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Commitments and Contingencies
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and Contingencies
Purchase Obligations
As of March 31, 2018, there have been no material changes to the Company’s purchase obligations outside the ordinary course of business as compared to December 31, 2017.
Legal Proceedings
The Company is subject to various claims and lawsuits in the ordinary course of business, including from time to time, contractual disputes, employment matters, product and general liability claims, claims that the Company has infringed on the intellectual property rights of others, claims related to alleged security system failures, and consumer and employment class actions. In the ordinary course of business, the Company is also subject to regulatory and governmental examinations, information requests and subpoenas, inquiries, investigations, and threatened legal actions and proceedings. In connection with such formal and informal inquiries, the Company receives numerous requests, subpoenas, and orders for documents, testimony, and information in connection with various aspects of its activities. The Company has recorded accruals for losses that it believes are probable to occur and are reasonably estimable. While the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company believes that the resolution of any such proceedings (other than matters specifically identified below), will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Environmental Matters
On October 25, 2013, ADT was notified by subpoena that the Office of the Attorney General of California, in conjunction with the Alameda County District Attorney, is investigating whether certain of ADT’s electronic waste disposal policies, procedures, and practices are in violation of the California Business and Professions Code and the California Health and Safety Code.  During 2016, Protection One was also notified by the same parties that it was subject to a similar investigation. Both the Protection One and ADT investigations are ongoing and the Company is attempting to coordinate joint handling of both investigations and is cooperating fully with the respective authorities.
Wireless Encryption Litigation
The Company is subject to five class action claims regarding wireless encryption in certain ADT security systems. Jurisdictionally, three of the five cases are in Federal Court (in districts within Illinois, Arizona, and California), and both of the remaining two cases are in Florida State Court (both in Palm Beach County Circuit Court). Each of the five plaintiffs brought a claim under the respective state’s consumer fraud statute alleging that The ADT Corporation (“The ADT Corporation” refers to The ADT Security Corporation (formerly named The ADT Corporation) and each of its consolidated subsidiaries prior to the consummation of the ADT Acquisition) made misrepresentations and material omissions in its advertising regarding the unencrypted wireless signal pathways in certain security systems monitored by The ADT Corporation. The complaints in all five cases further allege that certain security systems monitored by The ADT Corporation are not secure because the wireless signal pathways are unencrypted, and can be easily hacked. On January 10, 2017, the parties agreed to settle all five class action lawsuits. On October 16, 2017, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California entered an order granting preliminary approval of the settlement. Notice to class members was issued November 16, 2017, and the settlement is currently in the administration process. A fairness hearing regarding the settlement was conducted on February 1, 2018. The Court took the matter under advisement and subsequently stayed the settlement proceedings pending an appellate ruling on a related legal issue. The deadline for filing claims expired on February 26, 2018. The settlement administrator will not pay any claims until the Court enters an order granting final approval of the settlement.
TCPA Class Action relating to 2G-3G Radio Conversion Project
In August 2016, the Company was served with a class action complaint pending in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia filed by a customer alleging that The ADT Corporation violated the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 (“TCPA”) by calling his cell phone, which was the only telephone number he provided to The ADT Corporation for his customer account, as part of The ADT Corporation’s efforts to communicate with customers affected by the Federal Communications Commission order allowing wireless carriers to sunset 2G wireless networks. Plaintiff seeks to represent a nationwide class of all The ADT Corporation customers who received such calls to their cell phones from 2013 to present. The premise of the plaintiff’s claim is that The ADT Corporation’s calls were telemarketing calls, which require a higher level of consent, and not transactional/business relationship calls because The ADT Corporation used the 2G transactional calls in an attempt to sell additional products and services. Plaintiff filed a motion for class certification. The ADT Corporation filed its opposition to class certification and further filed a motion for summary judgment in September 2017. The motions are fully briefed and are pending before the Court.
