DERIVATIVE AND NON-DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Hedging Programs

The Company is exposed to market risks, such as changes in foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, and interest rates. To mitigate these market risks and their effects on the cash flows of the underlying transactions and investments in foreign subsidiaries, the Company uses various derivative and non-derivative instruments when appropriate in accordance with the Company's hedging strategy and policies. Designation is performed on a specific exposure basis to support hedge accounting. The Company does not enter into derivative transactions for speculative purposes.

For further information on hedging programs, see Note 10, "Derivatives", to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of the Company's 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Fair Value Hedges

Fair value hedges are defined as derivative or non-derivative instruments designated as and used to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability or an identified portion thereof that is attributable to a particular risk. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings. In second quarter 2016, the Company entered into interest rate swaps to hedge the interest rate risk on the 3.8% notes due 2025. As of June 30, 2016, the total notional amount of the Company's interest rate swap was $75 million. As of December 31, 2015, there were no outstanding interest rate swap hedges that were designated as fair value hedges.

Fair Value Measurement of Derivatives Designated as Fair Value Hedging Instruments



(Dollars in millions)	Statement of Financial Position Location	Fair Value Measurement
Derivative Assets	Statement of Financial Position Location	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Interest rate swap	Other noncurrent assets	$	2	$	—

Derivatives' Fair Value Hedging Relationships



	Second Quarter
(Dollars in millions)	Consolidated Statement of Earnings Location of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives	Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives
Derivatives' Fair Value Hedging Relationships		2016		2015
Interest rate swaps	Net interest expense	$	3	$	3



	First Six Months
(Dollars in millions)	Consolidated Statement of Earnings Location of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives	Amount of Gain/ (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives
Derivatives' Fair Value Hedging Relationships		2016		2015
Interest rate swaps	Net interest expense	$	7	$	7

Cash Flow Hedges

Cash flow hedges are derivative instruments designated as and used to hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that are attributable to a particular risk. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of "Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax" ("OCI") located in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Earnings, Comprehensive Income and Retained Earnings and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the derivatives representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in current earnings.

Total Notional Amounts



		June 30, 2016	December 31, 2015
Foreign Exchange Forward and Option Contracts (in millions):
	EUR/USD (in EUR)	€498	€618
	EUR/USD (in approximate USD equivalent)	$552	$689
	JPY/USD (in JPY)	¥1,800	¥2,400
	JPY/USD (in approximate USD equivalent)	$17	$20
Commodity Forward and Collar Contracts:
	Feedstock (in million barrels)	16	22
	Energy (in million million British thermal units)	30	32
Interest rate swaps for the future issuance of debt (in millions)		$500	$500

Fair Value Measurement of Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedging Instruments



(Dollars in millions)		Fair Value Measurements Significant Other Observable Inputs
Derivative Assets	Statement of Financial Position Location	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Commodity contracts	Other current assets	$	2	$	—
Commodity contracts	Other noncurrent assets	2		—
Foreign exchange contracts	Other current assets	49		65
Foreign exchange contracts	Other noncurrent assets	55		79
		$	108	$	144



(Dollars in millions)		Fair Value Measurements Significant Other Observable Inputs
Derivative Liabilities	Statement of Financial Position Location	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Commodity contracts	Payables and other current liabilities	$	106	$	194
Commodity contracts	Other long-term liabilities	142		242
Forward starting interest rate swap contracts	Payables and other current liabilities	78		—
Forward starting interest rate swap contracts	Other long-term liabilities	—		30
		$	326	$	466

Derivatives' Cash Flow Hedging Relationships



	Second Quarter
(Dollars in millions)	Change in amount after tax of gain/(loss) recognized in Other Comprehensive Income on derivatives (effective portion)						Location of gain/(loss) reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into income (effective portion)	Pre-tax amount of gain/(loss) reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into income (effective portion)
Derivatives' Cash Flow Hedging Relationships	2016			2015				2016			2015
Commodity contracts	$	79		$	22		Sales	$	—		$	1
							Cost of Sales	(65		)	(62		)
Foreign exchange contracts	1			(28		)	Sales	15			22
Forward starting interest rate swap contracts	(9		)	15			Net interest expense	(2		)	(2		)
	$	71		$	9			$	(52	)	$	(41	)

