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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Income Taxes |
Schedule of domestic and foreign components of income before income taxes | Income before provision for income taxes consists of the following (in thousands):
|  | Year Ended December 31, |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |
United States |  | $ | 111,002 |  | $ | 105,555 |  | $ | 48,097 |
Foreign |  |  | 2,356 |  |  | (272) |  |  | 774 |
Total |  |  | 113,358 |  |  | 105,283 |  |  | 48,871 |
Schedule of components of the provision for income taxes | The components of the provision for income taxes are as follows (in thousands):
|  | Year Ended December 31, |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |
Current provision (benefit) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  | $ | 3,405 |  | $ | 21,509 |  | $ | 4,726 |
State |  |  | 4,536 |  |  | 3,371 |  |  | 5,423 |
Foreign |  |  | 674 |  |  | (188) |  |  | 92 |
|  |  | 8,615 |  |  | 24,692 |  |  | 10,241 |
Deferred provision (benefit) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  |  | 14,535 |  |  | 1,958 |  |  | 11,560 |
State |  |  | 2,120 |  |  | 1,219 |  |  | (727) |
Foreign |  |  | (139) |  |  | (36) |  |  | 72 |
|  |  | 16,516 |  |  | 3,141 |  |  | 10,905 |
Change in valuation allowance |  |  | 634 |  |  | 600 |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 25,765 |  | $ | 28,433 |  | $ | 21,146 |
Schedule of reconciliation of income tax expense compared to the amount of income tax expense that would result by applying U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to pre-tax income |
|  | Year Ended December 31, |  |
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |  |
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate |  | 21.0 | % |  | 35.0 | % |  | 35.0 | % |
Impact of U.S tax reform |  | 1.1 |  |  | (9.3) |  |  | — |  |
State taxes, net of federal income tax impact |  | 5.1 |  |  | 2.9 |  |  | 6.4 |  |
Tax credits |  | (5.3) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.4) |  |
Income taxed at rates greater than U.S. |  | 0.4 |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | 0.4 |  |
Domestic production activities deduction |  | — |  |  | (2.3) |  |  | (1.1) |  |
Nondeductible meals & entertainment |  | 2.9 |  |  | 2.8 |  |  | 5.4 |  |
Other items |  | (0.2) |  |  | (0.7) |  |  | (1.5) |  |
Effective tax rate excluding income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | 25.0 |  |  | 28.2 |  |  | 44.2 |  |
Impact of income from noncontrolling interests on effective tax rate |  | (2.3) |  |  | (1.2) |  |  | (0.9) |  |
Effective tax rate |  | 22.7 | % |  | 27.0 | % |  | 43.3 | % |
Schedule of tax effect of temporary differences that give rise to deferred income taxes | The tax effect of temporary differences that give rise to deferred income taxes are as follows (in thousands):
|  | December 31, |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accrued compensation |  | $ | 4,999 |  | $ | 4,280 |
Accrued workers compensation |  |  | 10,309 |  |  | 7,980 |
Net operating losses |  |  | 34,615 |  |  | 982 |
Disallowed interest |  |  | 1,908 |  |  | — |
Capital loss carryforward |  |  | 10,796 |  |  | — |
Deferred rent |  |  | 1,552 |  |  | 57 |
Insurance reserves |  |  | 3,737 |  |  | 3,276 |
Loss reserves |  |  | 2,064 |  |  | 2,852 |
Tax credit |  |  | 1,505 |  |  | 2,364 |
State income taxes |  |  | 1,045 |  |  | 463 |
Other |  |  | 1,600 |  |  | 182 |
Total deferred tax assets |  |  | 74,130 |  |  | 22,436 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | (56,670) |  |  | (34,652) |
Prepaid expenses and other |  |  | (231) |  |  | (755) |
Total deferred tax liabilities |  |  | (56,901) |  |  | (35,407) |
Valuation allowance |  |  | (23,938) |  |  | (600) |
Net deferred tax liabilities |  | $ | (6,709) |  | $ | (13,571) |
Schedule of reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts and aggregate changes in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits | A reconciliation of the beginning and ending and aggregate changes in the gross balances of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):
|  | December 31, |
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |
Beginning balance |  | $ | 592 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Increases in balances for tax positions taken during the current year |  |  | 146 |  |  | 592 |  |  | — |
Increases in balances for tax positions taken during prior years |  |  | 2,666 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Settlements and effective settlements with tax authorities |  |  | (1,979) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Lapse of statute of limitations |  |  | (95) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 1,330 |  | $ | 592 |  | $ | — |

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