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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Schedule of Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable
Loans at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$4,217,351 $4,044,896
Non-owner occupied8,184,184 7,535,494
Consumer real estate – mortgage4,874,846 4,851,531
Construction and land development3,621,563 4,041,081
Commercial and industrial12,328,622 11,666,691
Consumer and other542,584 536,398
Subtotal$33,769,150 $32,676,091 
Allowance for credit losses(381,601)(353,055)
Loans, net$33,387,549 $32,323,036 
Loan Classification Categorized by Risk Rating Category
The following tables present loan balances classified within each risk rating category by primary loan type and year of origination or most recent renewal as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, as well as the gross loan charge-offs by primary loan type and year of origination or most recent renewal for the six months ended June 30, 2024 (in thousands):
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansTotal
June 30, 2024
Commercial real estate - owner occupied
Pass$379,699 $792,938 $1,105,574 $817,200 $474,621 $504,405 $68,183 $4,142,620 
Special Mention7,203 3,933 28,213 7,887 5,302 12,614 — 65,152 
Substandard (1)
— 3,159 962 — 83 769 — 4,973 
Substandard-nonaccrual344 849 — 1,709 1,060 644 — 4,606 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — — — 
Total Commercial real estate - owner occupied$387,246 $800,879 $1,134,749 $826,796 $481,066 $518,432 $68,183 $4,217,351 
Current period gross charge-offs$— (2,808)(4,480)(1,522)— (94)— $(8,904)
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied
Pass$631,593 $1,039,519 $2,974,632 $2,015,973 $573,872 $682,179 $101,983 $8,019,751 
Special Mention39,971 — 34,240 — 28,849 5,477 — 108,537 
Substandard (1)
2,962 13,483 — — — 72 — 16,517 
Substandard-nonaccrual— — 124 38,289 — 473 493 39,379 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — — — 
Total Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied$674,526 $1,053,002 $3,008,996 $2,054,262 $602,721 $688,201 $102,476 $8,184,184 
Current period gross charge-offs$(1,081)— — (2,000)— — — $(3,081)
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Pass$182,185 $535,361 $934,265 $1,014,570 $419,459 $471,990 $1,281,288 $4,839,118 
Special Mention— — — 374 — — — 374 
Substandard (1)
— — — — — — — — 
Substandard-nonaccrual62 3,848 9,053 3,686 1,708 12,274 4,723 35,354 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — — — 
Total Consumer real estate – mortgage$182,247 $539,209 $943,318 $1,018,630 $421,167 $484,264 $1,286,011 $4,874,846 
Current period gross charge-offs$— — (90)(120)(42)(70)(340)$(662)
Construction and land development
Pass$607,112 $793,051 $1,693,842 $475,317 $9,549 $7,786 $33,020 $3,619,677 
Special Mention711 — 323 — — — — 1,034 
Substandard (1)
— — — — — — — — 
Substandard-nonaccrual— 244 595 — 13 — — 852 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — — — 
Total Construction and land development$607,823 $793,295 $1,694,760 $475,317 $9,562 $7,786 $33,020 $3,621,563 
Current period gross charge-offs$— — — — — — — $— 
Commercial and industrial
Pass$1,918,409 $2,500,204 $1,972,714 $986,495 $274,748 $301,777 $4,076,131 $12,030,478 
Special Mention17,569 73,056 54,269 11,259 484 2,016 49,890 208,543 
Substandard (1)
22,104 2,267 1,345 25,305 17 9,064 12,585 72,687 
Substandard-nonaccrual1,792 5,283 5,190 2,088 84 1,108 1,367 16,912 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — 
 Total Commercial and industrial$1,959,876 $2,580,810 $2,033,518 $1,025,147 $275,333 $313,965 $4,139,973 $12,328,622 
Current period gross charge-offs$— (5,758)(8,144)(3,522)(692)(260)(12,393)$(30,769)
Consumer and other
Pass$124,618 $27,226 $23,165 $54,379 $30,750 $829 $281,073 $542,040 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Substandard (1)
— — — — — — — — 
Substandard-nonaccrual398 14 26 30 65 544 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — — — 
Total Consumer and other$125,016 $27,235 $23,179 $54,405 $30,780 $831 $281,138 $542,584 
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansTotal
Current period gross charge-offs$— (163)(68)(1,841)(1,067)(16)(3,063)$(6,218)
Total loans
Pass$3,843,616 $5,688,299 $8,704,192 $5,363,934 $1,782,999 $1,968,966 $5,841,678 $33,193,684 
Special Mention65,454 76,989 117,045 19,520 34,635 20,107 49,890 383,640 
Substandard (1)
