Exhibit 21.1
For the purpose of this filing, information is organized under the headings of CMS Energy Corporation (Tier 1), CMS Capital, L.L.C. (Tier 2), NorthStar Clean Energy Company, formerly known as CMS Enterprises Company (Tier 2), CMS Treasury Services, LLC (Tier 2), and Consumers Energy Company (Tier 2). As set forth in detail below, CMS Energy Corporation is the parent company of CMS Capital, L.L.C., NorthStar Clean Energy Company, CMS Treasury Services, LLC, and Consumers Energy Company. All ownership interests are 100 percent unless indicated parenthetically to the contrary and are accurate as of December 31, 2025.

NAME of COMPANY | JURISDICTION of ORGANIZATION
01 CMS ENERGY CORPORATION | Michigan
02 CMS Capital, L.L.C. | Michigan
03 CMS Land Company | Michigan
02 NorthStar Clean Energy Company | Michigan
Conducts business under the following assumed names: |
CMS Enterprises |
CMS Enterprises Company |
NorthStar Clean Energy |
NorthStar Clean Energy, A CMS Company |
NorthStar Clean Energy, A CMS Energy Company |
03 Genesee Solar Energy Holding Company, LLC | Michigan
03 NSCE Development Company, LLC (99%) | Michigan
04 Filer City Carbon Capture, LLC | Michigan
04 Nymphaea Solar, LLC | Delaware
04 Lake Iris Solar, LLC | Delaware
04 Hart Solar Partners, LLC | Delaware
04 Michigan Carbon Free Energy | Michigan
03 NSCE DevCo Partner, LLC | Michigan
04 NSCE Development Company, LLC (1%) | Michigan
03 Dearborn Industrial Energy, L.L.C. | Michigan
04 Dearborn Industrial Generation, L.L.C. | Michigan
03 CMS Energy Resource Management Company | Michigan
04 CMS ERM Michigan LLC | Michigan
03 CMS Enterprises Sustainable Energy, LLC | Michigan
04 NorthStar Onsite, LLC | Delaware
04 Grand River Solar, LLC | Michigan
05 Michigan Solar Holdings, LLC | Michigan
06 BG Solar Equity Holdings, LLC | Michigan
07 BG Solar Holdings I, LLC | Michigan
08 BG Solar Holdings, LLC | Michigan
09 Branch Solar, LLC | Delaware
08 Genesee Solar Holdings Partnership | Michigan
09 Genesee Solar Energy, LLC | Delaware
06 HL Solar Equity Holdings, LLC | Delaware
07 HL Solar Holdings II, LLC | Delaware
07 HL Solar Holdings I, LLC | Delaware
07 HL Solar Holdings, LLC | Delaware

NAME of COMPANY | JURISDICTION of ORGANIZATION
05 Delta Solar Equity Holdings, LLC (50%) | Delaware
06 Delta Solar Power I, LLC | Michigan
06 Delta Solar Power II, LLC | Michigan
05 Hart Solar Holdings II, LLC | Delaware
06 Hart Solar Holdings I, LLC | Delaware
05 Newport Solar Equity Holdings, LLC | Delaware
06 Newport Solar Holdings II, LLC (99%) | Delaware
07 Newport Solar Holdings I, LLC | Delaware
06 Newport Solar Holdings III, LLC | Delaware
07 Newport Solar, LLC | Delaware
06 Newport Solar Holdings IV, Inc. | Delaware
07 Newport Solar Holdings II, LLC (1%) | Delaware
05 Hercules Solar, LLC | Delaware
05 Diamond Solar, LLC | Missouri
05 Allegan Solar, LLC | Michigan
04 Grand River Wind, LLC | Michigan
05 NWO Wind Equity Holdings, LLC (50%) | Delaware
06 NWO Holdco I, LLC | Delaware
07 NWO Holdco, L.L.C. | Delaware
08 Northwest Ohio Wind, LLC | Ohio
09 Northwest Ohio IA, LLC (97%) | Delaware
05 Northwest Ohio Solar, LLC | Delaware
06 Northwest Ohio IA, LLC (3%) | Delaware
05 Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, LLC (51%) | Delaware
06 AW Holdings III, LLC | Delaware
07 AW Holdings II, LLC | Delaware
08 AW Holdings I, LLC | Delaware
09 Aviator Wind Holdings, LLC | Delaware
10 Aviator Wind, LLC | Delaware
03 CMS Gas Transmission Company | Michigan
04 CMS International Ventures, L.L.C. (37.01%) (See Exhibit A for list of subsidiaries) | Michigan
03 CMS International Ventures, L.L.C. (61.49%) (See Exhibit A for list of subsidiaries) | Michigan
03 HYDRA‑CO Enterprises, Inc. (See Exhibit B for list of subsidiaries) | New York
02 CMS Treasury Services, LLC | Michigan
02 Consumers Energy Company | Michigan
Conducts business under the following assumed names: |
Consumers Business Energy Services |
Consumers Energy |
Consumers Energy Business Services |
Consumers Energy Consultants |

