<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-26-020665.txt : 20260226
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-26-020665.hdr.sgml : 20260226
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20260226173752
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-26-020665
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	S-3ASR
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		19
FILED AS OF DATE:		20260226
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20260226
EFFECTIVENESS DATE:		20260226

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			RHYTHM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001649904
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	03 Life Sciences
		EIN:				462159271
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		S-3ASR
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-293826
		FILM NUMBER:		26690767

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		222 BERKELEY STREET
		STREET 2:		12TH FLOOR
		CITY:			BOSTON
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			02116
		BUSINESS PHONE:		857-264-4280

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		222 BERKELEY STREET
		STREET 2:		12TH FLOOR
		CITY:			BOSTON
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			02116

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	RHYTHM METABOLIC, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20150803
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>S-3ASR
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>tm267280-1_s3asr.htm
<DESCRIPTION>S-3ASR
<TEXT>
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    <title>tm267280-1_s3asr - none - 5.2536444s</title>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February&#160;26, 2026</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.18pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:0.9pt; text-align:right; width:541.31pt; line-height:10pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Registration No. 333-&#8199;&#8199;&#8199;&#8199;&#8199;&#8199;&#8199;&#8199;</font>&#8203;</div>
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          <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 541.31pt; margin-top: 1.4pt; font-size: 2pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 2pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">UNITED STATES</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</font>
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        <div style="margin-top:1pt; text-align:center; width:541.31pt; line-height:10pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Washington, D.C. 20549</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.18pt;"> </font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">Form S-3</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.28pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:4pt; text-align:center; width:541.31pt; line-height:10.5pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="font-style:normal;letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">REGISTRATION STATEMENT</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">UNDER</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:6.9pt; text-align:center; width:541.31pt; line-height:15pt;font-weight:bold;font-size:14pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">RHYTHM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.28pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:-1pt; text-align:center; width:541.31pt; line-height:8pt;font-size:7pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.14pt;">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) </font>
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          <div style="margin-left: 40.024%; margin-right: 40.024%; margin-top: 6.06666666666666pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
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                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Delaware </font>
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                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">46-2159271 </font>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.14pt;">(State or other jurisdiction of</font>
                <br >
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.14pt;">incorporation or organization) </font>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:1.5pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:264.65pt;">
              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.14pt;">(I.R.S. Employer</font>
                <br >
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.14pt;">Identification Number)</font>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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        <div style="margin-top:11.9pt; text-align:center; width:541.31pt; line-height:9.5pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">222 Berkeley Street</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">12th Floor</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Boston, MA 02116</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">(857) 264-4280 </font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.14pt;">(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant&#8217;s principal executive offices) </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:4pt; text-align:center; width:541.31pt; line-height:9.5pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">David P. Meeker, M.D.</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Chief Executive Officer, President and Chairman of the Board</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc.</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">222 Berkeley Street</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">12th Floor</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Boston, MA 02116</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">(857) 264-4280 </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:0.9pt; text-align:center; width:541.31pt; line-height:8pt;font-size:7pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.14pt;">(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service) </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:4pt; text-align:center; width:541.31pt; line-height:9.5pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Copies to</font><font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">:</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.18pt;"> </font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Peter N. Handrinos</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Wesley C. Holmes </font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Jennifer A. Yoon</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Latham &amp; Watkins LLP</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">200 Clarendon Street</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">Boston, MA 02116</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">(617) 948-6060</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.18pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:4pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:9.5pt;">
          <font style="font-weight:bold;letter-spacing:-0.18pt;">APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC:</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;"> From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:4pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:9.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. &#9744; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:4pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:9.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule&#160;415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box.&#160;&#9746; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:4pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:9.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule&#160;462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. &#9744; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:4pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:9.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule&#160;462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. &#9744; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:4pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:9.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule&#160;462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. &#9746; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:4pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:9.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule&#160;413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. &#9744; </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:4pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of &#8220;large accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;smaller reporting company,&#8221; and &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221; in Rule&#160;12b-2 of the Exchange Act. </font>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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              <div style=" float:left; line-height:9pt; text-align:left; width:96pt;white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">Large accelerated filer</font>
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              <div style=" line-height:9pt; text-align:left; margin-left:96pt;">
                <!--blacklining:none;-->
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">&#9746; </font>
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              <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:244.65pt;">
              <div style=" float:left; line-height:9pt; text-align:left; width:116pt;white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">Accelerated filer</font>
                <br >
              </div>
              <div style=" line-height:9pt; text-align:left; margin-left:116pt;">
                <!--blacklining:none;-->
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">&#9744; </font>
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              <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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          <tr style="line-height:8.97000000000003pt;white-space:normal;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:9pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.53pt 0pt 0.78pt 0pt; width:244.66pt;">
              <div style=" float:left; line-height:9pt; text-align:left; width:96pt;white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">Non-accelerated filer</font>
                <br >
              </div>
              <div style=" line-height:9pt; text-align:left; margin-left:96pt;">
                <!--blacklining:none;-->
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">&#9744; </font>
              </div>
              <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.53pt 0pt 0.78pt 0pt; width:244.65pt;">
              <div style=" float:left; line-height:9pt; text-align:left; width:116pt;white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">Smaller reporting company</font>
                <br >
              </div>
              <div style=" line-height:9pt; text-align:left; margin-left:116pt;">
                <!--blacklining:none;-->
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">&#9744; </font>
              </div>
              <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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          <tr style="line-height:8.97000000000003pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:9pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:244.66pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.53pt 0pt 0.78pt 0pt; width:244.65pt;white-space:normal;">
              <div style=" float:left; line-height:9pt; text-align:left; width:116pt;white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">Emerging growth company</font>
                <br >
              </div>
              <div style=" line-height:9pt; text-align:left; margin-left:116pt;">
                <!--blacklining:none;-->
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">&#9744;</font>
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              <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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        </table>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:12pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.18pt;">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section&#160;7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act. &#9744; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:5.5pt; width:541.31pt;">
          <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 541.31pt; margin-top: 5.5pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:2pt; width:541.31pt;">
          <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 541.31pt; margin-top: 2pt; font-size: 2pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 2pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;height:660pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">EXPLANATORY NOTE</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This registration statement contains: </font>
        </div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">a base prospectus which covers the offering, issuance and sale from time to time by the registrant of the registrant&#8217;s common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and/or&#160;units and the resale from time to time by the selling stockholders identified herein of 2,395,831 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of the registrant&#8217;s Series&#160;A Convertible Preferred Stock; and </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">a sales agreement prospectus supplement covering the offering, issuance and sale by the registrant of up to a maximum aggregate offering price of $200,000,000 of the registrant&#8217;s common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under a Sales Agreement, or the sales agreement, with TD Securities (USA) LLC. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">The base prospectus immediately follows this explanatory note. The specific terms of any securities to be offered pursuant to the base prospectus will be specified in a prospectus supplement to the base prospectus. The sales agreement prospectus supplement immediately follows the base prospectus.</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
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        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
    </div>
    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:27.85pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:27pt;width:541.31pt;">
        <div style="width:541.31pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">PROSPECTUS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="position:relative;margin-top:10pt; text-align:center; width:541.31pt;">
          <img src="lg_rhythmpharma-4c.jpg" alt="[MISSING IMAGE: lg_rhythmpharma-4c.jpg]" height="73" width="279" >
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:16.4pt; text-align:center; width:541.31pt; line-height:20pt;font-weight:bold;font-size:18pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.36pt;">RHYTHM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.36pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:6pt; text-align:center; width:541.31pt; line-height:15.5pt;font-weight:bold;font-size:14pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">Common Stock</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">Preferred Stock</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">Debt Securities</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">Warrants</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">Units</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.28pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; text-align:center; width:541.31pt; line-height:16pt;font-weight:bold;font-size:14pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">2,395,831&#160;Shares of Common&#160;Stock Offered by the Selling Stockholders</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.28pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We may offer and sell the securities identified above, other than the 2,395,831 shares of common stock offered by the selling stockholders, or the securities, from time to time in one or more offerings. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Each time we offer and sell the securities, we will provide a supplement to this prospectus that contains specific information about the offering and the amounts, prices and terms of the securities. The supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus with respect to that offering. You should carefully read this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement before you invest in any of our securities. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We may offer and sell the securities described in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement to or through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents, or directly to purchasers, or through a combination of these methods. If any underwriters, dealers or agents are involved in the sale of any of the securities, their names and any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or discount arrangement between or among them will be set forth, or will be calculable from the information set forth, in the applicable prospectus supplement. See the sections of this prospectus entitled &#8220;About this Prospectus&#8221; and &#8220;Plan of Distribution&#8221; for more information. No securities may be sold without delivery of this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement describing the method and terms of the offering of such securities. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">In addition, this prospectus relates to the resale or other disposition of up to an aggregate of 2,395,831 shares of our common stock that will become issuable upon conversion of the 115,000 shares of our Series&#160;A Convertible Preferred Stock by the selling stockholders identified in this prospectus, or the selling stockholders, which were acquired by the selling stockholders on April&#160;15, 2024 in a transaction more fully described in the section entitled &#8220;Selling Securityholders&#8221;. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of our common stock by the selling stockholders. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The selling stockholders may offer and sell or otherwise dispose of the shares of common stock described in this prospectus from time to time through public or private transactions at prevailing market prices, at prices related to prevailing market prices, or at privately negotiated prices. The shares of common stock offered by this prospectus may be offered by the selling stockholders directly to purchasers or to or through brokers or dealers or other agents. The selling stockholders will bear all costs, commissions, and discounts, if any, attributable to the sales of shares. We will bear costs, expenses, and fees in connection with the registration of the shares. See the section of this prospectus entitled &#8220;Plan of Distribution&#8221; for more information about how the selling stockholders may sell or dispose of their shares of common stock hereunder. No common stock may be sold without delivery of this prospectus describing the method and terms of the offering of such common stock. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:11.5pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">INVESTING IN OUR SECURITIES INVOLVES RISKS. SEE THE &#8220;RISK FACTORS&#8221; ON PAGE <a href="#tRIFA">7</a> OF THIS PROSPECTUS AND ANY SIMILAR SECTION CONTAINED IN THE APPLICABLE PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT CONCERNING FACTORS YOU SHOULD CONSIDER BEFORE INVESTING IN OUR SECURITIES.</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol &#8220;RYTM.&#8221; On February&#160;24, 2026, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market was $98.65 per share. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:541.31pt; line-height:11.5pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:center; width:521.31pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">The date of this prospectus is February&#160;26, 2026.</font>
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
    </div>
    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="TOC">&#8203;</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
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        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">TABLE OF CONTENTS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <table style="width:456pt;height:220pt;margin-top:10pt;border-collapse: collapse;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; width:434pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <a href="#tATP"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS </font></a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; min-width:10.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tATP">1</a></font><a href="#tATP"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:434pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <a href="#tCNRF"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS </font></a>
              </div>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:10.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tCNRF">2</a></font><a href="#tCNRF"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:434pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <a href="#tWYCF"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION; INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE </font></a>
              </div>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:10.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tWYCF">3</a></font><a href="#tWYCF"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:434pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <a href="#tTHCO"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">THE COMPANY </font></a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:10.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tTHCO">5</a></font><a href="#tTHCO"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:434pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <a href="#tTHOF"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">THE OFFERING </font></a>
              </div>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:10.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tTHOF">6</a></font><a href="#tTHOF"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:434pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <a href="#tRIFA"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">RISK FACTORS </font></a>
              </div>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:10.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tRIFA">7</a></font><a href="#tRIFA"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:434pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <a href="#tUOP"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">USE OF PROCEEDS </font></a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:10.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tUOP">8</a></font><a href="#tUOP"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:434pt;text-align:left;">
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
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              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tDOCS">9</a></font><a href="#tDOCS"> </a>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:434pt;text-align:left;">
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                <a href="#tDODS"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES </font></a>
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              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tDODS">13</a></font><a href="#tDODS"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
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              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tDOOS">21</a></font><a href="#tDOOS"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
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              <a href="#tGLS"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">22</font> </a>
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              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tSESE">26</a></font><a href="#tSESE"> </a>
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                <a href="#tPOD"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION </font></a>
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              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tPOD">28</a></font><a href="#tPOD"> </a>
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                <a href="#tLEMA"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">LEGAL MATTERS </font></a>
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              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tLEMA">31</a></font><a href="#tLEMA"> </a>
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                <a href="#tEXP"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">EXPERTS </font></a>
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              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#tEXP">31</a></font>
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        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">i</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tATP">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
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        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, as a &#8220;well-known seasoned issuer&#8221; as defined in Rule&#160;405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, using a &#8220;shelf&#8221; registration process. By using a shelf registration statement, we may sell securities from time to time and in one or more offerings and the selling stockholders may, from time to time, sell up to 2,395,831 shares of common stock from time to time in one or more offerings, in each case as described in this prospectus. Each time that we offer and sell securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement to this prospectus that contains specific information about the securities being offered and sold and the specific terms of that offering. We or the selling stockholders may also provide a prospectus supplement to this prospectus under certain circumstances with respect to the shares of common stock being offered and sold by the selling stockholders. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information relating to these offerings. The prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus with respect to that offering. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, you should rely on the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, as applicable. Before purchasing any securities, you should carefully read both this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement (and any applicable free writing prospectuses), together with the additional information described under the heading &#8220;Where You Can Find More Information; Incorporation by Reference.&#8221; </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Neither we, nor the selling stockholders, have authorized anyone to provide you with any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any free writing prospectuses prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We and the selling stockholders take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We and the selling stockholders will not make an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement to this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on its respective cover, that the information appearing in any applicable free writing prospectus is accurate only as of the date of that free writing prospectus, and that any information incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, unless we indicate otherwise. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. This prospectus incorporates by reference, and any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may contain and incorporate by reference, market data and industry statistics and forecasts that are based on independent industry publications and other publicly available information. Although we believe these sources are reliable, we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information and we have not independently verified this information. In addition, the market and industry data and forecasts that may be included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement or any applicable free writing prospectus may involve estimates, assumptions and other risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the heading &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; contained in this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any applicable free writing prospectus, and under similar headings in other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on this information. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">When we refer to &#8220;Rhythm,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221; &#8220;us&#8221; and the &#8220;Company&#8221; in this prospectus, we mean Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise specified. When we refer to &#8220;you,&#8221; we mean the potential holders of the applicable series of securities. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We use our trademarks and our logo, in this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference. This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference also include trademarks, tradenames and service marks that are the property of other organizations. Solely for convenience, trademarks and tradenames referred to in this prospectus appear without the </font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:4.25pt;font-size:7.5pt;letter-spacing:0.15pt;">&#174;</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> and </font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:4.25pt;font-size:7.5pt;letter-spacing:0.15pt;">TM</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or that the applicable owner will not assert its rights, to these trademarks and tradenames. </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">1</font>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tCNRF">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:88pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference herein, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section&#160;27A of the Securities Act and Section&#160;21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is subject to the &#8220;safe harbor&#8221; created by those sections. Any statements about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance are not historical facts and may be forward-looking. Some of the forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terms such as &#8220;anticipates,&#8221; &#8220;believes,&#8221; &#8220;could,&#8221; &#8220;estimates,&#8221; &#8220;expects,&#8221; &#8220;intends,&#8221; &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;might,&#8221; &#8220;likely,&#8221; &#8220;plans,&#8221; &#8220;potential,&#8221; &#8220;predicts,&#8221; &#8220;projects,&#8221; &#8220;seeks,&#8221; &#8220;should,&#8221; &#8220;target,&#8221; &#8220;will,&#8221; &#8220;would,&#8221; or similar expressions and the negatives of those terms include forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the promise or potential of any of our products or product candidates; the marketing, commercialization and sales of IMCIVREE (setmelanotide), bivamelagon (formerly LB54640), and RM-718; commercialization, design, success, cost and timing of our product development activities and clinical trials; the ongoing enrollment of patients in our clinical trials; our expectations surrounding potential regulatory submissions, progress, or approvals for any of our product candidates in any indications; PDUFA goal dates and Type II variation submissions; the estimated market size and addressable population for our drug products; the announcement of data from our clinical trials, including the Japanese patient cohort and the substudy evaluating setmelanotide for patients with congenital hypothalamic obesity; our Phase&#160;3 EMANATE trial evaluating setmelanotide in genetically caused MC4R pathway diseases; Parts C and D of the Phase&#160;1 trial evaluating RM-718; the ongoing open-label Phase&#160;2 trial evaluating setmelanotide in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome; our financial performance, including our expectations regarding our existing cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, operating losses, expenses, sources of future financing and sufficiency of cash; our ability to hire and retain necessary personnel, including in international regions; patient enrollments; announcements regarding results of clinical trials and filing of regulatory applications; our ability to protect our intellectual property; our ability to negotiate our collaboration agreements, if needed; our relationship with third parties; our marketing, commercial sales, and revenue generation; expectations surrounding our manufacturing arrangements; the potential financial impact, growth prospects and future benefits of our ongoing discovery efforts with respect to congenital hyperinsulinism; the impact of economic conditions on our business and operations and our future financial results; changes in the political and regulatory landscape; the impact of accounting pronouncements; the timing of any of the foregoing; and our use of proceeds from this offering. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Important factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those set forth in filings that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Moreover, we operate in an evolving environment. New risk factors and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties. Except as may be required by law, we have no plans to update our forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus. We caution readers not to place undue reliance upon any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">2</font>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tWYCF">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:4pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION; INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Available Information</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We file reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a web site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information about issuers, such as us, who file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is </font><font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">http://www.sec.gov</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our web site address is https://www.rhythmtx.com. The information on our web site, however, is not, and should not be deemed to be, a part of this prospectus. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This prospectus and any prospectus supplement are part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC and do not contain all of the information in the registration statement. The full registration statement may be obtained from the SEC or us, as provided below. Forms of the indenture and other documents establishing the terms of the offered securities are or may be filed as exhibits to the registration statement or documents incorporated by reference in the registration statement. Statements in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement about these documents are summaries and each statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the document to which it refers. You should refer to the actual documents for a more complete description of the relevant matters. You may inspect a copy of the registration statement through the SEC&#8217;s website, as provided above. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Incorporation by Reference</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The SEC&#8217;s rules allow us to &#8220;incorporate by reference&#8221; information into this prospectus, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is deemed to be part of this prospectus, and subsequent information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede that information. Any statement contained in this prospectus or a previously filed document incorporated by reference will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus or a subsequently filed document incorporated by reference modifies or replaces that statement. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement incorporate by reference the documents set forth below that have previously been filed with the SEC (other than any information therein furnished to, rather than filed with, the SEC): </font>
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        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000162828026012399/rytm-20251231.htm">Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December&#160;31, 2025, filed with the SEC on February&#160;26, 2026. </a>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The information specifically incorporated by reference into our <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000155837025001889/rytm-20241231x10k.htm">Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December&#160;31, 2024</a> from our <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000155837025005818/rytm-20250624xdef14a.htm">Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule&#160;14A, filed with the SEC on April&#160;29, 2025</a>. </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000162828026001459/rytm-20260109.htm">Our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January&#160;9, 2026</a>. </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The description of our Common Stock contained in our Registration Statement on <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000110465917059847/a15-20842_118a12b.htm">Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on September&#160;29, 2017</a>, as updated by &#8220;Description of the Registrant&#8217;s Securities registered pursuant to Section&#160;12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934&#8221; filed as <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000155837023002613/rytm-20221231xex4d3.htm">Exhibit&#160;4.3</a> to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December&#160;31, 2022, and any other amendment or report filed with the SEC for the purpose of updating the description. </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">All reports and other documents we subsequently file pursuant to Section&#160;13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which we refer to as the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221; in this prospectus, prior to the termination of this offering, but excluding any information furnished to, rather than filed with, the SEC, will also be incorporated by reference into this prospectus and deemed to be part of this prospectus from the date of the filing of such reports and documents. </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
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        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">3</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:504pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">You may request a free copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus by writing or telephoning us at the following address: </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:8pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc.</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">222 Berkeley Street</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">12th Floor</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Boston, MA 02116</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(857) 264-4280 </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Exhibits to the filings will not be sent, however, unless those exhibits have specifically been incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement.</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">4</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tTHCO">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:364pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">THE COMPANY</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We are a global, commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company dedicated to transforming the lives of patients living with rare neuroendocrine diseases. We are focused on advancing melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) agonists, including our lead asset, IMCIVREE</font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:4.25pt;font-size:7.5pt;letter-spacing:0.15pt;">&#174;</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> (setmelanotide), as precision medicines designed to treat hyperphagia and severe obesity caused by rare MC4R pathway diseases. While obesity affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, we are developing therapies for a subset of individuals who have hyperphagia, a pathological, insatiable hunger and impaired satiety accompanied by persistent and abnormal food-seeking behaviors, decreased energy expenditure and severe obesity due to diseases such as acquired or congenital hypothalamic obesity, Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and other diseases caused by impaired MC4R pathway signaling. The MC4R pathway is a neuro-endocrine pathway in the brain that is responsible for regulating hunger, caloric intake and energy expenditure, which consequently affect body weight. IMCIVREE, our most advanced MC4R agonist for which we hold worldwide rights, is the first-ever therapy that is marketed in the United States, European Union (EU), United Kingdom, Canada and several other countries and regions for certain rare MC4R pathway diseases, including BBS. We also are developing two earlier-stage investigational MC4R agonists, bivamelagon (formerly LB54640), an oral small molecule, and RM-718, designed for weekly subcutaneous administration. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We were incorporated in the State of Delaware in February&#160;2013 under the name Rhythm Metabolic, Inc. In October&#160;2015, we changed our name to Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our principal executive offices are located at 222 Berkeley Street, 12th Floor, Boston, MA 02116, and our telephone number is (857) 264-4280.</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">5</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tTHOF">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="border:1pt #000 solid;margin-top:3.85pt;min-height:694pt;margin-left:57.66pt;width:480pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17.5pt;min-height:660pt;margin-left:12pt;width:456pt;">
          <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">THE OFFERING</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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          <div style="width:168pt;">
            <div style="white-space:nowrap; margin-left:10pt; text-indent:-10pt; margin-top:6pt; line-height:12pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Shares of common stock offered </font>
              <br >
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">hereby </font>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div style="margin-left:192pt; margin-top:-12pt; width:264pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Up to 2,395,831 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of our Series&#160;A Preferred Stock. </font>
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          <div style="width:168pt;">
            <div style="margin-left:10pt; text-indent:-10pt; margin-top:6pt; line-height:12pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Use of Proceeds </font>
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          <div style="margin-left:192pt; margin-top:-12pt; width:264pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock being offered by any of the selling stockholders. </font>
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          <div style="width:168pt;">
            <div style="margin-left:10pt; text-indent:-10pt; margin-top:6pt; line-height:12pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Risk Factors </font>
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          <div style="margin-left:192pt; margin-top:-12pt; width:264pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">See the section entitled &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; on page&#160;<a href="#tRIFA">7</a> of this prospectus and the other information included in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus for a discussion of certain factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our common stock. </font>
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          <div style="width:168pt;">
            <div style="margin-left:10pt; text-indent:-10pt; margin-top:6pt; line-height:12pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Nasdaq Global Market Symbol </font>
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          </div>
          <div style="margin-left:192pt; margin-top:-12pt; width:264pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8220;RYTM&#8221;</font>
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        <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-left:12pt;width:456pt;">
          <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
            <br >
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      <div style="margin-top:2.1316282072803E-14pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">6</font>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tRIFA">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:416pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">RISK FACTORS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Investment in any securities offered pursuant to this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement involves risks. Before deciding whether to invest in our securities, you should carefully consider the risk factors incorporated by reference to our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and any subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or Current Reports on Form 8-K, and all other information contained or incorporated by reference into this prospectus, as updated by our subsequent filings under the Exchange Act, and the risk factors and other information contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any applicable free writing prospectus. The occurrence of any of these risks might cause you to lose all or part of your investment in the offered securities. There may be other unknown or unpredictable economic, business, competitive, regulatory or other factors that could have material adverse effects on our future results. Past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance, and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods. If any of these risks occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow could be seriously harmed. This could cause the trading price of our securities to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment. Please also carefully read the section entitled &#8220;Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements&#8221; included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and any subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or Current Reports on Form 8-K.</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">7</font>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tUOP">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:456pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">USE OF PROCEEDS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">General</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Selling Stockholders</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock being offered by any of the selling stockholders. The selling stockholders will pay any selling commissions and stock transfer taxes or any other expenses incurred by the selling stockholders in connection with the sale of the shares of common stock. We will bear the fees and expenses incurred in effecting the registration of the shares covered by this prospectus, including, without limitation, all registration, filing, and printing fees and expenses, and fees and expenses of our counsel and our independent registered public accounting firm. </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
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      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">8</font>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tDOCS">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">General</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The following description of our capital stock is a summary, does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, copies of which have been filed with the SEC, and the terms and provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or DGCL. For more complete information, you should carefully review our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and the DGCL </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Authorized Capital Stock</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our authorized capital stock consists of 120,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Common Stock</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. The holders of a plurality of the shares of our common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors can elect all of the directors standing for election. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available therefor, subject to any statutory or contractual restrictions on the payment of dividends and to any restrictions on the payment of dividends imposed by the terms of any outstanding preferred stock. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Upon our dissolution or liquidation or the sale of all or substantially all of our assets, after payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred stock having liquidation preferences, if any, the holders of shares of our common stock will be entitled to receive pro&#160;rata our remaining assets available for distribution. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Holders of shares of our common stock do not have preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Preferred Stock</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes our board of directors to establish one or more series of preferred stock (including convertible preferred stock). Unless required by law or by any stock exchange, the authorized shares of preferred stock will be available for issuance without further action by our stockholders. Our board of directors is able to determine, with respect to any series of preferred stock, the terms and rights of that series, including: </font>
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        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.51pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.51pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the designation of the series; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the number of shares of the series, which our board may, except where otherwise provided in the preferred stock designation, increase or decrease, but not below the number of shares then outstanding; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the voting rights, if any, of the holders of the series; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.51pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.51pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">whether dividends, if any, will be cumulative or non-cumulative and the dividend rate of the series; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the dates at which dividends, if any, will be payable; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the rights of priority and amounts payable, if any, on shares of the series in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the affairs of our company; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the redemption rights and price or prices, if any, for shares of the series; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the terms of any purchase, retirement or sinking fund, if any, provided for shares of the series; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the terms, if any, upon which the shares of the series will be convertible into or exchangeable for shares of any other class, classes or series or other securities, whether or not issued by our company or any other entity; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">9</font>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">restrictions, if any, upon issuance of indebtedness of our company so long as any shares of the series are outstanding; and </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">restrictions, if any, on the issuance of shares of the same series or of any other class or series. </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We could issue a series of preferred stock that could, depending on the terms of the series, impede or discourage an acquisition attempt or other transaction that some, or a majority, of our stockholders might believe to be in their best interests or in which our stockholders might receive a premium for their shares of common stock over the market price of the shares of common stock. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Authorized but Unissued Capital Stock</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The DGCL does not require stockholder approval for any issuance of authorized shares. However, the listing requirements of the Nasdaq Global Market, which apply so long as our common stock remains listed on the Nasdaq Global Market, require stockholder approval of certain issuances equal to or exceeding 20% of the then outstanding voting power or then outstanding number of shares of common stock. These additional shares may be used for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings, to raise additional capital or to facilitate acquisitions. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">One of the effects of the existence of unissued and unreserved common stock or preferred stock may be to enable our board of directors to issue shares to persons friendly to current management, which issuance could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of our company by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise, and thereby protect the continuity of our management and possibly deprive our stockholders of opportunities to sell their shares of common stock at prices higher than prevailing market prices. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Anti-Takeover Effects of Provisions of Delaware Law and Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Undesignated Preferred Stock</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The ability to authorize undesignated preferred stock will make it possible for our board of directors to issue preferred stock with super voting, special approval, dividend or other rights or preferences on a discriminatory basis that could impede the success of any attempt to acquire us or otherwise effect a change in control of us. These and other provisions may have the effect of deferring, delaying or discouraging hostile takeovers, or changes in control or management of our company. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Requirements for Advance Notification of Stockholder Meetings, Nominations and Proposals</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that special meetings of the stockholders may be called only by or at the direction of our board of directors. Our amended and restated bylaws prohibit the conduct of any business at a special meeting other than as specified in the notice for such meeting. These provisions may have the effect of deferring, delaying or discouraging hostile takeovers, or changes in control or management of our company. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our amended and restated bylaws establish advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of candidates for election as directors, other than nominations made by or at the direction of the board of directors or a committee of the board of directors. In order for any matter to be &#8220;properly brought&#8221; before a meeting, a stockholder will have to comply with advance notice requirements and provide us with certain information. Additionally, vacancies and newly created directorships may be filled only by a vote of a majority of the directors then in office, even though less than a quorum, and not by the stockholders. Our amended and restated bylaws allow the presiding officer at a meeting of the stockholders to adopt rules and regulations for the conduct of meetings which may have the effect of precluding the conduct of certain business at a meeting if the rules and regulations are not followed. These provisions may also defer, delay or discourage a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer&#8217;s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the board of directors is expressly authorized to adopt, amend or repeal our amended and restated bylaws. </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">10</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">No Cumulative Voting</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The DGCL provides that stockholders are not entitled to cumulate votes in the election of directors unless our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation does not expressly provide for cumulative voting. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Removal of Directors</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">In accordance with the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, our board of directors are divided into three staggered classes of directors of the same or nearly the same number. At each annual meeting of the stockholders, a class of directors will be elected for a three-year term to succeed the directors of the same class whose terms are then expiring. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws provide that the number of our directors shall be fixed from time to time by a resolution of the majority of our board of directors. Any additional directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors will be distributed among the three classes so that, as nearly as possible, each class shall consist of one third of the board of directors. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The division of our board of directors into three classes with staggered three-year terms may delay or prevent stockholder efforts to effect a change of our management or a change in control. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws provide that our directors may be removed only for cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote in the election of directors or class of directors, voting together as a single class, at a meeting of the stockholders called for that purpose. This requirement of a supermajority vote to remove directors could enable a minority of our stockholders to prevent a change in the composition of our board. Any vacancy on our board of directors, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of our board of directors, may be filled only by the vote of a majority of the remaining directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by the sole remaining director. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Amendments to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The DGCL provides that, unless a corporation&#8217;s certificate of incorporation provides otherwise, the affirmative vote of holders of shares constituting a majority of the votes of all shares entitled to vote may approve amendments to the certificate of incorporation. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our amended and rested certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws provide that the affirmative vote of holders of at least 75% of the outstanding shares of capital stock, voting together as a single class, and entitled to vote in the election of directors will be required to amend, alter, change or repeal the amended and restated certificate of incorporation and the amended and restated bylaws. This requirement of a supermajority vote to approve amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws could enable a minority of our stockholders to exercise veto power over such amendments. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Stockholder Action by Written Consent</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Pursuant to Section&#160;228 of the DGCL, any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, is signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares of our stock entitled to vote thereon were present and voted, unless the corporation&#8217;s certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation prohibits the taking of any action of our stockholders by written consent without a meeting. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Delaware Anti-Takeover Statute</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We have not opted out of, and therefore are subject to, Section&#160;203 of the DGCL. Section&#160;203 provides that, subject to certain exceptions specified in the law, a publicly-held Delaware corporation shall not engage </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">11</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:46pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">in certain &#8220;business combinations&#8221; with any &#8220;interested stockholder&#8221; for a three-year period after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder unless: </font>
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        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">prior to the date of the transaction, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (1)&#160;shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (2)&#160;shares owned under employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">on or subsequent to the date of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66</font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:2.66pt;font-size:7pt;letter-spacing:0.14pt;">2</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8725;</font><font style="font-size:7pt;letter-spacing:0.14pt;">3</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder. </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Generally, a business combination includes a merger, asset or stock sale, or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. An interested stockholder is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns or, within three&#160;years prior to the determination of interested stockholder status, did own 15% or more of a corporation&#8217;s outstanding voting stock. Since Section&#160;203 will apply to us, we expect that it would have an anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions our board of directors does not approve in advance. In such event, we would also anticipate that Section&#160;203 could discourage attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares of common stock held by stockholders. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Under certain circumstances, Section&#160;203 makes it more difficult for a person who would be an &#8220;interested stockholder&#8221; to effect various business combinations with a corporation for a three-year period. The provisions of Section&#160;203 may encourage companies interested in acquiring our company to negotiate in advance with our board of directors because the stockholder approval requirement would be avoided if our board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction that results in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder. These provisions also may make it more difficult to accomplish transactions that stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Choice of Forum</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive forum for: (i)&#160;any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; (ii)&#160;any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty; (iii)&#160;any action asserting a claim against us arising under the DGCL, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws; and (iv)&#160;any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. In addition, our amended and restated bylaws provide that the federal district courts of the United States are the exclusive forum for any complaint raising a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any of our securities shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws described above. It is possible that a court of law could find the choice of forum provisions contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable if challenged in a proceeding or otherwise. </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">12</font>
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      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tDODS">&#8203;</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The following description, together with the additional information we include in any applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, summarizes certain general terms and provisions of the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus. When we offer to sell a particular series of debt securities, we will describe the specific terms of the series in a supplement to this prospectus. We will also indicate in the supplement to what extent the general terms and provisions described in this prospectus apply to a particular series of debt securities. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We may issue debt securities either separately, or together with, or upon the conversion or exercise of or in exchange for, other securities described in this prospectus. Debt securities may be our senior, senior subordinated or subordinated obligations and, unless otherwise specified in a supplement to this prospectus, the debt securities will be our direct, unsecured obligations and may be issued in one or more series. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The debt securities will be issued under an indenture between us and a trustee to be named in the applicable indenture, as trustee. We have summarized select portions of the indenture below. The summary is not complete. The form of the indenture has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement and you should read the indenture for provisions that may be important to you. In the summary below, we have included references to the section numbers of the indenture so that you can easily locate these provisions. Capitalized terms used in the summary and not defined herein have the meanings specified in the indenture. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">As used in this section only, &#8220;Rhythm&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our&#8221; or &#8220;us&#8221; refer to Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. excluding our subsidiaries, unless expressly stated or the context otherwise requires. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">General</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The terms of each series of debt securities will be established by or pursuant to a resolution of our board of directors and set forth or determined in the manner provided in a resolution of our board of directors, in an officer&#8217;s certificate or by a supplemental indenture. (Section&#160;2.2) The particular terms of each series of debt securities will be described in a prospectus supplement relating to such series (including any pricing supplement or term sheet). </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We can issue an unlimited amount of debt securities under the indenture that may be in one or more series with the same or various maturities, at par, at a premium, or at a discount. (Section&#160;2.1) We will set forth in a prospectus supplement (including any pricing supplement or term sheet) relating to any series of debt securities being offered, the aggregate principal amount and the following terms of the debt securities, if applicable: </font>
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        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.19pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.19pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the title and ranking of the debt securities (including the terms of any subordination provisions); </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the price or prices (expressed as a&#160;percentage of the principal amount) at which we will sell the debt securities; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">any limit on the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the date or dates on which the principal of the securities of the series is payable; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or the method used to determine the rate or rates (including any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the debt securities will bear interest, the date or dates from which interest will accrue, the date or dates on which interest will commence and be payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any interest payment date; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the place or places where principal of, and interest, if any, on the debt securities will be payable (and the method of such payment), where the securities of such series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange, and where notices and demands to us in respect of the debt securities may be delivered; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which we may redeem the debt securities; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">13</font>
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      <hr >
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">any obligation we have to redeem or purchase the debt securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a holder of debt securities and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and in the terms and conditions upon which securities of the series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.41pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.41pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the dates on which and the price or prices at which we will repurchase debt securities at the option of the holders of debt securities and other detailed terms and provisions of these repurchase obligations; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the denominations in which the debt securities will be issued, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.41pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.41pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">whether the debt securities will be issued in the form of certificated debt securities or global debt securities; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the portion of principal amount of the debt securities payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity date, if other than the principal amount; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.41pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.41pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the currency of denomination of the debt securities, which may be United States Dollars or any foreign currency, and if such currency of denomination is a composite currency, the agency or organization, if any, responsible for overseeing such composite currency; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the designation of the currency, currencies or currency&#160;units in which payment of principal of, premium and interest on the debt securities will be made; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.31pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.31pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">if payments of principal of, premium or interest on the debt securities will be made in one or more currencies or currency&#160;units other than that or those in which the debt securities are denominated, the manner in which the exchange rate with respect to these payments will be determined; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the manner in which the amounts of payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the debt securities will be determined, if these amounts may be determined by reference to an index based on a currency or currencies or by reference to a commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">any provisions relating to any security provided for the debt securities; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">any addition to, deletion of or change in the Events of Default described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities and any change in the acceleration provisions described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">any addition to, deletion of or change in the covenants described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.31pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.31pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">any depositaries, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents or other agents with respect to the debt securities; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the provisions, if any, relating to conversion or exchange of any debt securities of such series, including if applicable, the conversion or exchange price and period, provisions as to whether conversion or exchange will be mandatory, the events requiring an adjustment of the conversion or exchange price and provisions affecting conversion or exchange; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.31pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.31pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">any other terms of the debt securities, which may supplement, modify or delete any provision of the indenture as it applies to that series, including any terms that may be required under applicable law or regulations or advisable in connection with the marketing of the securities; and </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">whether any of our direct or indirect subsidiaries will guarantee the debt securities of that series, including the terms of subordination, if any, of such guarantees. (Section&#160;2.2) </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We may issue debt securities that provide for an amount less than their stated principal amount to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of their maturity pursuant to the terms of the indenture. We will provide you with information on the federal income tax considerations and other special considerations applicable to any of these debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">If we denominate the purchase price of any of the debt securities in a foreign currency or currencies or a foreign currency unit or&#160;units, or if the principal of and any premium and interest on any series of debt </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">14</font>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
