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RETIREMENT PLANS
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
RETIREMENT PLANS RETIREMENT PLANS
Defined Benefit Pension Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans

Eastman maintains defined benefit pension plans that provide eligible employees with retirement benefits. In addition, Eastman provides life insurance for eligible retirees hired prior to January 1, 2007. Company funding is provided for eligible Medicare retirees hired prior to January 1, 2007 with a health reimbursement arrangement. Costs recognized for these benefits are estimated amounts, which may change as actual costs for the year are determined.

For additional information regarding retirement plans, see Note 11, "Retirement Plans", to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of the Company's 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Components of net periodic benefit (credit) cost were as follows:
Third Quarter
 Pension PlansOther Postretirement Benefit Plans
2023202220232022
(Dollars in millions)U.S.Non-U.S.U.S.Non-U.S.
Service cost$6 $2 $7 $2 $— $— 
Interest cost19 8 11 3 7 4 
Expected return on assets(22)(6)(32)(7)(1)(1)
Amortization of:
Prior service credit, net— — — — (7)(8)
Net periodic benefit (credit) cost$3 $4 $(14)$(2)$(1)$(5)
First Nine Months
Pension PlansOther Postretirement Benefit Plans
2023202220232022
(Dollars in millions)U.S.Non-U.S.U.S.Non-U.S.
Service cost$17 $6 $19 $9 $— $— 
Interest cost58 22 33 11 20 11 
Expected return on assets(66)(19)(96)(24)(3)(3)
Amortization of:
Prior service credit, net— — — — (20)(24)
Mark-to-market pension and other postretirement benefits (gain) loss, net (1)
— — 7 (10)— — 
Net periodic benefit (credit) cost$9 $9 $(37)$(14)$(3)$(16)
(1)     Also includes curtailment triggered by the 2022 sale of the adhesives resins business which is included in "Other components of post-employment (benefit) cost, net" on the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Earnings, Comprehensive Income and Retained Earnings.

In 2022, subsequent to the adhesives resins divestiture, the Company retained pension liabilities of certain plan participants. As such, the status of those participants changed in a Non-U.S. pension plan which triggered a curtailment and an interim MTM remeasurement of the impacted Non-U.S. pension plan's assets and liabilities. First nine months 2022 included a curtailment gain of $7 million, including $3 million reduction in the pension benefit obligation and $4 million of prior service credits recognized immediately, and a MTM gain of $3 million.

Settlements are triggered in a plan when distributions exceed the sum of service cost and interest cost of the respective plan. Lump sum payments from a U.S. pension plan resulted in a plan settlement in first nine months 2022. The settlement itself was not material, but it triggered an interim MTM remeasurement of the impacted U.S. pension plan's assets and liabilities resulting in a MTM loss of $7 million in first nine months 2022.