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SEGMENT INFORMATION
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
SEGMENT INFORMATION
SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company's products and operations are managed and reported in four operating segments: Additives & Functional Products ("AFP"), Advanced Materials ("AM"), Chemical Intermediates ("CI"), and Fibers. Beginning January 1, 2018:
Eastman's primary measure of operating performance for all periods presented is EBIT on a consolidated and segment basis. Previously, the Company's primary measure of operating performance was operating earnings;
As a result of recent changes in the management of products and operations to better align resources for growth initiatives, products previously reported in the CI operating segment are reported in the AFP operating segment; and
Sales revenue and innovation costs from the nonwovens and textiles innovation products previously reported in "Other" are reported in the Fibers operating segment due to accelerating commercial progress of growth initiatives.

Additives & Functional Products Segment

In the AFP segment, the Company manufactures chemicals for products in the transportation, consumables, building and construction, animal nutrition, crop protection, energy, personal and home care, and other markets.

The products the Company manufactures in the coatings and inks additives product line can be broadly classified as polymers and additives and solvents and include specialty coalescents, specialty solvents, paint additives, and specialty polymers. The adhesives resins product line consists of hydrocarbon and rosin resins. The tire additives product line includes insoluble sulfur rubber additives, antidegradant rubber additives, and performance resins. The care chemicals business consists of amine derivative-based building blocks for the production of flocculants and intermediates for surfactants. In the specialty fluids product line, the Company produces heat transfer and aviation fluids products. The animal nutrition business consists of organic acid-based solutions product lines. The crop protection business consists of metam-based soil fumigants, thiram and ziram-based fungicides, and plant growth regulator products.

 
Percentage of Total Segment Sales
Product Lines
2018
2017
2016
Coatings and Inks Additives
23%
23%
24%
Adhesives Resins
16%
18%
21%
Tire Additives
17%
17%
17%
Care Chemicals
17%
17%
15%
Specialty Fluids
13%
13%
11%
Animal Nutrition and Crop Protection
14%
12%
12%
Total
100%
100%
100%

 
Percentage of Total Segment Sales
Sales by Customer Location
2018
2017
2016
United States and Canada
36%
35%
37%
Asia Pacific
24%
23%
21%
Europe, Middle East, and Africa
34%
36%
35%
Latin America
6%
6%
7%
Total
100%
100%
100%

Advanced Materials Segment

In the AM segment, the Company produces and markets polymers, films, and plastics with differentiated performance properties for value-added end-uses in transportation, consumables, building and construction, durable goods, and health and wellness markets.

The specialty plastics product line consists of two primary products: copolyesters and cellulose esters. The advanced interlayers product line includes polyvinyl butyral sheet and specialty polyvinyl butyral intermediates. The performance films product line primarily consists of window film and protective film products for aftermarket applied films.

 
Percentage of Total Segment Sales
Product Lines
2018
2017
2016
Specialty Plastics
49%
51%
50%
Advanced Interlayers
33%
33%
34%
Performance Films
18%
16%
16%
Total
100%
100%
100%

 
Percentage of Total Segment Sales
Sales by Customer Location
2018
2017
2016
United States and Canada
35%
36%
37%
Asia Pacific
33%
33%
32%
Europe, Middle East, and Africa
27%
26%
26%
Latin America
5%
5%
5%
Total
100%
100%
100%

Chemical Intermediates Segment

The CI segment leverages large scale and vertical integration from the cellulose and acetyl, olefins, and alkylamines streams to support the Company's specialty operating segments with advantaged cost positions. The CI segment sells excess intermediates beyond the Company's internal specialty needs into markets such as industrial chemicals and processing, building and construction, health and wellness, and agrochemicals.

In the intermediates product line, the Company produces olefin derivatives, acetyl derivatives, ethylene, and commodity solvents. The plasticizers product line consists of a unique set of primary non-phthalate and phthalate plasticizers and a range of niche non-phthalate plasticizers. The functional amines product lines include methylamines and salts, and higher amines and solvents.
 
Percentage of Total Segment Sales
Product Lines
2018
2017
2016
Intermediates
60%
64%
65%
Plasticizers
20%
19%
20%
Functional Amines
20%
17%
15%
Total
100%
100%
100%

 
Percentage of Total Segment Sales
Sales by Customer Location
2018
2017
2016
United States and Canada
64%
68%
69%
Asia Pacific
15%
14%
12%
Europe, Middle East, and Africa
15%
12%
13%
Latin America
6%
6%
6%
Total
100%
100%
100%

Fibers Segment

In the Fibers segment, Eastman manufactures and sells cellulose acetate tow for use in filtration media, primarily cigarette filters. The acetyl chemicals product line consists of triacetin, cellulose acetate flake, and acetyl raw materials for other acetate fiber producers. The acetate yarn product line consists of natural (undyed) acetate and polyester yarn and solution-dyed acetate yarn for use in apparel, home furnishings, and industrial fabrics. The nonwovens product line consists primarily of the nonwovens innovation products previously reported in "Other".
 