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      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">securities is payable in a foreign currency or currencies or a foreign currency unit or&#160;units, we will provide you with information on the restrictions, elections, general tax considerations, specific terms and other information with respect to that issue of debt securities and such foreign currency or currencies or foreign currency unit or&#160;units in the applicable prospectus supplement. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Transfer and Exchange</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Each debt security will be represented by either one or more global securities registered in the name of The Depository Trust Company, or the Depositary, or a nominee of the Depositary (we will refer to any debt security represented by a global debt security as a &#8220;book-entry debt security&#8221;), or a certificate issued in definitive registered form (we will refer to any debt security represented by a certificated security as a &#8220;certificated debt security&#8221;) as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Except as set forth under the heading &#8220;Global Debt Securities and Book-Entry System&#8221; below, book-entry debt securities will not be issuable in certificated form. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Certificated Debt Securities. You may transfer or exchange certificated debt securities at any office we maintain for this purpose in accordance with the terms of the indenture. (Section&#160;2.4) No service charge will be made for any transfer or exchange of certificated debt securities, but we may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection with a transfer or exchange. (Section&#160;2.7) </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">You may effect the transfer of certificated debt securities and the right to receive the principal of, premium and interest on certificated debt securities only by surrendering the certificate representing those certificated debt securities and either reissuance by us or the trustee of the certificate to the new holder or the issuance by us or the trustee of a new certificate to the new holder. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Global Debt Securities and Book-Entry System. Each global debt security representing book-entry debt securities will be deposited with, or on behalf of, the Depositary, and registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the Depositary. Please see &#8220;Global Securities.&#8221; </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Covenants</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement any restrictive covenants applicable to any issue of debt securities. (Article&#160;IV) </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">No Protection in the Event of a Change of Control</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not contain any provisions which may afford holders of the debt securities protection in the event we have a change in control or in the event of a highly leveraged transaction (whether or not such transaction results in a change in control) which could adversely affect holders of debt securities. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We may not consolidate with or merge with or into, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of our properties and assets to any person (a &#8220;successor person&#8221;) unless: </font>
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        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:7.19pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:7.19pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">we are the surviving entity or the successor person (if other than Rhythm) is a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity organized and validly existing under the laws of any U.S. domestic jurisdiction and expressly assumes our obligations on the debt securities and under the indenture; and </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:7.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:7.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no Default or Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing. </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Notwithstanding the above, any of our subsidiaries may consolidate with, merge into or transfer all or part of its properties to us. (Section&#160;5.1) </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">15</font>
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      <hr >
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Events of Default</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="margin-left:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8220;Event of Default&#8221; means with respect to any series of debt securities, any of the following: </font>
        </div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">default in the payment of any interest upon any debt security of that series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30&#160;days (unless the entire amount of the payment is deposited by us with the trustee or with a paying agent prior to the expiration of the 30-day period); </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.19pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.19pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">default in the payment of principal of any security of that series at its maturity; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">default in the performance or breach of any other covenant or warranty by us in the indenture (other than a covenant or warranty that has been included in the indenture solely for the benefit of a series of debt securities other than that series), which default continues uncured for a period of 60&#160;days after we receive written notice from the trustee or Rhythm and the trustee receive written notice from the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series as provided in the indenture; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">certain voluntary or involuntary events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of Rhythm; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6.2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">any other Event of Default provided with respect to debt securities of that series that is described in the applicable prospectus supplement. (Section&#160;6.1) </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">No Event of Default with respect to a particular series of debt securities (except as to certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization) necessarily constitutes an Event of Default with respect to any other series of debt securities. (Section&#160;6.1) The occurrence of certain Events of Default or an acceleration under the indenture may constitute an event of default under certain indebtedness of ours or our subsidiaries outstanding from time to time. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We will provide the trustee written notice of any Default or Event of Default within 30&#160;days of becoming aware of the occurrence of such Default or Event of Default, which notice will describe in reasonable detail the status of such Default or Event of Default and what action we are taking or propose to take in respect thereof. (Section&#160;6.1) </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">If an Event of Default with respect to debt securities of any series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing, then the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may, by a notice in writing to us (and to the trustee if given by the holders), declare to be due and payable immediately the principal of (or, if the debt securities of that series are discount securities, that portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all debt securities of that series. In the case of an Event of Default resulting from certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, the principal (or such specified amount) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all outstanding debt securities will become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the trustee or any holder of outstanding debt securities. At any time after a declaration of acceleration with respect to debt securities of any series has been made, but before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the trustee, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may rescind and annul the acceleration if all Events of Default, other than the non-payment of accelerated principal and interest, if any, with respect to debt securities of that series, have been cured or waived as provided in the indenture. (Section&#160;6.2) We refer you to the prospectus supplement relating to any series of debt securities that are discount securities for the particular provisions relating to acceleration of a portion of the principal amount of such discount securities upon the occurrence of an Event of Default. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The indenture provides that the trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture unless the trustee receives indemnity satisfactory to it against any cost, liability or expense which might be incurred by it in performing such duty or exercising such right or power. (Section&#160;7.1(e)) Subject to certain rights of the trustee, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the debt securities of that series. (Section&#160;6.12) </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">16</font>
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      <hr >
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:10pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">No holder of any debt security of any series will have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to the indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any remedy under the indenture, unless: </font>
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        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">that holder has previously given to the trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to debt securities of that series; and </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request, and offered indemnity or security satisfactory to the trustee, to the trustee to institute the proceeding as trustee, and the trustee has not received from the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series a direction inconsistent with that request and has failed to institute the proceeding within 60&#160;days. (Section&#160;6.7) </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Notwithstanding any other provision in the indenture, the holder of any debt security will have an absolute and unconditional right to receive payment of the principal of, premium and any interest on that debt security on or after the due dates expressed in that debt security and to institute suit for the enforcement of payment. (Section&#160;6.8) </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The indenture requires us, within 120&#160;days after the end of our fiscal year, to furnish to the trustee a statement as to compliance with the indenture. (Section&#160;4.3) If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing with respect to the securities of any series and if it is known to a responsible officer of the trustee, the trustee shall mail to each Securityholder of the securities of that series notice of a Default or Event of Default within 90&#160;days after it occurs or, if later, after a responsible officer of the trustee has knowledge of such Default or Event of Default. The indenture provides that the trustee may withhold notice to the holders of debt securities of any series of any Default or Event of Default (except in payment on any debt securities of that series) with respect to debt securities of that series if the trustee determines in good faith that withholding notice is in the interest of the holders of those debt securities. (Section&#160;7.5) </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Modification and Waiver</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We and the trustee may modify, amend or supplement the indenture or the debt securities of any series without the consent of any holder of any debt security: </font>
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        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">to comply with covenants in the indenture described above under the heading &#8220;Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets&#8221;; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">to provide for uncertificated securities in addition to or in place of certificated securities; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">to add guarantees with respect to debt securities of any series or secure debt securities of any series; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">to surrender any of our rights or powers under the indenture; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">to add covenants or events of default for the benefit of the holders of debt securities of any series; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">to comply with the applicable procedures of the applicable depositary; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any holder of debt securities; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of debt securities of any series as permitted by the indenture; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">to effect the appointment of a successor trustee with respect to the debt securities of any series and to add to or change any of the provisions of the indenture to provide for or facilitate administration by more than one trustee; or </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act. (Section&#160;9.1) </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">17</font>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We may also modify and amend the indenture with the consent of the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series affected by the modifications or amendments. We may not make any modification or amendment without the consent of the holders of each affected debt security then outstanding if that amendment will: </font>
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        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">reduce the amount of debt securities whose holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">reduce the rate of or extend the time for payment of interest (including default interest) on any debt security; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">reduce the principal of or premium on or change the fixed maturity of any debt security or reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for, the payment of any sinking fund or analogous obligation with respect to any series of debt securities; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">reduce the principal amount of discount securities payable upon acceleration of maturity; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">waive a default in the payment of the principal of, premium or interest on any debt security (except a rescission of acceleration of the debt securities of any series by the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding debt securities of that series and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration); </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">make the principal of or premium or interest on any debt security payable in currency other than that stated in the debt security; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">make any change to certain provisions of the indenture relating to, among other things, the right of holders of debt securities to receive payment of the principal of, premium and interest on those debt securities and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment and to waivers or amendments; or </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.81pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.81pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">waive a redemption payment with respect to any debt security. (Section&#160;9.3) </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Except for certain specified provisions, the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may on behalf of the holders of all debt securities of that series waive our compliance with provisions of the indenture. (Section&#160;9.2) The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may on behalf of the holders of all the debt securities of such series waive any past default under the indenture with respect to that series and its consequences, except a default in the payment of the principal of, premium or any interest on any debt security of that series; provided, however, that the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from the acceleration. (Section&#160;6.13) </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Defeasance of Debt Securities and Certain Covenants in Certain Circumstances</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Legal Defeasance</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The indenture provides that, unless otherwise provided by the terms of the applicable series of debt securities, we may be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of the debt securities of any series (subject to certain exceptions). We will be so discharged upon the irrevocable deposit with the trustee, in trust, of money and/or U.S. government obligations or, in the case of debt securities denominated in a single currency other than U.S. Dollars, government obligations of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency, that, through the payment of interest and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide money or U.S. government obligations in an amount sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants or investment bank to pay and discharge each installment of principal, premium and interest on and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of the debt securities of that series on the stated maturity of those payments in accordance with the terms of the indenture and those debt securities. </font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This discharge may occur only if, among other things, we have delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel stating that we have received from, or there has been published by, the United States Internal Revenue Service a ruling or, since the date of execution of the indenture, there has been a change in the applicable United States federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the holders of the debt securities of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for United </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">18</font>
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      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">States federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject to United States federal income tax on the same amounts and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if the deposit, defeasance and discharge had not occurred. (Section&#160;8.3) </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Defeasance of Certain Covenants</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The indenture provides that, unless otherwise provided by the terms of the applicable series of debt securities, upon compliance with certain conditions: </font>
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        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.81pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.81pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">we may omit to comply with the covenant described under the heading &#8220;Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets&#8221; and certain other covenants set forth in the indenture, as well as any additional covenants which may be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement; and </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">any omission to comply with those covenants will not constitute a Default or an Event of Default with respect to the debt securities of that series (&#8220;covenant defeasance&#8221;). </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The conditions include: </font>
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        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">depositing with the trustee money and/or U.S. government obligations or, in the case of debt securities denominated in a single currency other than U.S. Dollars, government obligations of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency, that, through the payment of interest and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide money in an amount sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants or investment bank to pay and discharge each installment of principal of, premium and interest on and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of the debt securities of that series on the stated maturity of those payments in accordance with the terms of the indenture and those debt securities; and </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">delivering to the trustee an opinion of counsel to the effect that the holders of the debt securities of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit and related covenant defeasance and will be subject to United States federal income tax on the same amounts and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if the deposit and related covenant defeasance had not occurred. (Section&#160;8.4) </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees or Securityholders</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">None of our past, present or future directors, officers, employees or securityholders, as such, will have any liability for any of our obligations under the debt securities or the indenture or for any claim based on, or in respect or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. By accepting a debt security, each holder waives and releases all such liability. This waiver and release is part of the consideration for the issue of the debt securities. However, this waiver and release may not be effective to waive liabilities under U.S. federal securities laws, and it is the view of the SEC that such a waiver is against public policy. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Governing Law</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The indenture and the debt securities, including any claim or controversy arising out of or relating to the indenture or the securities, will be governed by the laws of the State of New York. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The indenture will provide that we, the trustee and the holders of the debt securities (by their acceptance of the debt securities) irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to the indenture, the debt securities or the transactions contemplated thereby. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The indenture will provide that any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon the indenture or the transactions contemplated thereby may be instituted in the federal courts of the United States of America located in the City of New York or the courts of the State of New York in each case located in the City of New York, and we, the trustee and the holder of the debt securities (by their acceptance of the debt securities) irrevocably submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding. The indenture will further provide that service of any process, summons, notice or document by mail (to the extent allowed under any applicable statute or rule of court) to such party&#8217;s address set forth in the indenture will be effective service of process for any suit, action or other proceeding brought in any such court. The indenture will further provide that we, the trustee and the holders of the debt securities (by their acceptance of the debt securities) irrevocably and unconditionally waive any objection to the </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">19</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:592pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">laying of venue of any suit, action or other proceeding in the courts specified above and irrevocably and unconditionally waive and agree not to plead or claim any such suit, action or other proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum. (Section&#160;10.10) </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">20</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tDOOS">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:584pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
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          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">DESCRIPTION OF OTHER SECURITIES</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement a description of any warrants or&#160;units issued by us that may be offered and sold pursuant to this prospectus.</font>
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        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">21</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tGLS">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">GLOBAL SECURITIES</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Book-Entry, Delivery and Form</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Unless we indicate differently in any applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, the securities initially will be issued in book-entry form and represented by one or more global notes or global securities, or, collectively, global securities. The global securities will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York, as depositary, or DTC, and registered in the name of Cede &amp; Co., the nominee of DTC. Unless and until it is exchanged for individual certificates evidencing securities under the limited circumstances described below, a global security may not be transferred except as a whole by the depositary to its nominee or by the nominee to the depositary, or by the depositary or its nominee to a successor depositary or to a nominee of the successor depositary. </font>
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        <div style="margin-left:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">DTC has advised us that it is: </font>
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        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.71pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.71pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">a &#8220;banking organization&#8221; within the meaning of the New York Banking Law; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">a member of the Federal Reserve System; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">a &#8220;clearing corporation&#8221; within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code; and </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:5.7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">a &#8220;clearing agency&#8221; registered pursuant to the provisions of Section&#160;17A of the Exchange Act. </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">DTC holds securities that its participants deposit with DTC. DTC also facilitates the settlement among its participants of securities transactions, such as transfers and pledges, in deposited securities through electronic computerized book-entry changes in participants&#8217; accounts, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. &#8220;Direct participants&#8221; in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, including underwriters, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other organizations. DTC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Depository Trust &amp; Clearing Corporation, or DTCC. DTCC is the holding company for DTC, National Securities Clearing Corporation and Fixed Income Clearing Corporation, all of which are registered clearing agencies. DTCC is owned by the users of its regulated subsidiaries. Access to the DTC system is also available to others, which we sometimes refer to as indirect participants, that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a direct participant, either directly or indirectly. The rules applicable to DTC and its participants are on file with the SEC. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Purchases of securities under the DTC system must be made by or through direct participants, which will receive a credit for the securities on DTC&#8217;s records. The ownership interest of the actual purchaser of a security, which we sometimes refer to as a beneficial owner, is in turn recorded on the direct and indirect participants&#8217; records. Beneficial owners of securities will not receive written confirmation from DTC of their purchases. However, beneficial owners are expected to receive written confirmations providing details of their transactions, as well as periodic statements of their holdings, from the direct or indirect participants through which they purchased securities. Transfers of ownership interests in global securities are to be accomplished by entries made on the books of participants acting on behalf of beneficial owners. Beneficial owners will not receive certificates representing their ownership interests in the global securities, except under the limited circumstances described below. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">To facilitate subsequent transfers, all global securities deposited by direct participants with DTC will be registered in the name of DTC&#8217;s partnership nominee, Cede &amp; Co., or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. The deposit of securities with DTC and their registration in the name of Cede &amp; Co. or such other nominee will not change the beneficial ownership of the securities. DTC has no knowledge of the actual beneficial owners of the securities. DTC&#8217;s records reflect only the identity of the direct participants to whose accounts the securities are credited, which may or may not be the beneficial owners. The participants are responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of their customers. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">So long as the securities are in book-entry form, you will receive payments and may transfer securities only through the facilities of the depositary and its direct and indirect participants. We will maintain an office or agency in the location specified in the prospectus supplement for the applicable securities, where notices and demands in respect of the securities and the indenture may be delivered to us and where certificated securities may be surrendered for payment, registration of transfer or exchange. </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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        </div>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">22</font>
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      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Conveyance of notices and other communications by DTC to direct participants, by direct participants to indirect participants and by direct participants and indirect participants to beneficial owners will be governed by arrangements among them, subject to any legal requirements in effect from time to time. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Redemption notices will be sent to DTC. If less than all of the securities of a particular series are being redeemed, DTC&#8217;s practice is to determine by lot the amount of the interest of each direct participant in the securities of such series to be redeemed. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Neither DTC nor Cede &amp; Co. (or such other DTC nominee) will consent or vote with respect to the securities. Under its usual procedures, DTC will mail an omnibus proxy to us as soon as possible after the record date. The omnibus proxy assigns the consenting or voting rights of Cede &amp; Co. to those direct participants to whose accounts the securities of such series are credited on the record date, identified in a listing attached to the omnibus proxy. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">So long as securities are in book-entry form, we will make payments on those securities to the depositary or its nominee, as the registered owner of such securities, by wire transfer of immediately available funds. If securities are issued in definitive certificated form under the limited circumstances described below and unless if otherwise provided in the description of the applicable securities herein or in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will have the option of making payments by check mailed to the addresses of the persons entitled to payment or by wire transfer to bank accounts in the United States designated in writing to the applicable trustee or other designated party at least 15&#160;days before the applicable payment date by the persons entitled to payment, unless a shorter period is satisfactory to the applicable trustee or other designated party. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Redemption proceeds, distributions and dividend payments on the securities will be made to Cede &amp; Co., or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. DTC&#8217;s practice is to credit direct participants&#8217; accounts upon DTC&#8217;s receipt of funds and corresponding detail information from us on the payment date in accordance with their respective holdings shown on DTC records. Payments by participants to beneficial owners will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is the case with securities held for the account of customers in bearer form or registered in &#8220;street name.&#8221; Those payments will be the responsibility of participants and not of DTC or us, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements in effect from time to time. Payment of redemption proceeds, distributions and dividend payments to Cede &amp; Co., or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC, is our responsibility, disbursement of payments to direct participants is the responsibility of DTC, and disbursement of payments to the beneficial owners is the responsibility of direct and indirect participants. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Except under the limited circumstances described below, purchasers of securities will not be entitled to have securities registered in their names and will not receive physical delivery of securities. Accordingly, each beneficial owner must rely on the procedures of DTC and its participants to exercise any rights under the securities and the indenture. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The laws of some jurisdictions may require that some purchasers of securities take physical delivery of securities in definitive form. Those laws may impair the ability to transfer or pledge beneficial interests in securities. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">DTC may discontinue providing its services as securities depositary with respect to the securities at any time by giving reasonable notice to us. Under such circumstances, in the event that a successor depositary is not obtained, securities certificates are required to be printed and delivered. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">As noted above, beneficial owners of a particular series of securities generally will not receive certificates representing their ownership interests in those securities. However, if: </font>
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        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">DTC notifies us that it is unwilling or unable to continue as a depositary for the global security or securities representing such series of securities or if DTC ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act at a time when it is required to be registered and a successor depositary is not appointed within 90&#160;days of the notification to us or of our becoming aware of DTC&#8217;s ceasing to be so registered, as the case may be; </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">23</font>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">we determine, in our sole discretion, not to have such securities represented by one or more global securities; or </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to such series of securities, </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">we will prepare and deliver certificates for such securities in exchange for beneficial interests in the global securities. Any beneficial interest in a global security that is exchangeable under the circumstances described in the preceding sentence will be exchangeable for securities in definitive certificated form registered in the names that the depositary directs. It is expected that these directions will be based upon directions received by the depositary from its participants with respect to ownership of beneficial interests in the global securities. </font>
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        <div style="margin-left:20pt; margin-top:12pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Euroclear and Clearstream</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">If so provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, you may hold interests in a global security through Clearstream Banking S.A., which we refer to as &#8220;Clearstream,&#8221; or Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V., as operator of the Euroclear System, which we refer to as &#8220;Euroclear,&#8221; either directly if you are a participant in Clearstream or Euroclear or indirectly through organizations which are participants in Clearstream or Euroclear. Clearstream and Euroclear will hold interests on behalf of their respective participants through customers&#8217; securities accounts in the names of Clearstream and Euroclear, respectively, on the books of their respective U.S. depositaries, which in turn will hold such interests in customers&#8217; securities accounts in such depositaries&#8217; names on DTC&#8217;s books. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Clearstream and Euroclear are securities clearance systems in Europe. Clearstream and Euroclear hold securities for their respective participating organizations and facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between those participants through electronic book-entry changes in their accounts, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Payments, deliveries, transfers, exchanges, notices and other matters relating to beneficial interests in global securities owned through Euroclear or Clearstream must comply with the rules and procedures of those systems. Transactions between participants in Euroclear or Clearstream, on one hand, and other participants in DTC, on the other hand, are also subject to DTC&#8217;s rules and procedures. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Investors will be able to make and receive through Euroclear and Clearstream payments, deliveries, transfers and other transactions involving any beneficial interests in global securities held through those systems only on days when those systems are open for business. Those systems may not be open for business on days when banks, brokers and other institutions are open for business in the United States. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Cross-market transfers between participants in DTC, on the one hand, and participants in Euroclear or Clearstream, on the other hand, will be effected through DTC in accordance with the DTC&#8217;s rules on behalf of Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, by their respective U.S. depositaries; however, such cross-market transactions will require delivery of instructions to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, by the counterparty in such system in accordance with the rules and procedures and within the established deadlines (European time) of such system. Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, will, if the transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its U.S. depositary to take action to effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving interests in the global securities through DTC, and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for same-day fund settlement. Participants in Euroclear or Clearstream may not deliver instructions directly to their respective U.S. depositaries. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Due to time zone differences, the securities accounts of a participant in Euroclear or Clearstream purchasing an interest in a global security from a direct participant in DTC will be credited, and any such crediting will be reported to the relevant participant in Euroclear or Clearstream, during the securities settlement processing day (which must be a business day for Euroclear or Clearstream) immediately following the settlement date of DTC. Cash received in Euroclear or Clearstream as a result of sales of interests in a global security by or through a participant in Euroclear or Clearstream to a direct participant in DTC will be received with value on the settlement date of DTC but will be available in the relevant Euroclear or Clearstream cash account only as of the business day for Euroclear or Clearstream following DTC&#8217;s settlement date. </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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        </div>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">24</font>
          <br >
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      <hr >
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:464pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Other</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The information in this section of this prospectus concerning DTC, Clearstream, Euroclear and their respective book-entry systems has been obtained from sources that we believe to be reliable, but we do not take responsibility for this information. This information has been provided solely as a matter of convenience. The rules and procedures of DTC, Clearstream and Euroclear are solely within the control of those organizations and could change at any time. Neither we nor the trustee nor any agent of ours or of the trustee has any control over those entities and none of us takes any responsibility for their activities. You are urged to contact DTC, Clearstream and Euroclear or their respective participants directly to discuss those matters. In addition, although we expect that DTC, Clearstream and Euroclear will perform the foregoing procedures, none of them is under any obligation to perform or continue to perform such procedures and such procedures may be discontinued at any time. Neither we nor any agent of ours will have any responsibility for the performance or nonperformance by DTC, Clearstream and Euroclear or their respective participants of these or any other rules or procedures governing their respective operations. </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">25</font>
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      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tSESE">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">General</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Information about selling securityholders, where applicable, will be set forth in a prospectus supplement, in a post-effective amendment or in filings we make with the SEC under the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Selling Stockholders</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This prospectus relates to the possible resale by certain of the selling stockholders from time to time of up to an aggregate of 2,395,831 shares of common stock. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">On April&#160;1, 2024, we entered into an investment agreement with the selling stockholders, pursuant to which we issued 150,000 shares of Series&#160;A Preferred Stock for an aggregate purchase price of $150,000,000 on April&#160;15, 2024. We issued the shares of Series&#160;A Preferred Stock in reliance upon the exemption from registration afforded by Section&#160;4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. In accordance with our obligations under a registration rights agreement entered in on April&#160;15, 2024, we agreed to register the resale of the shares of common stock issued or issuable upon conversion of the Series&#160;A Preferred Stock which are being offered by the selling stockholders hereby. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This prospectus covers the resale or other disposition by the selling stockholders or their pledgees, donees, transferees or other successors-in-interest of up to the total number of shares of common stock issued or issuable upon conversion of 115,000 shares of Series&#160;A Preferred Stock issued to the selling stockholders pursuant to the investment agreement and outstanding as of the date of this prospectus, without giving effect to the beneficial ownership limitation described below. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The following table sets forth information concerning the shares of common stock that may be offered from time to time by each selling stockholder. The number of shares beneficially owned by each selling stockholder is determined under rules issued by the SEC. Under these rules, beneficial ownership includes any shares as to which the selling stockholders have sole or shared voting power or investment power. Percentage ownership is based on 68,285,039 shares of common stock outstanding as of February&#160;24, 2026 plus the 2,395,831 shares of common stock issued or issuable upon conversion of the Series&#160;A Preferred Stock outstanding. For purposes of this table, we have assumed that the selling stockholders will have sold all of the shares of common stock covered by this prospectus upon the completion of the offering. Each of the selling stockholders listed has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares beneficially owned by the selling stockholder unless noted otherwise. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The information in the following table has been provided to us by or on behalf of the selling stockholders and the selling stockholders may have sold, transferred, or otherwise disposed of all or a portion of the shares of common stock after the date on which they provided us with information regarding their securities. The selling stockholders may sell all, some or none of their shares of common stock in this offering. See the section titled &#8220;Plan of Distribution.&#8221; </font>
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        <table style="width:456pt;height:74.5pt;margin-top:10pt;border-collapse: collapse;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:8pt;">
          <tr style="line-height:9pt;height:31.75pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:8pt;">
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:0pt 0pt 2.167pt 0pt; width:238.85pt;text-align:left;" rowspan="2">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; line-height:9pt; padding-bottom:0pt;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Name of Selling Stockholder </font>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;" rowspan="2">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;" rowspan="2">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:0pt 0pt 2.167pt 0pt;" rowspan="2" colspan="4">
              <div style="text-align:center; line-height:9pt; padding-bottom:0pt;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Shares of</font>
                <br >
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Common Stock</font>
                <br >
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Beneficially</font>
                <br >
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Owned Prior to</font>
                <br >
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Offering </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;" rowspan="2">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;" rowspan="2">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:0pt 0pt 2.167pt 0pt;" rowspan="2" colspan="4">
              <div style="text-align:center; line-height:9pt; padding-bottom:0pt;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Shares of</font>
                <br >
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Common</font>
                <br >
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Stock Being </font>
                <br >
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Offered </font>
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            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;" rowspan="2">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:0pt 0pt 2.167pt 0pt; width:0pt;" colspan="10">
              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Shares Beneficially</font>
                <br >
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Owned After the Offering </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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          <tr style="line-height:8pt;height:13.5pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:8pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:3.25pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt;" colspan="4">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Number </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:3.25pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt;" colspan="4">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Percentage </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;background-color:#CCEEFF;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:238.85pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Entities affiliated with Baker Bros. Advisors LP</font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:4.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;letter-spacing:0.15pt;">(1)</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:5.665pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:33.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">6,854,481 </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:5.665pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">1,249,998</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:33.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">5,604,483 </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:9.435pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:13.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">7.93<font style="position:absolute;">%</font></td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:9.435pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:238.85pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Entities affiliated with Perceptive Advisors LLC</font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:4.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;letter-spacing:0.15pt;">(2)</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:5.665pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:33.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">3,702,222</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:5.665pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">1,145,831</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:33.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">2,556,391</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:9.435pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:13.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">3.62<font style="position:absolute;">%</font></td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:9.435pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
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        <div style="margin-top:12.5pt; width:456pt;">
          <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 108pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
        </div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:20pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(1)</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:20pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The number of shares disclosed as being beneficially owned prior to the offering consists of (i)&#160;470,455 shares of common stock and 103,437 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series&#160;A Preferred Stock held by 667, L.P. and (ii)&#160;5,134,028 shares of common stock and 1,146,561 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series&#160;A Preferred Stock held by Baker Brothers Life Sciences, L.P. The terms of the Series&#160;A Preferred Stock prohibit the conversion thereof to the extent that, upon such conversion, the number of shares of common stock then beneficially owned by </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">26</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
    </div>
    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:360pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the holder and its affiliates would exceed 4.99% of our then-outstanding voting securities. Accordingly, notwithstanding the number of shares reported, each of 667, L.P. and Baker Brothers Life Sciences, L.P. disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series&#160;A Preferred Stock to the extent that upon such conversion, the number of shares beneficially owned by 667, L.P., Baker Brothers Life Sciences, L.P., and their affiliates, in the aggregate, would exceed 4.99% of our then-outstanding voting securities. 667, L.P. and Baker Brothers Life Sciences, L.P. are under the advisement of Baker Bros. Advisors LP. Baker Bros. Advisors (GP) LLC is the sole general partner of Baker Bros. Advisors LP. Julian C. Baker and Felix. J. Baker are managing members of Baker Bros. Advisors (GP) LLC. The principal business address of the beneficial owners is 860 Washington Street, 3</font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:4.25pt;font-size:7.5pt;letter-spacing:0.15pt;">rd</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> Floor, New York, NY 10014. </font>
        </div>
        <div style=" float:left; line-height:12pt; margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:20pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(2)</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:20pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The number of shares disclosed as being beneficially owned prior to the offering consists of (i)&#160;729,165 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series&#160;A Preferred Stock held by Perceptive Discovery ID LP and (ii)&#160;2,556,391 shares of common stock and 416,666 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series&#160;A Preferred Stock held by Perceptive Life Sciences Master Fund, Ltd. The terms of the Series&#160;A Preferred Stock prohibit the conversion thereof to the extent that, upon such conversion, the number of shares of common stock then beneficially owned by the holder and its affiliates would exceed 9.99% of our then-outstanding voting securities. Perceptive Advisors LLC serves as the investment advisor to Perceptive Life Sciences Master Fund, Ltd. Joseph Edelman is the managing member of Perceptive Advisors LLC. Perceptive Discovery GP LLC is the general partner of Perceptive Discovery ID LP, and is managed by Perceptive Discovery Advisors, a relying advisor of Perceptive Advisors LLC. The principal business address of the beneficial owners is 51 Astor Place, 10th&#160;Floor, New York, NY 10003. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">27</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
    </div>
    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tPOD">&#8203;</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">General</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We may sell the offered securities from time to time: </font>
        </div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">through underwriters or dealers; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">through agents; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.51pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.51pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">directly to one or more purchasers; or </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">through a combination of any of these methods of sale. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We will identify the specific plan of distribution, including any underwriters, dealers, agents or direct purchasers and their compensation in the applicable prospectus supplement. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Selling Stockholders</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The selling stockholders and any of their pledgees, donees, transferees, assignees or other successors-in-interest may, from time to time, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of their shares of common stock or interests in shares of common stock on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the shares are traded or in private transactions under this prospectus. These dispositions may be at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices related to the prevailing market price, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices. The selling stockholders may use one or more of the following methods when disposing of the shares or interests therein: </font>
        </div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.8pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.51pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.51pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">through brokers, dealers or underwriters that may act solely as agents; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.51pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.51pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">privately negotiated transactions; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions entered into after the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, whether through an options exchange or otherwise; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.51pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.51pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">broker-dealers may agree with the selling stockholders to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">short sales and settlement of short sales entered into after the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.41pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.41pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">a combination of any such methods of disposition; and </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:5.4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:5.4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The selling stockholders may also sell shares under Rule&#160;144 or Rule&#160;904 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Securities Act, if available, or Section&#160;4(a)(1) under the Securities Act, rather than under this prospectus. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Broker-dealers engaged by the selling stockholders may arrange for other broker-dealers to participate in sales. Broker-dealers may receive commissions or discounts from the selling stockholders (or, if any broker-dealer acts as agent for the purchaser of shares, from the purchaser) in amounts to be negotiated. The selling stockholders do not expect these commissions and discounts to exceed what is customary in the types of transactions involved. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The selling stockholders may, from time to time, pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the shares of common stock owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, </font>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">28</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
    </div>
    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:26.45pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell shares of common stock from time to time under this prospectus or under a supplement or amendment to this prospectus under Rule&#160;424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act amending the list of selling stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as selling stockholders under this prospectus. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Upon being notified in writing by a selling stockholder that any material arrangement has been entered into with a broker-dealer for the sale of common stock through a block trade, special offering, exchange distribution or secondary distribution or a purchase by a broker or dealer, we will file a supplement to this prospectus, if required, pursuant to Rule&#160;424(b) under the Securities Act, disclosing (i)&#160;the name of each such selling stockholder and of the participating broker-dealer(s), (ii)&#160;the number of shares involved, (iii)&#160;the price at which such shares of common stock were sold, (iv)&#160;the commissions paid or discounts or concessions allowed to such broker-dealer(s), where applicable, (v)&#160;that such broker-dealer(s) did not conduct any investigation to verify the information set out or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and (vi)&#160;other facts material to the transaction. In addition, upon being notified in writing by a selling stockholder that a donee or pledgee intends to sell more than 500 shares of common stock, we will file a supplement to this prospectus if then required in accordance with applicable securities law. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The selling stockholders also may transfer the shares of common stock in other circumstances, in which case the transferees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">In connection with the sale of the shares of common stock or interests in shares of common stock, the selling stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the common stock in the course of hedging the positions they assume. The selling stockholders may also sell shares of common stock short and deliver these securities to close out their short positions, or loan or pledge the common stock to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these securities. The selling stockholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of shares offered by this prospectus, which shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction). </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The selling stockholders and any broker-dealers or agents that are involved in selling the shares may be deemed to be &#8220;underwriters&#8221; within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales (it being understood that the selling stockholders shall not be deemed to be underwriters solely as a result of their participation in this offering). In such event, any profits realized by such selling stockholders or compensation received by such broker-dealers or agents may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. The maximum commission or discount to be received by any member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, or independent broker-dealer will not be greater than 8% of the initial gross proceeds from the sale of any security being sold. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We have advised the selling stockholders that they are required to comply with Regulation&#160;M promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, during such time as they may be engaged in a distribution of the shares. The foregoing may affect the marketability of the common stock. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The aggregate proceeds to the selling stockholders from the sale of the common stock offered by them will be the purchase price of the common stock less discounts or commissions, if any. Each of the selling stockholders reserves the right to accept and, together with their agents from time to time, to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of common stock to be made directly or through agents. We will not receive any of the proceeds from this offering. </font>
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      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">29</font>
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      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
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      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:524pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We are required to pay all fees and expenses incident to the registration of the shares. We have agreed to indemnify the selling stockholders against certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act or otherwise. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We have agreed with the selling stockholders to keep the registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part effective until the earlier of (a)&#160;such time as all of the shares covered by this prospectus have been disposed of pursuant to and in accordance with the registration statement and (b)&#160;such time as none of the shares covered by this prospectus constitute &#8220;registrable securities&#8221;, as such term is defined in the registration rights agreement by and among us and the selling stockholders. </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">30</font>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tLEMA">&#8203;</a><a name="tEXP">&#8203;</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:408pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">LEGAL MATTERS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Latham &amp; Watkins LLP will pass upon certain legal matters relating to the issuance and sale of the securities offered hereby on behalf of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and the validity of the shares offered hereby on behalf of the selling stockholders. Additional legal matters may be passed upon for us or any underwriters, dealers or agents, by counsel that we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">EXPERTS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The consolidated financial statements of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. appearing in Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc.&#8217;s Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December&#160;31, 2025, and the effectiveness of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc.&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting as of December&#160;31, 2025, have been audited by Ernst &amp; Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their reports thereon included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such financial statements are, and audited financial statements to be included in subsequently filed documents will be, incorporated herein in reliance upon the reports of Ernst &amp; Young LLP pertaining to such financial statements and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the respective dates (to the extent covered by consents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission) given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">31</font>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:27.85pt;min-height:706pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="position:relative;margin-top:10pt; text-align:center; width:456pt;">
          <img src="lg_rhythmpharma-4c.jpg" alt="[MISSING IMAGE: lg_rhythmpharma-4c.jpg]" height="73" width="279" >
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        <div style="margin-top:17pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:16pt;font-weight:bold;font-size:14pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">Up to $200,000,000</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.28pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:16pt;font-weight:bold;font-size:14pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">Common Stock</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.28pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:11.167pt; text-align:center; width:456pt;">
          <div style="margin-left: 38.158%; margin-right: 38.158%; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We have entered into a Sales Agreement, or the sales agreement, with TD Securities (USA) LLC, or TD Cowen, relating to the offer and sale of shares of our common stock, $0.001 par value per share, offered by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. In accordance with the terms of the sales agreement, under this prospectus supplement we may offer and sell shares of our common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $200,000,000 from time to time through or to TD Cowen, acting as our agent or principal. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol &#8220;RYTM.&#8221; On February&#160;24, 2026, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market was $98.65 per share. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Sales of our common stock, if any, under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus will be made in negotiated transactions, including block trades or block sales, or by any method permitted by law deemed to be an &#8220;at the market offering&#8221; as defined in Rule&#160;415 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, including without limitation sales made through the Nasdaq Global Market or on any other trading market for our common stock, or by any other method permitted by law. TD Cowen is not required to sell any specific amount of securities, but will act as our sales agent using commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices, on mutually agreed terms between TD Cowen and us. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in any escrow, trust or similar arrangement. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The compensation to TD Cowen for sales of common stock sold pursuant to the sales agreement will be an amount up to 3.0% of the gross proceeds of shares sold under the sales agreement. See &#8220;Plan of Distribution&#8221; beginning on page <a href="#Spod">S-12</a> for additional information regarding the compensation to be paid to TD Cowen. In connection with the sale of the common stock on our behalf, TD Cowen will be deemed to be an &#8220;underwriter&#8221; within the meaning of the Securities Act and the compensation of TD Cowen will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have also agreed to provide indemnification and contribution to TD Cowen with respect to certain liabilities, including civil liabilities under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:10.5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt;">
          <div style="margin-left: 38.158%; margin-right: 38.158%; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">INVESTING IN OUR SECURITIES INVOLVES RISKS. SEE THE &#8220;RISK FACTORS&#8221; ON PAGE <a href="#Srifa">S-6</a> OF THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND IN THE DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT CONCERNING FACTORS YOU SHOULD CONSIDER BEFORE INVESTING IN OUR COMMON STOCK.</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus supplement. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:10.5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt;">
          <div style="margin-left: 38.158%; margin-right: 38.158%; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:16pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:20pt;font-weight:bold;font-size:18pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.36pt;">TD Cowen</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.36pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:8pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The date of this prospectus supplement is February&#160;26, 2026.</font>
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
    </div>
    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="TOC2">&#8203;</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
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      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:416pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">TABLE OF CONTENTS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <table style="width:456pt;height:175pt;margin-top:10pt;border-collapse: collapse;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;background-color:#CCEEFF;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; width:425.15pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <a href="#Satps"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT </font></a>
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            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; min-width:17.25pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#Satps">S-1</a></font><a href="#Satps"> </a>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:425.15pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <a href="#Swycf"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION; INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE </font></a>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:17.25pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#Swycf">S-2</a></font><a href="#Swycf"> </a>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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          <tr style="line-height:10pt;background-color:#CCEEFF;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:425.15pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <a href="#Spss"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY </font></a>
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            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:17.25pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#Spss">S-4</a></font><a href="#Spss"> </a>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:425.15pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <a href="#Sthof"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">THE OFFERING </font></a>
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            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:17.25pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#Sthof">S-5</a></font><a href="#Sthof"> </a>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;background-color:#CCEEFF;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:425.15pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <a href="#Srifa"><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">RISK FACTORS </font></a>
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            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
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              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#Srifa">S-6</a></font><a href="#Srifa"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:425.15pt;text-align:left;">
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:425.15pt;text-align:left;">
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#Sdipo">S-10</a></font><a href="#Sdipo"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:425.15pt;text-align:left;">
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            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:17.25pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#Sdil">S-11</a></font><a href="#Sdil"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
