DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

There were no new discontinued operations in 2013. For the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company recorded net losses from discontinued operations and disposal of $0.2 million. The losses primarily include expenses associated with special

termination benefits provided to certain employees of the former FSTech Group that were retained to assist with transition services with the acquirer. Upon conclusion of these transition services, management initiated a voluntary separation plan ("VSP"), which resulted in expense of approximately $0.6 million being recognized in the year ended December 31, 2013 when the employees accepted the terms of the VSP. The net loss from discontinued operations and disposal for the year ended December 31, 2013 also includes certain adjustments relating to assets of other previously discontinued operations.

The following tables summarizes the operating results of the Company’s discontinued operations:



(in millions)	2012			2011
Federal Signal Technologies
Net sales	$	87.0		$	106.9
Interest allocated to discontinued operations	4.8			—
Goodwill and intangible assets impairment	0.6			20.6
Other costs and expenses	100.0			116.2
Loss before income taxes	(18.4		)	(29.9		)
Income tax benefit	3.6			2.0
Loss from discontinued operations	$	(14.8	)	$	(27.9	)

(in millions)				2011
China WOFE
Net sales				$	0.2
Costs and expenses				0.5
Loss before income taxes				(0.3		)
Income tax benefit				—
Loss from discontinued operations				$	(0.3	)

On June 21, 2012, the Company announced that it had signed a definitive agreement to sell the FSTech Group for $110.0 million, subject to working capital adjustments. In accordance with ASC Topic 360, Impairment and Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (“ASC 360”), the Company met held for sale criteria during the second quarter of 2012 and the FSTech Group was reported as a discontinued operation in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. In accordance with ASC 360-10, net assets held for sale with a carrying value of $121.1 million were written down to fair value less cost to sell or $97.6 million (fair value of $101.0 million and costs to sell of $3.4 million). This write-down resulted in a $23.5 million loss for the six months ended June 30, 2012. The valuation methodology for the net assets held for sale was based upon a contract price which is an observable input (Level 2).

On September 4, 2012, the Company completed the disposition of the assets of the FSTech Group for $110.0 million in cash, subject to working capital adjustments in favor of the buyer of $5.9 million. The Company received $82.1 million in cash at closing and the remaining $22.0 million was placed into escrow as security for indemnification obligations provided by the Company pursuant to the sale agreement, including defense and other costs associated with the Neology lawsuits discussed in Note 13, Legal Proceedings. Additionally, in the third quarter of 2012, the Company recognized an additional loss related to a change in its estimate of total proceeds to be received from escrowed amounts of $5.0 million, an increase in the carrying value of the FSTech Group through the date of divestiture of $0.8 million and additional costs to sell of approximately $0.5 million. The working capital adjustment, the additional loss related to the change in estimated proceeds to be received from escrowed amounts, the increase in the carrying value of the FSTech Group and the additional costs to sell resulted in an additional loss of $12.2 million for the third quarter of 2012. The Company recorded a total loss of $34.7 million on disposal for the year ended December 31, 2012.

A significant portion of the escrow identified for general indemnification obligations is being held for a period of 18 months following the sale date with the remaining general escrow funds to be held for 36 months following the sale date. Subsequent to the settlement agreement relating to the Neology lawsuits that was reached in the second quarter of 2013, the Company received disbursement of the balance of the funds remaining in escrow that were associated with the Neology lawsuits during the third quarter of 2013. This disbursement resulted in an adjustment to the loss from discontinued operations in our financial statements and was not material to the Company's results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.

If and when any additional escrowed proceeds are released, the Company may recognize an adjustment to the loss from discontinued operations in its financial statements. The net carrying amount of the escrow receivable was classified in other current assets at December 31, 2013 and deferred charges and other long-term assets at December 31, 2012, and was $7.8 million and $8.0 million, respectively. Subsequent to December 31, 2013, the buyer made a claim of $0.8 million against the escrow identified for general indemnification obligations. The Company is currently investigating the merits of the claim. On March 4, 2014, the remaining escrow receivable balance of $7.0 million was released to the Company.

As required by ASC 350-20, goodwill of a reporting unit is to be tested for impairment between annual tests whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. An interim test for goodwill and indefinite-lived asset impairment was completed for the FSTech Group during the second quarter of 2012. The Company determined that the trade names associated with the FSTech Group reporting unit were impaired and recorded an impairment charge of $0.6 million. Goodwill was reviewed for impairment based on a two-step test. The first step, used to identify potential impairment, compared the fair value of the FSTech Group with its carrying amount. The carrying amount of the FSTech Group exceeded its fair value; therefore, the second step of the goodwill impairment test was required to be performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The second step compared the implied fair value of the FSTech Group goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The Company determined that the carrying amount of the goodwill was less than the implied fair value of that goodwill, and consequently was not required to recognize an impairment loss.

During the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company performed the annual assessment, determined that the goodwill and certain trade names within the FSTech Group were lower than the carrying value, and recorded impairment charges of $14.8 million and $7.4 million, respectively.

During the fourth quarter of 2010, the Company performed the annual assessment, determined that the goodwill and certain trade names within the FSTech Group reporting unit were lower than carrying value, and recorded impairment charges of $67.1 million and $11.8 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2010, the goodwill impairment charge was an estimate. Upon completion of the detailed second step impairment analysis in the first quarter of 2011, the Company recorded an adjustment of $1.6 million which reduced a portion of the original goodwill impairment recognized during the fourth quarter of 2010.

In accordance with ASC 205-20-45-6, Allocation of Interest to Discontinued Operations, the Company has allocated interest on debt that is required to be repaid as a result of a disposal transaction to discontinued operations. The consolidated financial statements for all periods presented have been recast to present the operating results of the FSTech Group and previously divested or exited businesses as discontinued operations.

In December 2010, the Company determined that its China WOFE business was no longer strategic. The results of the China WOFE operations previously were included within the Environmental Solutions and Safety and Security Systems Groups. In 2012, the Company recorded a gain of $0.4 million on discontinued operations associated with the liquidation of the assets of the China WOFE business. The 2011 loss includes $0.5 million of costs associated with the winddown of the business.

In May 2012, the Company sold its Pearland Texas facility, which was previously used by the Company’s discontinued Pauluhn business, for proceeds of $0.9 million and recorded a pre-tax gain of $0.4 million. The Company retains certain liabilities for discontinued operations prior to January 1, 2011, primarily for environmental remediation and product liability.

Included in liabilities of discontinued operations at December 31, 2013 and 2012 is $1.4 million and $1.8 million, respectively, related to environmental remediation at the Pearland, Texas facility, and $3.6 million and $4.6 million, respectively, relating to estimated product liability obligations of the discontinued North American refuse truck body business.