25,066 18,909 2,307 25,305 100 9,905 12,585 94,177 
Substandard-nonaccrual2,596 10,233 14,976 45,798 2,895 14,501 6,648 97,647 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — 
Total loans$3,936,734 $5,794,430 $8,838,520 $5,454,557 $1,820,629 $2,013,479 $5,910,801 $33,769,150 
Current period gross charge-offs$(1,081)(8,729)(12,782)(9,005)(1,801)(440)(15,796)$(49,634)
20232022202120202019PriorRevolving LoansTotal
December 31, 2023
Commercial real estate - owner occupied
Pass$785,834 $1,123,425 $871,389 $502,260 $267,595 $357,339 $56,680 $3,964,522 
Special Mention1,595 37,324 5,300 2,252 5,306 4,701 — 56,478 
Substandard (1)
5,528 9,331 3,262 1,145 568 610 — 20,444 
Substandard-nonaccrual1,781 615 686 53 — 317 — 3,452 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — — — 
Total Commercial real estate - owner occupied$794,738 $1,170,695 $880,637 $505,710 $273,469 $362,967 $56,680 $4,044,896 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied
Pass$1,304,109 $2,682,275 $1,737,275 $713,979 $505,767 $370,420 $107,841 $7,421,666 
Special Mention— 30,229 — 6,745 216 5,335 — 42,525 
Substandard (1)
25,723 2,969 — — 1,195 73 — 29,960 
Substandard-nonaccrual— 153 40,180 — — 489 521 41,343 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — — — 
Total Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied$1,329,832 $2,715,626 $1,777,455 $720,724 $507,178 $376,317 $108,362 $7,535,494 
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Pass$573,120 $976,006 $1,056,720 $448,420 $207,790 $318,505 $1,253,091 $4,833,652 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Substandard (1)
— — — — — — — — 
Substandard-nonaccrual688 2,265 2,951 2,525 5,265 3,671 514 17,879 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — — — 
Total Consumer real estate – mortgage$573,808 $978,271 $1,059,671 $450,945 $213,055 $322,176 $1,253,605 $4,851,531 
Construction and land development
Pass$1,153,137 $1,930,062 $884,060 $12,102 $5,580 $6,369 $41,886 $4,033,196 
Special Mention2,728 — — 4,467 — — — 7,195 
Substandard (1)
— — — — — 82 — 82 
Substandard-nonaccrual— 608 — — — — — 608 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — — — 
Total Construction and land development$1,155,865 $1,930,670 $884,060 $16,569 $5,580 $6,451 $41,886 $4,041,081 
Commercial and industrial
Pass$3,778,326 $2,103,473 $1,127,096 $325,176 $215,158 $142,806 $3,753,575 $11,445,610 
Special Mention11,125 22,806 12,457 532 144 1,847 45,025 93,936 
Substandard (1)
10,142 2,243 25,311 145 359 9,028 60,986 108,214 
Substandard-nonaccrual10,436 4,193 1,583 409 359 735 1,215 18,930 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — 
 Total Commercial and industrial$3,810,029 $2,132,715 $1,166,447 $326,263 $216,020 $154,416 $3,860,801 $11,666,691 
Consumer and other
Pass$136,809 $28,774 $66,126 $37,015 $541 $656 $266,402 $536,323 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Substandard (1)
— — — — — — — — 
20232022202120202019PriorRevolving LoansTotal
Substandard-nonaccrual— — — — — — 75 75 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — — — 
Total Consumer and other$136,809 $28,774 $66,126 $37,015 $541 $656 $266,477 $536,398 
Total loans
Pass$7,731,335 $8,844,015 $5,742,666 $2,038,952 $1,202,431 $1,196,095 $5,479,475 $32,234,969 
Special Mention15,448 90,359 17,757 13,996 5,666 11,883 45,025 200,134 
Substandard (1)
41,393 14,543 28,573 1,290 2,122 9,793 60,986 158,700 
Substandard-nonaccrual12,905 7,834 45,400 2,987 5,624 5,212 2,325 82,287 
Doubtful-nonaccrual— — — — — — 
Total loans$7,801,081 $8,956,751 $5,834,396 $2,057,226 $1,215,843 $1,222,983 $5,587,811 $32,676,091 
(1) Potential problem loans represent those loans with a well-defined weakness and where information about possible credit problems of borrowers has caused management to have doubts about the borrower's ability to comply with present repayment terms. This definition is believed to be substantially consistent with the standards established by Pinnacle Bank's primary regulators for loans classified as substandard, excluding loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Potential problem loans, which are not included in nonaccrual loans, amounted to approximately $62.0 million at June 30, 2024, compared to $127.4 million at December 31, 2023.
Past Due Balances by Loan Classification
The table below presents the aging of past due balances by loan segment at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

