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Segment reporting
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment reporting Segment reporting
The Company manages various types of business process and information technology services in an integrated manner for clients in various industries and geographic locations. The Company's operating segments are significant strategic business units that align its products and services with how it manages its business, approaches key markets and interacts with its clients.
The Company’s reportable segments are as follows: (1) Banking, Capital Markets and Insurance (BCMI); (2) Consumer Goods, Retail, Life Sciences and Healthcare (CGRLH); and (3) High Tech, Manufacturing and Services (HMS).
24. Segment reporting (Continued)
The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who has been identified as the CODM, reviews operating segment revenue, which is a GAAP measure, and operating segment adjusted income from operations, which is a non-GAAP measure. The Company does not allocate and therefore the CODM does not evaluate foreign exchange gain/(losses), interest income/(expense), restructuring expenses, acquisition-related expenses, stock-based compensation, amortization and impairment of intangible assets and income taxes by segment. The Company’s operating assets and liabilities pertain to multiple segments. The Company manages assets and liabilities on a total Company basis, not by operating segment, and therefore information about assets, liabilities and capital expenditures by operating segment are not presented to the CODM and are not reviewed by the CODM.
Revenues and adjusted income from operations for each of the Company’s segments for the year ended December 31, 2019 were as follows: 
Reportable segments
BCMICGRLHHMSTotal Reportable segmentsOthers***Total
Revenues, net1,078,844 1,107,534 1,348,635 3,535,013 (14,470)3,520,543 
Adjusted income from operations115,998 161,515 238,129 515,642 43,199 558,841 
Stock-based compensation(83,885)
Amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets (other than included above)(31,458)
Acquisition-related expenses(8,352)
Foreign exchange gains (losses), net7,729 
Interest income (expense), net(43,458)
Income tax expense(94,536)
Net income304,881 
***Revenues, net for “Others” primarily represents the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, which is not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. Adjusted income from operations for “Others” primarily represents gains related to a transfer of land, government incentives and the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, which are not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes.
#Includes $10,524 toward the accelerated charge of a contract cost asset relating to a wealth management platform used in the Company’s BCMI segment that the Company no longer plans to leverage beyond its current scope. If this charge had been recorded in the BCMI segment in the year ended December 31, 2019, AOI for the Company’s BCMI segment in 2019 would have been $105,474, with a corresponding increase in AOI of “Others” to $53,723.
24. Segment reporting (Continued)
Revenues and adjusted income from operations for each of the Company’s segments for the year ended December 31, 2020 were as follows:
Reportable segments
BCMICGRLHHMSTotal Reportable segments Others**Total
Revenues, net1,079,193 1,264,654 1,388,826 3,732,673 (23,296)3,709,377 
Adjusted income from 0perations132,939 197,197 244,166 574,302 14,506 588,808 
Stock-based compensation(74,008)
Amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets (other than included above)(43,648)
Acquisition-related expenses(2,650)
Foreign exchange gains (losses), net7,482 
Interest income (expense), net(48,960)
Restructuring expenses (refer (a) below and Note 28)(26,547)
Income tax expense(92,201)
Net income308,276 
(a) We do not allocate these charges to individual segments in internal management reports used by the chief operating decision maker. Accordingly, such expenses are included in our segment reporting as “unallocated costs.”

**Revenues, net for “Others” primarily represents the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, which is not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. Adjusted income from operations for “Others” primarily represents the impact of over-absorption of overhead, unallocated allowances for credit losses, impairments related to operating ROU assets and property, plant and equipment, and foreign exchange fluctuations, which are not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes.
Revenues and adjusted income from operations for each of the Company’s segments for the year ended December 31, 2021 were as follows:
Reportable segments
BCMICGRLHHMSTotal Reportable segments Others*Total
Revenues, net1,016,786 1,509,534 1,479,153 4,005,473 16,738 4,022,211 
Adjusted income from operations126,972 250,765 272,754 650,491 12,189 662,680 
Stock-based compensation(81,968)
Amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets (other than included above)(57,641)
Acquisition-related expenses(1,177)
Foreign exchange gains (losses), net12,669 
Interest income (expense), net(51,434)
Income tax expense(113,681)
Net income369,448 
*Revenues, net for “Others” primarily represents the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations, which is not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes. Adjusted income from operations for “Others” primarily represents the impact of over-absorption of overhead, unallocated allowances for credit losses, and foreign exchange fluctuations, which are not allocated to the Company’s segments for management’s internal reporting purposes.
24. Segment reporting (Continued)
Revenues from a single customer in the Company’s HMS segment comprised 14.0%, 12.0% and 9.4% of the Company’s consolidated total net revenues in 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.
Net revenues from geographic areas based on the location of the Company’s service delivery centers are as follows. A portion of net revenues attributable to India consists of net revenues for services performed by delivery centers in India or at clients’ premises outside of India by business units or personnel normally based in India.
Year ended December 31,
201920202021
India$1,890,897 $1,851,347 $2,022,123 
Asia, other than India356,726 461,839 536,595 
North and Latin America863,748 1,007,635 1,011,759 
Europe409,172 388,556 451,734 
Total net revenues$3,520,543 $3,709,377 $4,022,211 
Property, plant and equipment, net by geographic region are as follows:
As of December 31,
20202021
India$157,129 $142,237 
Asia, other than India16,790 16,315 
North and Latin America44,934 36,973 
Europe12,269 19,564 
Total$231,122 $215,089