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Investment Securities Available for Sale | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Investments [Abstract] |
Investment Securities Available for Sale | Note 2 - Investment Securities Available for Sale The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and estimated fair values of investment securities available for sale at December 31, 2022 and 2021 are summarized below.
|  | December 31, 2022
(in thousands) |  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 515,953 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (44,140) |  |  | $ | 471,813 |
U.S. Government agency securities |  | 52,411 |  |  | — |  |  | (3,613) |  |  | 48,798 |
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies |  | 904,593 |  |  | 1,624 |  |  | (113,468) |  |  | 792,749 |
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government sponsored enterprises |  | 8,144,374 |  |  | 936 |  |  | (1,250,240) |  |  | 6,895,070 |
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises |  | 769,498 |  |  | — |  |  | (114,371) |  |  | 655,127 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises |  | 877,590 |  |  | — |  |  | (71,645) |  |  | 805,945 |
Corporate debt securities and other debt securities |  | 8,908 |  |  | — |  |  | (307) |  |  | 8,601 |
Total investment securities available for sale |  | $ | 11,273,327 |  |  | $ | 2,560 |  |  | $ | (1,597,784) |  |  | $ | 9,678,103 |
|  | December 31, 2021
(in thousands) |  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 120,465 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (2,627) |  |  | $ | 117,838 |
U.S. Government agency securities |  | 53,214 |  |  | 1,374 |  |  | (387) |  |  | 54,201 |
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies |  | 790,329 |  |  | 768 |  |  | (11,464) |  |  | 779,633 |
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government sponsored enterprises |  | 8,063,890 |  |  | 50,491 |  |  | (102,080) |  |  | 8,012,301 |
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises |  | 951,691 |  |  | 4,658 |  |  | (16,726) |  |  | 939,623 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises |  | 479,420 |  |  | 8,644 |  |  | (6,320) |  |  | 481,744 |
Asset-backed securities |  | 514,188 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 514,188 |
Corporate debt securities and other debt securities |  | 18,309 |  |  | 492 |  |  | — |  |  | 18,801 |
Total investment securities available for sale |  | $ | 10,991,506 |  |  | $ | 66,427 |  |  | $ | (139,604) |  |  | $ | 10,918,329 |
At December 31, 2022 and 2021, investment securities with a carrying value of $4.47 billion and $4.03 billion, respectively, were pledged to secure certain deposits and other liabilities, as required by law or contractual agreements. Gross unrealized losses on investment securities and the fair value of the related securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are presented below.
|  | December 31, 2022
|  | Less than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or Longer |  | Total
(in thousands) |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 139,737 |  |  | $ | (6,789) |  |  | $ | 307,582 |  |  | $ | (37,351) |  |  | $ | 447,319 |  |  | $ | (44,140) |
U.S. Government agency securities |  | 28,938 |  |  | (1,053) |  |  | 19,603 |  |  | (2,560) |  |  | 48,541 |  |  | (3,613) |
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies |  | 187,655 |  |  | (5,952) |  |  | 521,395 |  |  | (107,516) |  |  | 709,050 |  |  | (113,468) |
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government sponsored enterprises |  | 1,473,348 |  |  | (120,135) |  |  | 5,365,233 |  |  | (1,130,105) |  |  | 6,838,581 |  |  | (1,250,240) |
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises |  | 119,649 |  |  | (10,311) |  |  | 535,478 |  |  | (104,060) |  |  | 655,127 |  |  | (114,371) |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises |  | 565,382 |  |  | (29,383) |  |  | 240,564 |  |  | (42,262) |  |  | 805,946 |  |  | (71,645) |
Corporate debt securities and other debt securities |  | 8,601 |  |  | (307) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,601 |  |  | (307) |
Total |  | $ | 2,523,310 |  |  | $ | (173,930) |  |  | $ | 6,989,855 |  |  | $ | (1,423,854) |  |  | $ | 9,513,165 |  |  | $ | (1,597,784) |
|  | December 31, 2021
|  | Less than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or Longer |  | Total
(in thousands) |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 49,648 |  |  | $ | (379) |  |  | $ | 47,590 |  |  | $ | (2,248) |  |  | $ | 97,238 |  |  | $ | (2,627) |
U.S. Government agency securities |  | 21,760 |  |  | (387) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,760 |  |  | (387) |
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies |  | 461,078 |  |  | (5,858) |  |  | 244,264 |  |  | (5,606) |  |  | 705,342 |  |  | (11,464) |
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government sponsored enterprises |  | 5,729,476 |  |  | (82,671) |  |  | 643,758 |  |  | (19,409) |  |  | 6,373,234 |  |  | (102,080) |
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises |  | 187,431 |  |  | (3,981) |  |  | 504,238 |  |  | (12,745) |  |  | 691,669 |  |  | (16,726) |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises |  | 146,672 |  |  | (2,951) |  |  | 83,533 |  |  | (3,369) |  |  | 230,205 |  |  | (6,320) |
Total |  | $ | 6,596,065 |  |  | $ | (96,227) |  |  | $ | 1,523,383 |  |  | $ | (43,377) |  |  | $ | 8,119,448 |  |  | $ | (139,604) |