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              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#Spod">S-12</a></font><a href="#Spod"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:425.15pt;text-align:left;">
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
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              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#Slema">S-13</a></font><a href="#Slema"> </a>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:425.15pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:0pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:17.25pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a href="#Sexp">S-13</a></font>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
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          <br >
        </div>
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      <hr >
    </div>
    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="Satps">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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        </div>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:60pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This prospectus supplement is part of a registration statement that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, as a &#8220;well-known seasoned issuer&#8221; as defined in Rule&#160;405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, utilizing a &#8220;shelf&#8221; registration process, and relates to the offering of our common stock. Before buying any of the common stock that we are offering, we urge you to carefully read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and all of the information incorporated by reference herein and therein, as well as the additional information described under the heading &#8220;Where You Can Find More Information; Incorporation by Reference.&#8221; These documents contain important information that you should consider when making your investment decision. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We provide information to you about this offering of our common stock in two separate documents that are bound together: (1)&#160;this prospectus supplement, which describes the specific details regarding this offering; and (2)&#160;the accompanying base prospectus, which provides general information, some of which may not apply to this offering. Generally, when we refer to this &#8220;prospectus,&#8221; we are referring to both documents combined. If information in this prospectus supplement is inconsistent with the accompanying base prospectus, you should rely on this prospectus supplement. To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus supplement, on the one hand, and the information contained in any document incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, on the other hand, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement, except as provided in the following sentence. If any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date&#160;&#8212; for example, a document incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize for use in connection with this offering. We have not, and TD Cowen has not, authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not, and TD Cowen is not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted or in which the person making that offer or solicitation is not qualified to do so or to anyone to whom it is unlawful to make an offer or solicitation. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, is accurate only as of the date of those respective documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. You should read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, in their entirety before making an investment decision. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">When we refer to &#8220;Rhythm,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221; &#8220;us&#8221; and the &#8220;Company&#8221; in this prospectus supplement, we mean Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise specified. When we refer to &#8220;you,&#8221; we mean the potential holders of our common stock. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We use our trademarks and our logo, in this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference. This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference also include trademarks, tradenames and service marks that are the property of other organizations. Solely for convenience, trademarks and tradenames referred to in this prospectus appear without the </font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:4.25pt;font-size:7.5pt;letter-spacing:0.15pt;">&#174;</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> and </font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:4.25pt;font-size:7.5pt;letter-spacing:0.15pt;">TM</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or that the applicable owner will not assert its rights, to these trademarks and tradenames. </font>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-1</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
    </div>
    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="Swycf">&#8203;</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:28pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION; INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Available Information</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We file reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a web site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information about issuers, such as us, who file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is http://www.sec.gov. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our web site address is </font><font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">https://www.rhythmtx.com</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">. The information on our web site, however, is not, and should not be deemed to be, a part of this prospectus supplement. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This prospectus supplement is part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC and does not contain all of the information in the registration statement. The full registration statement may be obtained from the SEC or us, as provided below. Documents establishing the terms of this offering are or may be filed as exhibits to the registration statement or documents incorporated by reference in the registration statement. Statements in this prospectus supplement about these documents are summaries and each statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the document to which it refers. You should refer to the actual documents for a more complete description of the relevant matters. You may inspect a copy of the registration statement through the SEC&#8217;s website, as provided above. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Incorporation by Reference</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The SEC&#8217;s rules allow us to &#8220;incorporate by reference&#8221; information into this prospectus supplement, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is deemed to be part of this prospectus supplement, and subsequent information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede that information. Any statement contained in this prospectus supplement or a previously filed document incorporated by reference will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus supplement to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus supplement or a subsequently filed document incorporated by reference modifies or replaces that statement. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This prospectus supplement incorporates by reference the documents set forth below that have previously been filed with the SEC (other than any information therein furnished to, rather than filed with, the SEC): </font>
        </div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000162828026012399/rytm-20251231.htm">Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December&#160;31, 2025, filed with the SEC on February&#160;26, 2026. </a>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The information specifically incorporated by reference into our <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000155837025001889/rytm-20241231x10k.htm">Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December&#160;31, 2024</a> from our <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000155837025005818/rytm-20250624xdef14a.htm">Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule&#160;14A, filed with the SEC on April&#160;29, 2025</a>. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"><a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000162828026001459/rytm-20260109.htm">Our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January&#160;9, 2026</a>. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The description of our Common Stock contained in our Registration Statement on <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000110465917059847/a15-20842_118a12b.htm">Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on September&#160;29, 2017</a>, as updated by &#8220;Description of the Registrant&#8217;s Securities registered pursuant to Section&#160;12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934&#8221; filed as <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000155837023002613/rytm-20221231xex4d3.htm">Exhibit&#160;4.3</a> to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December&#160;31, 2022, and any other amendment or report filed with the SEC for the purpose of updating the description. </font>
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        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">All reports and other documents we subsequently file pursuant to Section&#160;13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act prior to the termination of this offering, but excluding any information furnished to, rather than filed with, the SEC, will also be incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and deemed to be part of this prospectus supplement from the date of the filing of such reports and documents. </font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-2</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">You may request a free copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement by writing or telephoning us at the following address: </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:8pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc.</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">222 Berkeley Street</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">12th Floor</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Boston, MA 02116</font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">(857) 264-4280</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Exhibits to the filings will not be sent, however, unless those exhibits have specifically been incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.</font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-3</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="Spss">&#8203;</a>
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          <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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          <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This summary provides a general overview of selected information and does not contain all of the&#160;information you should consider before buying our common stock. Therefore, you should read this entire prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering carefully, including the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement, before deciding to invest in our common stock. Investors should carefully consider the information set forth under &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; beginning on page <a href="#Srifa">S-6</a> of this prospectus supplement and incorporated by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and any other documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.</font><font style="font-style:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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          <div style="margin-top:12pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">RHYTHM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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          <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We are a global, commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company dedicated to transforming the lives of patients living with rare neuroendocrine diseases. We are focused on advancing melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) agonists, including our lead asset, IMCIVREE</font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:4.25pt;font-size:7.5pt;letter-spacing:0.15pt;">&#174;</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> (setmelanotide), as precision medicines designed to treat hyperphagia and severe obesity caused by rare MC4R pathway diseases. While obesity affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, we are developing therapies for a subset of individuals who have&#160;hyperphagia, a pathological, insatiable hunger and impaired satiety accompanied by persistent and abnormal food-seeking behaviors, decreased energy expenditure and severe obesity due to diseases such as acquired or congenital hypothalamic obesity, Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and other diseases caused by impaired MC4R pathway signaling. The MC4R pathway is a neuro-endocrine pathway in the brain that is responsible for regulating hunger, caloric intake and energy expenditure, which consequently affect body weight. IMCIVREE, our most advanced MC4R agonist for which we hold worldwide rights, is the first-ever therapy that is marketed in the United States, European Union (EU), United Kingdom, Canada and several other countries and regions for certain rare MC4R pathway diseases, including BBS. We also are developing two earlier-stage investigational MC4R agonists, bivamelagon (formerly LB54640), an oral small molecule, and RM-718, designed for weekly subcutaneous administration. </font>
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          <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We were incorporated in the State of Delaware in February&#160;2013 under the name Rhythm Metabolic,&#160;Inc. In October&#160;2015, we changed our name to Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. </font>
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          <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our principal executive offices are located at 222 Berkeley Street, 12th Floor, Boston, MA 02116, and our telephone number is (857) 264-4280. </font>
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            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-4</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="Sthof">&#8203;</a>
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            <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">THE OFFERING</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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            <div style="margin-left:10pt; text-indent:-10pt; margin-top:6pt; line-height:12pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Common stock offered by us </font>
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          <div style="margin-left:168pt; margin-top:-12pt; width:288pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $200,000,000 </font>
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            <div style="margin-left:10pt; text-indent:-10pt; margin-top:6pt; line-height:12pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Plan of distribution </font>
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          <div style="margin-left:168pt; margin-top:-12pt; width:288pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8220;At the market offering&#8221; that may be made from time to time on the Nasdaq Global Market or other existing trading market for our common stock through our agent, TD Securities (USA) LLC. See the section entitled &#8220;Plan of Distribution&#8221; on page <a href="#Spod">S-12</a> of this prospectus supplement </font>
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            <div style="margin-left:10pt; text-indent:-10pt; margin-top:6pt; line-height:12pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Use of proceeds </font>
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          <div style="margin-left:168pt; margin-top:-12pt; width:288pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering to advance the clinical development of our product candidates and commercialization activities for IMCIVREE, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. See the section entitled &#8220;Use of Proceeds&#8221; on page <a href="#Suop">S-9</a> of this prospectus supplement. </font>
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            <div style="margin-left:10pt; text-indent:-10pt; margin-top:6pt; line-height:12pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Risk Factors </font>
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          <div style="margin-left:168pt; margin-top:-12pt; width:288pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">See &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; beginning on page <a href="#Srifa">S-6</a> of this prospectus supplement and the other information included in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus supplement for a discussion of certain factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our common stock. </font>
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            <div style="white-space:nowrap; margin-left:10pt; text-indent:-10pt; margin-top:6pt; line-height:12pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Nasdaq Global Market </font>
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              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Symbol&#160;</font>
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          <div style="margin-left:168pt; margin-top:-12pt; width:288pt; line-height:12pt;">
            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">RYTM</font>
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            <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-5</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="Srifa">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">RISK FACTORS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;font-style:italic;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Investment in any securities offered pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus involves risks. You should carefully consider the risk factors described below and incorporated by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K and our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and all other information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. The occurrence of any of these risks might cause you to lose all or part of your investment in the offered securities.</font><font style="font-style:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Risks Relating to this Offering</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">If you purchase shares of our common stock sold in this offering, you will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of your shares. In addition, we may issue additional equity or convertible debt securities in the future, which may result in additional dilution to you.</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The price per share of our common stock being offered may be higher than the net tangible book value&#160;per share of our outstanding common stock prior to this offering. Assuming that an aggregate of 2,027,369&#160;shares of our common stock are sold at a price of $98.65&#160;per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market on February&#160;24, 2026 for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $200.0&#160;million, and after deducting commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, new investors in this offering will incur immediate dilution of $92.03 per share. For a more detailed discussion of the foregoing, see the section entitled &#8220;Dilution&#8221; below. To the extent outstanding stock options are exercised or outstanding restricted stock&#160;units vest, there will be further dilution to new investors. In addition, to the extent we need to raise additional capital in the future and we issue additional shares of common stock or securities convertible or exchangeable for our common stock, our then existing shareholders may experience dilution and the new securities may have rights senior to those of the common stock offered in this offering. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this offering and may not use them effectively.</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering, including for any of the purposes described in the section entitled &#8220;Use of Proceeds,&#8221; and you will not have the opportunity as part of your investment decision to assess whether the net proceeds are being used appropriately. Because of the number and variability of factors that will determine our use of the net proceeds from this offering, their ultimate use may vary substantially from their currently intended use. Our management might not apply our net proceeds in ways that ultimately increase the value of your investment. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to advance the clinical development of our product candidates and commercialization activities for IMCIVREE, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. See the section entitled &#8220;Use of Proceeds&#8221; on page <a href="#Suop">S-9</a> of this prospectus supplement. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could harm our business. Pending their use, we plan to invest the net proceeds from this offering in short- and intermediate-term, interest-bearing obligations, investment-grade instruments, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government. These investments may not yield a favorable return to our shareholders. If we do not invest or apply the net proceeds from this offering in ways that enhance shareholder value, we may fail to achieve expected financial results, which could cause our share price to decline. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">The shares of common stock will be sold in &#8220;at the market&#8221; offerings, and investors who buy shares at different times will likely pay different prices.</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Investors who purchase shares in this offering at different times will likely pay different prices, and so may experience different outcomes in their investment results. We will have discretion, subject to market demand, to vary the timing, prices, and numbers of shares sold, and there is no minimum or maximum sales price. Investors may experience a decline in the value of their shares as a result of share sales made at prices lower than the prices they paid. </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">The actual number of shares we will issue under the sales agreement, at any one time or in total, is uncertain.</font><font style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Subject to certain limitations in the sales agreement and compliance with applicable law, we have the discretion to deliver placement notices to TD Cowen at any time throughout the term of the sales agreement. </font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-6</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The number of shares that are sold by TD Cowen after delivering a placement notice will fluctuate based on the market price of the common stock during the sales period and limits we set in the placement notice. Because the price per share of each share sold will fluctuate based on the market price of our common stock during the sales period, it is not possible at this stage to predict the number of shares that will be ultimately issued or the resulting gross proceeds. </font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-7</font>
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      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="Scnrf">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:100pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">This prospectus supplement contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section&#160;27A of the Securities Act and Section&#160;21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is subject to the &#8220;safe harbor&#8221; created by those sections. Any statements about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance are not historical facts and may be forward-looking. Some of the forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terms such as &#8220;anticipates,&#8221; &#8220;believes,&#8221; &#8220;could,&#8221; &#8220;estimates,&#8221; &#8220;expects,&#8221; &#8220;intends,&#8221; &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;might,&#8221; &#8220;likely,&#8221; &#8220;plans,&#8221; &#8220;potential,&#8221; &#8220;predicts,&#8221; &#8220;projects,&#8221; &#8220;seeks,&#8221; &#8220;should,&#8221; &#8220;target,&#8221; &#8220;will,&#8221; &#8220;would,&#8221; or similar expressions and the negatives of those terms include forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the promise or potential of any of our products or product candidates; the marketing, commercialization and sales of IMCIVREE (setmelanotide), bivamelagon (formerly LB54640), and RM-718; commercialization, design, success, cost and timing of our product development activities and clinical trials; the ongoing enrollment of patients in our clinical trials; our expectations surrounding potential regulatory submissions, progress, or approvals for any of our product candidates in any indications; PDUFA goal dates and Type II variation submissions; the estimated market size and addressable population for our drug products; the announcement of data from our clinical trials, including the Japanese patient cohort and the substudy evaluating setmelanotide for patients with congenital hypothalamic obesity; our Phase&#160;3 EMANATE trial evaluating setmelanotide in genetically caused MC4R pathway diseases; Parts C and D of the Phase&#160;1 trial evaluating RM-718; the ongoing open-label Phase&#160;2 trial evaluating setmelanotide in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome; our financial performance, including our expectations regarding our existing cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, operating losses, expenses, sources of future financing and sufficiency of cash; our ability to hire and retain necessary personnel, including in international regions; patient enrollments; announcements regarding results of clinical trials and filing of regulatory applications; our ability to protect our intellectual property; our ability to negotiate our collaboration agreements, if needed; our relationship with third parties; our marketing, commercial sales, and revenue generation; expectations surrounding our manufacturing arrangements; the potential financial impact, growth prospects and future benefits of our ongoing discovery efforts with respect to congenital hyperinsulinism; the impact of economic conditions on our business and operations and our future financial results; changes in the political and regulatory landscape; the impact of accounting pronouncements; the timing of any of the foregoing; and our use of proceeds from this offering. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Important factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those set forth in filings that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Moreover, we operate in an evolving environment. New risk factors and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties. Except as may be required by law, we have no plans to update our forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus supplement. We caution readers not to place undue reliance upon any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. </font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-8</font>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="Suop">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:400pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">USE OF PROCEEDS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We may issue and sell shares of our common stock having aggregate sales proceeds of up to $200,000,000 from time to time. Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to close this offering, the actual total public offering amount, commissions and proceeds to us, if any, are not determinable at this time. There can be no assurance that we will be able to sell any shares under or fully utilize the sales agreement with TD Cowen as a source of financing. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering to advance the clinical development of our product candidates and commercialization activities for IMCIVREE, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures will depend on numerous factors, including the progress of our clinical trials and other development efforts and other factors described under &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, as well as the amount of cash used in our operations. We may find it necessary or advisable to use the net proceeds for other purposes, and our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds. Pending the uses described above, we plan to invest the net proceeds from this offering in short- and intermediate-term, interest-bearing obligations, investment-grade instruments, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government. </font>
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          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-9</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="Sdipo">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:512pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">DIVIDEND POLICY</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock or any other securities. We anticipate that we will retain all available funds and any future earnings, if any, for use in the operation of our business and do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. In addition, future debt instruments may materially restrict our ability to pay dividends on our common stock. Payment of future cash dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of the board of directors after taking into account various factors, including our financial condition, operating results, current and anticipated cash needs, the requirements of current or then-existing debt instruments and other factors the board of directors deems relevant.</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-10</font>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="Sdil">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">DILUTION</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">If you invest in our common stock, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the price per share of common stock you pay in this offering and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering. The net tangible book value of our common stock as of December&#160;31, 2025 was $264.7 million, or $3.94 per share based upon 67,205,321 shares outstanding. Net tangible book value per share is equal to our total tangible assets, less our total liabilities, divided by the total number of shares outstanding as of December&#160;31, 2025. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">After giving effect to the sale of our common stock in the aggregate amount of $200.0&#160;million at an assumed offering price of $98.65 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market on February&#160;24, 2026, and after deducting commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our as adjusted net tangible book value as of December&#160;31, 2025 would have been $458.3 million, or $6.62 per share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $2.68 per share to our existing shareholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of $92.03 per share to new investors in this offering. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The following table illustrates this calculation on a per share basis. The as adjusted information is illustrative only and will adjust based on the actual price to the public, the actual number of shares sold and other terms of the offering determined at the time shares of our common stock are sold pursuant to this prospectus supplement. The shares sold in this offering, if any, will be sold from time to time at various prices. </font>
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        <table style="width:416pt;height:71pt;margin-left:20pt;margin-top:10pt;border-collapse: collapse;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;background-color:#CCEEFF;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; width:341.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Assumed public offering price per share </font>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; min-width:16.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; min-width:20.25pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">98.65 </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:341.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Net tangible book value per share as of December&#160;31, 2025 </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:16.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">3.94 </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; min-width:20.25pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;background-color:#CCEEFF;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF;padding:3.5pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt; width:341.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to the offering </font>
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            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000; min-width:16.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">2.68 </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF; min-width:20.25pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #CCEEFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF;padding:3.25pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt; width:341.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">As adjusted net tangible book value per share after giving effect to the offering </font>
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            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; min-width:16.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000; min-width:20.25pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">6.62 </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 3.25pt 0pt; width:341.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Dilution per share to new investors participating in the offering </font>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt;padding-bottom:1.75pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt;padding-bottom:1.75pt; min-width:16.5pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">&#8203;</td>
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            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:3pt double #000000; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:3pt double #000000; min-width:20.25pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">92.03</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
        </table>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:13.1pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on 67,205,321&#160;shares outstanding as of December&#160;31, 2025 and excludes: </font>
        </div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">6,466,178&#160;shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options outstanding under our equity incentive plans as of December&#160;31, 2025 at a weighted average exercise price of $28.15 per share; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">2,884,935&#160;shares of common stock issuable upon vesting of restricted stock&#160;units outstanding under our equity incentive plans as of December&#160;31, 2025; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">294,644&#160;shares of common stock issuable upon vesting of performance stock&#160;units outstanding under our equity incentive plans as of December&#160;31, 2025; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">4,636,850&#160; shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2017 Equity Incentive Plan as of December&#160;31, 2025; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">1,240,958&#160;shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of December&#160;31, 2025; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">59,067&#160;shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2022 Employment Inducement Plan as of December&#160;31, 2025; and </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-left:20pt; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:10pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#8226;</font>
          <br >
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        <div style=" margin-top:6.1pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:30pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">2,760,413&#160;shares of common stock reserved for the conversion of 132,500&#160;shares of the Company&#8217;s Series&#160;A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding as of December&#160;31, 2025. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The foregoing table does not give effect to the exercise of any outstanding options, the vesting of any restricted stock&#160;units or performance stock&#160;units or the conversion of any preferred stock. We may raise additional capital in the future through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities. To the extent options are exercised, or restricted stock&#160;units or performance stock&#160;units vest, or shares of preferred stock are converted, or we issue shares of common stock in connection with raising additional capital, there may be further dilution to new investors. </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-11</font>
          <br >
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      </div>
      <hr >
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="Spod">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We have entered into a sales agreement with TD Cowen, under which we may issue and sell from time to time up to $200.0&#160;million of our common stock through or to TD Cowen as our sales agent or principal. Sales of our common stock, if any, will be made in negotiated transactions, including block trades or block sales, or by any method permitted by law deemed to be an &#8220;at the market offering&#8221; as defined in Rule&#160;415 under the Securities Act, including without limitation sales made through the Nasdaq Global Market or on any other existing trading market for our common stock, or by any other method permitted by law. Sales pursuant to the sales agreement may be made through an affiliate of TD Cowen. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">TD Cowen will offer our common stock subject to the terms and conditions of the sales agreement on a daily basis or as otherwise agreed upon by us and TD Cowen. We will designate the maximum amount of common stock to be sold through TD Cowen on a daily basis or otherwise determine such maximum amount together with TD Cowen. Subject to the terms and conditions of the sales agreement, TD Cowen will use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell on our behalf all of the shares of common stock requested to be sold by us. We may instruct TD Cowen not to sell common stock if the sales cannot be effected at or above the price designated by us in any such instruction. TD Cowen or we may suspend the offering of our common stock being made through TD Cowen under the sales agreement upon proper notice to the other party. TD Cowen and we each have the right, by giving written notice as specified in the sales agreement, to terminate the sales agreement in each party&#8217;s sole discretion at any time. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The aggregate compensation payable to TD Cowen as sales agent equals up to 3% of the gross sales price of the shares sold through it pursuant to the sales agreement. We have also agreed to reimburse TD Cowen up to $75,000 of TD Cowen&#8217;s actual outside legal expenses incurred by TD Cowen in connection with the execution of the sales agreement, in addition to certain ongoing disbursements of its legal counsel. We estimate that the total expenses of the offering payable by us, excluding commissions payable to TD Cowen under the sales agreement, will be approximately $400,000. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The remaining sales proceeds, after deducting any expenses payable by us and any transaction fees imposed by any governmental, regulatory, or self-regulatory organization in connection with the sales, will equal our net proceeds for the sale of such common stock. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">TD Cowen will provide written confirmation to us following the close of trading on the Nasdaq Global Market on each day in which common stock is sold through it as sales agent under the sales agreement. Each confirmation will include the number of shares of common stock sold through it as sales agent on that day, the volume weighted average price of the shares sold, the&#160;percentage of the daily trading volume and the net proceeds to us. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We will report at least quarterly the number of shares of common stock sold through TD Cowen under the sales agreement and the net proceeds to us in connection with the sales of common stock. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Settlement for sales of common stock will occur, unless the parties agree otherwise, on the first business day that is also a trading day following the date on which any sales were made in return for payment of the net proceeds to us. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in an escrow, trust or similar arrangement. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">In connection with the sales of our common stock on our behalf, TD Cowen will be deemed to be an &#8220;underwriter&#8221; within the meaning of the Securities Act, and the compensation paid to TD Cowen will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have agreed in the sales agreement to provide indemnification and contribution to TD Cowen against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. As sales agent, TD Cowen will not engage in any transactions that stabilizes our common stock. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market and trades under the symbol &#8220;RYTM.&#8221; The transfer agent of our common stock is Computershare Trust Company, N.A. </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">TD Cowen and/or its affiliates have provided, and may in the future provide, various investment banking and other financial services for us for which services they have received and, may in the future receive, customary fees. </font>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
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      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-12</font>
          <br >
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="Slema">&#8203;</a><a name="Sexp">&#8203;</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:420pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">LEGAL MATTERS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Latham &amp; Watkins LLP will pass upon certain legal matters relating to the issuance and sale of the shares of common stock offered hereby on behalf of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for TD Securities (USA) LLC by Ropes &amp; Gray LLP. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">EXPERTS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The consolidated financial statements of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. appearing in Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc.&#8217;s Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December&#160;31, 2025, and the effectiveness of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc.&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting as of December&#160;31, 2025, have been audited by Ernst &amp; Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their reports thereon included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such financial statements are, and audited financial statements to be included in subsequently filed documents will be, incorporated herein in reliance upon the reports of Ernst &amp; Young LLP pertaining to such financial statements and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the respective dates (to the extent covered by consents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission) given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.</font>
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      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
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      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">S-13</font>
          <br >
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      <hr >
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:9pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:27.85pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="width:456pt;">
          <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 456pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 2pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 2pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:2.8pt; width:456pt;">
          <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 456pt; margin-top: 2.8pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
        </div>
        <div style="position:relative;margin-top:72.81pt; text-align:center; width:456pt;">
          <img src="lg_rhythmpharma-4c.jpg" alt="[MISSING IMAGE: lg_rhythmpharma-4c.jpg]" height="73" width="279" >
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:78.11pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:16pt;font-weight:bold;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:14pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">Up to $200,000,000</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.28pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:72pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:16pt;font-weight:bold;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:14pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.28pt;">Common Stock</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.28pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:72pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:14pt;font-weight:bold;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.24pt;">PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.24pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:72pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:20pt;font-weight:bold;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:18pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.36pt;">TD Cowen</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.36pt;"> </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:72pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">February&#160;26, 2026 </font>
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        <div style="margin-top:119.72pt; width:456pt;">
          <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 456pt; margin-top: 119.72pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
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        <div style="margin-top:2.8pt; width:456pt;">
          <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 456pt; margin-top: 2.79999999999995pt; font-size: 2pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 2pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">PART II </font>
          <br >
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Item&#160;14.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The following is an estimate of the expenses (all of which are to be paid by the registrant) that we may incur in connection with the securities being registered hereby. </font>
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        <table style="width:416pt;height:160.5pt;margin-left:20pt;margin-top:10pt;border-collapse: collapse;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;background-color:#CCEEFF;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; width:358.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">SEC registration fee </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">10,357.45<font style="position:absolute;"><font style=" position:relative; bottom:3.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;">(1)</font> </font></td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:358.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">FINRA filing fee </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="position:relative;">&#8203;</font><font style="position:absolute;"><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;"></font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:3.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;">(2)</font> </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;background-color:#CCEEFF;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:358.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Printing expenses </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="position:relative;">&#8203;</font><font style="position:absolute;"><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;"></font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:3.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;">(2)</font> </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:358.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Legal fees and expenses </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="position:relative;">&#8203;</font><font style="position:absolute;"><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;"></font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:3.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;">(2)</font> </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;background-color:#CCEEFF;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:358.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Accounting fees and expenses </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="position:relative;">&#8203;</font><font style="position:absolute;"><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;"></font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:3.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;">(2)</font> </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:358.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Blue Sky, qualification fees and expenses </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="position:relative;">&#8203;</font><font style="position:absolute;"><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;"></font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:3.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;">(2)</font> </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;background-color:#CCEEFF;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:358.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Transfer agent fees and expenses </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="position:relative;">&#8203;</font><font style="position:absolute;"><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;"></font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:3.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;">(2)</font> </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:358.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Trustee fees and expenses </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="position:relative;">&#8203;</font><font style="position:absolute;"><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;"></font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:3.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;">(2)</font> </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;background-color:#CCEEFF;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; width:358.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Warrant agent fees and expenses </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 1.5pt 0pt; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="position:relative;">&#8203;</font><font style="position:absolute;"><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;"></font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:3.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;">(2)</font> </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF;padding:3.5pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt; width:358.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Miscellaneous </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.5pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="position:relative;">&#8203;</font><font style="position:absolute;"><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;"></font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:3.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;">(2)</font> </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;background-color:#CCEEFF;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 3.25pt 0pt; width:358.59pt;text-align:left;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Total </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:3pt double #000000; min-width:3.75pt; text-align:right; ">$</td>
            <td style="padding:3.25pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt;border-bottom:3pt double #000000; min-width:30.75pt; text-align:right; white-space:nowrap;">
              <font style="position:relative;">&#8203;</font><font style="position:absolute;"><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:9pt;"></font><font style=" position:relative; bottom:3.25pt;font-size:6.5pt;">(2)</font>
              </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;padding-left:0pt;width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
        </table>
        <div style="margin-top:5.4pt; width:456pt;">
          <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 108pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
        </div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-top:7.9pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:20pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(1)</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:7.9pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:20pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Pursuant to Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, the SEC registration fee will be paid at the time of any particular offering of securities under the registration statement, and is therefore not currently determinable, other than the fees in connection with (i)&#160;the $200,000,000 of the registrant&#8217;s common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under the Sales Agreement, dated February&#160;26, 2026, with TD Securities (USA) LLC, as sales agent, and (ii)&#160;2,395,831 shares of common stock to be offered by the selling stockholders. The securities registered pursuant to this registration statement includes (1)&#160;an aggregate of $125,000,336.91 of shares of common stock (the &#8220;Unsold ATM Shares&#8221;) previously registered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-270233), which was automatically effective upon filing on March&#160;2, 2023 (the &#8220;Prior Registration Statement&#8221;) and a prospectus supplement to the Prior Registration Statement filed with the SEC on February&#160;29, 2024, and (2)&#160;2,395,831 shares of common stock previously registered pursuant to the Prior Registration Statement and a prospectus supplement to the Prior Registration Statement filed with the SEC on July&#160;10, 2024 (together with the Unsold ATM Shares, the &#8220;Unsold Shares&#8221;), in each case, for which the related fees were paid and which remain unsold. Pursuant to Rule&#160;415(a)(6) under the Securities Act, the Unsold Shares are being carried forward and the filing fees previously paid in connection with the Unsold Shares will continue to be applied to the Unsold Shares. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style=" float:left; line-height:12pt; margin-top:3.9pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:20pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(2)</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:3.9pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:20pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">These fees are calculated based on the securities offered and the number of issuances and accordingly cannot be estimated at this time. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Item&#160;15.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font><font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Indemnification of Directors and Officers</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Subsection (a)&#160;of Section&#160;145 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, or the DGCL, empowers a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or who is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that the person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys&#8217; fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the person&#8217;s conduct was unlawful. </font>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">II-1</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
    </div>
    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Subsection (b)&#160;of Section&#160;145 empowers a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the person acted in any of the capacities set forth above, against expenses (including attorneys&#8217; fees) actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Section&#160;145 further provides that to the extent a director or officer of a corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in subsections (a)&#160;and (b)&#160;of Section&#160;145, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys&#8217; fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith; that indemnification provided for by Section&#160;145 shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which the indemnified party may be entitled; and the indemnification provided for by Section&#160;145 shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of such person&#8217;s heirs, executors and administrators. Section&#160;145 also empowers the corporation to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liabilities under Section&#160;145. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Section&#160;102(b)(7) of the DGCL provides that a corporation&#8217;s certificate of incorporation may contain a provision eliminating or limiting the personal liability of a director to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, provided that such provision shall not eliminate or limit the liability of a director (i)&#160;for any breach of the director&#8217;s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii)&#160;for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii)&#160;under Section&#160;174 of the DGCL, or (iv)&#160;for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Any underwriting agreement or distribution agreement that we enter into with any underwriters or agents involved in the offering or sale of any securities registered hereby may require such underwriters or dealers to indemnify us, some or all of our directors and officers and our controlling persons, if any, for specified liabilities, which may include liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, no director or officer will be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director or officer. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, also provides that if Delaware law is amended to permit further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors or officers, then the liability of our directors and officers will be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Our amended and restated bylaws further provide that we must indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Our amended and restated bylaws also authorize us to indemnify any of our employees or agents and permit us to secure insurance on behalf of any officer, director, employee or agent for any liability arising out of his or her action in that capacity, whether or not Delaware law would otherwise permit indemnification. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">In addition, our amended and restated bylaws provide that we are required to advance expenses to our directors and officers as incurred in connection with legal proceedings against them for which they may be indemnified and that the rights conferred in the amended and restated bylaws are not exclusive. </font>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">II-2</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
    </div>
    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. These agreements, among other things, require us to indemnify each director and executive officer to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, and our amended and restated bylaws, for expenses such as, among other things, attorneys&#8217; fees, judgments, fines, and settlement amounts incurred by the director or executive officer in any action or proceeding, including any action by or in our right, arising out of the person&#8217;s services as our director or executive officer or as the director or executive officer of any subsidiary of ours or any other company or enterprise to which the person provides services at our request. We also have directors&#8217; and officers&#8217; liability insurance. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The SEC has taken the position that personal liability of directors or officers for violation of the federal securities laws cannot be limited and that indemnification by us for any such violation is unenforceable. The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, and amended and restated bylaws may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against our directors and officers for breach of their fiduciary duty. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against our directors and officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and other stockholders. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Further, a stockholder&#8217;s investment may be adversely affected to the extent that we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers as required by these indemnification provisions </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Item&#160;16.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font><font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Exhibits</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <table style="width:456pt;height:392.5pt;margin-top:10pt;border-collapse: collapse;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:8pt;">
          <tr style="line-height:9pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:8pt;">
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:0pt 0pt 1.417pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Exhibit</font>
              <br >
              <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Number </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:0pt 0pt 1.417pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;text-align:center;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">Description </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:2.5pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">1.1* </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.5pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Form of Underwriting Agreement. </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;letter-spacing:0.2pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:1.417pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">1.2&#8199; </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:1.417pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;white-space:normal;">
              <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="tm267280d2_ex1-2.htm">Sales Agreement, dated as of February&#160;26, 2026, by and between Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and TD Securities (USA) LLC.</a>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;letter-spacing:0.2pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:1.417pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">3.1&#8199; </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:1.417pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;white-space:normal;">
              <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000155837025008924/rytm-20250624xex3d1.htm">Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. dated October&#160;10, 2017, and the Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. dated June&#160;25, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit&#160;3.1 of the Company&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June&#160;26, 2025).</a>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;letter-spacing:0.2pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:1.417pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">3.2&#8199; </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:1.417pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;white-space:normal;">
              <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000110465923126873/tm2332524d2_ex3-1.htm">Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit&#160;3.1 of the Company&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December&#160;18, 2023).</a>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;letter-spacing:0.2pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:1.417pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">3.3&#8199; </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:1.417pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;white-space:normal;">
              <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000155837024007076/rytm-20240331xex3d4.htm">Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Amended and Restated Certificate of Designations (incorporated by reference to Exhibit&#160;3.4 of the Company&#8217;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May&#160;7, 2024).</a>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;letter-spacing:0.2pt;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:1.417pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">4.1&#8199; </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:1.417pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;white-space:normal;">
              <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1649904/000104746917006046/a2233203zex-4_1.htm">Form of Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit&#160;4.1 of the Amendment No. 1 to the Company&#8217;s Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed with the SEC on September&#160;25, 2017).</a>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">4.2* </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Form of Specimen Certificate Representing Preferred Stock. </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">4.3&#8199; </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;">
              <div style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">
                <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="tm267280d2_ex4-3.htm">Form of Indenture.</a>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">4.4* </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Form of Debt Security. </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10.0000000000001pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">4.5* </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Form of Warrant. </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">4.6* </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Form of Warrant Agreement. </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">4.7* </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Form of Unit Agreement. </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="margin-left:5pt;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">5.1&#8199; </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;">
              <div style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">
                <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="tm267280d2_ex5-1.htm">Opinion of Latham &amp; Watkins LLP.</a>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">23.1 </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;">
              <div style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">
                <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="tm267280d2_ex5-1.htm">Consent of Latham &amp; Watkins LLP (included in Exhibit&#160;5.1).</a>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">23.2 </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;">
              <div style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">
                <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="tm267280d2_ex23-2.htm">Consent of Ernst &amp; Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.</a>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">24.1 </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.75pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;">
              <div style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">
                <a href="#tSIG">Powers of Attorney (incorporated by reference to the signature page hereto). </a>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:1.417pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">25.1*</font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:1.417pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;white-space:normal;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Statement of Eligibility on Form T-1 under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, of Debt Trustee (to be filed prior to any issuance of Debt Securities). </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:26.92pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">107 </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:2.75pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:417.08pt;">
              <div style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">
                <a style="-sec-extract:exhibit" href="tm267280d1_ex-filingfees.htm">Filing Fee Table</a>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
        </table>
        <div style="margin-top:12pt; width:456pt;">
          <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 108pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
        </div>
        <div style=" float:left; margin-top:6.61pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-align:left; width:20pt;white-space:nowrap;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">*</font>
          <br >
        </div>
        <div style=" margin-top:6.61pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; margin-left:20pt;">
          <!--blacklining:none;-->
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">To be filed by amendment or incorporated by reference in connection with the offering of the securities. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="clear:both; padding:0pt; margin:0pt;font-size:0pt;line-height:0pt;">&#8203;</div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">II-3</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
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    <div style="page-break-after:always; width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
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      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Item&#160;17.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Undertakings</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes: </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:60pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To include any prospectus required by Section&#160;10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:40pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:416pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement; and </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:40pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:416pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">provided</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">, </font><font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">however</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii), and (a)(1)(iii) above do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule&#160;424(b) that is a part of the registration statement. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(5)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser: </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:40pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:416pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(A)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule&#160;424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:40pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:416pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(B)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule&#160;424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule&#160;430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule&#160;415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x)&#160;for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule&#160;430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. </font><font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Provided</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">, </font><font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">however</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(6)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities: </font>
        </div>
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      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
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        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">II-4</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
