** |  | Total
Revenues, net | 1,079,193 |  |  | 1,264,654 |  |  | 1,388,826 |  |  | 3,732,673 |  |  | (23,296) |  |  | 3,709,377 |
Adjusted income from 0perations | 132,939 |  |  | 197,197 |  |  | 244,166 |  |  | 574,302 |  |  | 14,506 |  |  | 588,808 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (74,008) |
Amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets (other than included above) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (43,648) |
Acquisition-related expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (2,650) |
Foreign exchange gains (losses), net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,482 |
Interest income (expense), net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (48,960) |
Restructuring expenses (refer (a) below and Note 28) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (26,547) |
Income tax expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (92,201) |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 308,276 |
(a) We do not allocate these charges to individual segments in internal management reports used by the chief operating decision maker. Accordingly, such expenses are included in our segment reporting as “unallocated costs.” **Revenues, net for “Others” primarily represents the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, which is not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. Adjusted income from operations for “Others” primarily represents the impact of over-absorption of overhead, unallocated allowances for credit losses, impairments related to operating ROU assets and property, plant and equipment, and foreign exchange fluctuations, which are not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. Revenues and adjusted income from operations for each of the Company’s segments for the year ended December 31, 2021 were as follows:
| Reportable segments |  |  |  |  |  |
| BCMI |  | CGRLH |  | HMS |  | Total Reportable segments |  | Others* |  | Total
Revenues, net | 1,016,786 |  |  | 1,509,534 |  |  | 1,479,153 |  |  | 4,005,473 |  |  | 16,738 |  |  | 4,022,211 |
Adjusted income from operations | 126,972 |  |  | 250,765 |  |  | 272,754 |  |  | 650,491 |  |  | 12,189 |  |  | 662,680 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (81,968) |
Amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets (other than included above) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (57,641) |
Acquisition-related expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (1,177) |
Foreign exchange gains (losses), net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12,669 |
Interest income (expense), net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (51,434) |
Income tax expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (113,681) |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 369,448 |
*Revenues, net for “Others” primarily represents the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, which is not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. Adjusted income from operations for “Others” primarily represents the impact of over-absorption of overhead, unallocated allowances for credit losses, and foreign exchange fluctuations, which are not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. 24. Segment reporting (Continued) Revenues from a single customer in the Company’s HMS segment comprised 14.0%, 12.0% and 9.4% of the Company’s consolidated total net revenues in 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. Net revenues from geographic areas based on the location of the Company’s service delivery centers are as follows. A portion of net revenues attributable to India consists of net revenues for services performed by delivery centers in India or at clients’ premises outside of India by business units or personnel normally based in India.
| Year ended December 31,
| 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2021
India | $ | 1,890,897 |  |  | $ | 1,851,347 |  |  | $ | 2,022,123 |
Asia, other than India | 356,726 |  |  | 461,839 |  |  | 536,595 |
North and Latin America | 863,748 |  |  | 1,007,635 |  |  | 1,011,759 |
Europe | 409,172 |  |  | 388,556 |  |  | 451,734 |
Total net revenues | $ | 3,520,543 |  |  | $ | 3,709,377 |  |  | $ | 4,022,211 |
Property, plant and equipment, net by geographic region are as follows:
| As of December 31,
| 2020 |  | 2021
India | $ | 157,129 |  |  | $ | 142,237 |
Asia, other than India | 16,790 |  |  | 16,315 |
North and Latin America | 44,934 |  |  | 36,973 |
Europe | 12,269 |  |  | 19,564 |
Total | $ | 231,122 |  |  | $ | 215,089 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 31 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8924-108599 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 34 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8981-108599 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8721-108599 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 40 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e9031-108599 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (f) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (e) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 26 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8844-108599 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 41 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e9038-108599 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 22 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8736-108599 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 42 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e9054-108599 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8657-108599 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8721-108599 Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134510 + Details
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