As of December 31, 2022, Synovus had 213 investment securities in a loss position for less than twelve months and 210 investment securities in a loss position for twelve months or longer. Synovus does not intend to sell investment securities in an unrealized loss position prior to the recovery of the unrealized loss, which may not be until maturity, and has the ability and intent to hold those securities for that period of time. Additionally, Synovus is not currently aware of any circumstances which will require it to sell any of the securities that are in an unrealized loss position prior to the respective securities' recovery of all such unrealized losses. As such, no write-downs to the amortized cost basis of the portfolio were recorded at December 31, 2022. At December 31, 2022, no ACL was established for investment securities. Substantially all of the unrealized losses on the securities portfolio were the result of changes in market interest rates compared to the date the securities were acquired rather than the credit quality of the issuers or underlying loans. U.S. Treasury and agency securities and agency mortgage-backed securities are issued, guaranteed or otherwise supported by the United States government, an agency of the United States government, or a government sponsored enterprise. The amortized cost and fair value by contractual maturity of investment securities available for sale at December 31, 2022 are shown below. The expected life of MBSs or CMOs may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. For purposes of the maturity table, MBSs and CMOs, which are not due at a single maturity date, have been classified based on the final contractual maturity date.
|  | Distribution of Maturities at December 31, 2022
(in thousands) |  | Within One Year |  | 1 to 5 Years |  | 5 to 10 Years |  | More Than 10 Years |  | Total
Amortized Cost |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 24,293 |  |  | $ | 441,804 |  |  | $ | 49,856 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 515,953 |
U.S. Government agency securities |  | 273 |  |  | 22,148 |  |  | 29,990 |  |  | — |  |  | 52,411 |
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies |  | — |  |  | 534 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 904,055 |  |  | 904,593 |
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government sponsored enterprises |  | — |  |  | 4,659 |  |  | 109,583 |  |  | 8,030,132 |  |  | 8,144,374 |
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises |  | — |  |  | 91 |  |  | 12,293 |  |  | 757,114 |  |  | 769,498 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises |  | — |  |  | 573,334 |  |  | 238,228 |  |  | 66,028 |  |  | 877,590 |
Corporate debt securities and other debt securities |  | — |  |  | 8,908 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,908 |
Total amortized cost |  | $ | 24,566 |  |  | $ | 1,051,478 |  |  | $ | 439,954 |  |  | $ | 9,757,329 |  |  | $ | 11,273,327 |
Fair Value |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 24,293 |  |  | $ | 407,430 |  |  | $ | 40,090 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 471,813 |
U.S. Government agency securities |  | 273 |  |  | 19,588 |  |  | 28,937 |  |  | — |  |  | 48,798 |
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies |  | — |  |  | 517 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 792,228 |  |  | 792,749 |
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government sponsored enterprises |  | — |  |  | 4,451 |  |  | 102,400 |  |  | 6,788,219 |  |  | 6,895,070 |
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises |  | — |  |  | 88 |  |  | 11,808 |  |  | 643,231 |  |  | 655,127 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises |  | — |  |  | 540,820 |  |  | 203,757 |  |  | 61,368 |  |  | 805,945 |
Corporate debt securities and other debt securities |  | — |  |  | 8,601 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,601 |
Total fair value |  | $ | 24,566 |  |  | $ | 981,495 |  |  | $ | 386,996 |  |  | $ | 8,285,046 |  |  | $ | 9,678,103 |
Gross gains and gross losses on sales of securities available for sale for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 are presented below. The specific identification method is used to reclassify gains and losses out of other comprehensive income (loss) at the time of sale.
(in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Gross realized gains on sales |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,191 |  |  | $ | 85,375 |
Gross realized losses on sales |  | — |  |  | (1,990) |  |  | (6,444) |
Investment securities gains (losses), net |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (799) |  |  | $ | 78,931 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for investments in certain debt and equity securities. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 320 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2209399 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 946 -SubTopic 320 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2324412 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2196928 Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 940 -SubTopic 320 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2176304 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher SEC -Name Regulation S-K (SK) -Number 229 -Section 1403 -Paragraph (b) + Details
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