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      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC2">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:128pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-left:40pt; text-indent:20pt; width:416pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser: </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:40pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:416pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule&#160;424; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:40pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:416pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant; </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:40pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:416pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:40pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:416pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(iv)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant&#8217;s annual report pursuant to Section&#160;13(a) or Section&#160;15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan&#8217;s annual report pursuant to section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial </font><font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">bona fide</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> offering thereof. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(h)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="margin-left:20pt; text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:436pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(j)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a)&#160;of Section&#160;310 of the Trust Indenture Act (the &#8220;Act&#8221;) in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the SEC under section 305(b)(2) of the Act.</font>
        </div>
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      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">II-5</font>
          <br >
        </div>
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        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a><a name="tSIG">&#8203;</a>
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      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
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      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">SIGNATURES</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:11.5pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Boston, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on February&#160;26, 2026. </font>
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        <table style="width:456pt;height:69pt;margin-top:10pt;border-collapse: collapse;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
          <tr style="line-height:10pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:240pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 1pt 0pt; width:0pt;" colspan="4">
              <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">RHYTHM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.</font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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          <tr style="line-height:12pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:240pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:20.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:12pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">By:</font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:20.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:180pt;white-space:normal;text-align:center;">
              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">/s/ David P. Meeker</font>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2.5pt; text-align:justify;">
                <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 180pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2pt; text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">David P. Meeker, M.D.</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
                <br >
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">President and Chief Executive Officer</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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        <div style="margin-top:11.9pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;font-weight:bold;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">POWER OF ATTORNEY</font><font style="font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0.2pt;"> </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Each of the undersigned officers and directors of the registrant hereby severally constitutes and appoints David P. Meeker, M.D. and Hunter Smith, and each of them singly (with full power to each of them to act alone), as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution in each of them, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, and in any and all capacities, to file and sign any and all amendments, including post-effective amendments, to this registration statement and any other registration statement for the same offering that is to be effective under Rule&#160;462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith and about the premises as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. This power of attorney shall be governed by and construed with the laws of the State of Delaware and applicable federal securities laws. </font>
        </div>
        <div style="text-indent:20pt; margin-top:8pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated. </font>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:0pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt; width:163.05pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">SIGNATURE </font>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
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              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">TITLE </font>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:0pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt; width:76.95pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">DATE </font>
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            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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          <tr style="line-height:12pt;height:57.5pt; white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:163.05pt;white-space:normal;text-align:center;">
              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">/s/ David P. Meeker</font>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2.5pt; text-align:justify;">
                <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 163.05pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2pt; text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">David P. Meeker, M.D.</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style=" width:192pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Chief Executive Officer, Director, </font>
              <br >
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Chairman of the Board</font>
              <br >
              <font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(principal executive officer)</font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:76.95pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">February&#160;26, 2026 </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
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          <tr style="line-height:12pt;height:47pt; white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:163.05pt;white-space:normal;text-align:center;">
              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">/s/ Hunter Smith</font>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2.5pt; text-align:justify;">
                <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 163.05pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2pt; text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Hunter Smith</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:192pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Chief Financial Officer</font>
              <br >
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(</font><font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">principal financial officer</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">) </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:76.95pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">February&#160;26, 2026 </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;height:47pt; white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:163.05pt;white-space:normal;text-align:center;">
              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">/s/ Christopher P. German</font>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2.5pt; text-align:justify;">
                <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 163.05pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2pt; text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Christopher P. German</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:192pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Corporate Controller</font>
              <br >
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">(</font><font style="font-style:italic;letter-spacing:0.2pt;">principal accounting officer</font><font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">) </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:76.95pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">February&#160;26, 2026 </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;height:47pt; white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:163.05pt;white-space:normal;text-align:center;">
              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">/s/ Edward T. Mathers</font>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2.5pt; text-align:justify;">
                <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 163.05pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2pt; text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Edward T. Mathers</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:192pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Lead Director </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:76.95pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">February&#160;26, 2026 </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;height:47pt; white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:163.05pt;white-space:normal;text-align:center;">
              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">/s/ Stuart Arbuckle</font>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2.5pt; text-align:justify;">
                <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 163.05pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2pt; text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Stuart Arbuckle</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:192pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Director </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:21.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:76.95pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">February&#160;26, 2026 </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
        </table>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2.00000000000002pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">II-6</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
    </div>
    <div style=" width:595.3pt;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
      <div style="padding:0pt;margin:0pt;font-family:calibri, arial, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;font-size:8pt;line-height:8pt;">
        <a style="text-decoration:none;color:#003366;" href="#TOC">TABLE OF CONTENTS</a>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:15.85pt;height:24pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:17pt; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:6pt;margin-bottom:414.5pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <table style="width:456pt;height:196.5pt;margin-top:0pt;border-collapse: collapse;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:8pt;">
          <tr style="line-height:8pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:8pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:0pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt; width:163.05pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">SIGNATURE </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:0pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt; width:192pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">TITLE </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="border-bottom:1px solid #000000;padding:0pt 0pt 2.5pt 0pt; width:76.95pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.16pt;">DATE </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;height:47.25pt; white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:19.917pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:163.05pt;white-space:normal;text-align:center;">
              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">/s/ Jennifer L. Good</font>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2.5pt; text-align:justify;">
                <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 163.05pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2pt; text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Jennifer L. Good</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:19.917pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:192pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Director </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:19.917pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:76.95pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:justify;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">February&#160;26, 2026 </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;height:47pt; white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:20.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:163.05pt;white-space:normal;text-align:center;">
              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">/s/ Christophe R. Jean</font>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2.5pt; text-align:justify;">
                <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 163.05pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2pt; text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Christophe R. Jean</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:20.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:192pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Director </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:20.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:76.95pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:justify;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">February&#160;26, 2026 </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;height:47pt; white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:20.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:163.05pt;white-space:normal;text-align:center;">
              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">/s/ David W. J. McGirr</font>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2.5pt; text-align:justify;">
                <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 163.05pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2pt; text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">David W. J. McGirr</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:20.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:192pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Director </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:20.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:76.95pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:justify;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">February&#160;26, 2026 </font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
          <tr style="line-height:12pt;white-space:nowrap;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman, Times, serif ;font-size:10pt;">
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:20.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:163.05pt;white-space:normal;text-align:center;">
              <div style="text-align:center;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">/s/ Lynn A. Tetrault</font>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2.5pt; text-align:justify;">
                <div style="margin-left: 0pt; width: 163.05pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 0pt; border-bottom: 1pt solid #000000; ">&#8203;</div>
              </div>
              <div style="margin-top:2pt; text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt;">Lynn A. Tetrault</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:20.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:192pt;">
              <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">Director </font>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:6pt;">&#8203;</td>
            <td style="padding:20.167pt 0pt 0.5pt 0pt; width:76.95pt;">
              <div style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:justify;">
                <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">February&#160;26, 2026</font>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="padding:0pt; width:0pt;">&#8203;</td>
          </tr>
        </table>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:0pt;height:12pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">&#160;</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:21.86pt;margin-left:69.66pt;width:456pt;">
        <div style="margin-top:5pt; text-align:center; width:456pt; line-height:12pt;">
          <font style="letter-spacing:0.2pt;">II-7</font>
          <br >
        </div>
      </div>
      <hr >
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-1.2
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>tm267280d2_ex1-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 1.2
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 1.2</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>RHYTHM
PHARMACEUTICALS,&nbsp;INC.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>$200,000,000</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>COMMON
STOCK</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>SALES
AGREEMENT</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">February&nbsp;26, 2026</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">TD Securities (USA) LLC</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">1 Vanderbilt Avenue</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">New York, New York 10017</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Ladies and Gentlemen:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Rhythm
Pharmaceuticals,&nbsp;Inc., a Delaware corporation</FONT> (the &ldquo;<B><U>Company</U></B>&rdquo;), confirms its agreement (this &ldquo;<B><U>Agreement</U></B>&rdquo;)
with TD Securities (USA) LLC (&ldquo;<B><U>TD Cowen</U></B>&rdquo;), as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Issuance
and Sale of Shares</U>. The Company agrees that, from time to time during the term of this Agreement, on the terms and subject to the
conditions set forth herein, it may issue and sell through TD Cowen, acting as agent and/or principal, shares (the &ldquo;<B><U>Placement
Shares</U></B>&rdquo;) of the Company&rsquo;s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the &ldquo;<B><U>Common Stock</U></B>&rdquo;),
having an aggregate offering price of up to $200,000,000 (the &ldquo;<B><U>Maximum Amount</U></B>&rdquo;). Notwithstanding anything to
the contrary contained herein, the parties hereto agree that compliance with the limitation set forth in this <U>Section&nbsp;1</U> on
the number of shares of Common Stock issued and sold under this Agreement shall be the sole responsibility of the Company, and TD Cowen
shall have no obligation in connection with such compliance. The issuance and sale of Common Stock through TD Cowen will be effected pursuant
to the Registration Statement (as defined below) filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;<B><U>Commission</U></B>&rdquo;)
and which will become automatically effective upon filing, although nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as requiring the Company
to use the Registration Statement (as defined below) to issue the Common Stock. The Company acknowledges and agrees that sales of Common
Stock under this Agreement may be made through affiliates of TD Cowen, and that TD Cowen may otherwise fulfill its obligations pursuant
to this Agreement to or through an affiliated broker-dealer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company shall file, in
accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules&nbsp;and regulations thereunder (collectively,
the &ldquo;<B><U>Securities Act</U></B>&rdquo;), with the Commission an automatic registration statement on Form&nbsp;S-3ASR, including
a base prospectus, relating to certain securities, including the Common Stock, to be issued from time to time by the Company, and which
incorporates by reference documents that the Company has filed or will file in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules&nbsp;and regulations thereunder (collectively, the &ldquo;<B><U>Exchange Act</U></B>&rdquo;). The
Company has prepared a prospectus specifically relating to the Placement Shares (the &ldquo;<B><U>ATM Prospectus</U></B>&rdquo;) to the
base prospectus included as part of such registration statement, and shall, if necessary, prepare a prospectus supplement specifically
relating to the Placement Shares (the &ldquo;<B><U>Prospectus Supplement</U></B>&rdquo;) to the base prospectus included as part of such
registration statement. The Company shall furnish to TD Cowen, for use by TD Cowen, copies of the prospectus included as part of such
registration statement, as supplemented by the Prospectus Supplement, if any, relating to the Placement Shares. Except where the context
otherwise requires, such registration statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, as amended when it becomes effective, including
all documents filed as part thereof or incorporated by reference therein, and including any information contained in a Prospectus (as
defined below) subsequently filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;under the Securities Act or deemed to be a part
of such registration statement pursuant to Rule&nbsp;430B or 462(b)&nbsp;of the Securities Act, or any subsequent registration statement
on Form&nbsp;S-3 filed pursuant to Rule&nbsp;415(a)(6)&nbsp;under the Securities Act by the Company to cover any Placement Shares, is
herein called the &ldquo;<B><U>Registration Statement.</U></B>&rdquo; Any registration statement and amendments thereto filed pursuant
to Rule&nbsp;462(b)&nbsp;of the Securities Act and relating to the offering covered by the Registration Statement is herein called a &ldquo;<B>Rule&nbsp;462(b)&nbsp;Registration
Statement</B>&rdquo; and, after such filing, the &ldquo;Registration Statement&rdquo; shall include any Rule&nbsp;462(b)&nbsp;Registration
Statement. The base prospectus, including all documents incorporated therein by reference, included in the Registration Statement, as
it may be supplemented by the ATM Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, if any, in the form in which such prospectus, ATM Prospectus
and/or Prospectus Supplement have most recently been filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;under
the Securities Act, together with any &ldquo;issuer free writing prospectus,&rdquo; as defined in Rule&nbsp;433 of the Securities Act
regulations (&ldquo;<B><U>Rule&nbsp;433</U></B>&rdquo;<B>)</B>, relating to the Placement Shares that (i)&nbsp;is consented to by TD Cowen,
hereinafter referred to as a &ldquo;<B><U>Permitted Free Writing Prospectus</U></B>,&rdquo; (ii)&nbsp;is required to be filed with the
Commission by the Company or (iii)&nbsp;is exempt from filing pursuant to Rule&nbsp;433(d)(5)(i), in each case in the form filed or required
to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company&rsquo;s records pursuant to Rule&nbsp;433(g),
is herein called the &ldquo;<B><U>Prospectus</U></B>.&rdquo; Any reference herein to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any
amendment or supplement thereto shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein, and any reference
herein to the terms &ldquo;amend,&rdquo; &ldquo;amendment&rdquo; or &ldquo;supplement&rdquo; with respect to the Registration Statement
or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing after the execution hereof of any document with the Commission deemed
to be incorporated by reference therein. For purposes of this Agreement, all references to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus
or to any amendment or supplement thereto shall be deemed to include any copy filed with the Commission pursuant to the Electronic Data
Gathering Analysis and Retrieval System (&ldquo;<B><U>EDGAR</U></B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Placements</U>.
Each time that the Company wishes to issue and sell the Placement Shares hereunder (each, a &ldquo;<B><U>Placement</U></B>&rdquo;), it
will notify TD Cowen by email notice (or other method mutually agreed to in writing by the parties) (a &ldquo;<B><U>Placement Notice</U></B>&rdquo;)
containing the parameters in accordance with which it desires the Placement Shares to be sold, which shall at a minimum include the number
of Placement Shares to be issued, the time period during which sales are requested to be made, any limitation on the number of Placement
Shares that may be sold in any one Trading Day (as defined in <U>Section&nbsp;3</U>) and any minimum price below which sales may not be
made, a form of which containing such minimum sales parameters necessary is attached hereto as <B><U>Schedule 1</U></B>. The Placement
Notice shall originate from any of the individuals from the Company set forth on <B><U>Schedule 2</U></B> (with a copy to each of the
other individuals from the Company listed on such schedule), and shall be addressed to each of the individuals from TD Cowen set forth
on <B><U>Schedule 2</U></B>, as such <B><U>Schedule 2</U></B> may be amended from time to time. The Placement Notice shall be effective
upon receipt by TD Cowen unless and until (i)&nbsp;in accordance with the notice requirements set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;4</U>, TD Cowen
declines to accept the terms contained therein for any reason, in its sole discretion, (ii)&nbsp;the entire amount of the Placement Shares
have been sold, (iii)&nbsp;in accordance with the notice requirements set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;4</U>, the Company suspends or terminates
the Placement Notice for any reason, in its sole discretion, (iv)&nbsp;the Company issues a subsequent Placement Notice with parameters
superseding those on the earlier dated Placement Notice, or (v)&nbsp;this Agreement has been terminated under the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;11</U>.
The amount of any discount, commission or other compensation to be paid by the Company to TD Cowen in connection with the sale of the
Placement Shares shall be calculated in accordance with the terms set forth in <B><U>Schedule 3</U>.</B> It is expressly acknowledged
and agreed that neither the Company nor TD Cowen will have any obligation whatsoever with respect to a Placement or any Placement Shares
unless and until the Company delivers a Placement Notice to TD Cowen and TD Cowen does not decline such Placement Notice pursuant to the
terms set forth above, and then only upon the terms specified therein and herein. In the event of a conflict between the terms of this
Agreement and the terms of a Placement Notice, the terms of the Placement Notice will control.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Sale
of Placement Shares by TD Cowen.</U> Subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, upon the Company&rsquo;s delivery of a Placement
Notice, and unless the sale of the Placement Shares described therein has been declined, suspended, or otherwise terminated in accordance
with the terms of this Agreement, TD Cowen, for the period specified in the Placement Notice, will use its commercially reasonable efforts
consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable state and federal laws, rules&nbsp;and regulations and the rules&nbsp;of
the Nasdaq Stock Market,&nbsp;Inc. (&ldquo;<B><U>Nasdaq</U></B>&rdquo;) to sell such Placement Shares up to the amount specified, and
otherwise in accordance with the terms of such Placement Notice. TD Cowen will provide written confirmation to the Company (including
by email correspondence to each of the individuals of the Company set forth on <B><U>Schedule 2</U></B>, if receipt of such correspondence
is actually acknowledged by any of the individuals to whom the notice is sent, other than via auto-reply) no later than the opening of
the Trading Day (as defined below) immediately following the Trading Day on which it has made sales of Placement Shares hereunder setting
forth the number of Placement Shares sold on such day, the volume-weighted average price of the Placement Shares sold, and the Net Proceeds
(as defined below) payable to the Company. In the event the Company engages TD Cowen for a sale of Placement Shares that would constitute
a &ldquo;block&rdquo; within the meaning of Rule&nbsp;10b-18(a)(5)&nbsp;under the Exchange Act (a &ldquo;<B><U>Block Sale</U></B>&rdquo;),
the Company will provide TD Cowen, at TD Cowen&rsquo;s request and upon reasonable advance notice to the Company, on or prior to the Settlement
Date (as defined below), the opinions of counsel, accountant&rsquo;s letter and officers&rsquo; certificates set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;8</U>
hereof, each dated the Settlement Date, and such other documents and information as TD Cowen shall reasonably request. TD Cowen may sell
Placement Shares in negotiated transactions, including block trades or Block Sales, or by any method permitted by law deemed to be an
 &ldquo;at the market&rdquo; offering as defined in Rule&nbsp;415 of the Securities Act, including without limitation sales made through
Nasdaq or on any other existing trading market for the Common Stock, or by any other method permitted by law. TD Cowen shall not purchase
Placement Shares for its own account as principal unless expressly authorized to do so by the Company in a Placement Notice. The Company
acknowledges and agrees that (i)&nbsp;there can be no assurance that TD Cowen will be successful in selling Placement Shares, and (ii)&nbsp;TD
Cowen will incur no liability or obligation to the Company or any other person or entity if it does not sell Placement Shares for any
reason other than a failure by TD Cowen to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices
to sell such Placement Shares as required under this <U>Section&nbsp;3</U>. For the purposes hereof, &ldquo;<B><U>Trading Day</U></B>&rdquo;
means any day on which the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock is purchased and sold on the principal market on which the Common Stock is listed
or quoted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement,
the Company shall not offer, sell or deliver, or request the offer or sale, of any Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement and, by
notice to TD Cowen given by telephone (confirmed promptly by email), shall cancel any instructions for the offer or sale of any Placement
Shares, and TD Cowen shall not be obligated to offer or sell any Placement Shares, (i)&nbsp;during any period in which the Company is,
or could be deemed to be, in possession of material non-public information, or (ii)&nbsp;at any time from and including the date on which
the Company shall issue a press release containing, or shall otherwise publicly announce, its earnings, revenues or other results of operations
(an &ldquo;<B><U>Earnings Announcement</U></B>&rdquo;) through and including the time that the Company files a Quarterly Report on Form&nbsp;10-Q
or an Annual Report on Form&nbsp;10-K that includes consolidated financial statements as of and for the same period or periods, as the
case may be, covered by such Earnings Announcement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Suspension
of Sales</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Company or TD Cowen may, upon notice to the other party in writing (including by email correspondence to each of the individuals of the
other party set forth on <B><U>Schedule 2</U></B>, if receipt of such correspondence is actually acknowledged by any of the individuals
to whom the notice is sent, other than via auto-reply) or by telephone (confirmed immediately by verifiable facsimile transmission or
email correspondence to each of the individuals of the other party set forth on <B><U>Schedule 2</U></B>), suspend any sale of Placement
Shares; <I>provided, however</I>, that such suspension shall not affect or impair either party&rsquo;s obligations with respect to any
Placement Shares sold hereunder prior to the receipt of such notice. While a suspension is in effect, any obligation under Sections 7(m),
7(n)&nbsp;and 7(o)&nbsp;with respect to delivery of certificates, opinion, or comfort letters to TD Cowen shall be waived. Each of the
parties agrees that no such notice under this <U>Section&nbsp;4</U> shall be effective against the other unless it is made to one of the
individuals named on <B><U>Schedule 2</U></B> hereto, as such schedule may be amended from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>If
either TD Cowen or the Company has reason to believe that the exemptive provisions set forth in Rule&nbsp;101(c)(1)&nbsp;of Regulation
M under the Exchange Act are not satisfied with respect to the Common Stock, it shall promptly notify the other party, and TD Cowen may,
at its sole discretion, suspend sales of the Placement Shares under this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>Notwithstanding
any other provision of this Agreement, during any period in which the Registration Statement is no longer effective under the Securities
Act, the Company shall promptly notify TD Cowen, the Company shall not request the sale of any Placement Shares, and TD Cowen shall not
be obligated to sell or offer to sell any Placement Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Settlement.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Settlement
of Placement Shares</U>. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Placement Notice, settlement for sales of Placement Shares will
occur on the first (1<SUP>st</SUP>) Trading Day following the date on which such sales are made (each, a &ldquo;<B><U>Settlement Date</U></B>&rdquo;
and the first such settlement date, the &ldquo;<B><U>First Delivery Date</U></B>&rdquo;). The amount of proceeds to be delivered to the
Company on a Settlement Date against receipt of the Placement Shares sold (the &ldquo;<B><U>Net Proceeds</U></B>&rdquo;) will be equal
to the aggregate sales price received by TD Cowen at which such Placement Shares were sold, after deduction for (i)&nbsp;TD Cowen&rsquo;s
commission, discount or other compensation for such sales payable by the Company pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;2</U> hereof, (ii)&nbsp;any
other amounts due and payable by the Company to TD Cowen hereunder pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(g)</U>&nbsp;(Expenses) hereof, and (iii)&nbsp;any
transaction fees imposed by any governmental or self-regulatory organization in respect of such sales.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Delivery
of Placement Shares</U>. On or before each Settlement Date, the Company will, or will cause its transfer agent to, electronically transfer
the Placement Shares being sold by crediting TD Cowen&rsquo;s or its designee&rsquo;s account (provided TD Cowen shall have given the
Company written notice of such designee at least one Trading Day prior to the Settlement Date) at The Depository Trust Company through
its Deposit and Withdrawal at Custodian System (&ldquo;<B><U>DWAC</U></B>&rdquo;) or by such other means of delivery as may be mutually
agreed upon by the parties hereto which in all cases shall be freely tradeable, transferable, registered shares in good deliverable form.
On each Settlement Date, TD Cowen will deliver the related Net Proceeds in same day funds to an account designated by the Company on,
or prior to, the Settlement Date. TD Cowen will be responsible for providing DWAC instructions or instructions by other means with regard
to the transfer of the Placement Shares being sold. The Company agrees that if the Company, or its transfer agent (if applicable), defaults
in its obligation to deliver duly authorized Placement Shares on a Settlement Date through no fault of TD Cowen, the Company agrees that
in addition to and in no way limiting the rights and obligations set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;9(a)</U>&nbsp;(Indemnification and Contribution)
hereto, it will (i)&nbsp;hold TD Cowen harmless against any loss, claim, damage, or reasonable and documented expense (including reasonable
legal fees and expenses), as incurred, arising out of or in connection with such default by the Company and (ii)&nbsp;pay to TD Cowen
(without duplication) any commission, discount, or other compensation to which it would otherwise have been entitled absent such default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Representations
and Warranties of the Company</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, the Company represents and warrants
to, and agrees with, TD Cowen that, unless such representation, warranty or agreement specifies a different time, as of (i)&nbsp;the date
of this Agreement, (ii)&nbsp;each Time of Sale (as defined below), (iii)&nbsp;each Settlement Date and (iv)&nbsp;each Bring-Down Date
(as defined below) (each date included in (i)&nbsp;through (iv), a &ldquo;<B><U>Representation Date</U></B>&rdquo;):</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Compliance
with Registration Requirements</U>. Prior to the issuance of any Placement Notice by the Company, the Registration Statement and any Rule&nbsp;462(b)&nbsp;Registration
Statement will have been declared effective by the Commission under the Securities Act. The Company has complied to the Commission&rsquo;s
satisfaction with all requests of the Commission for additional or supplemental information with respect to the Registration Statement.
No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any Rule&nbsp;462(b)&nbsp;Registration Statement is in effect
and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, contemplated or threatened
by the Commission. The Company meets the requirements for use of Form&nbsp;S-3 under the Securities Act. The sale of the Placement Shares
hereunder meets the requirements of General Instruction I.B.1 of Form&nbsp;S-3.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Misstatement or Omission</U>. The Prospectus when filed complied and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will comply in all material
respects with the Securities Act. Each of the Registration Statement, any Rule&nbsp;462(b)&nbsp;Registration Statement, the Prospectus
and any post-effective amendments or supplements thereto, at the time it became effective or its date, as applicable, complied and as
of each Representation Date, if any, complied in all material respects with the Securities Act and did not and, as of each Representation
Date, if any, did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, as of its date, did not
and, as of each Representation Date will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The representations
and warranties set forth in the two immediately preceding sentences do not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement,
any Rule&nbsp;462(b)&nbsp;Registration Statement, or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the Prospectus, or any amendments or supplements
thereto, made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to TD Cowen furnished to the Company in writing by TD Cowen
expressly for use therein. There are no contracts or other documents required to be described in the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits
to the Registration Statement which have not been described or filed as required. As used herein, &ldquo;<B><U>Time of Sale</U></B>&rdquo;
means with respect to each offering of Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement, the time of Cowen&rsquo;s initial entry into contracts
with purchasers for the sale of such Placement Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Offering
Materials Furnished to TD Cowen</U>. The Company has delivered to TD Cowen one complete copy of the Registration Statement and a copy
of each consent and certificate of experts filed as a part thereof, and conformed copies of the Registration Statement (without exhibits)
and the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, in such quantities and at such places as TD Cowen has reasonably requested. The Registration
Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (to the extent any such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus was required
to be filed with the Commission) delivered to TD Cowen for use in connection with the public offering of the Placement Shares contemplated
herein have been and will be identical to the versions of such documents transmitted to the Commission for filing via EDGAR, except to
the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>FINRA
Exemption</U>. The Company qualifies as an &ldquo;experienced issuer&rdquo; (within the meaning of FINRA Conduct Rule&nbsp;5110(j)(6))
for purposes of the exemption from filing under FINRA Conduct Rule&nbsp;5110(h)(1)(C).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Not
an Ineligible Issuer</U>. The Company currently is not an &ldquo;ineligible issuer,&rdquo; as defined in Rule&nbsp;405 of the rules&nbsp;and
regulation of the Commission. The Company agrees to notify TD Cowen promptly upon the Company becoming an &ldquo;ineligible issuer.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Distribution
of Offering Material By the Company</U>. The Company has not distributed and will not distribute, prior to the completion of TD Cowen&rsquo;s
distribution of the Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement, any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the
Placement Shares other than the Prospectus or the Registration Statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(g)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>The
Sales Agreement</U>. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by, and is a valid and binding agreement of, the
Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as rights to indemnification hereunder may be limited by applicable law and
except as the enforcement hereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to
or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors or by general equitable principles.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(h)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Authorization
of the Common Stock</U>. The Placement Shares, when issued, delivered and paid for in accordance with this Agreement will be validly issued,
fully paid and nonassessable, and such Placement Shares, when issued and delivered in accordance with this Agreement, will be free of
preemptive rights or other rights of any securityholder of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Applicable Registration or Other Similar Rights</U>. There are no persons with registration or other similar rights to have any equity
or debt securities registered for sale under the Registration Statement or included in the offering contemplated by this Agreement, except
for such rights as have been duly waived.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(j)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Material
Adverse Change</U>. There has not occurred, individually or in the aggregate, any material adverse change, or any development involving
a prospective material adverse change, in the condition (financial or otherwise), prospects, earnings, business or operations of the Company
from that set forth in the Registration Statement or Prospectus (any such change is called a &ldquo;<B><U>Material Adverse Change</U></B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(k)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Independent
Accountants</U>. Ernst&nbsp;&amp; Young LLP, who have certified certain financial statements of the Company and delivered their report
with respect to the audited financial statements and schedules included in or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement
and Prospectus, are independent public accountants with respect to the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act and the applicable
published rules&nbsp;and regulations thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(l)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Preparation
of the Financial Statements</U>. The consolidated historical financial statements and schedules of the Company filed with the Commission
as a part of or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and included in the Prospectus present fairly in all material
respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of the dates and for the periods indicated, comply
as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Securities Act and have been prepared in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved (except as otherwise noted
therein). The selected financial data set forth or incorporated in the Registration Statement and included in the Prospectus fairly present,
on the basis stated in the Prospectus and the Registration Statement, the information included therein. The pro forma financial statements
included in the Prospectus and the Registration Statement include assumptions that provide a reasonable basis for presenting the significant
effects directly attributable to the transactions and events described therein, the related pro forma adjustments give appropriate effect
to those assumptions, and the pro forma adjustments reflect the proper application of those adjustments to the historical financial statement
amounts in the pro forma financial statements included in the Prospectus and the Registration Statement. The pro forma financial statements
included in the Prospectus and the Registration Statement comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements
of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act and the pro forma adjustments have been properly applied to the historical amounts in the compilation
of those statements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(m)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Transfer Taxes</U>. There are no transfer taxes or other similar fees or charges under Federal law or the laws of any state, or any political
subdivision thereof, required to be paid in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the issuance by the Company
or sale by the Company of the Placement Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(n)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>eXtensible
Business Reporting Language</U>. The interactive data in eXtensible Business Reporting Language included or incorporated by reference
in the Registration Statement fairly presents the information called for in all material respects and has been prepared in accordance
with the Commission&rsquo;s rules&nbsp;and guidelines applicable thereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(o)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Incorporation
and Good Standing of the Company</U>. The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing
under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is chartered or organized with full corporate power and authority to own or lease, as the
case may be, and to operate its properties and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, and is
duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction which requires such
qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the
aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(p)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Capital
Stock Matters</U>. The outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully
paid and nonassessable; the Placement Shares have been duly and validly authorized and, when issued and delivered to and paid for pursuant
to this Agreement, will be fully paid and nonassessable; the holders of shares of capital stock of the Company are not entitled to preemptive
or other rights to subscribe for the Placement Shares; and, except as set forth in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, no options,
warrants or other rights to purchase, agreements or other obligations to issue, or rights to convert any obligations into or exchange
any securities for, shares of capital stock of or ownership interests in the Company are outstanding. The authorized capital stock of
the Company conforms as to legal matters to the description thereof contained in each of the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(q)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Business
Arrangements</U>. The Company does not currently own or control, directly or indirectly, any interest in any other corporation, partnership,
trust, joint venture, limited liability company, association, or other business entity. The Company is not a participant in any joint
venture, partnership or similar arrangement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(r)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Violation or Default</U>. The Company is not in violation or default of (i)&nbsp;its charter or bylaws, (ii)&nbsp;the terms of any indenture,
contract, lease, mortgage, deed of trust, note agreement, loan agreement or other agreement, obligation, condition, covenant or instrument
to which it is a party or bound or to which its property is subject, or (iii)&nbsp;any statute, law, rule, regulation, judgment, order
or decree of any court, regulatory body, administrative agency, governmental body, arbitrator or other authority having jurisdiction over
the Company or any of its properties, as applicable, except in the case of clauses (ii)&nbsp;and (iii), for such breach or violation as
would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(s)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Non-Contravention;
No Further Authorizations or Approvals Required</U>. Neither the issue and sale of the Placement Shares nor the consummation of any other
of the transactions herein contemplated nor the fulfillment of the terms hereof will conflict with, result in a breach or violation of,
or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company pursuant to, (i)&nbsp;the charter or bylaws
of the Company, (ii)&nbsp;the terms of any indenture, contract, lease, mortgage, deed of trust, note agreement, loan agreement or other
agreement, obligation, condition, covenant or instrument to which the Company is a party or bound or to which its property is subject,
or (iii)&nbsp;any statute, law, rule, regulation, judgment, order or decree applicable to the Company of any court, regulatory body, administrative
agency, governmental body, arbitrator or other authority having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its properties, except in the
case of clauses (ii)&nbsp;and (iii)&nbsp;as would not have a Material Adverse Change. The Company&rsquo;s execution, delivery and performance
of this Agreement and consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and by the Prospectus (i)&nbsp;have been duly authorized by
all necessary corporate action and will not result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or bylaws of the Company or any subsidiary,
(ii)&nbsp;will not conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge
or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries pursuant to, or require the consent of any other
party to, any indenture, mortgage, loan or credit agreement, note, contract, franchise, lease or other instrument, except for such conflicts,
breaches, defaults, liens, charges or encumbrances as would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change
and (iii)&nbsp;will not result in any violation of any law, administrative regulation or administrative or court decree applicable to
the Company or any subsidiary, except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Change. No consent, approval, authorization,
filing with or order of any court or governmental agency or body is required in connection with the transactions contemplated herein,
except such as have been obtained under the Securities Act, from the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (&ldquo;<B><U>FINRA</U></B>&rdquo;)
and as may be required under the blue sky laws of any jurisdiction in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Placement Shares
in the manner contemplated herein and in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, any free writing prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(t)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Material Actions or Proceedings</U>. No action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or
any arbitrator involving the Company or its property is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened that could reasonably
be expected to have a Material Adverse Change, except as set forth in or contemplated in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(u)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>All
Necessary Permits,&nbsp;etc</U>. The Company possesses all licenses, certificates, permits and other authorizations issued by all applicable
authorities necessary to conduct its business, except in each case, the lack of which would not reasonably be expected, individually or
in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Change, and the Company has not received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation
or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit which, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision,
ruling or finding, would have a Material Adverse Change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(v)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Tax
Law Compliance</U>. The Company has filed all tax returns that are required to be filed or has requested extensions thereof (except in
any case in which the failure so to file would not have a Material Adverse Change), except as set forth in or contemplated in the Registration
Statement and the Prospectus, and has paid all taxes required to be paid by it and any other assessment, fine or penalty levied against
it, to the extent that any of the foregoing is due and payable, except for any such assessment, fine or penalty that is currently being
contested in good faith or as would not have a Material Adverse Change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(w)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Labor Disputes</U>. No labor problem or dispute with the employees of the Company exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is threatened
or imminent, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its principal suppliers,
contractors or customers, that could have a Material Adverse Change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(x)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Company
Not an &ldquo;Investment Company</U>&rdquo;. The Company is not and, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Placement Shares
and the application of the proceeds thereof as described in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, will not be an &ldquo;investment
company&rdquo; as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(y)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Ownership
and Lease of Property</U>. The Company owns or leases all such properties as are necessary to the conduct of its operations as presently
conducted in all material respects.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(z)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Insurance</U>.
The Company is insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as the Company
reasonably believes are prudent and customary in the businesses in which it is engaged; all policies of insurance and fidelity or surety
bonds insuring the Company or its business, assets, employees, officers and directors are in full force and effect; the Company is in
compliance with the terms of such policies and instruments in all material respects; and there are no claims by the Company under any
such policy or instrument as to which any insurance company is denying liability or defending under a reservation of rights clause; the
Company has not been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for; and the Company has no reason to believe that it will not be
able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as
may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not have a Material Adverse Change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(aa)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Price Stabilization or Manipulation</U>. The Company has not taken, directly or indirectly, without giving effect to any activities of
TD Cowen, any action designed to or that would constitute or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under the Exchange
Act or otherwise, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Placement
Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(bb)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Exchange
Act Compliance</U>. The documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, at the time they were or hereafter
are filed with the Commission, complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act, and, when
read together with the other information in the Prospectus, at the Settlement Dates, will not contain an untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the fact required to be stated therein or necessary
to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. There is no contract or
other document of a character required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or to be filed as an exhibit thereto,
which is not described or filed as required (and the Registration Statement and Prospectus contains in all material respects the same
description of the foregoing matters contained in the Registration Statement and Prospectus).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(cc)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Unlawful Contributions or Other Payments</U>. (i)&nbsp;None of the Company, or any director, officer, or employee thereof, or, to the
Company&rsquo;s knowledge, any agent or representative of the Company, has taken or will take any action in furtherance of an offer, payment,
promise to pay, or authorization or approval of the payment, giving or receipt of money, property, gifts or anything else of value, directly
or indirectly, to any government official (including any officer or employee of a government or government-owned or controlled entity
or of a public international organization, or any person acting in an official capacity for or on behalf of any of the foregoing, or any
political party or party official or candidate for political office) in order to influence official action, or to any person in violation
of any applicable anti-corruption laws; (ii)&nbsp;the Company has conducted its business in compliance with applicable anti-corruption
laws and has instituted and maintained and will continue to maintain policies and procedures reasonably designed to promote and achieve
compliance with such laws and with the representations and warranties contained herein; and (iii)&nbsp;the Company will not use, directly
or indirectly, the proceeds of the offering in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization of the payment or giving
of money, or anything else of value, to any person in violation of any applicable anti-corruption laws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(dd)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Compliance
with Money Laundering Laws</U>. The operations of the Company are and have been conducted at all times in material compliance with all
applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including those of the Bank Secrecy Act, as amended by Title III of the
Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (USA PATRIOT
Act), and the applicable anti-money laundering statutes of jurisdictions where the Company conducts business, the rules&nbsp;and regulations
thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively,
the &ldquo;<B><U>Anti-Money Laundering Laws</U></B>&rdquo;), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental
agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company with respect to the Anti-Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the
best knowledge of the Company, threatened.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ee)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Compliance
with OFAC</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(A)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">None of the Company, or any director, officer, or employee thereof, or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge,
any agent, affiliate or representative of the Company, is an individual or entity (&ldquo;<B><U>Person</U></B>&rdquo;) that is, or is
owned or controlled by one or more Persons that are:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the subject of any sanctions administered or enforced by the U.S. Department of Treasury&rsquo;s Office
of Foreign Assets Control (&ldquo;<B><U>OFAC</U></B>&rdquo;), the United Nations Security Council (&ldquo;<B><U>UNSC</U></B>&rdquo;),
the European Union (&ldquo;<B><U>EU</U></B>&rdquo;), His Majesty&rsquo;s Treasury (&ldquo;<B><U>HMT</U></B>&rdquo;), or other relevant
sanctions authority (collectively, &ldquo;<B><U>Sanctions</U></B>&rdquo;), or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is the subject of Sanctions, including,
without limitation, the so-called Donetsk People&rsquo;s Republic, the so-called Luhansk People&rsquo;s Republic, the Crimea Region of
Ukraine, the non-government controlled areas of the Zaporizhzhia and Kherson Regions, Cuba,&nbsp;Iran, North Korea and Syria (before July&nbsp;1,
2025).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(B)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Company will not, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute or
otherwise make available such proceeds to any joint venture partner or other Person:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(i)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">to fund or facilitate any activities or business of or with any Person or in any country or territory
that, at the time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject of Sanctions; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">in any other manner that will result in a violation of Sanctions by any Person (including TD Cowen).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(C)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Since April&nbsp;24, 2019, the Company has not knowingly engaged in, is not now knowingly engaged in,
and will not engage in, any dealings or transactions with any Person, or in any country or territory, that at the time of the dealing
or transaction is or was the subject of Sanctions.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ff)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Company&rsquo;s
Accounting System</U>. The Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that
(i)&nbsp;transactions are executed in accordance with management&rsquo;s general or specific authorizations; (ii)&nbsp;transactions are
recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to
maintain asset accountability; (iii)&nbsp;access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management&rsquo;s general or specific
authorization; and (iv)&nbsp;the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate
action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company&rsquo;s internal controls over financial reporting are effective and the
Company is not aware of any material weakness in its internal controls over financial reporting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(gg)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Disclosure
Controls</U>. The Company maintains &ldquo;disclosure controls and procedures&rdquo; (as such term is defined in Rule&nbsp;13a-15(e)&nbsp;under
the Exchange Act); such disclosure controls and procedures are effective.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(hh)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Compliance
with Environmental Laws</U>. Except in each case as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material
Adverse Change, the Company (i)&nbsp;is in compliance with any and all applicable foreign, federal, state and local laws and regulations
relating to the protection of human health and safety, the environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants
(&ldquo;<B><U>Environmental Laws</U></B>&rdquo;), (ii)&nbsp;has received and is in compliance with all permits, licenses or other approvals
required of it under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct its business and (iii)&nbsp;has not received notice of any actual or potential
liability under any environmental law. The Company has not been named as a &ldquo;potentially responsible party&rdquo; under the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ii)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Compliance
with ERISA</U>. None of the following events has occurred or exists: (i)&nbsp;a failure to fulfill the obligations, if any, under the
minimum funding standards of Section&nbsp;302 of the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (&ldquo;<B><U>ERISA</U></B>&rdquo;),
and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder with respect to a Plan that is required to be funded, determined without
regard to any waiver of such obligations or extension of any amortization period that would reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Change; (ii)&nbsp;an audit or investigation by the Internal Revenue Service, the U.S. Department of Labor, the Pension Benefit
Guaranty Corporation or any other federal or state governmental agency or any foreign regulatory agency with respect to the employment
or compensation of employees by the Company that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Change; (iii)&nbsp;any breach
of any contractual obligation, or any violation of law or applicable qualification standards, with respect to the employment or compensation
of employees by the Company that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Change. None of the following events has occurred
or is reasonably likely to occur: (i)&nbsp;a material increase in the aggregate amount of contributions required to be made to all Plans
in the current fiscal year of the Company compared to the amount of such contributions made in the most recently completed fiscal year
of the Company; (ii)&nbsp;a material increase in the &ldquo;accumulated post-retirement benefit obligations&rdquo; (within the meaning
of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 106) of the Company compared to the amount of such obligations in the most recently completed
fiscal year of the Company; (iii)&nbsp;any event or condition giving rise to a liability under Title IV of ERISA that would reasonably
be expected to have a Material Adverse Change; or (iv)&nbsp;the filing of a claim by one or more employees or former employees of the
Company related to their employment that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Change. For purposes of this paragraph,
the term &ldquo;Plan&rdquo; means a plan (within the meaning of Section&nbsp;3(3)&nbsp;of ERISA) subject to Title IV of ERISA with respect
to which the Company may have any liability.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(jj)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Intellectual
Property</U>. The Company owns, possesses, licenses or has other rights to use, on reasonable terms, all patents, patent applications,
trade and service marks, trade and service mark registrations, trade names, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets, technology,
know-how and other intellectual property (collectively, the &ldquo;<B><U>Intellectual Property</U></B>&rdquo;) necessary for the conduct
of the Company&rsquo;s business in all material respects as now conducted or as proposed in the Registration Statement and Prospectus
to be conducted. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (a)&nbsp;there are no rights of third parties to
any such Intellectual Property; (b)&nbsp;to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, there is no material infringement by third parties of any such
Intellectual Property; (c)&nbsp;there is no pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim
by others challenging the Company&rsquo;s rights in or to any such Intellectual Property, and, except as would not reasonably be expected
to have a Material Adverse Change, the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; (d)&nbsp;there
is no pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or
scope of any such Intellectual Property, and, except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Change, the Company
is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; (e)&nbsp;there is no pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s
knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company infringes or otherwise violates any patent, trademark,
copyright, trade secret or other proprietary rights of others, and, except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Change, the Company is unaware of any other fact which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; (f)&nbsp;there is no U.S. patent
which contains claims that dominate any Intellectual Property described in the Prospectus and any free writing prospectus as being owned
by or licensed to the Company or that interferes with the issued claims of any such Intellectual Property; and (g)&nbsp;there is no prior
art that may render any U.S. patent held by the Company invalid, and all prior art of which the Company is aware that may be material
to the validity of a U.S. patent or to the patentability of a U.S. patent application has been disclosed to the U.S. Patent and Trademark
Office.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(kk)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Compliance
with Applicable Laws</U>. Except as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company (i)&nbsp;is and at all times
has been in compliance with all local, state, federal, national, supranational and foreign statutes, rules&nbsp;and regulations applicable
to the ownership, testing, development, manufacture, packaging, processing, use, storage, import, export or disposal of any product manufactured
or distributed by the Company, including, without limitation, the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. &sect; 301 et seq.),
and the federal Anti-kickback Statute (42 U.S.C. &sect; 1320a-7b(b)), the regulations promulgated pursuant to such laws, and any successor
government programs, and comparable state laws, regulations relating to Good Laboratory Practices and Good Clinical Practices (collectively,
the &ldquo;<B><U>Applicable Laws</U></B>&rdquo;), except for such non-compliance as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have
a Material Adverse Change; (ii)&nbsp;has not received any U.S Food and Drug Administration (the &ldquo;<B><U>FDA</U></B>&rdquo;) Form&nbsp;483,
notice of adverse finding, warning letter, untitled letter or other written correspondence or notice from the FDA or any other state,
local or foreign governmental or regulatory authority alleging or asserting non-compliance with any Applicable Laws or any licenses, exemptions,
certificates, approvals, clearances, authorizations, permits, registrations and supplements or amendments thereto required by any such
Applicable Laws (&ldquo;<B><U>Authorizations</U></B>&rdquo;), except for such non- compliance as would not, individually or in the aggregate,
have a Material Adverse Change; (iii)&nbsp;possesses all material Authorizations and such Authorizations are valid and in full force and
effect and is not in violation of any term of any such Authorizations, except for such violations as would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Change; (iv)&nbsp;has not received written notice of any claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing,
enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority alleging
that any product operation or activity is in violation of any Applicable Laws or Authorizations nor, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge,
is any such claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action threatened, except such
as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Change; (v)&nbsp;has not received written notice that any court
or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority has taken, is taking or intends to take action to materially limit, suspend, materially
modify or revoke any Authorizations nor, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, is any such limitation, suspension, modification or revocation
threatened, except such as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Change; (vi)&nbsp;has filed, obtained,
maintained or submitted all material reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or
amendments as required by any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and that all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records,
claims, submissions and supplements or amendments were complete and accurate on the date filed in all material respects (or were corrected
or supplemented by a subsequent submission); (vii)&nbsp;is not a party to any corporate integrity agreements, monitoring agreements, consent
decrees, settlement orders, or similar agreements with or imposed by any governmental or regulatory authority; and (viii)&nbsp;since November&nbsp;25,
2020, have not, either voluntarily or involuntarily, initiated, conducted or issued or caused to be initiated, conducted or issued, any
recall, market withdrawal or replacement, safety alert, &ldquo;dear doctor&rdquo; letter or other notice or action relating to the alleged
lack of safety or efficacy of any product or any alleged product defect or violation and, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, no third party
has initiated, conducted or intends to initiate any such notice or action, except such as would not, individually or in the aggregate,
have a Material Adverse Change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ll)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Clinical
Trials</U>. The studies, tests and preclinical and clinical trials conducted by the Company that are described in the Registration Statement
and the Prospectus and, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, those studies, tests and preclinical and clinical trials conducted on behalf
of the Company, were and, if still pending, are being conducted in all material respects in accordance with all Applicable Laws and Authorizations;
the descriptions of the results of such studies, tests and trials contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are accurate
and complete and fairly present the data derived from such studies, tests and trials in all material respects; the Company is not aware
of any studies, tests or trials, the results of which the Company believes are materially inconsistent with the study, test or trial results
described or referred to in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus when viewed in the context in which such results are described
and the clinical state of development; and the Company has not received any written notices or written correspondence from the FDA or
any other federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authority requiring the termination, suspension or material modification