June 30, 202430-59 days past due60-89 days past due90 days or more past dueTotal
past due
CurrentTotal loans
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$2,963 $2,002 $2,551 $7,516 $4,209,835 $4,217,351 
Non-owner occupied263 1,020 39,255 40,538 8,143,646 8,184,184 
Consumer real estate – mortgage7,859 12,537 13,357 33,753 4,841,093 4,874,846 
Construction and land development1,137 — 839 1,976 3,619,587 3,621,563 
Commercial and industrial13,948 6,284 17,784 38,016 12,290,606 12,328,622 
Consumer and other3,184 1,658 1,468 6,310 536,274 542,584 
Total$29,354 $23,501 $75,254 $128,109 $33,641,041 $33,769,150 
December 31, 2023
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$1,671 $507 $3,398 $5,576 $4,039,320 $4,044,896 
Non-owner occupied40,577 489 153 41,219 7,494,275 7,535,494 
Consumer real estate – mortgage21,585 1,352 10,824 33,761 4,817,770 4,851,531 
Construction and land development621 28 608 1,257 4,039,824 4,041,081 
Commercial and industrial14,197 28,221 16,890 59,308 11,607,383 11,666,691 
Consumer and other5,286 1,868 1,496 8,650 527,748 536,398 
Total$83,937 $32,465 $33,369 $149,771 $32,526,320 $32,676,091 
Details of Changes in the Allowance for Loan Losses
The following table details the changes in the allowance for credit losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, by loan classification (in thousands):
 Commercial real estate - owner occupiedCommercial real estate - non-owner occupiedConsumer
 real estate - mortgage
Construction and land developmentCommercial and industrialConsumer
and other
Total
Three months ended June 30, 2024:
Balance at March 31, 2024$29,690 $72,581 $75,814 $33,734 $151,172 $8,346 $371,337 
Charged-off loans(8,810)(1,081)(39)— (15,961)(2,911)(28,802)
Recovery of previously charged-off loans125 14 437 3,927 1,402 5,907 
Provision for credit losses on loans8,842 7,450 4,035 (3,701)14,876 1,657 33,159 
Balance at June 30, 2024$29,847 $78,964 $80,247 $30,035 $154,014 $8,494 $381,601 
 Commercial real estate - owner occupiedCommercial real estate - non-owner occupiedConsumer
 real estate - mortgage
Construction and land developmentCommercial and industrialConsumer
and other
Total
Three months ended June 30, 2023:      
Balance at March 31, 2023$23,598 $41,914 $39,160 $37,599 $153,629 $17,941 $313,841 
Charged-off loans— — (300)— (14,179)(4,406)(18,885)
Recovery of previously charged-off loans1,159 944 30 4,417 2,557 9,113 
Provision for credit losses on loans2,893 12,035 19,570 1,226 4,551 (6,885)33,390 
Balance at June 30, 2023$26,497 $55,108 $59,374 $38,855 $148,418 $9,207 $337,459 
Six months ended June 30, 2024:      
Balance at December 31, 2023$28,690 $57,687 $71,354 $39,142 $148,212 $7,970 $353,055 
Charged-off loans(8,904)(3,081)(662)— (30,769)(6,218)(49,634)
Recovery of previously charged-off loans142 28 681 6,749 2,915 10,524 
Provision for credit losses on loans9,919 24,330 8,874 (9,116)29,822 3,827 67,656 
Balance at June 30, 2024$29,847 $78,964 $80,247 $30,035 $154,014 $8,494 $381,601 
Six months ended June 30, 2023:      
Balance at December 31, 2022$26,617 $40,479 $36,536 $36,114 $144,353 $16,566 $300,665 
Charged-off loans— — (430)— (24,828)(7,649)(32,907)
Recovery of previously charged-off loans14 1,189 1,615 251 8,128 4,648 15,845 
Provision for credit losses on loans(134)13,440 21,653 2,490 20,765 (4,358)53,856 
Balance at June 30, 2023$26,497 $55,108 $59,374 $38,855 $148,418 $9,207 $337,459 
Schedule of Collateral Dependent Loans Individually Evaluated for ACL
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):
Real EstateBusiness AssetsOtherTotal
June 30, 2024
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$8,891 $— $— $8,891 
Non-owner occupied55,398 — — 55,398 
Consumer real estate – mortgage37,638 — — 37,638 
Construction and land development910 — — 910 
Commercial and industrial— 31,276 810 32,086 
Consumer and other— — 63 63 
Total $102,837 $31,276 $873 $134,986 
December 31, 2023
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$22,284 $— $— $22,284 
Non-owner occupied69,577 — — 69,577 
Consumer real estate – mortgage20,389 — — 20,389 
Construction and land development668 — — 668 
Commercial and industrial— 31,625 552 32,177 
Consumer and other— — — — 
Total $112,918 $31,625 $552 $145,095 
Modifications
The following table shows the amortized cost basis of the loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and the six months ended June 30, 2023, disaggregated by class of loans and type of modification granted and describes the financial effect of the modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty (in thousands):