Percentage of Total Segment Sales
Product Lines
2018
2017
2016
Acetate Tow
69%
77%
80%
Acetyl Chemical Products
15%
15%
13%
Acetate Yarn
10%
8%
7%
Nonwovens
6%
—%
—%
Total
100%
100%
100%

 
Percentage of Total Segment Sales
Sales by Customer Location
2018
2017
2016
United States and Canada
26%
22%
21%
Asia Pacific
33%
37%
44%
Europe, Middle East, and Africa
37%
37%
29%
Latin America
4%
4%
6%
Total
100%
100%
100%

Other

Sales revenue in the table below for "Other" in 2017 and 2016 is primarily sales from the nonwovens innovation products. Beginning first quarter 2018, sales revenue and innovation costs from the nonwovens and textiles innovation products previously reported in "Other" are reported in the Fibers operating segment due to accelerating commercial progress of growth initiatives.
 
For years ended December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Sales by Segment
 
 
 
 
 
Additives & Functional Products
$
3,647

 
$
3,343

 
$
2,979

Advanced Materials
2,755

 
2,572

 
2,457

Chemical Intermediates
2,831

 
2,728

 
2,534

Fibers
918

 
852

 
992

Total Sales by Operating Segment
$
10,151

 
$
9,495

 
$
8,962

Other

 
54

 
46

Total Sales
$
10,151

 
$
9,549

 
$
9,008


 
For years ended December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes by Segment
 
 
 
 
 
Additives & Functional Products
$
639

 
$
653

 
$
607

Advanced Materials
509

 
483

 
472

Chemical Intermediates
308

 
255

 
171

Fibers
257

 
181

 
331

Total EBIT by Operating Segment
1,713

 
1,572

 
1,581

Other
 
 
 
 
 
Growth initiatives and businesses not allocated to operating segments
(114
)
 
(114
)
 
(82
)
Pension and other postretirement benefit plans income (expense), net not allocated to operating segments
(17
)
 
93

 
(44
)
Restructuring and acquisition integration and transaction costs
(6
)
 
(5
)
 
(44
)
Other income (charges), net not allocated to operating segments
(24
)
 
(16
)
 
(22
)
Total EBIT
$
1,552

 
$
1,530

 
$
1,389


 
December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2018
 
2017
Assets by Segment (1)
 
 
 
Additives & Functional Products
$
6,545

 
$
6,648

Advanced Materials
4,456

 
4,379

Chemical Intermediates
2,934

 
3,000

Fibers
978

 
929

Total Assets by Operating Segment
14,913

 
14,956

Corporate Assets
1,082

 
1,043

Total Assets
$
15,995

 
$
15,999



(1) 
The chief operating decision maker holds operating segment management accountable for accounts receivable, inventory, fixed assets, goodwill, and intangible assets.
 
For years ended December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Depreciation and Amortization Expense by Segment
 
 
 
 
 
Additives & Functional Products
$
219

 
$
213

 
$
208

Advanced Materials
169

 
164

 
160

Chemical Intermediates
151

 
148

 
157

Fibers
64

 
58

 
51

Total Depreciation and Amortization Expense by Operating Segment
603

 
583

 
576

Other
1

 
4

 
4

Total Depreciation and Amortization Expense
$
604

 
$
587

 
$
580

 
For years ended December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Capital Expenditures by Segment
 
 
 
 
 
Additives & Functional Products
$
150

 
$
229

 
$
212

Advanced Materials
187

 
248

 
244

Chemical Intermediates
137

 
116

 
128

Fibers
50

 
52

 
38

Total Capital Expenditures by Operating Segment
524

 
645

 
622

Other
4

 
4

 
4

Total Capital Expenditures
$
528

 
$
649

 
$
626


Sales are attributed to geographic areas based on customer location and long-lived assets are attributed to geographic areas based on asset location.
(Dollars in millions)
For years ended December 31,
Geographic Information
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Sales
 
 
 
 
 
United States
$
4,118

 
$
3,999

 
$
3,803

All foreign countries
6,033

 
5,550

 
5,205

Total
$
10,151

 
$
9,549

 
$
9,008

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Net properties
 
 
 
 
 
United States
$
4,228

 
$
4,203

 
$
4,066

All foreign countries
1,372

 
1,404

 
1,210

Total
$
5,600

 
$
5,607

 
$
5,276