of any studies, tests or preclinical or clinical trials conducted by or on behalf of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(mm)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Exclusion, Suspension or Debarment</U>. None of the Company or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its officers, directors or managing
employees (as defined in 42 U.S.C. &sect; 1320a-5(b)) is or has been, during the past three (3)&nbsp;years, excluded, suspended or debarred
from participation in any state or federal health care program, or made subject to any pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened
or contemplated action which could reasonably be expected to result in such exclusion, suspension or debarment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(nn)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Third
Party Rights</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or otherwise as part of the ordinary course of
the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has granted rights to develop, manufacture,
produce, assemble, distribute, license, market or sell its products to any other person and is not bound by any agreement that materially
affects the exclusive right of the Company or such subsidiary to develop, manufacture, produce, assemble, distribute, license, market
or sell its products.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(oo)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Listing</U>.
The Company is subject to and in compliance in all material respects with the reporting requirements of Section&nbsp;13 or Section&nbsp;15(d)&nbsp;of
the Exchange Act. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section&nbsp;12(b)&nbsp;or Section&nbsp;12(g)&nbsp;of the Exchange Act and
is listed on the Nasdaq, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or reasonably likely to have the effect of, terminating the
registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting the Common Stock from Nasdaq, nor has the Company received any written
notification that the Commission or Nasdaq is contemplating terminating such registration or listing. All of the Placement Shares that
have been or may be sold under this Agreement have been approved for listing on the Nasdaq, subject to official notice of issuance; the
Company has taken all necessary actions to ensure that, upon and at all times after the Nasdaq shall have approved the Placement Shares
for listing, it will be in compliance with all applicable corporate governance requirements set forth in the Nasdaq&rsquo;s listing rules&nbsp;that
are then in effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(pp)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Brokers</U>.
Except for TD Cowen, there is no broker, finder or other party that is entitled to receive from the Company any brokerage or finder&rsquo;s
fee or other fee or commission as a result of any transactions contemplated by this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(qq)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Outstanding Loans or Other Indebtedness</U>. Except as described in the Prospectus, there are no outstanding loans, advances (except normal
advances for business expenses in the ordinary course of business) or guarantees or indebtedness by the Company to or for the benefit
of any of the officers or directors of the Company or any of the members of any of them.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(rr)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Reliance</U>. The Company has not relied upon TD Cowen or legal counsel for TD Cowen for any legal, tax or accounting advice in connection
with the offering and sale of the Placement Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ss)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Registration
Rights</U>. Other than as set forth in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, no holders of securities of the Company have rights
to the registration of such securities under the Registration Statement, except such rights which have been duly waived in accordance
with their terms and with the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(tt)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Compliance
with Laws</U>. The Company has not been advised, and has no reason to believe, that it and each of its subsidiaries are not conducting
business in compliance with all applicable laws, rules&nbsp;and regulations of the jurisdictions in which it is conducting business, except
where failure to be so in compliance would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(uu)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Outbound
Investment Security Program</U>. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a &ldquo;covered foreign person&rdquo;, as that term
is defined in 31 C.F.R. &sect; 850.209. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries currently engages, or has plans to engage, directly
or indirectly, in a &ldquo;covered activity&rdquo;, as that term is defined in in 31 C.F.R. &sect; 850.208 (&ldquo;<B><U>Covered Activity</U></B>&rdquo;).
The Company does not have any joint ventures that engages in or plans to engage in any Covered Activity. The Company also does not, directly
or indirectly, hold a board seat on, have a voting or equity interest in, or have any contractual power to&nbsp; direct or cause the direction
of the management or policies of any person or persons that engages or plans to engage in any Covered Activity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Any certificate signed by an officer of the Company
and delivered to TD Cowen or to counsel for TD Cowen pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement shall be deemed to be a representation
and warranty by the Company to TD Cowen as to the matters set forth therein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company acknowledges that TD Cowen and, for
purposes of the opinions to be delivered pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7</U> hereof, counsel to the Company and counsel to TD Cowen, will
rely upon the accuracy and truthfulness of the foregoing representations and hereby consents to such reliance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">7.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Covenants
of the Company</U>. The Company covenants and agrees with TD Cowen that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Registration
Statement Amendments</U>. After the date of this Agreement and during any period in which a Prospectus relating to any Placement Shares
is required to be delivered by TD Cowen under the Securities Act (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant
to Rule&nbsp;172 under the Securities Act), (i)&nbsp;the Company will notify TD Cowen promptly of the time when any subsequent amendment
to the Registration Statement, other than documents incorporated by reference or amendments not related to the Placement Shares, has been
filed with the Commission and/or has become effective or any subsequent supplement to the Prospectus related to the Placement Shares has
been filed and of any request by the Commission for any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus related to
the Placement Shares or for additional information related to the Placement Shares, (ii)&nbsp;the Company will prepare and file with the
Commission, promptly upon TD Cowen&rsquo;s reasonable request, any amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or Prospectus
that, in TD Cowen&rsquo;s reasonable opinion, may be necessary or advisable in connection with the distribution of the Placement Shares
by TD Cowen (provided, however, that (A)&nbsp;the failure of TD Cowen to make such request shall not relieve the Company of any obligation
or liability hereunder, or affect TD Cowen&rsquo;s right to rely on the representations and warranties made by the Company in this Agreement,
and (B)&nbsp;the only remedy TD Cowen shall have with respect to the failure to make such filing (other than TD Cowen&rsquo;s right under
Section&nbsp;9 hereof) will be to cease making sales under this Agreement until such amendment or supplement is filed); (iii)&nbsp;the
Company will not file any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus, other than documents incorporated by reference,
relating to the Placement Shares or a security convertible into the Placement Shares unless a copy thereof has been submitted to TD Cowen
within a reasonable period of time before the filing and TD Cowen has not reasonably objected thereto (provided, however, that (A)&nbsp;the
failure of TD Cowen to make such objection shall not relieve the Company of any obligation or liability hereunder, or affect TD Cowen&rsquo;s
right to rely on the representations and warranties made by the Company in this Agreement and (B)&nbsp;the only remedy TD Cowen shall
have with respect to the failure to provide TD Cowen with such copy or the filing of such amendment or supplement despite TD Cowen&rsquo;s
objection (other than TD Cowen&rsquo;s rights under Section&nbsp;9 hereof) will be to cease making sales under this Agreement) and the
Company will furnish to TD Cowen at the time of filing thereof a copy of any document that upon filing is deemed to be incorporated by
reference into the Registration Statement or Prospectus, except for those documents available via EDGAR; (iv)&nbsp;the Company will cause
each amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, other than documents incorporated by reference, to be filed with the Commission as required
pursuant to the applicable paragraph of Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;of the Securities Act, and (v)&nbsp;prior to the termination of this Agreement,
the Company will notify TD Cowen if at any time the Registration Statement shall no longer be effective as a result of the passage of
time pursuant to Rule&nbsp;415 under the Securities Act or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Notice
of Commission Stop Orders</U>. The Company will advise TD Cowen, promptly after it receives notice or obtains knowledge thereof, of the
issuance or threatened issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, of the
suspension of the qualification of the Placement Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening
of any proceeding for any such purpose; and it will promptly use its commercially reasonable efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop
order or to obtain its withdrawal if such a stop order should be issued.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Delivery
of Prospectus; Subsequent Changes</U>. During any period in which a Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares is required to be delivered
by TD Cowen under the Securities Act with respect to a pending sale of the Placement Shares, (including in circumstances where such requirement
may be satisfied pursuant to Rule&nbsp;172 under the Securities Act), the Company will comply with all requirements imposed upon it by
the Securities Act, as from time to time in force, and to file on or before their respective due dates all reports and any definitive
proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, 15(d)&nbsp;or
any other provision of or under the Exchange Act. If during such period any event occurs as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended
or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances then existing, not misleading, or if during such period it is necessary to amend or supplement
the Registration Statement or Prospectus to comply with the Securities Act, the Company will promptly notify TD Cowen to suspend the offering
of Placement Shares during such period and the Company will promptly amend or supplement the Registration Statement or Prospectus (at
the expense of the Company) so as to correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance; provided, however, that the Company
may delay the filing of any amendment or supplement if, in the judgment of the Company, it is in the best interest of the Company to do
so, provided, further, that no Placement Notice is in effect during such time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Listing
of Placement Shares</U>. During any period in which the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares is required to be delivered by TD
Cowen under the Securities Act with respect to a pending sale of the Placement Shares (including in circumstances where such requirement
may be satisfied pursuant to Rule&nbsp;172 under the Securities Act), the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause
the Placement Shares to be listed on Nasdaq and to qualify the Placement Shares for sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions
as TD Cowen reasonably designates and to continue such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Placement
Shares; <I>provided, however,</I> that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith to qualify as a foreign corporation or
dealer in securities or file a general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Delivery
of Registration Statement and Prospectus</U>. The Company will furnish to TD Cowen and its counsel (at the expense of the Company) copies
of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus (including all documents incorporated by reference therein) and all amendments and supplements
to the Registration Statement or Prospectus that are filed with the Commission during any period in which a Prospectus relating to the
Placement Shares is required to be delivered under the Securities Act (including all documents filed with the Commission during such period
that are deemed to be incorporated by reference therein), in each case as soon as reasonably practicable and in such quantities as TD
Cowen may from time to time reasonably request and, at TD Cowen&rsquo;s request, will also furnish copies of the Prospectus to each exchange
or market on which sales of the Placement Shares may be made; <I>provided, however,</I> that the Company shall not be required to furnish
any document (other than the Prospectus) to TD Cowen to the extent such document is available on EDGAR.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Earnings
Statement</U>. The Company will make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable, but in any event not later than
15 months after the end of the Company&rsquo;s current fiscal quarter, an earnings statement covering a 12-month period that satisfies
the provisions of Section&nbsp;11(a)&nbsp;and Rule&nbsp;158 of the Securities Act. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company&rsquo;s timely
compliance with the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act shall be deemed to satisfy this Section&nbsp;7(f).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(g)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Expenses</U>.
The Company, whether or not the transactions contemplated hereunder are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, in accordance with
the provisions of Section&nbsp;11 hereunder, will pay the following expenses all incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder,
including, but not limited to, expenses relating to (i)&nbsp;the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement and each
amendment and supplement thereto, of each Prospectus and of each amendment and supplement thereto, (ii)&nbsp;the preparation, issuance
and delivery of the Placement Shares, (iii)&nbsp;the qualification of the Placement Shares under securities laws in accordance with the
provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;7(d)</U>&nbsp;of this Agreement, including filing fees (provided, however, that any fees or disbursements
of counsel for TD Cowen in connection therewith shall be paid by TD Cowen except as set forth in (vii)&nbsp;below), (iv)&nbsp;the printing
and delivery to TD Cowen of copies of the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, and of this Agreement, (v)&nbsp;the fees
and expenses incurred in connection with the listing or qualification of the Placement Shares for trading on Nasdaq, (vi)&nbsp;the filing
fees and expenses, if any, of the Commission, (vii)&nbsp;the filing fees and associated legal expenses of TD Cowen&rsquo;s outside counsel
for any blue sky memorandum and filings with the FINRA Corporate Financing Department, such legal expense reimbursement not to exceed
$10,000, and (viii)&nbsp;the reasonable fees and disbursements of TD Cowen&rsquo;s counsel in amounts not to exceed (A)&nbsp;$75,000 in
connection with execution of this Agreement and (B)&nbsp;$25,000 in connection with each Bring-Down Date with respect to which the Company
is obligated to deliver a certificate pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(m)</U>, for which no waiver is applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(h)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Use
of Proceeds</U>. The Company will use the Net Proceeds as described in the Prospectus in the section entitled &ldquo;Use of Proceeds.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Notice
of Other Sales</U>. During the pendency of any Placement Notice given hereunder, and for five (5)&nbsp;trading days following the termination
of any Placement Notice given hereunder, the Company shall provide TD Cowen notice as promptly as reasonably possible before it offers
to sell, contracts to sell, sells, grants any option to sell or otherwise disposes of any shares of Common Stock (other than Placement
Shares offered pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement) or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, warrants
or any rights to purchase or acquire Common Stock; provided, that such notice shall not be required in connection with (i)&nbsp;the issuance,
grant or sale of Common Stock, options to purchase shares of Common Stock or Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of options or other
equity awards pursuant to the any equity incentive plan, stock option, stock bonus, employee stock purchase, or other stock plan or arrangement
described in the Prospectus, (ii)&nbsp;the issuance of securities in connection with an acquisition, merger or sale or purchase of assets,
(iii)&nbsp;the issuance or sale of Common Stock pursuant to any dividend reinvestment plan that the Company may adopt from time to time
provided the implementation of such is disclosed to TD Cowen in advance, (iv)&nbsp;the issuance of any shares of Common Stock issuable
upon the exchange, conversion or redemption of securities or the exercise of warrants, options or other rights in effect or outstanding,
or (v)&nbsp;the issuance of any shares of Common Stock, or securities convertible into or exercisable for Common Stock, offered and sold
in a privately negotiated transaction to vendors, customers, investors, strategic partners or potential strategic partners, licensors,
and otherwise conducted in a manner so as not to be integrated with the offering of the Placement Shares contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding
the foregoing provisions, nothing herein shall be construed to restrict the Company&rsquo;s ability to file, or require the Company to
provide notice TD Cowen of the filing of, a registration statement under the Securities Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(j)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Change
of Circumstances</U>. The Company will, at any time during a fiscal quarter in which the Company intends to tender a Placement Notice
or sell Placement Shares, advise TD Cowen promptly after it shall have received notice or obtained knowledge thereof, of any information
or fact that would alter or affect in any material respect any opinion, certificate, letter or other document provided to TD Cowen pursuant
to this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(k)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Due
Diligence Cooperation</U>. The Company will cooperate with any reasonable due diligence review conducted by TD Cowen or its agents in
connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, providing information and making available documents
and senior corporate officers, during regular business hours and at the Company&rsquo;s principal offices, as TD Cowen may reasonably
request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(l)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Required
Filings Relating to Placement of Placement Shares</U>. The Company agrees that on such dates as the Securities Act shall require, the
Company will (i)&nbsp;file a prospectus supplement with the Commission under the applicable paragraph of Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;under the
Securities Act and (ii)&nbsp;deliver such number of copies of each such prospectus supplement to each exchange or market on which such
sales were effected as may be required by the rules&nbsp;or regulations of such exchange or market. The Company shall disclose in its
quarterly reports on Form&nbsp;10-Q and in its annual report on Form&nbsp;10-K, the number of the Placement Shares sold through TD Cowen
under this Agreement and the Net Proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement during the relevant
quarter or, in the case of an Annual Report on Form&nbsp;10-K, during the fiscal year covered by such Annual Report and the fourth quarter
of such fiscal year.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(m)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Bring-Down
Dates; Certificate</U>. On or prior to the First Delivery Date, and each time thereafter during the term of this Agreement, the Company
(i)&nbsp;files the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares or amends or supplements the Registration Statement or the Prospectus relating
to the Placement Shares (other than a prospectus supplement filed in accordance with Section&nbsp;7(l)&nbsp;of this Agreement) by means
of a post-effective amendment, sticker, or supplement but not by means of incorporation of document(s)&nbsp;by reference to the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares; (ii)&nbsp;files an annual report on Form&nbsp;10-K under the Exchange Act;
(iii)&nbsp;files its quarterly reports on Form&nbsp;10-Q under the Exchange Act; or (iv)&nbsp;files a report on Form&nbsp;8-K containing
amended financial information (other than an earnings release or other information &ldquo;furnished&rdquo; under Items 2.02, 7.01. or
9.01 of Form&nbsp;8-K) under the Exchange Act (each date of filing of one or more of the documents referred to in clauses (i)&nbsp;through
(iv)&nbsp;shall be a &ldquo;<B><U>Bring-Down Date</U></B>&rdquo;); the Company shall furnish TD Cowen with a certificate, in the form
attached hereto as Exhibit&nbsp;7(m)&nbsp;within three (3)&nbsp;Trading Days of any Bring-Down Date, if requested by TD Cowen. The requirement
to provide a certificate under this Section&nbsp;7(m)&nbsp;shall be automatically waived for any Bring-Down Date occurring at a time at
which no Placement Notice is pending, which waiver shall continue until the earlier to occur of the date the Company delivers a Placement
Notice hereunder (which for such calendar quarter shall be considered a Bring-Down Date) and the next occurring Bring-Down Date; provided,
however, that such waiver shall not apply for any Bring-Down Date on which the Company files its annual report on Form&nbsp;10-K. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, if the Company subsequently decides to sell Placement Shares following a Bring-Down Date when the Company relied on such
waiver and did not provide TD Cowen with a certificate under this Section&nbsp;7(m), then before the Company delivers the Placement Notice
or TD Cowen sells any Placement Shares, the Company shall provide TD Cowen with a certificate, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit&nbsp;7(m),
dated the date of the Placement Notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(n)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Legal
Opinions</U>. On or prior to the First Delivery Date and within three (3)&nbsp;Trading Days of each Bring-Down Date with respect to which
the Company is obligated to deliver a certificate in the form attached hereto as <U>Exhibit&nbsp;7(m)</U>&nbsp;for which no waiver is
applicable, the Company shall cause to be furnished to TD Cowen a written opinion of each of Latham&nbsp;&amp; Watkins LLP (&ldquo;<B><U>Company
Counsel</U></B>&rdquo;), Lando&nbsp;&amp; Anastasi, LLP, special intellectual property counsel for the Company (&ldquo;<B><U>IP Counsel</U></B>&rdquo;),
or, in each case, other counsel satisfactory to TD Cowen, dated the date that the opinion is required to be delivered, in form and substance
reasonably satisfactory to TD Cowen and its counsel, modified, as necessary, to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus
as then amended or supplemented; <I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>, that in lieu of such opinions for subsequent Bring-Down Dates, each
counsel may furnish TD Cowen with a letter (a &ldquo;<B><U>Reliance Letter</U></B>&rdquo;) to the effect that TD Cowen may rely on a prior
opinion delivered under this <U>Section&nbsp;7(n)</U>&nbsp;to the same extent as if it were dated the date of such letter (except that
statements in such prior opinion shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended or supplemented
at such Bring-Down Date).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(o)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Comfort
Letter</U>. On or prior to the First Delivery Date and within three (3)&nbsp;Trading Days of each Bring-Down Date with respect to which
the Company is obligated to deliver a certificate in the form attached hereto as <U>Exhibit&nbsp;7(m)</U>&nbsp;for which no waiver is
applicable, the Company shall cause its independent accountants to furnish TD Cowen letters (the &ldquo;<B><U>Comfort Letters</U></B>&rdquo;),
dated the date the Comfort Letter is delivered, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to TD Cowen, (i)&nbsp;confirming that they
are an independent registered public accounting firm within the meaning of the Securities Act and the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board, (ii)&nbsp;stating, as of such date, the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the financial information and other
matters ordinarily covered by accountants&rsquo; &ldquo;comfort letters&rdquo; to TD Cowen in connection with registered public offerings
(the first such letter, the &ldquo;<B><U>Initial Comfort Letter</U></B>&rdquo;) and (iii)&nbsp;updating the Initial Comfort Letter with
any information that would have been included in the Initial Comfort Letter had it been given on such date and modified as necessary to
relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as amended and supplemented to the date of such letter.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(p)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Market
Activities</U>. The Company will not, directly or indirectly, (i)&nbsp;take any action designed to cause or result in, or that constitutes
or might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate
the sale or resale of the Placement Shares or (ii)&nbsp;sell, bid for, or purchase the Placement Shares to be issued and sold pursuant
to this Agreement in violation of Regulation M, or pay anyone any compensation for soliciting purchases of the Placement Shares other
than TD Cowen; provided, however, that the Company may bid for and purchase shares of its common stock in accordance with Rule&nbsp;10b-18
under the Exchange Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(q)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Insurance</U>.
The Company and its subsidiaries shall maintain, or cause to be maintained, insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as is reasonable
and customary for the business for which it is engaged.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(r)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Compliance
with Laws</U>. The Company and each of its subsidiaries shall use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain, or cause to be maintained,
all applicable material environmental permits, licenses and other authorizations required by applicable federal, state and local law in
order to conduct their businesses as described in the Prospectus, and the Company and each of its subsidiaries shall conduct their businesses,
or cause their businesses to be conducted, in substantial compliance with such permits, licenses and authorizations and with applicable
environmental laws, except where the failure to maintain or be in compliance with such permits, licenses and authorizations would not
reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(s)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Investment
Company Act</U>. The Company will conduct its affairs in such a manner so as to reasonably ensure that neither it nor its subsidiaries
will be or become, at any time prior to the termination of this Agreement, an &ldquo;investment company,&rdquo; as such term is defined
in the Investment Company Act, assuming no change in the Commission&rsquo;s current interpretation as to entities that are not considered
an investment company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(t)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Securities
Act and Exchange Act</U>. The Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to comply with all requirements imposed upon it by
the Securities Act and the Exchange Act as from time to time in force, so far as necessary to permit the continuance of sales of, or dealings
in, the Placement Shares as contemplated by the provisions hereof and the Prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(u)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Offer to Sell</U>. Other than a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, neither TD Cowen nor the Company (including its agents and representatives,
other than TD Cowen in its capacity as such) will make, use, prepare, authorize, approve or refer to any written communication (as defined
in Rule&nbsp;405 under the Securities Act), required to be filed with the Commission, that constitutes an offer to sell or solicitation
of an offer to buy Common Stock hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(v)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Sarbanes-Oxley
Act</U>. The Company and its subsidiaries will use commercially reasonable efforts to comply with all effective applicable provisions
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(w)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Affirmation</U>.
Each Placement Notice delivered by the Company to TD Cowen shall be deemed to be (i)&nbsp;an affirmation that the representations, warranties
and agreements of the Company herein contained and contained in any certificate delivered to TD Cowen pursuant hereto are true and correct
at the time of delivery of such Placement Notice, and (ii)&nbsp;an undertaking that such representations, warranties and agreements will
be true and correct on any applicable Time of Sale and Settlement Date, as though made at and as of each such time (it being understood
that such representations, warranties and agreements shall relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented
to the time of such Placement Notice acceptance).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(x)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Renewal</U>.
If immediately prior to the third anniversary (the &ldquo;<B><U>Renewal Deadline</U></B>&rdquo;) of the initial effective date of the
Registration Statement, the aggregate gross sales price of Placement Shares sold by the Company is less than the Maximum Amount and this
Agreement has not expired or been terminated, the Company will, prior to the Renewal Deadline, file, if it has not already done so and
is eligible to do so, a new shelf registration statement relating to the Placement Shares, in a form satisfactory to TD Cowen, and, if
not automatically effective, will use its best efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective within 60 days after
the Renewal Deadline. The Company will take all other action necessary or appropriate to permit the issuance and sale of the Placement
Shares to continue as contemplated in the expired registration statement relating to the Placement Shares. References herein to the Registration
Statement shall include such new shelf registration statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">8.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Conditions
to TD Cowen&rsquo;s Obligations</U>. The obligations of TD Cowen hereunder with respect to a Placement Notice will be subject to the continuing
accuracy and completeness of the representations and warranties made by the Company herein, to the due performance by the Company of its
obligations hereunder and thereunder, to the completion by TD Cowen of a due diligence review satisfactory to TD Cowen in its reasonable
judgment, and to the continuing satisfaction (or waiver by TD Cowen in its sole discretion) of the following additional conditions:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Registration
Statement Effective</U>. The Registration Statement shall be effective and shall be available for (i)&nbsp;all sales of Placement Shares
issued pursuant to all prior Placement Notices and (ii)&nbsp;the sale of all Placement Shares contemplated to be issued pursuant to any
Placement Notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Material Notices</U>. None of the following events shall have occurred and be continuing: (i)&nbsp;receipt by the Company or any of its
subsidiaries of any request for additional information from the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority during
the period of effectiveness of the Registration Statement, the response to which would require any post-effective amendments or supplements
to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus; (ii)&nbsp;the issuance by the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority
of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose; (iii)&nbsp;receipt
by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any of the Placement
Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose; or (iv)&nbsp;the occurrence of
any event that makes any material statement made in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any material document incorporated
or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference untrue in any material respect or that requires the making of any changes in the Registration
Statement, related Prospectus or such documents so that, in the case of the Registration Statement, it will not contain any materially
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein not misleading and, that in the case of the Prospectus, it will not contain any materially untrue statement of a material fact
or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Misstatement or Material Omission</U>. TD Cowen shall not have advised the Company that the Registration Statement or Prospectus, or any
amendment or supplement thereto, contains an untrue statement of fact that in TD Cowen&rsquo;s reasonable opinion is material, or omits
to state a fact that in TD Cowen&rsquo;s reasonable opinion is material and is required to be stated therein or is necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Material
Changes</U>. Except as contemplated in the Prospectus, or disclosed in the Company&rsquo;s reports filed with the Commission, there shall
not have been any material adverse change, on a consolidated basis, in the authorized capital stock of the Company or any Material Adverse
Change or any development that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Company
Counsel Legal Opinion</U>. TD Cowen shall have received the opinions of Company Counsel required to be delivered pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(n)</U>&nbsp;on
or before the date on which such delivery of such opinion is required pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(n)</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>IP
Counsel Legal Opinion</U>. TD Cowen shall have received the opinions of IP Counsel required to be delivered pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(n)</U>&nbsp;on
or before the date on which such delivery of such opinion is required pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(n)</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(g)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>TD
Cowen Counsel Legal Opinion</U>. TD Cowen shall have received from Ropes&nbsp;&amp; Gray LLP, counsel for TD Cowen, such opinion or opinions,
on or before the date on which the delivery of the Company Counsel legal opinion is required pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(n)</U>, with
respect to such matters as TD Cowen may reasonably require, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as they
request for enabling them to pass upon such matters.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(h)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Comfort
Letter</U>. TD Cowen shall have received the Comfort Letter required to be delivered pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(o)</U>&nbsp;on or before
the date on which such delivery of such Comfort Letter is required pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(o)</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Representation
Certificate</U>. TD Cowen shall have received the certificate required to be delivered pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(m)</U>&nbsp;on or
before the date on which delivery of such certificate is required pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(m)</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(j)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Secretary&rsquo;s
Certificate</U>. On or prior to the First Delivery Date, TD Cowen shall have received a certificate, signed on behalf of the Company by
its corporate Secretary, in form and substance satisfactory to TD Cowen and its counsel.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(k)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Suspension</U>. Trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended on Nasdaq.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(l)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Other
Materials</U>. On each date on which the Company is required to deliver a certificate pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(m)</U>, the Company
shall have furnished to TD Cowen such appropriate further information, certificates and documents as TD Cowen may have reasonably requested.
All such opinions, certificates, letters and other documents shall have been in compliance with the provisions hereof. The Company will
furnish TD Cowen with such conformed copies of such opinions, certificates, letters and other documents as TD Cowen shall have reasonably
requested.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(m)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Securities
Act Filings Made</U>. All filings with the Commission required by Rule&nbsp;424 under the Securities Act to have been filed prior to the
issuance of any Placement Notice hereunder shall have been made within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by Rule&nbsp;424.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(n)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Approval
for Listing</U>. The Placement Shares shall either have been (i)&nbsp;approved for listing on Nasdaq, subject only to notice of issuance,
or (ii)&nbsp;the Company shall have filed an application for listing of the Placement Shares on Nasdaq at, or prior to, the issuance of
any Placement Notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(o)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Termination Event</U>. There shall not have occurred any event that would permit TD Cowen to terminate this Agreement pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;11(a)</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">9.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Indemnification
and Contribution</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Company
Indemnification</U>. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless TD Cowen, the directors, officers, partners, employees and agents
of TD Cowen and each person, if any, who (i)&nbsp;controls TD Cowen within the meaning of Section&nbsp;15 of the Securities Act or Section&nbsp;20
of the Exchange Act, or (ii)&nbsp;is controlled by or is under common control with TD Cowen from and against any and all losses, claims,
liabilities, reasonable and documented expenses and damages (including, but not limited to, any and all reasonable and documented investigative,
legal and other expenses incurred in connection with, and any and all amounts paid in settlement (in accordance with <U>Section&nbsp;9(c)</U>)
of, any action, suit or proceeding between any of the indemnified parties and any indemnifying parties or between any indemnified party
and any third party, or otherwise, or any claim asserted), as and when incurred, to which TD Cowen, or any such person, may become subject
under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or other federal or state statutory law or regulation, at common law or otherwise, insofar
as such losses, claims, liabilities, expenses or damages arise out of or are based, directly or indirectly, on (x)&nbsp;any untrue statement
or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement
to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or in any free writing prospectus or in any application or other document executed by
or on behalf of the Company or based on written information furnished by or on behalf of the Company filed in any jurisdiction in order
to qualify the Placement Shares under the securities laws thereof or filed with the Commission, (y)&nbsp;the omission or alleged omission
to state in any such document a material fact required to be stated in it or necessary to make the statements in it not misleading or
(z)&nbsp;any breach by any of the indemnifying parties of any of their respective representations, warranties and agreements contained
in this Agreement; <I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>, that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to the extent that such loss, claim,
liability, expense or damage arises from the sale of the Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement and is caused directly or indirectly
by an untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with the Agent&rsquo;s Information (as defined below). This
indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability that the Company might otherwise have. For purposes of this Agreement, &ldquo;<I>Agent&rsquo;s
Information</I>&rdquo; shall mean, solely the following information in the Prospectus: the first and third sentences of the eighth paragraph
and the tenth paragraph under the caption &ldquo;Plan of Distribution&rdquo; in the Prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>TD
Cowen Indemnification</U>. TD Cowen agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and its directors and each officer of the Company
that signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who (i)&nbsp;controls the Company within the meaning of Section&nbsp;15
of the Securities Act or Section&nbsp;20 of the Exchange Act or (ii)&nbsp;is controlled by or is under common control with the Company
against any and all loss, liability, claim, reasonable and documented damage and expense described in the indemnity contained in <U>Section&nbsp;9(a)</U>,
as incurred, but only with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the Registration
Statement (or any amendments thereto) or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) in reliance upon and in conformity with
the Agent&rsquo;s Information.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Procedure</U>.
Any party that proposes to assert the right to be indemnified under this <U>Section&nbsp;9 </U>will, promptly after receipt of notice
in writing of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim is to be made against an indemnifying party or
parties under this <U>Section&nbsp;9</U>, notify each such indemnifying party in writing of the commencement of such action, enclosing
a copy of all papers served, but the omission so to notify such indemnifying party will not relieve the indemnifying party from (i)&nbsp;any
liability that it might have to any indemnified party otherwise than under this <U>Section&nbsp;9</U> and (ii)&nbsp;any liability that
it may have to any indemnified party under the foregoing provision of this <U>Section&nbsp;9</U> unless, and only to the extent that,
such omission results in the forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses by the indemnifying party. If any such action is brought against
any indemnified party and it notifies the indemnifying party of its commencement, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate
in and, to the extent that it elects by delivering written notice to the indemnified party promptly after receiving notice of the commencement
of the action from the indemnified party, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense of the action,
with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party, and after notice from the indemnifying party to the indemnified party of
its election to assume the defense, the indemnifying party will not be liable to the indemnified party for any legal or other expenses
except as provided below and except for the reasonable and documented costs of investigation subsequently incurred by the indemnified
party in connection with the defense. The indemnified party will have the right to employ its own counsel in any such action, but the
fees, expenses and other charges of such counsel will be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (1)&nbsp;the employment of counsel
by the indemnified party has been authorized in writing by the indemnifying party, (2)&nbsp;the indemnified party has reasonably concluded
(based on advice of counsel) that there may be legal defenses available to it or other indemnified parties that are different from or
in addition to those available to the indemnifying party, (3)&nbsp;a conflict or potential conflict exists (based on advice of counsel
to the indemnified party) between the indemnified party and the indemnifying party (in which case the indemnifying party will not have
the right to direct the defense of such action on behalf of the indemnified party) or (4)&nbsp;the indemnifying party has not in fact
employed counsel to assume the defense of such action within a reasonable time after receiving notice of the commencement of the action,
in each of which cases the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel will be at the expense of the indemnifying party
or parties. It is understood that the indemnifying party or parties shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings
in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable and documented fees, disbursements and other charges of more than one separate
firm admitted to practice in such jurisdiction at any one time for all such indemnified party or parties. All such fees, disbursements
and other charges will be reimbursed by the indemnifying party promptly after the indemnifying party receives a written invoice relating
to fees, disbursements and other charges in reasonable detail. An indemnifying party will not, in any event, be liable for any settlement
of any action or claim effected without its written consent. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of each indemnified
party, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or threatened claim, action or proceeding relating
to the matters contemplated by this <U>Section&nbsp;9</U> (whether or not any indemnified party is a party thereto), unless such settlement,
compromise or consent includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising or that may arise out of
such claim, action or proceeding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Contribution</U>.
In order to provide for just and equitable contribution in circumstances in which the indemnification provided for in the foregoing paragraphs
of this <U>Section&nbsp;9</U> is applicable in accordance with its terms but for any reason is held to be unavailable from the Company
or TD Cowen, the Company and TD Cowen will contribute to the total losses, claims, liabilities, reasonable and documented expenses and
damages (including any investigative, legal and other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement
of, any action, suit or proceeding or any claim asserted, but after deducting any contribution received by the Company from persons other
than TD Cowen, such as persons who control the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act, officers of the Company who signed the
Registration Statement and directors of the Company, who also may be liable for contribution) to which the Company and TD Cowen may be
subject in such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and TD Cowen
on the other. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and TD Cowen on the other hand shall be deemed to be in the
same proportion as the total Net Proceeds from the sale of the Placement Shares (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear
to the total compensation received by TD Cowen from the sale of Placement Shares on behalf of the Company. If, but only if, the allocation
provided by the foregoing sentence is not permitted by applicable law, the allocation of contribution shall be made in such proportion
as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in the foregoing sentence but also the relative fault of the Company,
on the one hand, and TD Cowen, on the other, with respect to the statements or omission that resulted in such loss, claim, liability,
expense or damage, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations with respect to such offering.
Such relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material
fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or TD Cowen, the intent of
the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The
Company and TD Cowen agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this <U>Section&nbsp;9(d)</U>&nbsp;were
to be determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations
referred to herein. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the loss, claim, liability, expense, or damage,
or action in respect thereof, referred to above in this <U>Section&nbsp;9(d)</U>&nbsp;shall be deemed to include, for the purpose of this
<U>Section&nbsp;9(d)</U>, any documented legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating
or defending any such action or claim to the extent consistent with <U>Section&nbsp;9(c)</U>&nbsp;hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing
provisions of this <U>Section&nbsp;9(d)</U>, TD Cowen shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the commissions received
by it under this Agreement and no person found guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section&nbsp;11(f)&nbsp;of
the Securities Act) will be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes
of this <U>Section&nbsp;9(d)</U>, any person who controls a party to this Agreement within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any
officers, directors, partners, employees or agents of TD Cowen, will have the same rights to contribution as that party, and each officer
and director of the Company who signed the Registration Statement will have the same rights to contribution as the Company, subject in
each case to the provisions hereof. Any party entitled to contribution, promptly after receipt of notice of commencement of any action
against such party in respect of which a claim for contribution may be made under this <U>Section&nbsp;9(d)</U>, will notify any such
party or parties from whom contribution may be sought, but the omission to so notify will not relieve that party or parties from whom
contribution may be sought from any other obligation it or they may have under this <U>Section&nbsp;9(d)</U>&nbsp;except to the extent
that the failure to so notify such other party materially prejudiced the substantive rights or defenses of the party from whom contribution
is sought. Except for a settlement entered into pursuant to the last sentence of <U>Section&nbsp;9(c)</U>&nbsp;hereof, no party will be
liable for contribution with respect to any action or claim settled without its written consent if such consent is required pursuant to
<U>Section&nbsp;9(c)</U>&nbsp;hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">10.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Representations
and Agreements to Survive Delivery</U>. The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in <U>Section&nbsp;9</U> of this Agreement
and all representations and warranties of the Company herein or in certificates delivered pursuant hereto shall survive, as of their respective
dates, regardless of (i)&nbsp;any investigation made by or on behalf of TD Cowen, any controlling persons, or the Company (or any of their
respective officers, directors or controlling persons), (ii)&nbsp;delivery and acceptance of the Placement Shares and payment therefor
or (iii)&nbsp;any termination of this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">11.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Termination.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>TD
Cowen shall have the right by giving written notice as hereinafter specified at any time to terminate this Agreement if (i)&nbsp;any Material
Adverse Change, or any development that would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change has occurred that, in the
reasonable judgment of TD Cowen, would materially impair the ability of TD Cowen to sell the Placement Shares hereunder, (ii)&nbsp;the
Company shall have failed, refused or been unable to perform any agreement on its part to be performed hereunder; <I>provided, however,</I>
in the case of any failure of the Company to deliver (or cause another person to deliver) any certification, opinion, or letter required
under <U>Sections 7(m)</U>, <U>7(n)</U>, or <U>7(o)</U>, TD Cowen&rsquo;s right to terminate shall not arise unless such failure to deliver
(or cause to be delivered) continues for more than thirty (30) days from the date such delivery was required; or (iii)&nbsp;any other
condition of TD Cowen&rsquo;s obligations hereunder is not fulfilled, or (iv), any suspension or limitation of trading in the Placement
Shares or in securities generally on Nasdaq shall have occurred. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other
party except that the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;7(g)</U>&nbsp;(Expenses), <U>Section&nbsp;9</U> (Indemnification and Contribution),
<U>Section&nbsp;10</U> (Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery), <U>Section&nbsp;16</U> (Applicable Law; Consent to Jurisdiction)
and <U>Section&nbsp;17</U> (Waiver of Jury Trial) hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. If TD
Cowen elects to terminate this Agreement as provided in this <U>Section&nbsp;11(a)</U>, TD Cowen shall provide the required notice as
specified in <U>Section&nbsp;12</U> (Notices).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Company shall have the right, by giving ten (10)&nbsp;days&rsquo; notice as hereinafter specified to terminate this Agreement in its sole
discretion <FONT>at any time after the date of this Agreement</FONT>. Any such termination shall be without
liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;7(g)</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;9</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;10</U>,
<U>Section&nbsp;16</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;17</U> hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>TD
Cowen shall have the right, by giving ten (10)&nbsp;days&rsquo; notice as hereinafter specified to terminate this Agreement in its sole
discretion <FONT>at any time after the date of this Agreement</FONT>. Any such termination shall be without
liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;7(g)</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;9</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;10</U>,
<U>Section&nbsp;16</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;17</U> hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>Unless
earlier terminated pursuant to this <U>Section&nbsp;11</U>, this Agreement shall automatically terminate upon the issuance and sale of
all of the Placement Shares through TD Cowen on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein; <I>provided</I> that the provisions
of <U>Section&nbsp;7(g)</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;9</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;10</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;16</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;17</U> hereof shall
remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>This
Agreement shall remain in full force and effect unless terminated pursuant to <U>Sections 11(a)</U>, <U>(b)</U>, <U>(c), or (d)</U>&nbsp;above
or otherwise by mutual agreement of the parties; <I>provided, however, </I>that any such termination by mutual agreement shall in all
cases be deemed to provide that <U>Section&nbsp;7(g)</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;9</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;10</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;16</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;17</U>
shall remain in full force and effect. Upon termination of this Agreement, subject to Section&nbsp;11(f), the Company shall not have any
liability to TD Cowen for any discount, commission or other compensation with respect to any Placement Shares not otherwise sold by TD
Cowen under this Agreement, or otherwise, except with respect to reimbursement of expenses pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(b)</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>Any
termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination; <I>provided, however,</I> that such
termination shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by TD Cowen or the Company, as the
case may be. If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of Placement Shares, such Placement Shares shall
settle in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">12.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Notices</U>.
All notices or other communications required or permitted to be given by any party to any other party pursuant to the terms of this Agreement
shall be in writing, unless otherwise specified in this Agreement, and if sent to TD Cowen, shall be delivered to TD Cowen at TD Securities
(USA) LLC, 1 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017, fax no. 646-562-1130, Attention: Head of Equity Capital Markets, <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">with
copy to Ropes&nbsp;&amp; Gray LLP, Prudential Tower, 800 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02199, fax: (617) 235-0392, Attention:
Thomas Danielski,&nbsp;Esq.</FONT>; or if sent to the Company, shall be delivered to Rhythm Pharmaceuticals,&nbsp;Inc. 222 Berkeley Street,
12<SUP>th</SUP>&nbsp;Floor, Boston, MA 02116, Attention: Legal Department, with a copy to Latham&nbsp;&amp; Watkins LLP, 200 Clarendon
Street, Boston, MA 02116, Attention: Peter Handrinos,&nbsp;Esq.&nbsp;&amp; Wesley Holmes,&nbsp;Esq. Each party to this Agreement may change
such address for notices by sending to the parties to this Agreement written notice of a new address for such purpose. Each such notice
or other communication shall be deemed given (i)&nbsp;when delivered personally or by verifiable facsimile transmission (with an original
to follow) on or before 4:30 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day (as defined below), or, if such day is not a Business Day on
the next succeeding Business Day, (ii)&nbsp;on the next Business Day after timely delivery to a nationally-recognized overnight courier
and (iii)&nbsp;on the Business Day actually received if deposited in the U.S. mail (certified or registered mail, return receipt requested,
postage prepaid). For purposes of this Agreement, &ldquo;<B><U>Business Day</U></B>&rdquo; shall mean any day on which the Nasdaq and
commercial banks in the City of New York are open for business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">13.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Successors
and Assigns</U>. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and TD Cowen and their respective successors
and the affiliates, controlling persons, officers and directors referred to in <U>Section&nbsp;9</U> hereof. References to any of the
parties contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to include the successors and permitted assigns of such party. Nothing in this Agreement,
express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and permitted assigns
any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement.
Neither party may assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other party; <I>provided</I>,
<I>however</I>, that TD Cowen may assign its rights and obligations hereunder to an affiliate of TD Cowen without obtaining the Company&rsquo;s
consent, so long as such affiliate is a registered broker-dealer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">14.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Adjustments
for Share Splits</U>. The parties acknowledge and agree that all share-related numbers contained in this Agreement shall be adjusted to
take into account any share split, share dividend or similar event effected with respect to the Common Stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">15.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Entire
Agreement; Amendment; Severability</U>. This Agreement (including all schedules and exhibits attached hereto and Placement Notices issued
pursuant hereto) constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all other prior and contemporaneous agreements and undertakings, both
written and oral, among the parties hereto with regard to the subject matter hereof, including that certain Sales Agreement by and between
TD Cowen and the Company, dated November&nbsp;2, 2021, as amended on February&nbsp;29, 2024 (the &ldquo;<B><U>Prior Agreement</U></B>&rdquo;),
which, upon the effectiveness of this Agreement, is hereby terminated and cancelled, including any placement notices thereunder. The Company
and TD Cowen hereby waive all notice requirements with respect to termination under the Prior Agreement. Neither this Agreement nor any
term hereof may be amended except pursuant to a written instrument executed by the Company and TD Cowen. In the event that any one or
more of the provisions contained herein, or the application thereof in any circumstance, is held invalid, illegal or unenforceable as
written by a court of competent jurisdiction, then such provision shall be given full force and effect to the fullest possible extent
that it is valid, legal and enforceable, and the remainder of the terms and provisions herein shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal
or unenforceable term or provision was not contained herein, but only to the extent that giving effect to such provision and the remainder
of the terms and provisions hereof shall be in accordance with the intent of the parties as reflected in this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">16.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Applicable
Law; Consent to Jurisdiction</U>. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State
of New York without regard to the principles of conflicts of laws. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction
of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, borough of Manhattan, for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or
in connection with any transaction contemplated hereby, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or
proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is
brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Each party hereby irrevocably waives
personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof (certified
or registered mail, return receipt requested) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees
that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed
to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">17.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Waiver
of Jury Trial</U>. The Company and TD Cowen each hereby irrevocably waives any right it may have to a trial by jury in respect of any
claim based upon or arising out of this Agreement or any transaction contemplated hereby.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">18.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Absence
of Fiduciary Relationship</U><I>. </I>The Company acknowledges and agrees that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>TD
Cowen has been retained solely to act as an arm&rsquo;s length contractual counterparty to the Company in connection with the sale of
the Placement Shares contemplated hereby and that no fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship between the Company and TD Cowen has been
created in respect of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, irrespective of whether TD Cowen has advised or is advising
the Company on other matters;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Company is capable of evaluating and understanding and understands and accepts the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Company has been advised that TD Cowen and its affiliates are engaged in a broad range of transactions which may involve interests that
differ from those of the Company and that TD Cowen has no obligation to disclose such interests and transactions to the Company by virtue
of any fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Company waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims it may have against TD Cowen, for breach of fiduciary duty or alleged
breach of fiduciary duty in connection with this Agreement and agrees that TD Cowen shall have no liability (whether direct or indirect)
to the Company in respect of such a fiduciary claim or to any person asserting a fiduciary duty claim on behalf of or in right of the
Company, including stockholders, partners, employees or creditors of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">19.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Counterparts</U>.
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall
constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed Agreement by one party to the other may be made by facsimile or other
electronic transmission (including pdf or any electronic signature complying with the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, e.g., www.docusign.com
or www.echosign.com) or other transmission method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered
and be valid and effective for all purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">20.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Recognition
of the U.S. Special Resolution Regimes</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>In
the event that TD Cowen is a Covered Entity and becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer from
TD Cowen of this Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or under this Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer
would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by
the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>In
the event that TD Cowen is a Covered Entity and TD Cowen or a BHC Act Affiliate of TD Cowen becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S.
Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under this Agreement that may be exercised against TD Cowen are permitted to be exercised to
no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed
by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>For
purposes of this Section&nbsp;20; (a)&nbsp;&ldquo;<B><U>BHC Act Affiliate</U></B>&rdquo; has the meaning assigned to the term &ldquo;affiliate&rdquo;
in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. &sect; 1841(k), (b)&nbsp;&ldquo;<B><U>Covered Entity</U></B>&rdquo; means any
of the following: (i)&nbsp;a &ldquo;covered entity&rdquo; as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &sect;&nbsp;252.82(b);
(ii)&nbsp;a &ldquo;covered bank&rdquo; as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &sect;&nbsp;47.3(b);
or (iii)&nbsp;a &ldquo;covered FSI&rdquo; as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. &sect;&nbsp;382.2(b),
(c)&nbsp;&ldquo;<B><U>Default Right</U></B>&rdquo; has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with,
12 C.F.R. &sect;&sect; 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable, and (d)&nbsp;&ldquo;<B><U>U.S. Special Resolution Regime</U></B>&rdquo; means
each of (i)&nbsp;the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii)&nbsp;Title II of the Dodd-Frank
Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>[Remainder of Page&nbsp;Intentionally Blank]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If the foregoing correctly
sets forth the understanding between the Company and TD Cowen, please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon
this letter shall constitute a binding agreement between the Company and TD Cowen.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Very truly yours,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>TD SECURITIES (USA) LLC</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">/s/ Michael Murphy&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:  Michael Murphy</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title: Managing Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>ACCEPTED as of the date</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>first-above written:</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>RHYTHM PHARMACEUTICALS,&nbsp;INC.</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/ Hunter Smith</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name: Hunter Smith</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title: Chief Financial Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 33 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B><U>SCHEDULE 1</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>form</U></B></FONT><B><U>
<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">of PLACEMENT NOTICE</FONT></U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 8%">From:</TD><TD STYLE="width: 92%">[&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;]</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>Cc:</TD><TD>[&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;]</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left">To:</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">[&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;]</TD>
</TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Subject:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">TD Cowen At the Market Offering&mdash;Placement Notice</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Gentlemen:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Pursuant to the
terms and subject to the conditions contained in the </FONT>Sales Agreement between Rhythm Pharmaceuticals,&nbsp;Inc. (the &ldquo;<U>Company</U>&rdquo;),
and TD Securities (USA) LLC (&ldquo;<U>TD Cowen</U>&rdquo;) dated February&nbsp;26, 2026 (the &ldquo;<U>Agreement</U>&rdquo;),&nbsp;I
hereby request on behalf of the Company that TD Cowen sell up to [ ] shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock, par value $0.001 per
share, at a minimum market price of $_______ per share. Sales should begin on the date of this Notice and shall continue until [DATE]
[all shares are sold].</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 34 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B><U>SCHEDULE 2</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Notice Parties</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><U>Company</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">David P. Meeker, M.D.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Hunter Smith</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><U>TD Cowen</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" BORDER="0" STYLE="width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 14%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Michael J. Murphy</FONT></TD>
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 86%">Managing Director</TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">William Follis</FONT></TD>
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Managing Director</TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Adriano Pierroz</FONT></TD>
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Director</TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Megan Sanford</FONT></TD>
  <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Associate</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B><U>SCHEDULE 3</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Compensation</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">TD Cowen shall be paid compensation of up to 3.0% of the gross proceeds
from the sales of Common Stock pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B><U>Exhibit&nbsp;7(m)</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>OFFICER CERTIFICATE</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The undersigned,
the duly qualified and elected _______________________, of </FONT>Rhythm Pharmaceuticals,&nbsp;Inc. (&ldquo;<B><U>Company</U></B>&rdquo;),
a Delaware corporation, does hereby certify in such capacity and on behalf of the Company, pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;7(m)</U>&nbsp;of
the Sales Agreement dated February&nbsp;26, 2026 (the &ldquo;<B><U>Sales Agreement</U></B>&rdquo;) between the Company and TD Securities
(USA) LLC, that to the best of the knowledge of the undersigned. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings
ascribed to them in the Sales Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
representations and warranties of the Company in <U>Section&nbsp;6</U> of the Sales Agreement (A)&nbsp;to the extent such representations
and warranties are subject to qualifications and exceptions contained therein relating to materiality or Material Adverse Change, are
true and correct on and as of the date hereof with the same force and effect as if expressly made on and as of the date hereof, except
for those representations and warranties that speak solely as of a specific date and which were true and correct as of such date, and
(B)&nbsp;to the extent such representations and warranties are not subject to any qualifications or exceptions, are true and correct in
all material respects as of the date hereof as if made on and as of the date hereof with the same force and effect as if expressly made
on and as of the date hereof except for those representations and warranties that speak solely as of a specific date and which were true
and correct as of such date; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ii)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied pursuant to the Sales Agreement
at or prior to the date hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 44%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 46%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-4.3
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>tm267280d2_ex4-3.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 4.3
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><B>Exhibit 4.3</B></P>