Shareholder Litigation
Five substantially similar shareholder class action lawsuits related to the January 19, 2018 IPO of ADT Inc. common stock were filed in the Circuit Court of the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit in and for Palm Beach County, Florida in March, April, and early May 2018. The actions are entitled Goldstrand Investments Inc. v. ADT Inc., Krebsbach v. ADT Inc., Katz v. ADT Inc., Sweet v. ADT, Inc., and Lowinger v. ADT Inc. Plaintiffs in each case allege the purchase of ADT common stock in or traceable to the IPO, assert claims for alleged violations of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), and seek to represent a class of similarly situated shareholders. Plaintiffs in all five cases name ADT Inc. and various ADT officers, directors, and IPO underwriters, including Apollo Global Securities, LLC, as defendants. Plaintiffs allege that the defendants violated the Securities Act because the registration statement and prospectus used to effectuate the IPO were false and misleading in that they allegedly misled investors with respect to litigation involving ADT, ADT’s efforts to protect its intellectual property, competitive pressures ADT faced, and ADT’s customer acquisition costs. Additionally, two plaintiffs allege that the defendants misled investors with respect to false alarm pressures. The Company has not been served in these matters.
Income Tax Matters
On September 28, 2012, Johnson Controls International plc (as successor to Tyco International Ltd., “Tyco”) distributed to its public stockholders The ADT Corporation’s common stock (the “Separation from Tyco”), and The ADT Corporation became an independent public company. In connection with the Separation from Tyco in September 2012, The ADT Corporation entered into the 2012 Tax Sharing Agreement that governs the rights and obligations of The ADT Corporation, Tyco, and Pentair Ltd. for certain pre-Separation from Tyco tax liabilities, including Tyco’s obligations under the 2007 Tax Sharing Agreement among Tyco, Covidien, now operating as a subsidiary of Medtronic, and TE Connectivity. The ADT Corporation is responsible for all of its own taxes that are not shared pursuant to the 2012 Tax Sharing Agreement’s sharing formulae. Tyco and Pentair Ltd. are likewise responsible for their tax liabilities that are not subject to the 2012 Tax Sharing Agreement’s sharing formulae. Tyco has the right to administer, control, and settle all U.S. income tax audits for the periods prior to and including the Separation from Tyco.
All tax years through 2009 have been audited and resolved with the IRS. The IRS is currently auditing the 2010-2012 tax years, and should the IRS successfully challenge any tax positions taken in those years the Company’s share of the collective liability, if any, would be determined pursuant to the 2012 Tax Sharing Agreement. In accordance with the 2012 Tax Sharing Agreement, Tyco is responsible for the first $500 million of tax, interest, and penalties assessed against pre-2013 tax years including its 27% share of the tax, interest, and penalties assessed for periods prior to Tyco’s 2007 spin-off transaction. In addition to the Company’s share of cash taxes pursuant to the 2012 Tax Sharing Agreement, the Company’s net operating loss (“NOL”) and credit carryforwards may be significantly reduced or eliminated by audit adjustments to pre-2013 tax periods. NOL and credit carryforwards may be reduced prior to incurring any cash tax liability, and will not be compensated for under the tax sharing agreement. The Company believes that its income tax reserves and the liabilities recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheet for the 2012 Tax Sharing Agreement continue to be appropriate. However, the ultimate resolution of these matters is uncertain, and if the IRS were to prevail, it could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows, potentially including a significant reduction in or the elimination of the Company’s available NOL and credit carryforwards generated in pre-Separation from Tyco periods. Further, to the extent The ADT Corporation is responsible for any liability under the 2012 Tax Sharing Agreement, there could be a material impact on its financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or its effective tax rate in future reporting periods.
During the third quarter of 2017, the Company was notified by the IRS of its intent to disallow amortization deductions claimed on the Company’s $987 million trademark and the Notice of Proposed Adjustment was received from the IRS in April 2018. There was no change in the Company’s previous assessment of this item. The Company intends to challenge this decision before the Appeals Division of the IRS. If the Company were to lose the dispute, it would result in minimal cash tax liabilities to ADT, no impact to the Company’s Statement of Operations, but material loss to the Company’s NOL deferred tax assets. The Company strongly disagrees with the IRS’s position and maintains that the deductions claimed are appropriate. The Company intends to vigorously defend its originally filed tax return position.
Other liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets include $2 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 related to The ADT Corporation’s obligations under certain tax related agreements entered into in conjunction with the Separation from Tyco. The maximum amount of potential future payments is not determinable as such payments relate to unknown conditions and future events that cannot be predicted.