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28. OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Disclosure Of Operating Costs And Expenses [abstract]  
Schedule of operating costs and expenses

The operating costs are as follows:

 

    2020  

2019

(Restated)

  2018
Personnel (a)     1,276       1,272       1,410  
Employees’ and managers’ profit sharing     142       263       77  
Post-employment benefits (reversals) – Note 24     438       408       337  
Materials     79       91       104  
Outsourced services (b)     1,265       1,239       1,087  
Energy bought for resale (c)     12,111       11,286       11,084  
Depreciation and amortization (1)     989       958       835  
Operating provisions  and adjustments for operating losses (d)     423       2,401       466  
Charges for use of the national grid     1,748       1,426       1,480  
Gas bought for resale     1,083       1,436       1,238  
Construction costs (e)     1,581       1,200       897  
Other operating expenses, net (f)     297       494       405  
      21,432       22,474       19,420  

 

  (1) Net of PIS/Pasep and Cofins taxes applicable to amortization of the right-of-use assets in the amount of R$2.
Schedule of outsourced services
b) Outsourced services

 

    2020   2019   2018
Meter reading and bill delivery     127       128       129  
Communication     71       69       80  
Maintenance and conservation of electrical facilities and equipment     443       404       323  
Building conservation and cleaning     108       110       110  
Contracted labor     9       17       21  
Freight and airfares     2       7       7  
Accommodation and meals     9       14       12  
Security services     19       18       20  
Consultant     41       24       16  
Maintenance and conservation of furniture and utensils     6       5       4  
Information technology     80       63       59  
Maintenance and conservation of vehicles     2       3       2  
Disconnection and reconnection     39       70       62  
Environmental services     10       14       14  
Legal services     21       28       27  
Tree pruning     48       46       28  
Cleaning of power line pathways     75       61       41  
Copying and legal publications     17       21       21  
Inspection of customer units     35       14       10  
Other expenses     103       123       101  
      1,265       1,239       1,087  
Schedule of electricity purchased for resale
c) Energy purchased for resale

 

    2020   2019   2018
Supply from Itaipu Binacional     1,990       1,429       1,351  
Physical guarantee quota contracts     780       715       679  
Quotas for Angra I and II nuclear plants     303       269       267  
Spot market     1,497       1,886       1,818  
Proinfa Program     318       376       324  
‘Bilateral’ contracts     333       311       484  
Energy acquired in Regulated Market auctions     3,334       3,021       3,346  
Energy acquired in the Free Market     3,977       4,098       3,871  
Distributed generation (‘Geração distribuída’)     678       207       —    
PIS/Pasep and Cofins credits     (1,099 )     (1,026 )     (1,056 )
      12,111       11,286       11,084  
Schedule of operating provision (reversals) and adjustments for operating losses
d) Operating provision (reversals) and adjustments for operating losses

 

    2020   2019   2018
Estimated losses on doubtful accounts receivables (Note 8) (1)     147       238       264  
Estimated losses on other accounts receivables (2)     —         11       (4 )
Estimated losses on accounts receivables from related parties (3) (note 30)     37       688       —    
                         
Contingency provisions (reversals) (Note 25) (4)                        
Labor claims     46       136       42  
Civil     43       24       13  
Tax (5)     75       1,228       (5 )
Other     22       12       1  
      186       1,400       51  
      370       2,337       311  
Adjustment for losses                        
Put option – RME and LEPSA     —         —         48  
Put option – SAAG (Note 31)     53       64       107  
      53       64       155  
      423       2,401       466  

 

(1) The expected losses on receivables are presented as selling expenses in the Statement of Income.
(2) The estimated losses on other accounts receivable are presented in the consolidated Statement of income as operating expenses.
(3) Estimated losses on accounts receivable from Renova, as a result of the assessment of the jointly-controlled entity credit risk.
(4) The provisions for contingencies of the holding company are presented in the consolidated statement of income for the year as operating expenses.
(5) The provision recognized in 2019 is due to the Company’s reassessment, based on the opinion of its legal advisers, of the probability of loss in legal actions disputing social security contributions on the payments of profit-sharing to its employees from 1999 to 2016. For more information, see note 25.
Schedule of construction cost
e) Construction costs

 

    2020   2019   2018
Personnel and managers     83       85       70  
Materials     775       595       379  
Outsourced services     598       421       364  
Others     125       99       84  
      1,581       1,200       897  
Schedule of other operating expenses (revenues), net
f) Other operating expenses (revenues), net

 

    2020  

2019

(Restated)

  2018
Leasing and rentals     11       20       93  
Advertising     7       9       19  
Own consumption of energy     24       21       27  
Subsidies and donations     22       40       22  
Onerous concession     3       3       3  
Insurance     25       12       7  
CCEE annual charge     6       6       6  
Net loss (gain) on deactivation and disposal of assets     81       88       7  
Forluz – Administrative running cost     30       30       28  
Collection agents     86       88       78  
Obligations deriving from investment contracts (1)     9       32       —    
Taxes and charges     7       10       9  
Other expenses (2)     (14 )     135       106  
      297       494       405  

 

  (1) This refers to claims under the agreement made between Aliança Geração, Vale S.A. and Cemig. The action is provisioned at the cost of R$119 (R$98 on December 31, 2019), of which Cemig is responsible for R$41 (R$32 on December 31, 2019).
  (2) Includes the impairment loss recognized for intangible asset relating to the authorization for wind power generation granted to Volta do Rio in the amount of R$22.