<P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>RHYTHM PHARMACEUTICALS,&#8239;INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin: 3pt auto; width: 25%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid">&#8239;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>INDENTURE</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Dated as of ___________, 20__</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin: 3pt auto; width: 25%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid">&#8239;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>[_________]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Trustee</P>

<P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>&#8239;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B></B></FONT></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&#8239;</P></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&#8239;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>&#8239;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>TABLE
OF CONTENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><U>Page</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE&#8239;I. DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 1.25in; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;1.1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Definitions</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 0.5in; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;1.2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other Definitions</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;1.3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;1.4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rules&#8239;of Construction</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#8239;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE&#8239;II. THE SECURITIES</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Issuable in Series</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Establishment of Terms of Series&#8239;of Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Execution and Authentication</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Registrar, Paying Agent and Notice Agent</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.5.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.6.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Holder Lists</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.7.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Transfer and Exchange</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.8.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.9.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outstanding Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.10.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Treasury Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.11.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Temporary Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.12.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cancellation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.13.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Defaulted Interest</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.14.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Global Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.15.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CUSIP Numbers</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">15</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#8239;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE&#8239;III. REDEMPTION</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">15</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;3.1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notice to Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">15</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;3.2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Selection of Securities to be Redeemed</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;3.3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notice of Redemption</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;3.4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Effect of Notice of Redemption</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;3.5.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deposit of Redemption Price</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;3.6.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Securities Redeemed in Part</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#8239;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE&#8239;IV. COVENANTS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;4.1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Payment of Principal and Interest</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;4.2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SEC Reports</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;4.3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Compliance Certificate</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;4.4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stay, Extension and Usury Laws</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#8239;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE&#8239;V. SUCCESSORS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">19</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;5.1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">When Company May&#8239;Merge, Etc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">19</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;5.2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Successor Corporation Substituted</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">19</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#8239;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE&#8239;VI. DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">19</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Events of Default</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">19</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&#8239;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&#8239;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt; width: 1.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">21</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">21</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee May&#8239;File Proofs of Claim</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">22</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.5.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee May&#8239;Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.6.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Application of Money Collected</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.7.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Limitation on Suits</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.8.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">24</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.9.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restoration of Rights and Remedies</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">24</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.10.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rights and Remedies Cumulative</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">24</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.11.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Delay or Omission Not Waiver</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">25</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.12.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Control by Holders</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">25</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.13.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Waiver of Past Defaults</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">25</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.14.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Undertaking for Costs</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">26</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#8239;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE&#8239;VII. TRUSTEE</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">26</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Duties of Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">26</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rights of Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">27</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Individual Rights of Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">28</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee&rsquo;s Disclaimer</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">29</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.5.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notice of Defaults</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">29</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.6.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reports by Trustee to Holders</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">29</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.7.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Compensation and Indemnity</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">29</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.8.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Replacement of Trustee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">30</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.9.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">31</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.10.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Eligibility; Disqualification</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">31</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.11.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">31</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#8239;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE&#8239;VIII. SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">32</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;8.1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">32</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;8.2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">33</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;8.3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">33</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;8.4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Covenant Defeasance</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">35</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;8.5.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Repayment to Company</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">36</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;8.6.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reinstatement</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">36</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#8239;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE&#8239;IX. AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">36</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Without Consent of Holders</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">36</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">With Consent of Holders</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">37</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Limitations</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">38</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Compliance with Trust Indenture Act</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">38</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.5.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revocation and Effect of Consents</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">38</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.6.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notation on or Exchange of Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">39</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.7.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trustee Protected</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">39</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#8239;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE&#8239;X. MISCELLANEOUS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">39</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trust Indenture Act Controls</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">39</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notices</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">39</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&#8239;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&#8239;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt; width: 1.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Communication by Holders with Other Holders</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.5.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.6.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rules&#8239;by Trustee and Agents</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">42</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.7.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal Holidays</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">42</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.8.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No Recourse Against Others</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">42</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.9.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Counterparts</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">42</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.10.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial; Consent to Jurisdiction</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">43</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.11.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">43</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.12.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Successors</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">43</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.13.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Severability</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">43</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.14.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">43</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.15.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Securities in a Foreign Currency</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">44</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.16.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Judgment Currency</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">44</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.17.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Force Majeure</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">45</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.18.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.A. Patriot Act</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">45</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#8239;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ARTICLE&#8239;XI. SINKING FUNDS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">45</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;11.1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Applicability of Article</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">45</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;11.2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">46</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;11.3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">46</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&#8239;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>RHYTHM
PHARMACEUTICALS,&#8239;INC.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture
Act of 1939 and<BR>
Indenture, dated as of ____________, 20__</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 5%; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&sect; 310(a)(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 40%; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 40%; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 15%; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.10</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.10</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)(4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)(5)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.10</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.10</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&sect; 311(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.11</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.11</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&sect; 312(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.6</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.3</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.3</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&sect; 313(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.6</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.6</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.6</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.6</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.6</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&sect; 314(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.2, 10.5</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.4</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.4</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.5</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&sect; 315(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.1</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.5</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.1</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.1</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.14</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&sect; 316(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.10</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)(1)(A)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.12</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)(1)(B)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.13</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.8</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&sect; 317(a)(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.3</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.4</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.5</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&sect; 318(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.1</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt; width: 25%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid">&#8239;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Note: This reconciliation and tie shall not, for
any purpose, be deemed to be part of the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 5; Value: 1 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&#8239;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Indenture dated as of __________,
20__ between Rhythm Pharmaceuticals,&#8239;Inc., a company incorporated under the laws of the state of Delaware (&ldquo;<I>Company</I>&rdquo;),
and [______] (&ldquo;<I>Trustee</I>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Each party agrees as follows
for the benefit of the other party and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities issued under this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ARTICLE&#8239;I.<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><BR>
DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;1.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Definitions.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Additional Amounts</I>&rdquo;
means any additional amounts which are required hereby or by any Security, under circumstances specified herein or therein, to be paid
by the Company in respect of certain taxes imposed on Holders specified herein or therein and which are owing to such Holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Affiliate</I>&rdquo;
of any specified person means any other person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under common control with such specified
person. For the purposes of this definition, &ldquo;control&rdquo; (including, with correlative meanings, the terms &ldquo;controlled
by&rdquo; and &ldquo;under common control with&rdquo;), as used with respect to any person, shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly,
of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such person, whether through the ownership of voting securities
or by agreement or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Agent</I>&rdquo; means
any Registrar, Paying Agent or Notice Agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Board of Directors</I>&rdquo;
means the board of directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Board Resolution</I>&rdquo;
means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been adopted by the Board of
Directors or pursuant to authorization by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of the certificate and
delivered to the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Business Day</I>&rdquo;
means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in the City of New York, New York (or in connection with any payment, the place
of payment) on which banking institutions are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Capital Stock</I>&rdquo;
means any and all shares, interests, participations, rights or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Company</I>&rdquo;
means the party named as such above until a successor replaces it and thereafter means the successor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Company Order</I>&rdquo;
means a written order signed in the name of the Company by an Officer and delivered to the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 6 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&#8239;</P></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&#8239;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Corporate Trust Office</I>&rdquo;
means the office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business related to this Indenture shall be principally
administered.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Default</I>&rdquo;
means any event which is, or after notice, passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Depositary</I>&rdquo;
means, with respect to the Securities of any Series&#8239;issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities,
the person designated as Depositary for such Series&#8239;by the Company, which Depositary shall be a clearing agency registered under
the Exchange Act; and if at any time there is more than one such person, &ldquo;Depositary&rdquo; as used with respect to the Securities
of any Series&#8239;shall mean the Depositary with respect to the Securities of such Series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Discount Security</I>&rdquo;
means any Security that provides for an amount less than the stated principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon declaration of
acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section&#8239;6.2.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Dollars</I>&rdquo;
and &ldquo;<I>$</I>&rdquo; means the currency of the United States of America.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Exchange Act</I>&rdquo;
means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Foreign Currency</I>&rdquo;
means any currency or currency unit issued by a government other than the government of the United States of America.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Foreign Government
Obligations</I>&rdquo; means, with respect to Securities of any Series&#8239;that are denominated in a Foreign Currency, direct obligations
of, or obligations guaranteed by, the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency for the payment of which obligations
its full faith and credit is pledged and which are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>&ldquo;GAAP&rdquo;</I></FONT>
means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting
Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting
Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as have been approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession,
which are in effect as of the date of determination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Global Security</I>&rdquo;
or &ldquo;<I>Global Securities</I>&rdquo; means a Security or Securities, as the case may be, in the form established pursuant to Section&#8239;2.2
evidencing all or part of a Series&#8239;of Securities, issued to the Depositary for such Series&#8239;or its nominee, and registered in
the name of such Depositary or nominee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Holder</I>&rdquo;
means a person in whose name a Security is registered on the Registrar&rsquo;s books.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Indenture</I>&rdquo;
means this Indenture as amended or supplemented from time to time and shall include the form and terms of particular Series&#8239;of Securities
established as contemplated hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>interest</I>&rdquo;
with respect to any Discount Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest payable after Maturity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Maturity</I>&rdquo;
when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security becomes due and payable as therein or herein
provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Officer</I>&rdquo;
means the Chief Executive Officer, President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or
any Assistant Secretary and any Vice President of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Officer&rsquo;s Certificate</I>&rdquo;
means a certificate signed by any Officer that meets the requirements of this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Opinion of Counsel</I>&rdquo;
means a written opinion of legal counsel who is acceptable to the Trustee. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company.
The opinion may contain customary limitations, conditions and exceptions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>person</I>&rdquo;
means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, limited liability company, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated
organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>principal</I>&rdquo;
of a Security means the principal of the Security plus, when appropriate, the premium, if any, on, and any Additional Amounts in respect
of, the Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Responsible Officer</I>&rdquo;
means any officer of the Trustee in its Corporate Trust Office having responsibility for administration of this Indenture and also means,
with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of his or
her knowledge of and familiarity with a particular subject.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>SEC</I>&rdquo; means
the Securities and Exchange Commission.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Security</I>&rdquo;
or &ldquo;<I>Securities</I>&rdquo; means the debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company of any Series&#8239;authenticated
and delivered under this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Series</I>&rdquo;
or &ldquo;<I>Series&#8239;of Securities</I>&rdquo; means each series of debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company created
pursuant to Sections 2.1 and 2.2 hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Stated Maturity</I>&rdquo;
when used with respect to any Security, means the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security
or interest is due and payable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Subsidiary</I>&rdquo;
of any specified person means any corporation, association or other business entity of which more than 50% of the total voting power of
shares of Capital Stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers
or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by such person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries
of that person or a combination thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&#8239;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>TIA</I>&rdquo; means
the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S. Code &sect;&sect; 77aaa-77bbbb) as in effect on the date of this Indenture; <U>provided</U>,
<U>however</U>, that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date, &ldquo;TIA&rdquo; means, to the extent required
by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act as so amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Trustee</I>&rdquo;
means the person named as the &ldquo;Trustee&rdquo; in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become
such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter &ldquo;Trustee&rdquo; shall mean or include each person who
is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such person, &ldquo;Trustee&rdquo; as used with respect to the
Securities of any Series&#8239;shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that Series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>U.S. Government Obligations</I>&rdquo;
means securities which are direct obligations of, or guaranteed by, the United States of America for the payment of which its full faith
and credit is pledged and which are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof and shall also include a depositary
receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest
on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depositary receipt, <I>provided</I>
that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such
depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such depositary
receipt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;1.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Other
Definitions</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 90%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>TERM</U></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">DEFINED IN<BR>
 <U>SECTION</U></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>Agent Member</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.14.6</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>Bankruptcy Law</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.1</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>Custodian</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.1</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>Event of Default</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6.1</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>Judgment Currency</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.16</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>mandatory sinking fund payment</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11.1</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>New York Banking Day</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.16</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>Notice Agent</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.4</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>optional sinking fund payment</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11.1</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify; width: 60%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>Paying Agent</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; width: 40%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.4</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>Registrar</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.4</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>Required Currency</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.16</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>Specified Courts</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.10</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<I>successor person</I>&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.1</FONT></TD>
    </TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;1.3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Incorporation
by Reference of Trust Indenture Act</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Whenever this Indenture refers
to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The following TIA terms used
in this Indenture have the following meanings:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&#8239;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Commission</I>&rdquo;
means the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>indenture securities</I>&rdquo;
means the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>indenture security
holder</I>&rdquo; means a Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>indenture to be qualified</I>&rdquo;
means this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>indenture trustee</I>&rdquo;
or &ldquo;<I>institutional trustee</I>&rdquo; means the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify">&ldquo;<I>obligor</I>&rdquo; on the indenture
securities means the Company and any successor obligor upon the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">All other terms used in this
Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule&#8239;under the TIA and not otherwise
defined herein are used herein as so defined.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;1.4.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Rules&#8239;of
Construction</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Unless the context otherwise
requires:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>a
term has the meaning assigned to it;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>an
accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>&ldquo;<I>or</I>&rdquo;
is not exclusive;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>words
in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>provisions
apply to successive events and transactions;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>in
the computation of periods of time from a specified date to a later specified date, the word &ldquo;from&rdquo; means &ldquo;from and
including,&rdquo; and the words &ldquo;to&rdquo; and &ldquo;until&rdquo; each mean &ldquo;to but excluding&rdquo;; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(g)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
phrase &ldquo;in writing&rdquo; as used herein shall be deemed to include PDFs, e-mails and other electronic means of transmission, unless
otherwise indicated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ARTICLE&#8239;II.<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><BR>
THE SECURITIES</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Issuable
in Series</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The aggregate principal amount
of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in one or more Series.
All Securities of a Series&#8239;shall be identical except as may be set forth or determined in the manner provided in a Board Resolution,
a supplemental indenture or an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate detailing the adoption of the terms thereof pursuant to authority granted under
a Board Resolution. In the case of Securities of a Series&#8239;to be issued from time to time, the Board Resolution, Officer&rsquo;s Certificate
or supplemental indenture detailing the adoption of the terms thereof pursuant to authority granted under a Board Resolution may provide
for the method by which specified terms (such as interest rate, maturity date, record date or date from which interest shall accrue) are
to be determined. Securities may differ between Series&#8239;in respect of any matters, provided that all Series&#8239;of Securities shall
be equally and ratably entitled to the benefits of the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Establishment
of Terms of Series&#8239;of Securities</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">At or prior to the issuance
of any Securities within a Series, the following shall be established (as to the Series&#8239;generally, in the case of Subsection 2.2.1
and either as to such Securities within the Series&#8239;or as to the Series&#8239;generally in the case of Subsections 2.2.2 through 2.2.23)
by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth or determined in the manner provided in a Board Resolution, supplemental indenture
hereto or Officer&rsquo;s Certificate:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
title (which shall distinguish the Securities of that particular Series&#8239;from the Securities of any other Series) and ranking (including
the terms of any subordination provisions) of the Series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
price or prices (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount thereof) at which the Securities of the Series&#8239;will be issued;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>any
limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the Series&#8239;which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture
(except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities
of the Series&#8239;pursuant to Section&#8239;2.7, 2.8, 2.11, 3.6 or 9.6);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.4.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the Series&#8239;is payable;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.5.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or, if applicable, the method used to determine such rate or rates (including,
but not limited to, any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the Securities of the Series&#8239;shall
bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which such interest, if any, shall accrue, the date or dates on which such interest, if
any, shall commence and be payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any interest payment date;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.6.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
place or places where the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series&#8239;shall be payable, where the Securities
of such Series&#8239;may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in
respect of the Securities of such Series&#8239;and this Indenture may be delivered, and the method of such payment, if by wire transfer,
mail or other means;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.7.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>if
applicable, the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which the Securities of
the Series&#8239;may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.8.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase the Securities of the Series&#8239;pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions
or at the option of a Holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions
upon which Securities of the Series&#8239;shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.9.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
dates, if any, on which and the price or prices at which the Securities of the Series&#8239;will be repurchased by the Company at the option
of the Holders thereof and other detailed terms and provisions of such repurchase obligations;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.10.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>if
other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which the Securities of the Series&#8239;shall
be issuable;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.11.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
forms of the Securities of the Series&#8239;and whether the Securities will be issuable as Global Securities;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.12.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>if
other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of the Securities of the Series&#8239;that shall be payable
upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section&#8239;6.2;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.13.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
currency of denomination of the Securities of the Series, which may be Dollars or any Foreign Currency, and if such currency of denomination
is a composite currency, the agency or organization, if any, responsible for overseeing such composite currency;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.14.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
designation of the currency, currencies or currency units in which payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities
of the Series&#8239;will be made;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.15.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>if
payments of principal of or interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series&#8239;are to be made in one or more currencies or currency
units other than that or those in which such Securities are denominated, the manner in which the exchange rate with respect to such payments
will be determined;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.16.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
manner in which the amounts of payment of principal of or interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series&#8239;will be determined, if
such amounts may be determined by reference to an index based on a currency or currencies or by reference to a commodity, commodity index,
stock exchange index or financial index;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.17.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
provisions, if any, relating to any security provided for the Securities of the Series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.18.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>any
addition to, deletion of or change in the Events of Default which applies to any Securities of the Series&#8239;and any change in the right
of the Trustee or the requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable pursuant to Section&#8239;6.2;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.19.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>any
addition to, deletion of or change in the covenants applicable to Securities of the Series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.20.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>any
Depositaries, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents or other agents with respect to Securities of such Series&#8239;if
other than those appointed herein;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.21.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
provisions, if any, relating to conversion or exchange of any Securities of such Series, including if applicable, the conversion or exchange
price, the conversion or exchange period, provisions as to whether conversion or exchange will be mandatory, at the option of the Holders
thereof or at the option of the Company, the events requiring an adjustment of the conversion price or exchange price and provisions affecting
conversion or exchange if such Series&#8239;of Securities are redeemed;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.22.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>any
other terms of the Series&#8239;(which may supplement, modify or delete any provision of this Indenture insofar as it applies to such Series),
including any terms that may be required under applicable law or regulations or advisable in connection with the marketing of Securities
of that Series; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.2.23.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>whether
any of the Company&rsquo;s direct or indirect Subsidiaries will guarantee the Securities of that Series, including the terms of subordination,
if any, of such guarantees.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">All Securities of any one Series&#8239;need
not be issued at the same time and may be issued from time to time, consistent with the terms of this Indenture, if so provided by or
pursuant to the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer&rsquo;s Certificate referred to above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Execution
and Authentication</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">An Officer shall sign the Securities
for the Company by manual, facsimile or electronic signature.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If an Officer whose signature
is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall nevertheless be valid.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">A Security shall not be valid
until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee or an authenticating agent. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that
the Security has been authenticated under this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Trustee shall at any time,
and from time to time, authenticate Securities for original issue in the principal amount provided in the Board Resolution, supplemental
indenture hereto or Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, upon receipt by the Trustee of a Company Order. Each Security shall be dated the date
of its authentication.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The aggregate principal amount
of Securities of any Series&#8239;outstanding at any time may not exceed any limit upon the maximum principal amount for such Series&#8239;set
forth in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer&rsquo;s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section&#8239;2.2, except
as provided in Section&#8239;2.8.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Prior to the issuance of Securities
of any Series, the Trustee shall have received and (subject to Section&#8239;7.2) shall be fully protected in relying on: (a)&#8239;the
Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer&rsquo;s Certificate establishing the form of the Securities of that Series&#8239;or
of Securities within that Series&#8239;and the terms of the Securities of that Series&#8239;or of Securities within that Series, (b)&#8239;an
Officer&rsquo;s Certificate complying with Sections 10.4 and 10.5, and (c)&#8239;an Opinion of Counsel complying with Sections 10.4 and
10.5.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Trustee shall have the right
to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities of such Series: (a)&#8239;if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, determines that
such action may not be taken lawfully; or (b)&#8239;if the Trustee in good faith determines that such action may expose the Trustee to
personal liability.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Trustee may appoint an authenticating
agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities. An authenticating agent may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may
do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent
has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company or an Affiliate of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.4.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Registrar,
Paying Agent and Notice Agent</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company shall maintain,
with respect to each Series&#8239;of Securities, at the place or places specified with respect to such Series&#8239;pursuant to Section&#8239;2.2,
an office or agency where Securities of such Series&#8239;may be presented or surrendered for payment (&ldquo;<I>Paying Agent</I>&rdquo;),
where Securities of such Series&#8239;may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange (&ldquo;<I>Registrar</I>&rdquo;) and
where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of such Series&#8239;and this Indenture may be delivered
(&ldquo;<I>Notice Agent</I>&rdquo;). The Registrar shall keep a register with respect to each Series&#8239;of Securities and to their transfer
and exchange. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the name and address, and any change in the name or address,
of each Registrar, Paying Agent or Notice Agent. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required Registrar, Paying
Agent or Notice Agent or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the name and address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices
and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent
to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that any appointment of the Trustee
as the Notice Agent shall exclude the appointment of the Trustee or any office of the Trustee as an agent to receive the service of legal
process on the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company may also from time
to time designate one or more co-registrars, additional paying agents or additional notice agents and may from time to time rescind such
designations; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligations
to maintain a Registrar, Paying Agent and Notice Agent in each place so specified pursuant to Section&#8239;2.2 for Securities of any Series&#8239;for
such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the
name or address of any such co-registrar, additional paying agent or additional notice agent. The term &ldquo;<I>Registrar</I>&rdquo;
includes any co-registrar; the term &ldquo;<I>Paying Agent</I>&rdquo; includes any additional paying agent; and the term &ldquo;<I>Notice
Agent</I>&rdquo; includes any additional notice agent. The Company or any of its Affiliates may serve as Registrar or Paying Agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company hereby appoints
the Trustee the initial Registrar, Paying Agent and Notice Agent for each Series&#8239;unless another Registrar, Paying Agent or Notice
Agent, as the case may be, is appointed prior to the time Securities of that Series&#8239;are first issued. The rights, powers, duties,
obligations and actions of each Agent under this Indenture are several and not joint or joint and several, and the Agents shall only be
obliged to perform those duties expressly set out in this Indenture and shall have no implied duties.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.5.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Paying
Agent to Hold Money in Trust</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company shall require each
Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust, for the benefit of Holders of any Series&#8239;of
Securities or the Trustee, all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on the Series&#8239;of Securities
and will notify the Trustee in writing of any default by the Company in making any such payment. While any such default continues, the
Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay
all money held by it to the Trustee. Upon payment over to the Trustee, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company or a Subsidiary of
the Company) shall have no further liability for the money. If the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company acts as Paying Agent, it shall
segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of Holders of any Series&#8239;of Securities all money held by it as Paying
Agent. Upon any bankruptcy, reorganization or similar proceeding with respect to the Company, the Trustee shall serve as Paying Agent
for the Securities. For the avoidance of doubt, a Paying Agent and the Trustee shall be held harmless and have no liability with respect
to payments or disbursements (including to the Holders) until they have confirmed receipt of funds sufficient to make the relevant payment.
No money held by an Agent needs to be segregated except as is required by law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.6.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Holder
Lists</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If it is serving as Registrar,
the Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses
of Holders of each Series&#8239;of Securities and shall otherwise comply with TIA &sect; 312(a). If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the
Company shall furnish to the Trustee at least ten days before each interest payment date and at such other times as the Trustee may request
in writing a list, in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of Holders of each
Series&#8239;of Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in; background-color: white">Every
Holder, by receiving and holding Securities, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee or any agent
of either of them shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any such information as to the names and addresses of the Holders
in accordance with TIA &sect;&#8239;312, regardless of the source from which such information was derived, and that the Trustee shall not
be held accountable by reason of mailing any material pursuant to a request made under TIA &sect;&#8239;312(b).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.7.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Transfer
and Exchange</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Where Securities of a Series&#8239;are
presented to the Registrar or a co-registrar with a request to register a transfer or to exchange them for an equal principal amount of
Securities of the same Series, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange if its requirements for such transactions
are met. To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar&rsquo;s request.
No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein), but the
Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith
(other than any such transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable upon exchanges pursuant to Sections 2.11, 3.6 or 9.6).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Neither the Company nor the
Registrar shall be required (a)&#8239;to issue, register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any Series&#8239;for the period beginning
at the opening of business 15 days immediately preceding the sending of a notice of redemption of Securities of that Series&#8239;selected
for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day such notice is sent, (b)&#8239;to register the transfer of or exchange Securities
of any Series&#8239;selected, called or being called for redemption as a whole or the portion being redeemed of any such Securities selected,
called or being called for redemption in part or (c)&#8239;to register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any Series&#8239;between
a record date and payment date for such Series&#8239;of Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.8.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Mutilated,
Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If any mutilated Security is
surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security
of the same Series&#8239;and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If there shall be delivered
to the Company and the Trustee (i)&#8239;evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii)&#8239;such
security or indemnity bond as may be required by each of them to hold itself and any of its agents harmless, then, in the absence of notice
to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon receipt
of a Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security,
a new Security of the same Series&#8239;and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">In case any such mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing
a new Security, pay such Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Upon the issuance of any new
Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that
may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Every new Security of any Series&#8239;issued
pursuant to this Section&#8239;in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation
of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled
to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that Series&#8239;duly issued hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The provisions of this Section&#8239;are
exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.9.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Outstanding
Securities</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Securities outstanding at
any time are all the Securities authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation,
those reductions in the interest on a Global Security effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof and those described
in this Section&#8239;as not outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If a Security is replaced pursuant
to Section&#8239;2.8, it ceases to be outstanding until the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held
by a bona fide purchaser.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If the Paying Agent (other than
the Company, a Subsidiary of the Company or an Affiliate of the Company) holds on the Maturity of Securities of a Series&#8239;money sufficient
to pay such Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities of the Series&#8239;cease to be outstanding and
interest on them ceases to accrue.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company may purchase or
otherwise acquire the Securities, whether by open market purchases, negotiated transactions or otherwise. A Security does not cease to
be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate of the Company holds the Security (but see Section&#8239;2.10 below).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">In determining whether the Holders
of the requisite principal amount of outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent
or waiver hereunder, the principal amount of a Discount Security that shall be deemed to be outstanding for such purposes shall be the
amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon a declaration of acceleration
of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section&#8239;6.2.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.10.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Treasury
Securities</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">In determining whether the Holders
of the required principal amount of Securities of a Series&#8239;have concurred in any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent or waiver, Securities of a Series&#8239;owned by the Company or any Affiliate of the Company shall be disregarded, except that
for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent or waiver only Securities of a Series&#8239;that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee knows are so owned shall be so disregarded.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.11.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Temporary
Securities</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Until definitive Securities
are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities upon a Company Order. Temporary
Securities shall be substantially in the form of definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate
for temporary Securities. Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee upon receipt of a Company Order shall
authenticate definitive Securities of the same Series&#8239;and date of maturity in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so exchanged,
temporary securities shall have the same rights under this Indenture as the definitive Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.12.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Cancellation</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company at any time may
deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Securities surrendered
to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment. The Trustee shall cancel all Securities surrendered for transfer, exchange,
payment, replacement or cancellation and shall destroy such canceled Securities (subject to the record retention requirements of the Exchange
Act and the Trustee) and deliver a certificate of such cancellation to the Company upon written request of the Company. The Company may
not issue new Securities to replace Securities that it has paid or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.13.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Defaulted
Interest</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If the Company defaults in a
payment of interest on a Series&#8239;of Securities, it shall pay the defaulted interest, plus, to the extent permitted by law, any interest
payable on the defaulted interest, to the persons who are Holders of the Series&#8239;on a subsequent special record date. The Company
shall fix the record date and payment date. At least ten days before the special record date, the Company shall send to the Trustee and
to each Holder of the Series&#8239;a notice that states the special record date, the payment date and the amount of interest to be paid.
The Company may pay defaulted interest in any other lawful manner.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.14.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Global
Securities</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.14.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Terms
of Securities</U>. A Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate shall establish whether the Securities
of a Series&#8239;shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and the Depositary for such Global Security
or Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.14.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Transfer
and Exchange</U>. Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary contained in Section&#8239;2.7 of the Indenture and in addition thereto,
any Global Security shall be exchangeable pursuant to Section&#8239;2.7 of the Indenture for Securities registered in the names of Holders
other than the Depositary for such Security or its nominee only if (i)&#8239;such Depositary notifies the Company that it is unwilling
or unable to continue as Depositary for such Global Security or if at any time such Depositary ceases to be a clearing agency registered
under the Exchange Act, and, in either case, the Company fails to appoint a successor Depositary registered as a clearing agency under
the Exchange Act within 90 days of such event or (ii)&#8239;the Company executes and delivers to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate
to the effect that such Global Security shall be so exchangeable. Any Global Security that is exchangeable pursuant to the preceding sentence
shall be exchangeable for Securities registered in such names as the Depositary shall direct in writing in an aggregate principal amount
equal to the principal amount of the Global Security with like tenor and terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Except as provided in this Section&#8239;2.14.2,
a Global Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depositary with respect to such Global Security to a nominee of such
Depositary, by a nominee of such Depositary to such Depositary or another nominee of such Depositary or by the Depositary or any such
nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such a successor Depositary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">None of the Trustee or any Agent
shall have any obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this
Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Security (including any transfers between or among
Depositary participants, members or beneficial owners in any Global Security) other than to require delivery of such certificates and
other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms of, this Indenture,
and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">None of the Trustee or any Agent
shall have any responsibility or obligation to any beneficial owner of a Global Security, a member of, or a participant in the Depositary
or other Person with respect to the accuracy of the records of the Depositary or its nominee or of any participant or member thereof,
with respect to any ownership interest in any Security or with respect to the delivery to any participant, member, beneficial owner or
other Person (other than the Depositary) of any notice (including any notice of optional redemption) or the payment of any amount, under
or with respect to such Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.14.3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Legends</U>.
Any Global Security issued hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL
SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF THE
DEPOSITARY. THIS SECURITY IS EXCHANGEABLE FOR SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A PERSON OTHER THAN THE DEPOSITARY OR ITS NOMINEE ONLY
IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE, AND MAY&#8239;NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE
OF THE DEPOSITARY, BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH
NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">In addition, so long as the
Depository Trust Company (&ldquo;DTC&rdquo;) is the Depositary, each Global Security registered in the name of DTC or its nominee shall
bear a legend in substantially the following form:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;UNLESS THIS GLOBAL SECURITY
IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (&ldquo;DTC&rdquo;), TO THE COMPANY
OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY GLOBAL SECURITY ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE&#8239;&amp;
CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE&#8239;&amp; CO. OR TO
SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE
BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE&#8239;&amp; CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.14.4.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Acts
of Holders</U>. The Depositary, as a Holder, may appoint agents and otherwise authorize participants to give or take any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which a Holder is entitled to give or take under the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.14.5.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Payments</U>.
Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Indenture, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section&#8239;2.2, payment of the
principal of and interest, if any, on any Global Security shall be made to the Holder thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.14.6.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Agent
Members</U>. The registered Holder of a Security will be treated as the owner of such Security for all purposes and only registered Holders
shall have rights under this Indenture and the Securities. Members of, or participants in, the Depositary (&ldquo;<I>Agent Members</I>&rdquo;)
and persons who hold beneficial interests in a Global Security through an Agent Member shall have no rights under this Indenture with
respect to any Global Security held on their behalf by the Depositary. The Depositary may be treated by the Company, the Trustee, the
Paying Agent, the Registrar and any agent of the foregoing as the absolute owner of the Global Securities for all purposes whatsoever.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee, the Paying Agent, the Registrar or any agent of
the foregoing from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by the Depositary or impair, as
between the Depositary and its Agent Members, the operation of customary practices of such Depositary governing the exercise of the rights
of a Holder of a beneficial interest in any Global Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;2.15.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>CUSIP
Numbers</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company in issuing the Securities
may use &ldquo;CUSIP&rdquo; numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use &ldquo;CUSIP&rdquo; numbers in notices
of redemption as a convenience to Holders; <U>provided</U> that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness
of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only
on the other elements of identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission
of such numbers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ARTICLE&#8239;III.<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><BR>
REDEMPTION</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;3.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Notice
to Trustee</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company may, with respect
to any Series&#8239;of Securities, reserve the right to redeem and pay the Series&#8239;of Securities or may covenant to redeem and pay
the Series&#8239;of Securities or any part thereof prior to the Stated Maturity thereof at such time and on such terms as provided for
in such Securities. If a Series&#8239;of Securities is redeemable and the Company wants or is obligated to redeem prior to the Stated Maturity
thereof all or part of the Series&#8239;of Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, it shall notify the Trustee in writing
of the redemption date and the principal amount of the Series&#8239;of Securities to be redeemed. The Company shall give the notice at
least 15 days before the redemption date (or such shorter period as may be acceptable to the Trustee).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;3.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Selection
of Securities to be Redeemed</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Unless otherwise indicated for
a particular Series&#8239;by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, if less than all the
Securities of a Series&#8239;are to be redeemed, the Securities of the Series&#8239;to be redeemed will be selected as follows: (a)&#8239;if
the Securities are in the form of Global Securities, in accordance with the procedures of the Depositary, (b)&#8239;if the Securities are
listed on any national securities exchange, in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any,
on which the Securities are listed or (c)&#8239;if not otherwise provided for under clause (a)&#8239;or (b)&#8239;in the manner that the
Trustee deems fair and appropriate, including by lot or other method, unless otherwise required by law or applicable stock exchange requirements,
subject, in the case of Global Securities, to the applicable rules&#8239;and procedures of the Depositary. The Securities to be redeemed
shall be selected from Securities of the Series&#8239;outstanding not previously called for redemption. Portions of the principal of Securities
of the Series&#8239;that have denominations larger than $1,000 may be selected for redemption. Securities of the Series&#8239;and portions
of them it selected for redemption shall be in amounts of $1,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 or, with respect to Securities of any Series&#8239;issuable
in other denominations pursuant to Section&#8239;2.2.10, the minimum principal denomination for each Series&#8239;and the authorized integral
multiples thereof. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securities of a Series&#8239;called for redemption also apply to portions
of Securities of that Series&#8239;called for redemption. Neither the Trustee nor the Paying Agent shall be liable for any selection made
by it in accordance with this paragraph (including the procedures of the Depositary).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;3.3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Notice
of Redemption</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Unless otherwise indicated for
a particular Series&#8239;by Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, at least 15 days but
not more than 60 days before a redemption date, the Company shall send or cause to be sent by first-class mail or electronically, in accordance
with the procedures of the Depositary, a notice of redemption to each Holder whose Securities are to be redeemed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The notice shall identify the
Securities of the Series&#8239;to be redeemed and shall state:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
redemption date;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
redemption price;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
name and address of the Paying Agent;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>if
any Securities are being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount of such Securities to be redeemed and that, after the redemption
date and upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the original
Security shall be issued in the name of the Holder thereof upon cancellation of the original Security;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>that
Securities of the Series&#8239;called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>that
interest on Securities of the Series&#8239;called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date unless the Company defaults
in the deposit of the redemption price;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(g)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
 &ldquo;CUSIP&rdquo; number, if any; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(h)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>any
other information as may be required by the terms of the particular Series&#8239;or the Securities of a Series&#8239;being redeemed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">At the Company&rsquo;s request,
the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the Company&rsquo;s name and at its expense, provided, however, that the Company has
delivered to the Trustee, at least 10 days (unless a shorter time shall be acceptable to the Trustee) prior to the notice date, an Officer&rsquo;s
Certificate requesting that the Trustee give such notice and setting forth the information to be stated in such notice and the form of
such notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;3.4.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Effect
of Notice of Redemption</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Once notice of redemption is
sent as provided in Section&#8239;3.3, Securities of a Series&#8239;called for redemption become due and payable on the redemption date
and at the redemption price. Except as otherwise provided in the supplemental indenture, Board Resolution or Officer&rsquo;s Certificate
for a Series, a notice of redemption may not be conditional. Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities shall be paid at the
redemption price plus accrued interest to the redemption date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;3.5.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Deposit
of Redemption Price</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">On or before 11:00 a.m., New
York City time, on the redemption date, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the redemption price of
and accrued interest, if any, on all Securities to be redeemed on that date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;3.6.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Securities
Redeemed in Part</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Upon surrender of a Security
that is redeemed in part, the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder a new Security of the same Series&#8239;and the same maturity equal
in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ARTICLE&#8239;IV.<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><BR>
COVENANTS</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;4.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Payment
of Principal and Interest</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company covenants and agrees
for the benefit of the Holders of each Series&#8239;of Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of and interest, if
any, on the Securities of that Series&#8239;in accordance with the terms of such Securities and this Indenture. On or before 11:00 a.m.,
New York City time, on the applicable payment date, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the principal
of and interest, if any, on the Securities of each Series&#8239;in accordance with the terms of such Securities and this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;4.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>SEC
Reports</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">To the extent any Securities
of a Series&#8239;are outstanding, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 15 days after it files them with the SEC copies of the
annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may
by rules&#8239;and regulations prescribe) which the Company is required to file with the SEC pursuant to Section&#8239;13 or 15(d)&#8239;of
the Exchange Act. The Company also shall comply with the other provisions of TIA &sect; 314(a). Reports, information and documents filed
with the SEC via the EDGAR system will be deemed to be delivered to the Trustee as of the time of such filing via EDGAR for purposes of
this Section&#8239;4.2.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Delivery of reports, information
and documents to the Trustee under this Section&#8239;4.2 is for informational purposes only and the Trustee&rsquo;s receipt of the foregoing
shall not constitute constructive or actual notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein,
including the Company&rsquo;s compliance with any of the covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively
on Officer&rsquo;s Certificates). All such reports, information or documents referred to in this Section&#8239;4.2 that the Company files
with the SEC via the SEC&rsquo;s EDGAR system shall be deemed to be filed with the Trustee and transmitted to Holders at the time such
reports, information or documents are filed via the EDGAR system (or any successor system).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;4.3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Compliance
Certificate</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">To the extent any Securities
of a Series&#8239;are outstanding, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company,
an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate stating that a review of the activities of the Company and its Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal
year has been made under the supervision of the signing Officer with a view to determining whether the Company has kept, observed, performed
and fulfilled its obligations under this Indenture, and further stating, as to such Officer signing such certificate, that to the best
of his/her knowledge the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in this Indenture and is
not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions hereof (or, if a Default or Event of Default
shall have occurred, describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which the Officer may have knowledge).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;4.4.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Stay,
Extension and Usury Laws</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company covenants (to the
extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, plead or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit
or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants
or the performance of this Indenture or the Securities; and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives
all benefit or advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution
of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has been
enacted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ARTICLE&#8239;V.<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><BR>
SUCCESSORS</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;5.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>When
Company May&#8239;Merge, Etc</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company shall not consolidate
with or merge with or into, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties and assets to, any person (a &ldquo;<I>successor
person</I>&rdquo;) unless:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Company is the surviving entity or the successor person (if other than the Company) is a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity
organized and validly existing under the laws of any U.S. domestic jurisdiction and expressly assumes by supplemental indenture the Company&rsquo;s
obligations on the Securities and under this Indenture; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>immediately
after giving effect to the transaction, no Default or Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company shall deliver to
the Trustee prior to the consummation of the proposed transaction an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate to the foregoing effect and an Opinion
of Counsel stating that the proposed transaction and any supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Notwithstanding the above, any
Subsidiary of the Company may consolidate with, merge into or transfer all or part of its properties to the Company. Neither an Officer&rsquo;s
Certificate nor an Opinion of Counsel shall be required to be delivered in connection therewith.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;5.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Successor
Corporation Substituted</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Upon any consolidation or merger,