NAME of COMPANY | JURISDICTION of ORGANIZATION
Consumers Energy Contractor Network |
Consumers Energy Dealer Network |
Consumers Energy Finance |
Consumers Energy Fitness Audits |
Consumers Energy Group |
Consumers Energy HouseCall |
Consumers Energy HouseCall Services |
Consumers Energy Management |
Consumers Energy Resources |
Consumers Energy Security Services |
Consumers Energy Services |
Consumers Energy Systems |
Consumers Energy Traders |
Consumers Power |
Consumers Power Company |
Laboratory Commercial Services |
Laboratory Services |
Michigan Gas Storage |
Michigan Gas Storage Company |
Technical Training Centers |
Zeeland Power Company |
03 CMS Engineering Co. | Michigan
03 Consumers 2014 Securitization Funding LLC | Delaware
03 Consumers Campus Holdings, LLC | Michigan
03 Consumers Receivables Funding II, LLC | Delaware
03 ES Services Company | Michigan
03 Consumers 2023 Securitization Funding LLC | Delaware

Exhibit A
Subsidiaries of CMS International Ventures, L.L.C. (98.5%)

NAME of COMPANY | JURISDICTION of ORGANIZATION
04 CMS Electric & Gas, L.L.C. | Michigan
05 CMS Venezuela, S.A. | Venezuela
05 ENELMAR S.A. | Venezuela

Exhibit B
Subsidiaries of HYDRA‑CO Enterprises, Inc.

NAME of COMPANY | JURISDICTION of ORGANIZATION
04 CMS Generation Filer City, Inc. | Michigan
05 T.E.S. Filer City Station Limited Partnership (50%) | Michigan
04 CMS Generation Filer City Operating LLC | Michigan
04 CMS Generation Genesee Company | Michigan
05 Genesee Power Station Limited Partnership (1% GP) | Delaware
04 CMS Generation Grayling Company | Michigan
05 Grayling Generating Station Limited Partnership (1% GP) | Michigan
06 AJD Forest Products Limited Partnership (49.5% LP) | Michigan
06 GGS Holdings Company | Michigan
07 AJD Forest Products Limited Partnership (0.5% GP) | Michigan
05 Grayling Partners Land Development, L.L.C. (1%) | Michigan
04 CMS Generation Grayling Holdings Company | Michigan
05 Grayling Generating Station Limited Partnership (49% LP) | Michigan
06 AJD Forest Products Limited Partnership (49.5%LP) | Michigan
06 GGS Holdings Company | Michigan
07 AJD Forest Products Limited Partnership (0.5% GP) | Michigan
05 Grayling Partners Land Development, L.L.C. (49%) | Michigan
04 CMS Generation Holdings Company | Michigan
05 Genesee Power Station Limited Partnership (48.75% LP) | Delaware
05 GPS Newco, L.L.C. (50%) | Kansas
06 Genesee Power Station Limited Partnership (0.5% LP) | Delaware
04 CMS Generation Michigan Power L.L.C. | Michigan
05 Kalamazoo Holdco, LLC | Michigan
05 Kalamazoo Generating Station, LLC | Michigan
05 Livingston Holdco, LLC | Michigan
05 Livingston Generating Station, LLC | Michigan
04 CMS Generation Operating Company II, Inc. | New York
04 CMS Generation Operating LLC | Michigan
04 CMS Generation Recycling Company | Michigan
05 Mid-Michigan Recycling, L.C. (50%) | Michigan
04 Craven County Wood Energy Limited Partnership (44.99% LP) | Delaware
04 Dearborn Generation Operating, L.L.C. | Michigan
04 HCE-Biopower, Inc. | New York
05 IPP Investment Partnership (51%) | Michigan
06 Craven County Wood Energy Limited Partnership (0.01% LP) | Delaware
04 IPP Investment Partnership (49%) | Michigan
05 Craven County Wood Energy Limited Partnership (0.01% LP) | Delaware
04 New Bern Energy Recovery, Inc. | Delaware
05 Craven County Wood Energy Limited Partnership (5% GP) | Delaware