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Income Taxes | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2019
Income Taxes |
12. | Income Taxes
The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine month s ended September 30, 2019 was a n income tax provision of 0.7% and 18.3% , respectively, compared to income tax provision s of 27.6% and 24.6% for the corresponding periods in the prior year. The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was lower than the U.S. statutory rate of 21% due primarily to windfall benefits on stock option exercises and the vesting of RSUs. The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was higher than the U.S. statutory rate of 21% due to state tax effects and the impact of the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) tax enacted as part of the of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted in December 2017 . ASU 2016-16, “Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory,” requires the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory to be recognized when the intra-entity transfer occurs rather than deferring recognition of income tax consequences until the transfer was made with an outside party. The Company adopted the provisions of this ASU in the first quarter of 2018. The adoption resulted in a decrease of $5.7 million to other assets, a decrease of $5.0 million to deferred tax liabilities and a decrease of $0.7 million to accumulated deficit at January 1, 2018. At December 31, 2018, the Company had federal business tax credit carryforwards of $2.9 million and state business tax credit carryforwards of $0.4 million available to reduce future domestic income taxes, if any. The business tax credits carryforwards will expire at various dates through December 2038. The net operating loss and business tax credit carryforwards are subject to review and possible adjustment by the Internal Revenue Service and may be limited in the event of certain changes in the ownership interest of significant stockholders. On December 22, 2017, President Trump signed into law the Act. The Act made significant changes to federal tax law, including, but not limited to, a reduction in the federal income tax rate from 35% to 21%, taxation of certain global intangible low-taxed income, allowing for immediate expensing of qualified assets, stricter limits on deductions for interest and certain executive compensation, and a one-time transition tax on previously deferred earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries. In December 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 to address the application of GAAP in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of H.R.1. The Company recognized the provisional tax impacts related to deemed repatriated earnings and the revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities and included these amounts in its consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017. During 2018, final adjustments noted below were made to the provisional amounts recorded during 2017, and the Company completed its accounting for various tax impacts of the Act. The Act lowered the Company’s U.S. statutory federal tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The Company recorded a tax benefit of $12.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2017 for the reduction in its US deferred tax assets and liabilities resulting from the rate change. The accounting for this item is complete and no adjustments were made to this amount during 2018. The Act included a one-time deemed repatriation transition tax whereby entities that are shareholders of a specified foreign corporation must include in gross income the undistributed and previously untaxed post-1986 earnings and profits of the specified foreign corporation. The Company’s provisional amount recorded at December 31, 2017 increased its tax provision by $3.3 million. As of December 31, 2018, the accounting for this item was complete and the Company recorded a tax benefit of $1.3 million as a result of refining our calculations of post-1986 earnings and profits for our foreign subsidiaries. The Company is subject to a territorial tax system under the Act, in which the Company is required to provide for tax on GILTI earned by certain foreign subsidiaries. The Company has adopted an accounting policy to provide for the tax expense related to GILTI in the year the tax is incurred as a period expense. The Company’s tax returns are subject to examination by federal, state and international tax authorities for the following periods:
Jurisdiction |  | Fiscal Years Subject to Examination |
United States—federal and state |  |  | 2015 - 2018 |
Sweden |  |  | 2012 - 2018 |
Germany |  |  | 2017 - 2018 |
Netherlands |  |  | 2012 - 2018 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144680 + Details
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