or any sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company in accordance with Section&#8239;5.1,
the successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into or with which the Company is merged or to which such sale, lease, conveyance
or other disposition is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this
Indenture with the same effect as if such successor person has been named as the Company herein; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that
the predecessor Company in the case of a sale, conveyance or other disposition (other than a lease) shall be released from all obligations
and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ARTICLE&#8239;VI.<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><BR>
DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Events
of Default</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<I>Event of Default</I>,&rdquo;
wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any Series, means any one of the following events, unless in the establishing Board
Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officer&rsquo;s Certificate it is provided that such Series&#8239;shall not have the benefit of said
Event of Default:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>default
in the payment of any interest on any Security of that Series&#8239;when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for
a period of 30 days (unless the entire amount of such payment is deposited by the Company with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent prior
to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the 30<SUP>th</SUP> day of such period);</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>default
in the payment of principal of any Security of that Series&#8239;at its Maturity;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>default
in the performance or breach of any covenant or warranty of the Company in this Indenture (other than defaults pursuant to paragraph (a)&#8239;or
(b)&#8239;above or pursuant to a covenant or warranty that has been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of a Series&#8239;of
Securities other than that Series), which default continues uncured for a period of 60 days after there has been given, by registered
or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount
of the outstanding Securities of that Series&#8239;a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and
stating that such notice is a &ldquo;Notice of Default&rdquo; hereunder;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>commences
a voluntary case,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ii)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>consents
to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(iii)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>consents
to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(iv)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>makes
a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(v)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>generally
is unable to pay its debts as the same become due;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>a
court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>is
for relief against the Company in an involuntary case,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ii)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>appoints
a Custodian of the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(iii)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>orders
the liquidation of the Company,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">and the order or decree remains unstayed
and in effect for 60 days; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>any
other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that Series, which is specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture
hereto or an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, in accordance with Section&#8239;2.2.18.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The term &ldquo;<I>Bankruptcy
Law</I>&rdquo; means title 11, U.S. Code or any similar Federal or State law for the relief of debtors. The term &ldquo;<I>Custodian</I>&rdquo;
means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company will provide the
Trustee written notice of any Default or Event of Default within 30 days of becoming aware of the occurrence of such Default or Event
of Default, which notice will describe in reasonable detail the status of such Default or Event of Default and what action the Company
is taking or proposes to take in respect thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Acceleration
of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If an Event of Default with
respect to Securities of any Series&#8239;at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing (other than an Event of Default referred to
in Section&#8239;6.1(d)&#8239;or (e)) then in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of that Series&#8239;may declare the principal amount (or, if any Securities of that Series&#8239;are Discount Securities,
such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of such Securities) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any,
on all of the Securities of that Series&#8239;to be due and payable immediately, by a notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee
if given by Holders), and upon any such declaration such principal amount (or specified amount) and accrued and unpaid interest, if any,
shall become immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in Section&#8239;6.1(d)&#8239;or (e)&#8239;shall occur, the principal
amount (or specified amount) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all outstanding Securities shall <I>ipso facto</I> become
and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">At any time after such a declaration
of acceleration with respect to any Series&#8239;has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained
by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article&#8239;provided, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities
of that Series, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if all Events
of Default with respect to Securities of that Series, other than the non-payment of the principal and interest, if any, of Securities
of that Series&#8239;which have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section&#8239;6.13.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">No such rescission shall affect
any subsequent Default or impair any right consequent thereon.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Collection
of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company covenants that if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>default
is made in the payment of any interest on any Security when such interest becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period
of 30 days,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>default
is made in the payment of principal of any Security at the Maturity thereof, or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>default
is made in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, if any, when and as due by the terms of a Security,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>then,</I></FONT>
the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due
and payable on such Securities for principal and interest and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable,
interest on any overdue principal and any overdue interest at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and, in addition
thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the compensation, reasonable
expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If the Company fails to pay
such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a judicial proceeding
for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same against
the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or deemed to be payable in the manner provided by
law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities, wherever situated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If an Event of Default with
respect to any Securities of any Series&#8239;occurs and is continuing, the Trustee, subject to Article&#8239;VII hereof, may in its discretion
proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such Series&#8239;by such appropriate judicial
proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any
covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.4.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Trustee
May&#8239;File Proofs of Claim</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">In case of the pendency of any
receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative
to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the
Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration
or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of overdue principal or
interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other
papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the compensation,
reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding,
and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee,
liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments
to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the
Trustee any amount due it for the compensation, reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel
and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section&#8239;7.7.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Nothing herein contained shall
be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement,
adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect
of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.5.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Trustee
May&#8239;Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">All rights of action and claims
under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or
the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own
name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the compensation, reasonable
expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities
in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.6.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Application
of Money Collected.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Any money or property collected
by the Trustee pursuant to this Article&#8239;shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in
case of the distribution of such money or property on account of principal or interest, upon presentation of the Securities and the notation
thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">First:&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;To
the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section&#8239;7.7; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Second:&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>To
the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of and interest on the Securities in respect of which or for the benefit
of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable
on such Securities for principal and interest, respectively; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Third:&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>To
the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.7.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Limitation
on Suits</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">No Holder of any Security of
any Series&#8239;shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment
of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>such
Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that Series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series&#8239;shall have made written request to
the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>such
Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee indemnity or security satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities
which might be incurred by the Trustee in compliance with such request;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>no
direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority
in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">it being understood, intended and expressly covenanted
by the Holder of every Security with every other Holder and the Trustee that no one or more of such Holders shall have any right in any
manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other
of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under
this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such Holders of the applicable Series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.8.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Unconditional
Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Notwithstanding any other provision
in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal
of and interest, if any, on such Security on the Maturity of such Security, including the Stated Maturity expressed in such Security (or,
in the case of redemption, on the redemption date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall
not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.9.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Restoration
of Rights and Remedies</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If the Trustee or any Holder
has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned
for any reason or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination
in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder
and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.10.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Rights
and Remedies Cumulative</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Except as otherwise provided
with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in Section&#8239;2.8, no right or remedy
herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every
right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder
or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise,
shall not, to the extent permitted by law, prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.11.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Delay
or Omission Not Waiver</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">No delay or omission of the
Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right
or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article&#8239;or
by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or
by the Holders, as the case may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.12.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Control
by Holders</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Holders of a majority in
principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series&#8239;shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting
any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the
Securities of such Series, provided that</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>such
direction shall not be in conflict with any rule&#8239;of law or with this Indenture,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>subject
to the provisions of Section&#8239;7.1, the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee in good
faith shall, by a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, determine that the proceeding so directed would involve the Trustee in personal
liability, and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>prior
to taking any action as directed under this Section&#8239;6.12, the Trustee shall be entitled to indemnity satisfactory to it against the
costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.13.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Waiver
of Past Defaults</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Holders of not less than
a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series&#8239;may on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of
such Series, by written notice to the Trustee and the Company, waive any past Default hereunder with respect to such Series&#8239;and its
consequences, except a Default in the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security of such Series&#8239;(provided, however,
that the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series&#8239;may rescind an acceleration and its
consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from such acceleration). Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease
to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such
waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;6.14.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Undertaking
for Costs</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">All parties to this Indenture
agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion
require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action
taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such
suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys&rsquo; fees, against any party
litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions
of this Section&#8239;shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted
by any Holder or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series,
or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security on or after
the Maturity of such Security, including the Stated Maturity expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption
date).</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ARTICLE&#8239;VII.<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><BR>
TRUSTEE</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Duties
of Trustee</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>If
an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and
use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct
of such person&rsquo;s own affairs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>Except
during the continuance of an Event of Default:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others, and no implied covenants or obligations
will be read into this Indenture against the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ii)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>In
the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the
opinions expressed therein, upon Officer&rsquo;s Certificates or Opinions of Counsel furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements
of this Indenture; <U>however</U>, in the case of any such Officer&rsquo;s Certificates or Opinions of Counsel which by any provisions
hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall examine such Officer&rsquo;s Certificates and Opinions
of Counsel to determine whether or not they conform to the form requirements of this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct,
except that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>This
paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b)&#8239;of this Section.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ii)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee
was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(iii)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it with respect to Securities of any
Series&#8239;in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities
of such Series&#8239;relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising
any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such Series&#8239;in accordance with
Section&#8239;6.12.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>Every
provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraph (a), (b)&#8239;and (c)&#8239;of this Section.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any right or power unless it receives indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs,
expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in performing such duty or exercising such right or power.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company. Money
held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(g)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>No
provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance
of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if adequate indemnity against such risk is not assured to the
Trustee in its satisfaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(h)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Paying Agent, the Notice Agent, the Registrar, any authenticating agent and the Trustee when acting in any other capacity hereunder shall
be entitled to the protections and immunities as are set forth in this Article&#8239;VII.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including its right to be indemnified, are extended to,
and will be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities under this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Rights
of Trustee</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee may rely on and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any document (whether in its original or facsimile
form) believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact
or matter stated in the document.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>Before
the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both. The Trustee
shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officer&rsquo;s Certificate or Opinion
of Counsel.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee may act through agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with due care. No
Depositary shall be deemed an agent of the Trustee, and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any act or omission by any Depositary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights
or powers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee may consult with counsel and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and
protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction
of any of the Holders of Securities unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to it against
the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(g)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument,
opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document,
but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(h)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any Default or Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge
thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a default is received by a Responsible Officer at the Corporate Trust
Office of the Trustee, and such notice references the Securities generally or the Securities of a particular Series&#8239;and this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>In
no event shall the Trustee be liable to any person for special, punitive, indirect, consequential or incidental loss or damage of any
kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(j)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
permissive right of the Trustee to take the actions permitted by this Indenture shall not be construed as an obligation or duty to do
so.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(k)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee will not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the execution of this Indenture or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Individual
Rights of Trustee</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Trustee in its individual
or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or an Affiliate of the Company
with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent may do the same with like rights. The Trustee is also subject to
Sections 7.10 and 7.11.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.4.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Trustee&rsquo;s
Disclaimer</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Trustee makes no representation
as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the Company&rsquo;s use of
the proceeds from the Securities and shall not be responsible for any statement in the Securities other than its certificate of authentication.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.5.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Notice
of Defaults</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">If
a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing with respect to the Securities of any Series&#8239;and if it is known to a Responsible
Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall send to each Holder of the Securities of that Series&#8239;notice of a Default or Event of Default
within 90 days after it occurs or, if later, after a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has knowledge of such Default or Event of Default.
Except in the case of a Default or Event of Default in payment of principal of or interest on any Security of any Series, the Trustee
may withhold the notice if and so long as its corporate trust committee or a committee of its Responsible Officers in good faith determines
that withholding the notice is in the interests of Holders of that Series. </FONT>The Trustee will not be deemed to have notice or be
charged with knowledge of any Default or Event of Default unless written notice thereof has been received by a Responsible Officer, and
such notice references the applicable Series&#8239;of Securities and this Indenture and states on its face that a Default or Event of Default
has occurred.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.6.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Reports
by Trustee to Holders</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Within 60 days after each anniversary
of this Indenture, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Holders, as their names and addresses appear on the register kept by the
Registrar, a brief report dated as of such anniversary date, in accordance with, and to the extent required under, TIA &sect; 313.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">A copy of each report at the
time of its mailing to Holders of any Series&#8239;shall be filed with the SEC and each national securities exchange on which the Securities
of that Series&#8239;are listed. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing when Securities of any Series&#8239;are listed
on any national securities exchange.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.7.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Compensation
and Indemnity</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company shall pay to the
Trustee from time to time compensation for its services as the Company and the Trustee shall from time to time agree upon in writing.
The Trustee&rsquo;s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company shall reimburse
the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by it. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation
and expenses of the Trustee&rsquo;s agents and counsel.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company shall indemnify
each of the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee (including for the cost of defending itself) against any cost, expense or liability, including
taxes (other than taxes based upon, measured by or determined by the income of the Trustee) incurred by it except as set forth in the
next paragraph in the performance of its duties under this Indenture as Trustee or Agent. The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly
of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. Failure by the Trustee to so notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of its obligations
hereunder, unless and to the extent that the Company is materially prejudiced thereby. The Company shall defend the claim and the Trustee
shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have separate counsel, and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such
counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld. This indemnification
shall apply to officers, directors, employees, shareholders and agents of the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company need not reimburse
any expense or indemnify against any loss or liability incurred by the Trustee or by any officer, director, employee, shareholder or agent
of the Trustee through willful misconduct or negligence, as determined by a final decision of a court of competent jurisdiction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">To secure the Company&rsquo;s
payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of any Series&#8239;on all money or property
held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal of and interest on particular Securities of that Series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">When the Trustee incurs expenses
or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section&#8239;6.1(d)&#8239;or (e)&#8239;occurs, the expenses and the compensation
for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The provisions of this Section&#8239;shall
survive the termination of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.8.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Replacement
of Trustee</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">A resignation or removal of
the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee&rsquo;s acceptance of appointment
as provided in this Section.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Trustee may resign with
respect to the Securities of one or more Series&#8239;by so notifying the Company at least 30 days prior to the date of the proposed resignation.
The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series&#8239;may remove the Trustee with respect to that Series&#8239;by
so notifying the Trustee and the Company. The Company may remove the Trustee with respect to Securities of one or more Series&#8239;if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Trustee fails to comply with Section&#8239;7.10;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>a
Custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Trustee becomes incapable of acting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If the Trustee resigns or is
removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee. Within
one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities may
appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If a successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of any one or more Series&#8239;does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is
removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the Securities of the applicable
Series&#8239;may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">A successor Trustee shall deliver
a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company. Immediately after that, the retiring Trustee shall
transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee subject to the lien provided for in Section&#8239;7.7, the resignation
or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the
Trustee with respect to each Series&#8239;of Securities for which it is acting as Trustee under this Indenture. A successor Trustee shall
send a notice of its succession to each Holder of each such Series. Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section&#8239;7.8,
the Company&rsquo;s obligations under Section&#8239;7.7 hereof shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee with respect to expenses
and liabilities incurred by it for actions taken or omitted to be taken in accordance with its rights, powers and duties under this Indenture
prior to such replacement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.9.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Successor
Trustee by Merger, Etc</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Any organization or entity into
which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any organization or entity resulting from any merger,
conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any organization or entity succeeding to all or substantially all
of the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided such organization or entity
shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under Section&#8239;7.10, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on
the part of any of the parties hereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.10.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Eligibility;
Disqualification</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">This Indenture shall always
have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA &sect; 310(a)(1), (2)&#8239;and (5). The Trustee shall always have a combined capital
and surplus of at least $25,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. The Trustee shall comply with
TIA &sect; 310(b).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;7.11.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Preferential
Collection of Claims Against Company</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Trustee is subject to TIA
 &sect; 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA &sect; 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject
to TIA &sect; 311(a)&#8239;to the extent indicated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ARTICLE&#8239;VIII.<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><BR>
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;8.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Satisfaction
and Discharge of Indenture</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">This Indenture shall upon Company
Order be discharged with respect to the Securities of any Series&#8239;and cease to be of further effect as to all Securities of such Series&#8239;(except
as hereinafter provided in this Section&#8239;8.1), and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute instruments acknowledging
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>either</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>all
Securities of such Series&#8239;theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than Securities that have been destroyed, lost or stolen
and that have been replaced or paid) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(ii)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>all
such Securities of such Series&#8239;not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(1)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>have
become due and payable by reason of sending a notice of redemption or otherwise,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(2)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>will
become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(3)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>have
been called for redemption or are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving
of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(4)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>are
deemed paid and discharged pursuant to Section&#8239;8.3, as applicable;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">and the Company, in the case of (1), (2)&#8239;or
(3)&#8239;above, has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust an amount of money or U.S.
Government Obligations, which amount shall be sufficient for the purpose of paying and discharging each installment of principal (including
mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments) of and interest on all the Securities of such Series&#8239;on the dates such installments
of principal or interest are due;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent
provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge contemplated by this Section&#8239;have been complied with.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Notwithstanding the satisfaction
and discharge of this Indenture, (x)&#8239;the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section&#8239;7.7, (y)&#8239;if money shall
have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to clause (a)&#8239;of this Section, the provisions of Sections 2.4, 2.7, 2.8, 8.2 and 8.5,
and (z)&#8239;the rights, powers, trusts and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Company&rsquo;s obligations in connection therewith
shall survive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;8.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Application
of Trust Funds; Indemnification</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>Subject
to the provisions of Section&#8239;8.5, all money and U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited with the
Trustee pursuant to Section&#8239;8.1, 8.3 or 8.4 and all money received by the Trustee in respect of U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign
Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section&#8239;8.1, 8.3 or 8.4, shall be held in trust and applied by it,
in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including
the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the persons entitled thereto, of the principal and interest
for whose payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee or to make mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous
payments as contemplated by Sections 8.1, 8.3 or 8.4.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Company shall pay and shall indemnify the Trustee (which indemnity shall survive termination of this Indenture) against any tax, fee or
other charge imposed on or assessed against U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Sections
8.1, 8.3 or 8.4 or the interest and principal received in respect of such obligations other than any payable by or on behalf of Holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Order any U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government
Obligations or money held by it as provided in Sections 8.3 or 8.4 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent
certified public accountants or investment bank expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are then in excess
of the amount thereof which then would have been required to be deposited for the purpose for which such U.S. Government Obligations or
Foreign Government Obligations or money were deposited or received. This provision shall not authorize the sale by the Trustee of any
U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations held under this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;8.3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Legal
Defeasance of Securities of any Series</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Unless this Section&#8239;8.3
is otherwise specified, pursuant to Section&#8239;2.2, to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, the Company shall be deemed to have
paid and discharged the entire indebtedness on all the outstanding Securities of any Series&#8239;on the 91st day after the date of the
deposit referred to in subparagraph (d)&#8239;hereof, and the provisions of this Indenture, as it relates to such outstanding Securities
of such Series, shall no longer be in effect (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall, upon receipt of a Company Order,
execute instruments acknowledging the same), except as to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
rights of Holders of Securities of such Series&#8239;to receive, from the trust funds described in subparagraph (d)&#8239;hereof, (i)&#8239;payment
of the principal of and each installment of principal of and interest on the outstanding Securities of such Series&#8239;on the Maturity
of such principal or installment of principal or interest and (ii)&#8239;the benefit of any mandatory sinking fund payments applicable
to the Securities of such Series&#8239;on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture
and the Securities of such Series;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
provisions of Sections 2.4, 2.5, 2.7, 2.8, 7.7, 8.2, 8.3, 8.5 and 8.6; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
rights, powers, trusts and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Company&rsquo;s obligations in connection therewith;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">provided that, the following conditions shall
have been satisfied:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Company shall have irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited (except as provided in Section&#8239;8.2(c)) with the Trustee as trust
funds specifically pledged as security for and dedicated solely to the benefit of the Holders of such Securities (i)&#8239;in the case
of Securities of such Series&#8239;denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars and/or U.S. Government Obligations or (ii)&#8239;in the case
of Securities of such Series&#8239;denominated in a Foreign Currency (other than a composite currency), money and/or Foreign Government
Obligations, which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof in accordance with their terms, will provide (and
without reinvestment and assuming no tax liability will be imposed on such Trustee), not later than one day before the due date of any
payment of money, an amount in cash, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants or investment
bank expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge each installment of principal of and
interest, on and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of all the Securities of such Series&#8239;on the dates such installments
of principal or interest and such sinking fund payments are due;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>such
deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument
to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>no
Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such Series&#8239;shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such
deposit or during the period ending on the 91st day after such date;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(g)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that (i)&#8239;the Company
has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling or (ii)&#8239;since the date of execution of this
Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such
Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of the Securities of such Series&#8239;will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal
income tax purposes as a result of such deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount
and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit, defeasance and discharge had not occurred;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(h)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Company with the
intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent provided for relating to the defeasance contemplated by this Section&#8239;have been complied with.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;8.4.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Covenant
Defeasance</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Unless this Section&#8239;8.4
is otherwise specified pursuant to Section&#8239;2.2 to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, the Company may omit to comply with
respect to the Securities of any Series&#8239;with any term, provision or condition set forth under Sections 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 and 5.1 and,
unless otherwise specified therein, any additional covenants specified in a supplemental indenture for such Series&#8239;of Securities
or a Board Resolution or an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section&#8239;2.2 (and the failure to comply with any such
covenants shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default with respect to such Series&#8239;under Section&#8239;6.1) and the occurrence
of any event specified in a supplemental indenture for such Series&#8239;of Securities or a Board Resolution or an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate
delivered pursuant to Section&#8239;2.2 and designated as an Event of Default shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default hereunder,
with respect to the Securities of such Series, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities will
be unaffected thereby; provided that the following conditions shall have been satisfied:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>with
reference to this Section&#8239;8.4, the Company has irrevocably deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited (except as provided in
Section&#8239;8.2(c)) with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments specifically pledged as
security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities (i)&#8239;in the case of Securities of such Series&#8239;denominated
in Dollars, cash in Dollars and/or U.S. Government Obligations or (ii)&#8239;in the case of Securities of such Series&#8239;denominated
in a Foreign Currency (other than a composite currency), money and/or Foreign Government Obligations, which through the payment of interest
and principal in respect thereof in accordance with their terms, will provide (and without reinvestment and assuming no tax liability
will be imposed on such Trustee), not later than one day before the due date of any payment of money, an amount in cash, sufficient, in
the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants or investment bank expressed in a written certification
thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge each installment of principal (including mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous
payments) of and interest on all the Securities of such Series&#8239;on the dates such installments of principal or interest are due;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>such
deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument
to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>no
Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such Series&#8239;shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such
deposit;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>the
Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers&rsquo; Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Holders of
the Securities of such Series&#8239;will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit
and covenant defeasance and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would
have been the case if such deposit and covenant defeasance had not occurred;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate stating the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent
of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>The
Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent herein provided for relating to the covenant defeasance contemplated by this Section&#8239;have been complied with.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;8.5.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Repayment
to Company</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Subject to applicable abandoned
property law, the Trustee and the Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon request any money held by them for the payment of principal
and interest that remains unclaimed for two years. After that, Holders entitled to the money must look to the Company for payment as general
creditors unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another person.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;8.6.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Reinstatement</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If the Trustee or the Paying
Agent is unable to apply any money deposited with respect to Securities of any Series&#8239;in accordance with Section&#8239;8.1 by reason
of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise
prohibiting such application, the obligations of the Company under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such Series&#8239;and
under the Securities of such Series&#8239;shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section&#8239;8.1
until such time as the Trustee or the Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in accordance with Section&#8239;8.1; <U>provided</U>,
<U>however</U>, that if the Company has made any payment of principal of or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any
Securities because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities
to receive such payment from the money or U.S. Government Obligations held by the Trustee or Paying Agent after payment in full to the
Holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ARTICLE&#8239;IX.<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><BR>
AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Without
Consent of Holders</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company and the Trustee
may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series&#8239;without the consent of any Holder:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
comply with Article&#8239;V;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
add guarantees with respect to Securities of any Series&#8239;or secure Securities of any Series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
surrender any of the Company&rsquo;s rights or powers under this Indenture;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
add covenants or events of default for the benefit of the holders of Securities of any Series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(g)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
comply with the applicable procedures of the applicable depositary;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(h)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Holder;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of Securities of any Series&#8239;as permitted by this Indenture;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(j)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more
Series&#8239;and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration
of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(k)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>to
comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>With
Consent of Holders</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Subject to Section&#8239;9.3,
the Company and the Trustee may enter into a supplemental indenture with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in
principal amount of the outstanding Securities of each Series&#8239;affected by such supplemental indenture (including consents obtained
in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of such Series), for the purpose of adding any provisions to or
changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any
manner the rights of the Holders of each such Series. Except as provided in Section&#8239;6.13, and subject to Section&#8239;9.3, the Holders
of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series&#8239;by notice to the Trustee (including consents
obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of such Series) may waive compliance by the Company with
any provision of this Indenture or the Securities with respect to such Series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">It shall not be necessary for
the consent of the Holders of Securities under this Section&#8239;9.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture
or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. After a supplemental indenture or waiver under this
section becomes effective, the Company shall send to the Holders of Securities affected thereby, a notice briefly describing the supplemental
indenture or waiver. Any failure by the Company to send such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect
the validity of any such supplemental indenture or waiver.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Limitations</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Without the consent of each
Holder affected, an amendment or waiver may not:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>reduce
the principal amount of Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>reduce
the rate of or extend the time for payment of interest (including default interest) on any Security;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>reduce
the principal or change the Stated Maturity of any Security or reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for, the payment of any
sinking fund or analogous obligation;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>reduce
the principal amount of Discount Securities payable upon acceleration of the maturity thereof;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>waive
a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of or interest, if any, on any Security (except a rescission of acceleration
of the Securities of any Series&#8239;by the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series&#8239;and
a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>make
the principal of or interest, if any, on any Security payable in any currency other than that stated in the Security;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(g)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>make
any change in Sections 6.8, 6.13 or 9.3 (this sentence); or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(h)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>waive
a redemption payment with respect to any Security, provided that such redemption is made at the Company&rsquo;s option.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.4.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Compliance
with Trust Indenture Act</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Every amendment to this Indenture
or the Securities of one or more Series&#8239;shall be set forth in a supplemental indenture hereto that complies with the TIA as then
in effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.5.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Revocation
and Effect of Consents</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Until an amendment is set forth
in a supplemental indenture or a waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Security is a continuing consent by the Holder
and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder&rsquo;s Security,
even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to
his Security or portion of a Security if the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date of the supplemental indenture or
the date the waiver becomes effective.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Any amendment or waiver once
effective shall bind every Holder of each Series&#8239;affected by such amendment or waiver unless it is of the type described in any of
clauses (a)&#8239;through (h)&#8239;of Section&#8239;9.3. In that case, the amendment or waiver shall bind each Holder of a Security who
has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting
Holder&rsquo;s Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company may, but shall not
be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to give their consent or take any other action
described above or required or permitted to be taken pursuant to this Indenture. If a record date is fixed, then notwithstanding the second
immediately preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those
Persons, shall be entitled to give such consent or to revoke any consent previously given or take any such action, whether or not such
Persons continue to be Holders after such record date. No such consent shall be valid or effective for more than 120 days after such record
date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.6.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Notation
on or Exchange of Securities</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company or the Trustee may,
but shall not be obligated to, place an appropriate notation about an amendment or waiver on any Security of any Series&#8239;thereafter
authenticated. The Company in exchange for Securities of that Series&#8239;may issue and the Trustee shall authenticate upon receipt of
a Company Order in accordance with Section&#8239;2.3 new Securities of that Series&#8239;that reflect the amendment or waiver.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;9.7.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Trustee
Protected</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">In executing, or accepting the
additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article&#8239;or the modifications thereby of the trusts created
by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, upon request, an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate and/or an Opinion of Counsel
complying with Sections 10.4 and 10.5 and (subject to Section&#8239;7.1) shall be fully protected in relying upon such Officer&rsquo;s
Certificate and/or Opinion of Counsel. The Trustee shall sign all supplemental indentures upon delivery of such an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate
or Opinion of Counsel or both, except that the Trustee need not sign any supplemental indenture that adversely affects its rights, duties,
liabilities or immunities under this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ARTICLE&#8239;X.<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><BR>
MISCELLANEOUS</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Trust
Indenture Act Controls</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If any provision of this Indenture
limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision which is required or deemed to be included in this Indenture by the TIA, such required
or deemed provision shall control.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Notices</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Any notice or communication
by the Company or the Trustee to the other, or by a Holder to the Company or the Trustee, is duly given if in writing and delivered in
person or mailed by first-class mail (registered or certified, return receipt requested), email or overnight air courier guaranteeing
next day delivery, to the others&rsquo; address:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">if to the Company:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">Rhythm Pharmaceuticals,&#8239;Inc.&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">222 Berkeley Street&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">12th Floor&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">Boston, MA 02116&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">Attention: President and Chief Executive
Officer&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">Telephone: (857) 264-4280</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">with a copy to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in">Latham&#8239;&amp; Watkins
LLP&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">200 Clarendon Street&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">Boston, MA 02116&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">Attention: Peter N. Handrinos,&#8239;Esq.
and Wesley C. Holmes,&#8239;Esq.&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">Telephone: (617) 948-6060</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">if to the Trustee:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in">[_____]&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in">Attention: [____]&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in">Telephone: [____]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">with a copy to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">[_____]&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">Attention: [____]&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in">Telephone: [____]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company or the Trustee by
notice to the other may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Any notice or communication
to a Holder shall be sent electronically or by first-class mail or overnight air courier to his, her or its address shown on the register
kept by the Registrar, in accordance with the procedures of the Depositary. Failure to send a notice or communication to a Holder of any
Series&#8239;or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders of that or any other Series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If a notice or communication
is sent or published in the manner provided above, within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the Holder receives it.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If the Company sends a notice
or communication to Holders, it shall send a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in; background-color: white">The
Trustee shall not have any duty to confirm that the person sending any notice, instruction or other communication by electronic transmission
(including by e-mail, facsimile transmission, web portal or other electronic methods) is, in fact, a person authorized to do so. Electronic
signatures believed by the Trustee to comply with the ESIGN Act of 2000 or other applicable law (including electronic images of handwritten
signatures and digital signatures provided by DocuSign, Orbit, Adobe Sign or any other digital signature provider acceptable to the Trustee)
shall be deemed original signatures for all purposes. The Company assumes all risks arising out of the use of electronic signatures and
electronic methods to send communications to the Trustee, including without limitation the risk of the Trustee acting on an unauthorized
communication, and the risk of interception or misuse by third parties.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Notwithstanding any other provision
of this Indenture or any Security, where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice of any event (including any notice of redemption)
to a Holder of a Global Security (whether by mail or otherwise), such notice shall be sufficiently given to the Depositary for such Security
(or its designee) pursuant to the customary procedures of such Depositary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Communication
by Holders with Other Holders</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Holders of any Series&#8239;may
communicate pursuant to TIA &sect; 312(b)&#8239;with other Holders of that Series&#8239;or any other Series&#8239;with respect to their rights
under this Indenture or the Securities of that Series&#8239;or all Series. The Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall
have the protection of TIA &sect; 312(c).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.4.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Certificate
and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Upon any request or application
by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>an
Officer&rsquo;s Certificate stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture
relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>an
Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent have been complied with.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.5.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Statements
Required in Certificate or Opinion</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Each certificate or opinion
with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate provided pursuant to
TIA &sect; 314(a)(4)) shall comply with the provisions of TIA &sect; 314(e)&#8239;and shall include:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>a
statement that the person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>a
brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such
certificate or opinion are based;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>a
statement that, in the opinion of such person, such person has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable such person
to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT>a
statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.6.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Rules&#8239;by
Trustee and Agents</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Trustee may make reasonable
rules&#8239;for action by or a meeting of Holders of one or more Series. Any Agent may make reasonable rules&#8239;and set reasonable requirements
for its functions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.7.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Legal
Holidays</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">If a payment date for any payment
made under this Indenture is not a Business Day, payment may be made on the next succeeding Business Day, and no interest shall accrue
for the intervening period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.8.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Recourse Against Others</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">A director, officer, employee
or stockholder (past or present), as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities
or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Holder by accepting
a Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.9.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Counterparts</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">This Indenture may be executed
in any number of counterparts and by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be
an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. The exchange of copies of this Indenture and
of signature pages&#8239;by facsimile or electronic format (e.g., &ldquo;.pdf&rdquo; or &ldquo;.tif&rdquo;) transmission shall constitute
effective execution and delivery of this Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used in lieu of the original Indenture for all
purposes. Signatures of the parties hereto transmitted by facsimile or electronic format (e.g., &ldquo;.pdf&rdquo; or &ldquo;.tif&rdquo;)
shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Unless otherwise provided herein
or in any other Securities, the words &ldquo;execute&rdquo;, &ldquo;execution&rdquo;, &ldquo;signed&rdquo; and &ldquo;signature&rdquo;
and words of similar import used in or related to any document to be signed in connection with this Indenture, any Securities or any of
the transactions contemplated hereby (including amendments, waivers, consents and other modifications) shall be deemed to include electronic
signatures and the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability
as a manually executed signature in ink or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as applicable, to the fullest extent and as
provided for in any applicable law, including the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State
Electronic Signatures and Records Act, and any other similar state laws based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.10.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Governing
Law; Waiver of Jury Trial; Consent to Jurisdiction</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><B>THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES,&#8239;INCLUDING
ANY CLAIM OR CONTROVERSY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE INDENTURE OR THE SECURITIES, SHALL BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF
NEW YORK<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>THE
COMPANY, THE TRUSTEE AND THE HOLDERS (BY THEIR ACCEPTANCE OF THE SECURITIES) EACH HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVE, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED
BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES
OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Any legal suit, action or proceeding
arising out of or based upon this Indenture or the transactions contemplated hereby may be instituted in the federal courts of the United
States of America located in the City of New York or the courts of the State of New York in each case located in the City of New York
(collectively, the &ldquo;<I>Specified Courts</I>&rdquo;), and each party irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such
courts in any such suit, action or proceeding. Service of any process, summons, notice or document by mail (to the extent allowed under
any applicable statute or rule&#8239;of court) to such party&rsquo;s address set forth above shall be effective service of process for
any suit, action or other proceeding brought in any such court. The Company, the Trustee and the Holders (by their acceptance of the Securities)
each hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waive any objection to the laying of venue of any suit, action or other proceeding in the
Specified Courts and irrevocably and unconditionally waive and agree not to plead or claim any such suit, action or other proceeding has
been brought in an inconvenient forum.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.11.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>No
Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">This Indenture may not be used
to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company. Any such indenture, loan or debt
agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.12.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Successors</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">All agreements of the Company
in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successor. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.13.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Severability</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">In case any provision in this
Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining
provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.14.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Table
of Contents, Headings, Etc</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Table of Contents, Cross
Reference Table, headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not
to be considered a part hereof and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.15.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Securities
in a Foreign Currency</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Unless otherwise specified in
a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section&#8239;2.2 of this Indenture
with respect to a particular Series&#8239;of Securities, whenever for purposes of this Indenture any action may be taken by the Holders
of a specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of Securities of all Series&#8239;or all Series&#8239;affected by a particular action
at the time outstanding and, at such time, there are outstanding Securities of any Series&#8239;which are denominated in more than one
currency, then the principal amount of Securities of such Series&#8239;which shall be deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of taking
such action shall be determined by converting any such other currency into a currency that is designated upon issuance of any particular
Series&#8239;of Securities. Unless otherwise specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate
delivered pursuant to Section&#8239;2.2 of this Indenture with respect to a particular Series&#8239;of Securities, such conversion shall
be at the spot rate for the purchase of the designated currency as published in The Financial Times in the &ldquo;Currency Rates&rdquo;
section (or, if The Financial Times is no longer published, or if such information is no longer available in The Financial Times, such
source as may be selected in good faith by the Company) on any date of determination. The provisions of this paragraph shall apply in
determining the equivalent principal amount in respect of Securities of a Series&#8239;denominated in currency other than Dollars in connection
with any action taken by Holders of Securities pursuant to the terms of this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">All decisions and determinations
provided for in the preceding paragraph shall, in the absence of manifest error, to the extent permitted by law, be conclusive for all
purposes and irrevocably binding upon the Trustee and all Holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.16.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Judgment
Currency</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company agrees, to the fullest
extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, that (a)&#8239;if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary
to convert the sum due in respect of the principal of or interest or other amount on the Securities of any Series&#8239;(the &ldquo;<I>Required
Currency</I>&rdquo;) into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the &ldquo;<I>Judgment Currency</I>&rdquo;), the rate of exchange
used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in the City of New York the Required
Currency with the Judgment Currency on the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered, unless such day is not a New York Banking
Day, then the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase
in the City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the New York Banking Day preceding the day on which final
unappealable judgment is entered and (b)&#8239;its obligations under this Indenture to make payments in the Required Currency (i)&#8239;shall
not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, any recovery pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with subsection
(a)), in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt,
by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii)&#8239;shall be enforceable
as an alternative or additional cause of action for the purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such
actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable, and (iii)&#8239;shall not be affected
by judgment being obtained for any other sum due under this Indenture. For purposes of the foregoing, &ldquo;<I>New York Banking Day</I>&rdquo;
means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in the City of New York on which banking institutions are authorized or required
by law, regulation or executive order to close.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.17.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Force
Majeure</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">In no event shall the Trustee
be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly
or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism,
civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes, pandemics, epidemics or other public health emergencies, or acts of God,
and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services, it being understood
that the Trustee shall use reasonable best efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance
as soon as practicable under the circumstances.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;10.18.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>U.S.A.
Patriot Act</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The parties hereto acknowledge
that in accordance with Section&#8239;326 of the U.S.A. Patriot Act, the Trustee is required to obtain, verify and record information that
identifies each person or legal entity that establishes a relationship or opens an account with the Trustee. The parties to this Indenture
agree that they will provide the Trustee with such information as it may request in order for the Trustee to satisfy the requirements
of the U.S.A. Patriot Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ARTICLE&#8239;XI.<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><BR>
SINKING FUNDS</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;11.1.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Applicability
of Article</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The provisions of this Article&#8239;shall
be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of the Securities of a Series&#8239;if so provided by the terms of such Securities
pursuant to Section&#8239;2.2, except as otherwise permitted or required by any form of Security of such Series&#8239;issued pursuant to
this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The minimum amount of any sinking
fund payment provided for by the terms of the Securities of any Series&#8239;is herein referred to as a &ldquo;<I>mandatory sinking fund
payment</I>&rdquo; and any other amount provided for by the terms of Securities of such Series&#8239;is herein referred to as an &ldquo;<I>optional
sinking fund payment</I>.&rdquo; If provided for by the terms of Securities of any Series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment
may be subject to reduction as provided in Section&#8239;11.2. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities
of any Series&#8239;as provided for by the terms of the Securities of such Series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;11.2.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Satisfaction
of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">The Company may, in satisfaction
of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of any Series&#8239;to be made pursuant to the terms of such
Securities (1)&#8239;deliver outstanding Securities of such Series&#8239;to which such sinking fund payment is applicable (other than any
of such Securities previously called for mandatory sinking fund redemption) and (2)&#8239;apply as credit Securities of such Series&#8239;to
which such sinking fund payment is applicable and which have been repurchased by the Company or redeemed either at the election of the
Company pursuant to the terms of such Series&#8239;of Securities (except pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund) or through the application
of permitted optional sinking fund payments or other optional redemptions pursuant to the terms of such Securities, provided that such
Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received by the Trustee, together with an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate
with respect thereto, not later than 15 days prior to the date on which the Trustee begins the process of selecting Securities for redemption
and shall be credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the
sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly. If as a result of the delivery or credit of Securities
in lieu of cash payments pursuant to this Section&#8239;11.2, the principal amount of Securities of such Series&#8239;to be redeemed in
order to exhaust the aforesaid cash payment shall be less than $100,000, the Trustee need not call Securities of such Series&#8239;for
redemption, except upon receipt of a Company Order that such action be taken, and such cash payment shall be held by the Trustee or a
Paying Agent and applied to the next succeeding sinking fund payment, <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that the Trustee or such Paying
Agent shall from time to time upon receipt of a Company Order pay over and deliver to the Company any cash payment so being held by the
Trustee or such Paying Agent upon delivery by the Company to the Trustee of Securities of that Series&#8239;purchased by the Company having
an unpaid principal amount equal to the cash payment required to be released to the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section&#8239;11.3.&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</FONT><U>Redemption
of Securities for Sinking Fund</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Not less than 45 days (unless
otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officer&rsquo;s Certificate in respect of a particular Series&#8239;of
Securities) prior to each sinking fund payment date for any Series&#8239;of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s
Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment for that Series&#8239;pursuant to the terms of that
Series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied
by delivering and crediting of Securities of that Series&#8239;pursuant to Section&#8239;11.2, and the optional amount, if any, to be added
in cash to the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment, and the Company shall thereupon be obligated to pay the amount therein specified.
Not less than 30 days (unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, Officer&rsquo;s Certificate or supplemental indenture in respect
of a particular Series&#8239;of Securities) before each such sinking fund payment date the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking
fund payment date will be selected in the manner specified in Section&#8239;3.2, and the Company shall send or cause to be sent a notice
of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in and in accordance with
Section&#8239;3.3. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner
stated in Sections 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties
hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Rhythm Pharmaceuticals,&#8239;Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Name:&#8239;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Its:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">[_____], as Trustee</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By:&#8239;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Name:&#8239;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8239;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Its:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-5.1
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>tm267280d2_ex5-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 5.1
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 5.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 52%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">200 Clarendon Street&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Boston, Massachusetts 02116&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Tel: +1.617.948.6000 Fax: +1.617.948.6001&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">www.lw.com&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<DIV STYLE="float: left; width: 48%">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm267280d2_ex5-1img01.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">February&nbsp;26, 2026</P>