	First Six Months
(Dollars in millions)	Change in amount after tax of gain/(loss) recognized in Other Comprehensive Income on derivatives (effective portion)						Location of gain/(loss) reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into income (effective portion)	Pre-tax amount of gain/(loss) reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into income (effective portion)
Derivatives' Cash Flow Hedging Relationships	2016			2015				2016			2015
Commodity contracts	$	109		$	27		Sales	$	—		$	3
							Cost of sales	(85		)	(78		)
Foreign exchange contracts	(25		)	27			Sales	30			43
Forward starting interest rate swap contracts	(27		)	7			Net interest expense	(4		)	(4		)
	$	57		$	61			$	(59	)	$	(36	)

Net Investment Hedges

Net investment hedges are defined as derivative or non-derivative instruments designated as and used to hedge the foreign currency exposure of the net investment in certain foreign operations. The effective portion of the gain or loss on the net investment hedge is reported as a component of "Change in cumulative translation adjustment" ("CTA") within OCI located in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Earnings, Comprehensive Income and Retained Earnings. Gains and losses representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in current earnings.

Contemporaneously with its sale on May 26, 2016 of euro-denominated 1.50% notes due 2023 in the principal amount of €550 million ($614 million), the Company designated these borrowings as a non-derivative hedge of a portion of its net investment in one of its euro functional currency denominated subsidiaries to protect the designated net investment against foreign currency fluctuations. As of June 30, 2016, the total notional value of the non-derivative net investment hedge was €544 million ($604 million). The designated foreign currency-denominated borrowings are included as part of "Long-term borrowings'" within the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

The following table summarizes the change in the unrealized gain on the net investment hedge instruments recognized as part of the CTA within OCI during second quarter 2016. No portion of the gain was reclassified into income and there was no hedge ineffectiveness with these instruments during second quarter 2016.



	Second Quarter				First Six Months
(Dollars in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Change in unrealized gain in other comprehensive income	$	3	$	—	$	3	$	—

Hedging Summary

Monetized positions and mark-to-market gains and losses from raw materials and energy, currency, and certain interest rate hedges that were included in accumulated OCI before taxes totaled losses of $282 million at June 30, 2016 and $333 million at June 30, 2015. If realized, $65 million net losses as of June 30, 2016 will be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months.

Ineffective portions of raw material and energy hedges are immediately recognized in earnings within "Cost of sales" in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Earnings, Comprehensive Income and Retained Earnings. The Company recognized pre-tax losses for ineffectiveness of the commodity hedging portfolio of $2 million and $1 million during the first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The gains or losses on nonqualifying derivatives or derivatives that are not designated as hedges are marked to market and reported in "Other income, net" in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Earnings, Comprehensive Income and Retained Earnings, and, in all periods presented, represent foreign exchange derivatives denominated in multiple currencies and are transacted and settled in the same quarter. The Company recognized $23 million and $1 million net losses on nonqualifying derivatives during second quarter 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company recognized $14 million and $12 million net losses on nonqualifying derivatives during the first six months of 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Fair Value Measurements

For additional information on fair value measurement, see Note 1, "Significant Accounting Policies", to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of the Company's 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The following chart shows the gross financial assets and liabilities valued on a recurring basis.



(Dollars in millions)				Fair Value Measurements at June 30, 2016
Description	June 30, 2016			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Derivative Assets	$	110		$	—	$	110		$	—
Derivative Liabilities	(326		)	—		(326		)	—
	$	(216	)	$	—	$	(216	)	$	—



(Dollars in millions)				Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2015
Description	December 31, 2015			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Derivative Assets	$	144		$	—	$	144		$	—
Derivative Liabilities	(466		)	—		(466		)	—
	$	(322	)	$	—	$	(322	)	$	—

All of the Company's derivative assets and liabilities are currently classified as Level 2. Level 2 fair value is based on estimates using standard pricing models. These standard pricing models use inputs which are derived from or corroborated by observable market data such as interest rate yield curves and currency spot and forward rates. The fair value of commodity contracts is derived using forward curves supplied by an industry recognized and unrelated third party. In addition, on an ongoing basis, the Company tests a subset of its valuations against valuations received from the transaction's counterparty to validate the accuracy of its standard pricing models. Counterparties to these derivative contracts are highly rated financial institutions which the Company believes carry minimal risk of nonperformance.

All of the Company's derivative contracts are subject to master netting arrangements, or similar agreements, which provide for the option to settle contracts on a net basis when they settle on the same day and in the same currency. In addition, these arrangements provide for a net settlement of all contracts with a given counterparty in the event that the arrangement is terminated due to the occurrence of default or a termination event. Management has elected to present the derivative contracts on a gross basis in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Had it chosen to present the derivatives contracts on a net basis, it would have a derivative in a net asset position of $109 million and a derivative in a net liability position of $325 million as of June 30, 2016. The Company does not have any cash collateral due under such agreements.