Three months ended June 30, 2024
Term Extension
Amortized Cost Basis% of Total Loan TypeFinancial Effect
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$— — 
Non-owner occupied— — 
Consumer real estate – mortgage— — 
Construction and land development— — 
Commercial and industrial18,715 0.15 %Added a weighted average 0.51 years to the term of the modified loans
Consumer and other— — 
Total $18,715 

Six months ended June 30, 2024
Term Extension
Amortized Cost Basis% of Total Loan TypeFinancial Effect
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$— — 
Non-owner occupied— — 
Consumer real estate – mortgage— — 
Construction and land development— — 
Commercial and industrial18,715 0.15 %Added a weighted average 0.92 years to the term of the modified loans
Consumer and other— — 
Total $18,715 

Six months ended June 30, 2023
Payment Delay
Amortized Cost Basis% of Total Loan TypeFinancial Effect
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$— — 
Non-owner occupied— — 
Consumer real estate – mortgage— — 
Construction and land development— — 
Commercial and industrial2,401 0.02 %Provided a 90 day forbearance period for payoff
Consumer and other— — 
Total $2,401 

No loans were modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended June 30, 2023.

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, no loans experienced a payment default subsequent to being granted a modification in the prior twelve months. Pinnacle Financial charged off $2.8 million of owner occupied commercial real estate and $1.1 million of non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans that were previously modified and subsequently defaulted during the six months ended June 30, 2024.
The table below presents the aging of past due balances as of June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023 of loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified in the previous twelve months:

June 30, 202430-59 days past due60-89 days past due90 days or more past dueCurrentTotal modified loans
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$— $— $— $— $— 
Non-owner occupied— — — 13,483 13,483 
Consumer real estate – mortgage— — — — — 
Construction and land development— — — — — 
Commercial and industrial— — 3,226 18,715 21,941 
Consumer and other— — — — — 
Total$— $— $3,226 $32,198 $35,424 
June 30, 202330-59 days past due60-89 days past due90 days or more past dueCurrentTotal modified loans
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$— $— $— $— $— 
Non-owner occupied— — — — — 
Consumer real estate – mortgage— — — — — 
Construction and land development— — — — — 
Commercial and industrial— — — 2,401 2,401 
Consumer and other— — — — — 
Total$— $— $— $2,401 $2,401 
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual
The table below presents the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due 90 or more days and still accruing interest at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Also presented is the balance of loans on nonaccrual status at June 30, 2024 for which there was no related allowance for credit losses recorded (in thousands):
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Total nonaccrual loansNonaccrual loans with no allowance for credit lossesLoans past due 90 or more days and still accruingTotal nonaccrual loansNonaccrual loans with no allowance for credit lossesLoans past due 90 or more days and still accruing
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$4,606 $— $— $3,452 $122 $— 
Non-owner occupied39,379 — — 41,343 40,669 — 
Consumer real estate – mortgage35,354 1,376 — 17,879 — 781 
Construction and land development852 — — 608 — — 
Commercial and industrial16,914 — 3,029 18,931 519 3,802 
Consumer and other544 — 1,028 75 — 1,421 
Total$97,649 $1,376 $4,057 $82,288 $41,310 $6,004 
Summary of Loan Portfolio Credit Risk Exposure
Pinnacle Financial analyzes its commercial loan portfolio to determine if a concentration of credit risk exists to any industries. Pinnacle Financial utilizes broadly accepted industry classification systems in order to classify borrowers into various industry classifications. Pinnacle Financial has a credit exposure (loans outstanding plus unfunded lines of credit) exceeding 25% of Pinnacle Bank's total risk-based capital to borrowers in the following industries at June 30, 2024 with the comparative exposures for December 31, 2023 (in thousands):
 June 30, 2024 
 Outstanding Principal BalancesUnfunded CommitmentsTotal exposureTotal Exposure at December 31, 2023
Lessors of nonresidential buildings$4,647,723 $996,939 $5,644,662 $5,916,335 
Lessors of residential buildings2,327,255 754,989 3,082,244 3,179,041 
New Housing For-Sale Builders599,894 760,300 1,360,194 1,396,653 
Music Publishers885,440 425,793 1,311,233 1,219,781