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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Income Taxes  
Schedule of domestic and foreign components of income before income taxes

Income before provision for income taxes consists of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    

Year Ended December 31, 

 

 

 

2018

    

2017

    

2016

 

United States

 

$

111,002

 

$

105,555

 

$

48,097

 

Foreign

 

 

2,356

 

 

(272)

 

 

774

 

Total

 

 

113,358

 

 

105,283

 

 

48,871

 

 

Schedule of components of the provision for income taxes

The components of the provision for income taxes are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    

Year Ended December 31, 

 

 

 

2018

    

2017

    

2016

 

Current provision (benefit)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

$

3,405

 

$

21,509

 

$

4,726

 

State

 

 

4,536

 

 

3,371

 

 

5,423

 

Foreign

 

 

674

 

 

(188)

 

 

92

 

 

 

 

8,615

 

 

24,692

 

 

10,241

 

Deferred provision (benefit)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

 

14,535

 

 

1,958

 

 

11,560

 

State

 

 

2,120

 

 

1,219

 

 

(727)

 

Foreign

 

 

(139)

 

 

(36)

 

 

72

 

 

 

 

16,516

 

 

3,141

 

 

10,905

 

Change in valuation allowance

 

 

634

 

 

600

 

 

 —

 

Total

 

$

25,765

 

$

28,433

 

$

21,146

 

 

Schedule of reconciliation of income tax expense compared to the amount of income tax expense that would result by applying U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to pre-tax income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    

Year Ended December 31, 

 

 

 

 

2018

 

    

2017

 

    

2016

 

 

U.S. federal statutory income tax rate

 

21.0

%

 

35.0

%

 

35.0

%

 

Impact of U.S tax reform

 

1.1

 

 

(9.3)

 

 

 —

 

 

State taxes, net of federal income tax impact

 

5.1

 

 

2.9

 

 

6.4

 

 

Tax credits

 

(5.3)

 

 

 —

 

 

(0.4)

 

 

Income taxed at rates greater than U.S.

 

0.4

 

 

(0.2)

 

 

0.4

 

 

Domestic production activities deduction

 

 —

 

 

(2.3)

 

 

(1.1)

 

 

Nondeductible meals & entertainment

 

2.9

 

 

2.8

 

 

5.4

 

 

Other items

 

(0.2)

 

 

(0.7)

 

 

(1.5)

 

 

Effective tax rate excluding income attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

25.0

 

 

28.2

 

 

44.2

 

 

Impact of income from noncontrolling interests on effective tax rate

 

(2.3)

 

 

(1.2)

 

 

(0.9)

 

 

Effective tax rate

 

22.7

%

 

27.0

%

 

43.3

%

 

 

Schedule of tax effect of temporary differences that give rise to deferred income taxes

The tax effect of temporary differences that give rise to deferred income taxes are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    

December 31, 

 

 

 

2018

    

2017

 

Deferred tax assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued compensation

 

$

4,999

 

$

4,280

 

Accrued workers compensation

 

 

10,309

 

 

7,980

 

Net operating losses

 

 

34,615

 

 

982

 

Disallowed interest

 

 

1,908

 

 

 —

 

Capital loss carryforward

 

 

10,796

 

 

 —

 

Deferred rent

 

 

1,552

 

 

57

 

Insurance reserves

 

 

3,737

 

 

3,276

 

Loss reserves

 

 

2,064

 

 

2,852

 

Tax credit

 

 

1,505

 

 

2,364

 

State income taxes

 

 

1,045

 

 

463

 

Other

 

 

1,600

 

 

182

 

Total deferred tax assets

 

 

74,130

 

 

22,436

 

Deferred tax liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

(56,670)

 

 

(34,652)

 

Prepaid expenses and other

 

 

(231)

 

 

(755)

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

 

(56,901)

 

 

(35,407)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Valuation allowance

 

 

(23,938)

 

 

(600)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net deferred tax liabilities

 

$

(6,709)

 

$

(13,571)

 

 

Schedule of reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts and aggregate changes in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending and aggregate changes in the gross balances of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    

December 31, 

 

 

 

2018

    

2017

    

2016

 

Beginning balance

 

$

592

 

$

 —

 

$

 —

 

Increases in balances for tax positions taken during the current year

 

 

146

 

 

592

 

 

 —

 

Increases in balances for tax positions taken during prior years

 

 

2,666

 

 

 —

 

 

 —

 

Settlements and effective settlements with tax authorities

 

 

(1,979)

 

 

 —

 

 

 —

 

Lapse of statute of limitations

 

 

(95)

 

 

 —

 

 

 —

 

Total

 

$

1,330

 

$

592

 

$

 —