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Pension and Severance Plans (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Schedule of Accrued Severance Obligation
The changes to the balance of our accrued severance plan obligations are as follows:
For the Year Ended December 31,
20242023
(In thousands)
Balance at January 1$47,906 $56,289 
Provision of severance benefits3,142 1,653 
Severance payments(1,416)(8,770)
Foreign currency (gain) loss(6,194)(1,266)
Balance at December 3143,438 47,906 
Payments remaining with the National Pension Fund(101)(119)
Total accrued severance plan obligations at December 3143,337 47,787 
Less current portion of accrued severance plan obligations (Note 10) (1)12,231 7,906 
Non-current portion of accrued severance plan obligations$31,106 $39,881 
(1)In December 2024, some employees accepted our offer to convert their Korean severance and defined benefit pension plan participation to a defined contribution plan. This will result in the conversion of approximately $5 million of obligations from our Korean severance plan to a defined contribution plan, which is expected to be funded during the first quarter of 2025.
Schedule of Changes in Projected Benefit Obligations and Fair Value of Plan Assets The following table summarizes the changes to the Plans’ benefit obligations, fair value of the Plans’ assets and the funded status of the Plans at December 31, 2024 and 2023:
For the Year Ended December 31,
20242023
(In thousands)
Change in projected benefit obligation:
Projected benefit obligation at January 1$164,281 $159,760 
Service cost13,645 15,032 
Interest cost5,718 6,202 
Benefits paid(11,320)(14,056)
Actuarial (gain) loss2,458 4,150 
Effects of curtailment(320)(617)
Settlement(883)(1,073)
Foreign exchange (gain) loss(14,423)(5,117)
Projected benefit obligation at December 31159,156 164,281 
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at January 1129,196 127,338 
Actual gain (loss) on plan assets8,918 12,325 
Employer contributions12,165 7,368 
Settlement(883)(1,073)
Benefits paid(11,320)(14,056)
Foreign exchange gain (loss)(12,794)(2,706)
Fair value of plan assets at December 31125,282 129,196 
Funded status of the Plans at December 31$(33,874)$(35,085)
Schedule of Defined Benefit Plans - Balance Sheet
December 31,
20242023
(In thousands)
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of:
Prepaid benefit cost (included in non-current assets)$5,991 $12,039 
Accrued benefit liability (included in pension and severance obligations) (1)(39,865)(47,124)
Net amount recognized at year end$(33,874)$(35,085)
(1)As of December 31, 2024, $0.9 million was recognized in accrued expenses.
Schedule of Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The following table summarizes, by component, the change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax related to our Plans:
Prior Service
Cost
Actuarial Net Gain (Loss)Total
(In thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2022$602 $13,618 $14,220 
Amortization and settlement gain included in net periodic pension cost— (46)(46)
Net gain (loss) arising during period— 1,731 1,731 
Adjustments to unrealized components of defined benefit pension plan included in other comprehensive income (loss)— 1,685 1,685 
Balance at December 31, 2023$602 $15,303 $15,905 
Amortization and settlement gain included in net periodic pension cost— (388)(388)
Net gain (loss) arising during period— 1,053 1,053 
Adjustments to unrealized components of defined benefit pension plan included in other comprehensive income (loss)— 665 665 
Balance at December 31, 2024$602 $15,968 $16,570 
Schedule of Benefit Obligations in Excess of Fair Value of Plan Assets
Information for pension plans with benefit obligations in excess of plan assets is as follows:
December 31,
20242023
(In thousands)
Plans with underfunded or non-funded projected benefit obligation:
Aggregate projected benefit obligation$92,191 $100,662 
Aggregate fair value of plan assets52,326 53,539 
Plans with underfunded or non-funded accumulated benefit obligation:
Aggregate accumulated benefit obligation55,646 60,638 
Aggregate fair value of plan assets20,122 21,304 
Schedule of Components of Net Periodic Pension Cost
The following table summarizes total pension expense:
For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
(In thousands)
Components of net periodic pension cost and total pension expense:
Service cost$13,645 $15,032 $20,072 
Interest cost5,718 6,202 4,731 
Expected return on plan assets(5,554)(5,144)(5,605)
Recognized actuarial (gain) loss(462)(156)53 
Net periodic pension cost13,347 15,934 19,251 
Curtailment (gain) loss(320)(617)— 
Settlement (gain) loss33 132 (1,374)
Total pension expense$13,060 $15,449 $17,877 
Schedule of Weighted-average Assumptions Used in Computing the Net Periodic Pension Cost and Projected Benefit Obligations
The following table summarizes the weighted-average assumptions used in computing the net periodic pension cost and projected benefit obligations:
For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Discount rate for determining net periodic pension cost3.8 %4.2 %2.6 %
Discount rate for determining benefit obligations at December 313.8 %3.8 %4.2 %
Rate of compensation increase for determining net periodic pension cost3.7 %3.6 %3.7 %
Rate of compensation increase for determining benefit obligations at December 313.8 %3.7 %3.6 %
Expected rate of return on plan assets for determining net periodic
pension cost
4.5 %4.1 %3.8 %
Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets The current rate of return assumption targets are based on asset allocation strategies as follows:
Allocation
DebtEquityOther
Japan defined benefit plan64 %34 %%
Korea defined benefit plan30 %20 %50 %
Philippine defined benefit plan50 %45 %%
The fair value of our pension plan assets, by asset category utilizing the fair value hierarchy as discussed in Note 16, is as follows:
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Level 1Level 2TotalLevel 1Level 2Total
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents$749 $— $749 $217 $— $217 
Equity securities14,276 — 14,276 13,680 — 13,680 
Debt securities
Government bonds3,712 — 3,712 3,674 — 3,674 
Corporate bonds 1,259 — 1,259 1,130 — 1,130 
Treasury notes11,881 — 11,881 11,993 — 11,993 
Mutual and commingled funds
Equity funds11,950 7,270 19,220 29,016 7,807 36,823 
Debt funds18,210 12,516 30,726 12,031 13,163 25,194 
Guaranteed investment contracts — 30,365 30,365 — 23,189 23,189 
Taiwan retirement fund 12,428 — 12,428 12,478 — 12,478 
Other, net — 666 666 — 818 818 
Total fair value of pension plan assets$74,465 $50,817 $125,282 $84,219 $44,977 $129,196 
Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments
The estimated future benefit payments related to our foreign defined benefit plans are as follows:
Payments
(In thousands)
2025$9,307 
202611,145 
202713,419 
202814,037 
202913,922 
2030 to 203497,256