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Variable Interest Entities | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
Variable Interest Entities [Abstract] |
Variable Interest Entities | Variable Interest Entities In July 2020, CMS Enterprises purchased a 51-percent ownership interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. At that time, Aviator Wind Equity Holdings owned 100 percent of Aviator Wind, a 525-MW wind generation project being developed and constructed in Coke County, Texas. Of Aviator Wind’s 525-MW nameplate capacity, 420 MW has been committed under long-term PPAs. Aviator Wind became operational in September 2020 and, at that time, Aviator Wind Equity Holdings sold a Class A membership interest in Aviator Wind to a tax equity investor, BHE Renewables, LLC, a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company. Aviator Wind Equity Holdings retained a Class B membership interest in Aviator Wind. Earnings, tax attributes, and cash flows generated by Aviator Wind are allocated among and distributed to the membership classes in accordance with the ratios specified in the associated limited liability company operating agreement; these ratios change over time and are not representative of the ownership interest percentages of each membership class. Since Aviator Wind’s income and cash flows are not distributed among its investors based on ownership interest percentages, CMS Enterprises allocates Aviator Wind’s income (loss) among its investors by applying the hypothetical liquidation at book value method. This method calculates each investor’s earnings based on a hypothetical liquidation of Aviator Wind at the net book value of its underlying net assets as of the balance sheet date. The liquidation tax gain (loss) is allocated to each investor’s capital account, resulting in income (loss) equal to the period change in the investor’s capital account balance. CMS Enterprises then receives 51 percent of the earnings, tax attributes, and cash flows that were allocated to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and Aviator Wind represent VIEs. In accordance with the associated limited liability company operating agreement, the tax equity investor is guaranteed preferred returns from Aviator Wind. However, CMS Enterprises manages and controls the operating activities of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and, ultimately, Aviator Wind. As a result, CMS Enterprises is the primary beneficiary of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and Aviator Wind, as it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the companies, as well as the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the companies. CMS Enterprises consolidates Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and Aviator Wind and presents the Class A membership interest and 49 percent of the Class B membership interest in Aviator Wind as noncontrolling interests. No gain or loss was recognized upon initial consolidation of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and Aviator Wind. Presented in the following table are the carrying values of the VIEs’ assets and liabilities included in CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets:
In Millions |  |
December 31 | 2020 |
Current |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 7 |  |  |
Accounts receivable |  | 5 |  |  |
Prepayments and other current assets |  | 1 |  |  |
Non-current |  |  |  |
Plant, property, and equipment, net |  | 692 |  |  |
Total assets 1 |  | $ | 705 |  |  |
Current |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 3 |  |  |
Non-current |  |  |  |
Asset retirement obligations |  | 19 |  |  |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 22 |  |  |
1 Assets may be used only to meet VIEs’ obligations and commitments. Other VIEs: CMS Energy has variable interests in T.E.S. Filer City, Grayling, Genesee, and Craven. While CMS Energy owns 50 percent of each partnership, it is not the primary beneficiary of any of these partnerships because decision making is shared among unrelated parties, and no one party has the ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance, such as operations and maintenance, plant dispatch, and fuel strategy. The partners must agree on all major decisions for each of the partnerships. Presented in the following table is information about these partnerships:
Name | Nature of the Entity | Nature of CMS Energy’s Involvement
T.E.S. Filer City | Coal-fueled power generator | Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
Employee assignment agreement
Grayling | Wood waste-fueled power generator | Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers 1
Operating and management contract
Genesee | Wood waste-fueled power generator | Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers 1
Operating and management contract
Craven | Wood waste-fueled power generator | Operating and management contract
1 Reduced dispatch agreements allow the facilities to be dispatched based on the market price of power compared with the cost of production of the plants. This results in fuel cost savings that each partnership shares with Consumers’ customers. The creditors of these partnerships do not have recourse to the general credit of CMS Energy or Consumers. Consumers has not provided any financial or other support during the periods presented that was not previously contractually required.CMS Energy’s investment in these partnerships is included in investments on its consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $70 million as of December 31, 2020 and $71 million as of December 31, 2019.

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- Definition Variable Interest Entities [Abstract] + References No definition available. + Details
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- Definition The entire disclosure for a variable interest entity (VIE), including but not limited to, judgments and assumptions in determining whether to consolidate and in identifying the primary beneficiary, gain (loss) recognized on the initial consolidation of the VIE, terms of arrangements, amounts and classification of the VIE's assets and liabilities, and the entity's maximum exposure to loss. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2197479 + Details
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