</DIV>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<DIV STYLE="float: right; width: 48%">



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">FIRM / AFFILIATE OFFICES</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt; width: 10%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Austin</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt; width: 40%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Milan</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Beijing</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Munich</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Boston</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New York</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Brussels</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Orange County</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chicago</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Paris</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dubai</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Riyadh</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">D&uuml;sseldorf</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">San Diego</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Frankfurt</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">San Francisco</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hamburg</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Seoul</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hong Kong</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Silicon Valley</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Houston</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Singapore</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">London</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tel Aviv</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Los Angeles</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tokyo</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Madrid</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Washington, D.C.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

</DIV>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<DIV STYLE="clear: both; width: 100%">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

</DIV>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Rhythm Pharmaceuticals,&nbsp;Inc.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">222 Berkeley Street&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">12th Floor&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Boston, Massachusetts 02116</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Re: <U>Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;S-3; shares of Common Stock,
$0.001 par value per share, having an aggregate offering price of up to $200.0 million; 2,395,831 shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value
per share</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">To the addressee set forth above:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We have acted as special counsel
to Rhythm Pharmaceuticals,&nbsp;Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<B><I>Company</I></B>&rdquo;), in connection with its filing
on the date hereof with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;<B><I>Commission</I></B>&rdquo;) of a registration statement
on Form&nbsp;S-3 (as amended, the &ldquo;<B><I>Registration Statement</I></B>&rdquo;), including a base prospectus (the &ldquo;<B><I>Base
Prospectus</I></B>&rdquo;), which provides that it will be supplemented by one or more prospectus supplements (each such prospectus supplement,
together with the Base Prospectus, a &ldquo;<B><I>Prospectus</I></B>&rdquo;), under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;<B><I>Act</I></B>&rdquo;),
relating to the registration (a)&nbsp;for issue and sale by the Company of (i)&nbsp;shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock, $0.001
par value per share (&ldquo;<B><I>Common Stock</I></B>&rdquo;), (ii)&nbsp;shares of one or more series of the Company&rsquo;s preferred
stock, $0.001 par value per share (&ldquo;<B><I>Preferred Stock</I></B>&rdquo;), (iii)&nbsp;one or more series of the Company&rsquo;s
debt securities (collectively, &ldquo;<B><I>Debt Securities</I></B>&rdquo;) to be issued under an indenture to be entered into between
the Company, as issuer, and a trustee (a form of which is included as Exhibit&nbsp;4.3 to the Registration Statement) and one or more
board resolutions, supplements thereto or officer&rsquo;s certificates thereunder (such indenture, together with the applicable board
resolution, supplement or officer&rsquo;s certificate pertaining to the applicable series of Debt Securities, the &ldquo;<B><I>Applicable
Indenture</I></B>&rdquo;), (iv)&nbsp;warrants (&ldquo;<B><I>Warrants</I></B>&rdquo;), and (v)&nbsp;units (&ldquo;<B><I>Units</I></B>&rdquo;)
and (b)&nbsp;of up to 2,395,831 shares (the &ldquo;<B><I>Selling Securityholder Shares</I></B>&rdquo;) of Common Stock to be resold from
time to time by certain securityholders of the Company (the &ldquo;<B><I>Selling Securityholders</I></B>&rdquo;) named in the Registration
Statement. The Selling Securityholder Shares are issuable upon the conversion of the
Company&rsquo;s Series&nbsp;A Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value per share, pursuant to their terms (the &ldquo;<B><I>Series&nbsp;A
Preferred Shares</I></B>&rdquo;). The Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Debt Securities, Warrants, Units, and Selling Securityholder Shares
are referred to herein collectively as the &ldquo;<B><I>Securities</I></B>.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>February&nbsp;26, 2026</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Page 2</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm267280d2_ex5-1img02.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We also have acted as special
counsel to the Company in connection with the sale through TD Securities (USA) LLC as the sales agent (the &ldquo;<B><I>Sales Agent</I></B>&rdquo;)
from time to time by the Company of shares of Common Stock (the &ldquo;<B><I>Sales Agreement Shares</I></B>&rdquo;) having an aggregate
offering price of up to $200,000,000 pursuant to the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus and the related prospectus supplement
for the sale of the Sales Agreement Shares included in the Registration Statement (the Base Prospectus and such prospectus supplement,
collectively, the &ldquo;<B><I>Sales Agreement Prospectus</I></B>&rdquo;), and that certain Sales Agreement dated as of February&nbsp;26,
2026 between the Sales Agent and the Company (the &ldquo;<B><I>Sales Agreement</I></B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This opinion is being furnished
in connection with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5)&nbsp;of Regulation S-K under the Act, and no opinion is expressed herein as to any
matter pertaining to the contents of the Registration Statement or related applicable Prospectus or the Sales Agreement Prospectus, other
than as expressly stated herein with respect to the issue of the Securities, including the issuance of the Sales Agreement Shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">As such counsel, we have examined
such matters of fact and questions of law as we have considered appropriate for purposes of this letter. With your consent, we have relied
upon certificates and other assurances of officers of the Company and others as to factual matters without having independently verified
such factual matters. We are opining herein as to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the &ldquo;<B><I>DGCL</I></B>&rdquo;),
and with respect to the opinions set forth in paragraphs 3 through 5 below, the internal laws of the State of New York, and we express
no opinion with respect to the applicability thereto, or the effect thereon, of the laws of any other jurisdiction or, in the case of
Delaware, any other laws, or as to any matters of municipal law or the laws of any local agencies within any state.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Subject to the foregoing and the other matters
set forth herein, it is our opinion that, as of the date hereof:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1. When an issuance of Common
Stock has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company, upon issuance, delivery and payment therefor in an amount
not less than the par value thereof in the manner contemplated by the applicable Prospectus and by such corporate action, and in total
amounts and numbers of shares that do not exceed the respective total amounts and numbers of shares (a)&nbsp;available under the certificate
of incorporation, and (b)&nbsp;authorized by the board of directors in connection with the offering contemplated by the applicable Prospectus,
such shares of Common Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. In rendering the foregoing opinion, we have assumed
that the Company will comply with all applicable notice requirements regarding uncertificated shares provided in the DGCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">2. When a series of Preferred
Stock has been duly established in accordance with the terms of the Company&rsquo;s certificate of incorporation and authorized by all
necessary corporate action of the Company, upon issuance, delivery and payment therefor in an amount not less than the par value thereof
in the manner contemplated by the applicable Prospectus and by such corporate action, and in total amounts and numbers of shares that
do not exceed the respective total amounts and numbers of shares (a)&nbsp;available under the certificate of incorporation, and (b)&nbsp;authorized
by the board of directors in connection with the offering contemplated by the applicable Prospectus, such shares of such series of Preferred
Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. In rendering the foregoing opinion, we have assumed that the Company will
comply with all applicable notice requirements regarding uncertificated shares provided in the DGCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>February&nbsp;26, 2026</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Page 3</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm267280d2_ex5-1img02.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3. When the Applicable Indenture
has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by all necessary corporate action of the Company, and when the specific terms of a particular
series of Debt Securities have been duly established in accordance with the terms of the Applicable Indenture and authorized by all necessary
corporate action of the Company, and such Debt Securities have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered against payment
therefor in accordance with the terms of the Applicable Indenture and in the manner contemplated by the applicable Prospectus and by such
corporate action, such Debt Securities will be the legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company
in accordance with their terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">4. When the applicable warrant
agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by all necessary corporate action of the Company, and when the specific terms
of a particular issuance of Warrants have been duly established in accordance with the terms of the applicable warrant agreement and authorized
by all necessary corporate action of the Company, and such Warrants have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered against
payment therefor in accordance with the terms of the applicable warrant agreement and in the manner contemplated by the applicable Prospectus
and by such corporate action (assuming the securities issuable upon exercise of such Warrants have been duly authorized and reserved for
issuance by all necessary corporate action), such Warrants will be the legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable
against the Company in accordance with their terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5. When the applicable unit
agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by all necessary corporate action of the Company, and when the specific terms
of a particular issuance of Units have been duly authorized in accordance with the terms of the applicable unit agreement and authorized
by all necessary corporate action of the Company, and such Units have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered against
payment therefor in accordance with the terms of the applicable unit agreement and in the manner contemplated by the applicable Prospectus
and by such corporate action (assuming the securities issuable upon exercise of such Units have been duly authorized and reserved for
issuance by all necessary corporate action), such Units will be the legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable
against the Company in accordance with their terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6. When the Selling Securityholder
Shares shall have been duly registered on the books of the transfer agent and registrar therefor in the name or on behalf of the Selling
Securityholders, and have been issued by the Company in the circumstances contemplated by the Series&nbsp;A Preferred Shares, the issue
of the Selling Securityholder Shares will have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company and the Selling Securityholder
Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>February&nbsp;26, 2026</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Page 4</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm267280d2_ex5-1img02.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">7. Upon the completion of
all Corporate Proceedings (as defined below) relating to the Sales Agreement Shares, when the Sales Agreement Shares shall have been duly
registered on the books of the transfer agent and registrar therefor in the name or on behalf of the purchasers, and have been issued
by the Company against payment therefor (not less than par value) in accordance with the Corporate Proceedings and the terms of the Sales
Agreement, the issuance and sale of the Sales Agreement Shares will have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the
Company, and the Sales Agreement Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. In rendering the foregoing opinion, we have
assumed that (i)&nbsp;the Company will comply with all applicable notice requirements regarding uncertificated shares provided in the
DGCL, (ii)&nbsp;upon the issuance of any of the Sales Agreement Shares, the total number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding
will not exceed the total number of shares of Common Stock that the Company is then authorized to issue under the Company&rsquo;s certificate
of incorporation and (iii)&nbsp;certain terms of the Sales Agreement Shares to be issued by the Company from time to time will be authorized
and approved by the board of directors of the Company or one or more committees thereof established by the board of directors of the Company
with the authority to issue and sell Sales Agreement Shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement in accordance with the DGCL, the Company&rsquo;s
certificate of incorporation, the by-laws of the Company and certain resolutions of the board of directors of the Company and one or more
committees thereof (with such approvals referred to herein as the &ldquo;<B><I>Corporate Proceedings</I></B>&rdquo;) prior to issuance
thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our opinions are subject to:
(i)&nbsp;the effect of bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, preference, fraudulent transfer, moratorium or other similar laws relating
to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors; (ii)&nbsp;(a)&nbsp;the effect of general principles of equity, whether considered
in a proceeding in equity or at law (including the possible unavailability of specific performance or injunctive relief), (b)&nbsp;concepts
of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, and (c)&nbsp;the discretion of the court before which a proceeding is brought;
and (iii)&nbsp;the invalidity under certain circumstances under law or court decisions of provisions providing for the indemnification
of or contribution to a party with respect to a liability where such indemnification or contribution is contrary to public policy. We
express no opinion as to (a)&nbsp;any provision for liquidated damages, default interest, late charges, monetary penalties, make-whole
premiums or other economic remedies to the extent such provisions are deemed to constitute a penalty, (b)&nbsp;consents to, or restrictions
upon, governing law, jurisdiction, venue, arbitration, remedies, or judicial relief, (c)&nbsp;waivers of rights or defenses, (d)&nbsp;any
provision requiring the payment of attorneys&rsquo; fees, where such payment is contrary to law or public policy, (e)&nbsp;any provision
permitting, upon acceleration of any Debt Securities, collection of that portion of the stated principal amount thereof which might be
determined to constitute unearned interest thereon, (f)&nbsp;the creation, validity, attachment, perfection, or priority of any lien or
security interest, (g)&nbsp;advance waivers of claims, defenses, rights granted by law, or notice, opportunity for hearing, evidentiary
requirements, statutes of limitation, trial by jury or at law, or other procedural rights, (h)&nbsp;waivers of broadly or vaguely stated
rights, (i)&nbsp;provisions for exclusivity, election or cumulation of rights or remedies, (j)&nbsp;provisions authorizing or validating
conclusive or discretionary determinations, (k)&nbsp;grants of setoff rights, (l)&nbsp;proxies, powers and trusts, (m)&nbsp;provisions
prohibiting, restricting, or requiring consent to assignment or transfer of any right or property, (n)&nbsp;any provision to the extent
it requires that a claim with respect to a security denominated in other than U.S. dollars (or a judgment in respect of such a claim)
be converted into U.S. dollars at a rate of exchange at a particular date, to the extent applicable law otherwise provides, and (o)&nbsp;the
severability, if invalid, of provisions to the foregoing effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>February&nbsp;26, 2026</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Page 5</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm267280d2_ex5-1img02.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">With your consent, we have
assumed (a)&nbsp;that each of the Debt Securities, Warrants, Units and the Applicable Indenture, warrant agreements, and unit agreements
governing such Securities (collectively, the &ldquo;<B><I>Documents</I></B>&rdquo;) will be governed by the internal laws of the State
of New York, (b)&nbsp;that each of the Documents has been or will be duly authorized, executed and delivered by the parties thereto, (c)&nbsp;that
each of the Documents constitutes or will constitute legally valid and binding obligations of the parties thereto other than the Company,
enforceable against each of them in accordance with their respective terms, and (d)&nbsp;that the status of each of the Documents as legally
valid and binding obligations of the parties will not be affected by any (i)&nbsp;breaches of, or defaults under, agreements or instruments,
(ii)&nbsp;violations of statutes, rules, regulations or court or governmental orders, or (iii)&nbsp;failures to obtain required consents,
approvals or authorizations from, or to make required registrations, declarations or filings with, governmental authorities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This opinion is for your benefit
in connection with the Registration Statement and may be relied upon by you and by persons entitled to rely upon it pursuant to the applicable
provisions of the Act. We consent to your filing this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our
firm contained in each of the Prospectus and the Sales Agreement Prospectus under the heading &ldquo;Legal Matters.&rdquo; In giving such
consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section&nbsp;7 of the Act or the
rules&nbsp;and regulations of the Commission thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; text-align: justify">Sincerely,</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>/s/
Latham&nbsp;&amp; Watkins LLP</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 23.2
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit&nbsp;23.2</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We consent
to the reference to our firm under the caption &quot;Experts&quot; in this Registration Statement (Form&nbsp;S-3) and related Prospectus
of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals,&nbsp;Inc. for the registration of its common stock, preferred stock, debt securities warrants and/</FONT>or&nbsp;units
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">and to the incorporation by reference therein of our reports dated February&nbsp;26,
2026, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals,&nbsp;Inc., and the effectiveness of internal control
over financial reporting of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals,&nbsp;Inc., included in its Annual Report (Form&nbsp;10-K) for the year ended December&nbsp;31,
2025, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">/s/ Ernst&nbsp;&amp; Young LLP</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Boston, Massachusetts</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">February&nbsp;26, 2026</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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              <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001649904</xbrli:identifier>
              <xbrli:segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="ffd:OfferingAxis">
                  <dei:lineNo>6</dei:lineNo>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
              </xbrli:segment>
            </xbrli:entity>
            <xbrli:period>
              <xbrli:startDate>2026-02-26</xbrli:startDate>
              <xbrli:endDate>2026-02-26</xbrli:endDate>
            </xbrli:period>
          </xbrli:context>
          <xbrli:context id="offrl_7">
            <xbrli:entity>
              <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001649904</xbrli:identifier>
              <xbrli:segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="ffd:OfferingAxis">
                  <dei:lineNo>7</dei:lineNo>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
              </xbrli:segment>
            </xbrli:entity>
            <xbrli:period>
              <xbrli:startDate>2026-02-26</xbrli:startDate>
              <xbrli:endDate>2026-02-26</xbrli:endDate>
            </xbrli:period>
          </xbrli:context>
          <xbrli:context id="offrl_8">
            <xbrli:entity>
              <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001649904</xbrli:identifier>
              <xbrli:segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="ffd:OfferingAxis">
                  <dei:lineNo>8</dei:lineNo>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
              </xbrli:segment>
            </xbrli:entity>
            <xbrli:period>
              <xbrli:startDate>2026-02-26</xbrli:startDate>
              <xbrli:endDate>2026-02-26</xbrli:endDate>
            </xbrli:period>
          </xbrli:context>
          <xbrli:unit id="USD">
            <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
          </xbrli:unit>
          <xbrli:unit id="pure">
            <xbrli:measure>xbrli:pure</xbrli:measure>
          </xbrli:unit>
          <xbrli:unit id="Shares">
            <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
          </xbrli:unit>
        </ix:resources>
      </ix:header>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table style="width: 99%; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20pt; text-align: center;">
        <tr>
          <td colspan="4" style="padding-bottom: .5em">
            <p>
              <b>Calculation of Filing Fee Tables</b>
            </p>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="padding-bottom: .25em">
            <p>
              <b>
                <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:FormTp" contextRef="rc" id="ixv-575">S-3</ix:nonNumeric>
              </b>
            </p>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="padding-bottom: .25em">
            <p>
              <b>
                <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityRegistrantName" contextRef="rc" id="ixv-576">RHYTHM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.</ix:nonNumeric>
              </b>
            </p>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
    </div>
    <div style="padding-bottom: 20px;">
      <table style="float: center; width: 100%; text-align: left;  ">
        <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px">
          <th style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left; word-wrap: break-word">
            <b>Table 1: Newly Registered and Carry Forward Securities</b>
          </th>
          <th style="vertical-align: bottom; word-wrap: break-word; text-align: right;">
            <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hiddenrcOfferingTableNa">&#9744;Not Applicable</span>
          </th>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; float: center; width: 100%; text-align: center; border: 1px solid black; font-size: 16px;">
        <tr style="background-color:#9ADAF6">
          <th style="width: 12%;">
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </th>
          <th style="width: 2%;">
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </th>
          <th style="width: 12%;">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Security Type</b>
            </p>
          </th>
          <th style="width: 14%;">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Security Class Title </b>
            </p>
          </th>
          <th style="width: 2%;">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Fee Calculation or Carry Forward Rule</b>
            </p>
          </th>
          <th style="width: 5%;">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Amount Registered</b>
            </p>
          </th>
          <th style="width: 15%;">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Proposed Maximum Offering Price Per Unit</b>
            </p>
          </th>
          <th style="width: 10%;">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Maximum Aggregate Offering Price</b>
            </p>
          </th>
          <th style="width: 5%;">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Fee Rate</b>
            </p>
          </th>
          <th style="width: 6%;">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Amount of Registration Fee</b>
            </p>
          </th>
          <th style="width: 1%;">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Carry Forward Form Type</b>
            </p>
          </th>
          <th style="width: 7%;">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Carry Forward File Number</b>
            </p>
          </th>
          <th style="width: 6%;">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Carry Forward Initial Effective Date</b>
            </p>
          </th>
          <th style="width: 7%;">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Filing Fee Previously Paid in Connection with Unsold Securities to be Carried Forward</b>
            </p>
          </th>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center">
            <b>Newly Registered Securities</b>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:PrevslyPdFlg" contextRef="offrl_1" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="ixv-577">Fees to be Paid</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
		1
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTp" contextRef="offrl_1" id="ixv-578">Equity</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTitl" contextRef="offrl_1" id="ixv-579">Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:Rule457rFlg" contextRef="offrl_1" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="ixv-580">457(r)</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:FeeRate" unitRef="pure" decimals="7" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_1" id="ixv-581">0.0001381</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:PrevslyPdFlg" contextRef="offrl_2" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="ixv-582">Fees to be Paid</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
		2
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTp" contextRef="offrl_2" id="ixv-583">Equity</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTitl" contextRef="offrl_2" id="ixv-584">Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:Rule457rFlg" contextRef="offrl_2" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="ixv-585">457(r)</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:FeeRate" unitRef="pure" decimals="7" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_2" id="ixv-586">0.0001381</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:PrevslyPdFlg" contextRef="offrl_3" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="ixv-587">Fees to be Paid</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
		3
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTp" contextRef="offrl_3" id="ixv-588">Debt</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTitl" contextRef="offrl_3" id="ixv-589">Debt Securities</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:Rule457rFlg" contextRef="offrl_3" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="ixv-590">457(r)</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:FeeRate" unitRef="pure" decimals="7" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_3" id="ixv-591">0.0001381</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:PrevslyPdFlg" contextRef="offrl_4" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="ixv-592">Fees to be Paid</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
		4
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTp" contextRef="offrl_4" id="ixv-593">Other</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTitl" contextRef="offrl_4" id="ixv-594">Warrants</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:Rule457rFlg" contextRef="offrl_4" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="ixv-595">457(r)</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:FeeRate" unitRef="pure" decimals="7" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_4" id="ixv-596">0.0001381</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:PrevslyPdFlg" contextRef="offrl_5" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="ixv-597">Fees to be Paid</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
		5
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTp" contextRef="offrl_5" id="ixv-598">Other</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTitl" contextRef="offrl_5" id="ixv-599">Units</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:Rule457rFlg" contextRef="offrl_5" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="ixv-600">457(r)</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:FeeRate" unitRef="pure" decimals="7" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_5" id="ixv-601">0.0001381</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:PrevslyPdFlg" contextRef="offrl_6" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="ixv-602">Fees to be Paid</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
		6
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTp" contextRef="offrl_6" id="ixv-603">Equity</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTitl" contextRef="offrl_6" id="ixv-604">Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:Rule457oFlg" contextRef="offrl_6" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="ixv-605">457(o)</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <span>$</span>
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:MaxAggtOfferingPric" unitRef="USD" decimals="2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_6" id="ixv-606">74,999,663.09</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:FeeRate" unitRef="pure" decimals="7" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_6" id="ixv-607">0.0001381</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <span>$</span>
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:FeeAmt" unitRef="USD" decimals="2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_6" id="ixv-608">10,357.45</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		Fees Previously Paid
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center">
            <b>Carry Forward Securities</b>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		Carry Forward Securities
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
		7
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTp" contextRef="offrl_7" id="ixv-609">Equity</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTitl" contextRef="offrl_7" id="ixv-610">Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:Rule415a6Flg" contextRef="offrl_7" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="ixv-611">415(a)(6)</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <span>$</span>
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:MaxAggtOfferingPric" unitRef="USD" decimals="2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_7" id="ixv-612">125,000,336.91</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:CfwdFormTp" contextRef="offrl_7" id="ixv-613">S-3</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:CfwdPrrFileNb" contextRef="offrl_7" id="ixv-614">333-270233</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:CfwdPrrFctvDt" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" contextRef="offrl_7" id="ixv-615">03/02/2023</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <span>$</span>
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:CfwdPrevslyPdFee" unitRef="USD" decimals="2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_7" id="ixv-616">18,450.05</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		Carry Forward Securities
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
		8
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTp" contextRef="offrl_8" id="ixv-617">Equity</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTitl" contextRef="offrl_8" id="ixv-618">Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:Rule415a6Flg" contextRef="offrl_8" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="ixv-619">415(a)(6)</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:AmtSctiesRegd" unitRef="Shares" decimals="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_8" id="ixv-620">2,395,831</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <span>$</span>
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:MaxAggtOfferingPric" unitRef="USD" decimals="2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_8" id="ixv-621">99,714,486.22</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">

	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:CfwdFormTp" contextRef="offrl_8" id="ixv-622">S-3</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:CfwdPrrFileNb" contextRef="offrl_8" id="ixv-623">333-270233</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:CfwdPrrFctvDt" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" contextRef="offrl_8" id="ixv-624">03/02/2023</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
            <span>$</span>
            <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:CfwdPrevslyPdFee" unitRef="USD" decimals="2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" contextRef="offrl_8" id="ixv-625">14,717.86</ix:nonFraction>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: top">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: right">Total Offering Amounts:</p>
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 16%;">
            <p id="MaxAggtOfferingPrice" style="margin: 0pt; text-align: right">
              <span>$</span>
              <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:TtlOfferingAmt" contextRef="rc" decimals="2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" unitRef="USD" id="ixv-626">299,714,486.22</ix:nonFraction>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 1px black; width: 16%;">
            <p id="TotalFeeAmt" style="margin: 0pt; text-align: right">
              <span>$</span>
              <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:TtlFeeAmt" contextRef="rc" decimals="2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" unitRef="USD" id="ixv-627">10,357.45</ix:nonFraction>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: top">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: right">
					Total Fees Previously Paid:
				</p>
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td style="vertical-align: top">
            <p id="TotalPreviouslyPaidAmt" style="margin: 0pt; text-align: right">
              <span>$</span>
              <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:TtlPrevslyPdAmt" contextRef="rc" decimals="2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" unitRef="USD" id="ixv-628">0.00</ix:nonFraction>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: top">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: right">
					Total Fee Offsets:
				</p>
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td style="vertical-align: top">
            <p id="TotalOffsetAmt" style="margin: 0pt; text-align: right">
              <span>$</span>
              <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:TtlOffsetAmt" contextRef="rc" decimals="2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" unitRef="USD" id="ixv-629">0.00</ix:nonFraction>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: top">
            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: right">
					Net Fee Due:
				</p>
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td style="vertical-align: top">
            <p id="NetFeeAmt" style="margin: 0pt; text-align: right">
              <span>$</span>
              <ix:nonFraction name="ffd:NetFeeAmt" contextRef="rc" decimals="2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" unitRef="USD" id="ixv-630">10,357.45</ix:nonFraction>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
          <td>
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
        <tbody>
          <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: top;">
            <td>
              <p style="margin:0pt;text-align:left; margin-bottom: 5px;">
                <b>Offering Note</b>
              </p>
            </td>
            <td/>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </div>
    <div style="padding-bottom: 20px;">
      <table style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
        <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: top;">
          <td style="width:10pt;">
            <p style="margin:0pt;text-align:left;">
              <sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;font-size:10px">1</sup>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td colspan="7" style="white-space: pre-line;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingNote" escape="1" contextRef="offrl_1" id="ixv-631">The securities registered hereunder include such indeterminate number of (a) shares of common stock, (b) shares of preferred stock, (c) debt securities, (d) warrants to purchase common stock, preferred stock, or other securities of the registrant, and (e) units consisting of some or all of these securities in any combination, as may be sold from time to time by the registrant. There are also being registered hereunder an indeterminate number of shares of common stock and preferred stock as shall be issuable upon conversion, exchange, or exercise of any securities that provide for such issuance.

Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, this registration statement shall also cover any additional shares of the registrant's securities that become issuable by reason of any stock splits, stock dividend, or similar transaction.

The proposed maximum per security and aggregate offering prices per class of securities will be determined from time to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered hereunder and is not specified as to each class of security. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion, or exchange of other securities, or that are issued in units.

Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, this registration statement shall also cover any additional shares of the registrant's securities that become issuable by reason of any stock splits, stock dividend, or similar transaction.

</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="7">
            <hr style="width:100%;text-align:left;margin-left:0"/>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: top;">
          <td style="width:10pt;">
            <p style="margin:0pt;text-align:left;">
              <sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;font-size:10px">2</sup>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td colspan="7" style="white-space: pre-line;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingNote" escape="1" contextRef="offrl_2" id="ixv-632">See Note 1.</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="7">
            <hr style="width:100%;text-align:left;margin-left:0"/>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: top;">
          <td style="width:10pt;">
            <p style="margin:0pt;text-align:left;">
              <sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;font-size:10px">3</sup>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td colspan="7" style="white-space: pre-line;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingNote" escape="1" contextRef="offrl_3" id="ixv-633">See Note 1.</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="7">
            <hr style="width:100%;text-align:left;margin-left:0"/>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: top;">
          <td style="width:10pt;">
            <p style="margin:0pt;text-align:left;">
              <sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;font-size:10px">4</sup>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td colspan="7" style="white-space: pre-line;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingNote" escape="1" contextRef="offrl_4" id="ixv-634">See Note 1.</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="7">
            <hr style="width:100%;text-align:left;margin-left:0"/>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: top;">
          <td style="width:10pt;">
            <p style="margin:0pt;text-align:left;">
              <sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;font-size:10px">5</sup>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td colspan="7" style="white-space: pre-line;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingNote" escape="1" contextRef="offrl_5" id="ixv-635">See Note 1.</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="7">
            <hr style="width:100%;text-align:left;margin-left:0"/>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: top;">
          <td style="width:10pt;">
            <p style="margin:0pt;text-align:left;">
              <sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;font-size:10px">6</sup>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td colspan="7" style="white-space: pre-line;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingNote" escape="1" contextRef="offrl_6" id="ixv-636">In accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act, the registrant is deferring payment of the filing fees relating to the securities that are registered and available for sale under this registration statement other than the fees in connection with the (i) $200,000,000 of the registrant's common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under the Sales Agreement, dated February 26, 2026, with TD Securities (USA) LLC, as sales agent, and (ii) 2,395,831 shares of common stock to be offered by the selling stockholders. Pursuant to Rule 415(a)(6) under the Securities Act, the securities registered pursuant to this registration statement include the Unsold ATM Shares (as defined below) and the Unsold Conversion Shares (as defined below) being carried forward, and the filing fees previously paid in connection with the Unsold ATM Shares and the Unsold Conversion Shares will be applied to the filing fees for the securities being registered in this registration statement.</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="7">
            <hr style="width:100%;text-align:left;margin-left:0"/>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: top;">
          <td style="width:10pt;">
            <p style="margin:0pt;text-align:left;">
              <sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;font-size:10px">7</sup>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td colspan="7" style="white-space: pre-line;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingNote" escape="1" contextRef="offrl_7" id="ixv-637">The securities registered pursuant to this registration statement include an aggregate of $125,000,336.91 of shares of common stock (the "Unsold ATM Shares") previously registered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-270233) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which was automatically effective upon filing on March 2, 2023 (the "Prior Registration Statement") and a prospectus supplement to the Prior Registration Statement filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024 for which the related fees were paid.</ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="7">
            <hr style="width:100%;text-align:left;margin-left:0"/>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: top;">
          <td style="width:10pt;">
            <p style="margin:0pt;text-align:left;">
              <sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;font-size:10px">8</sup>
            </p>
          </td>
          <td colspan="7" style="white-space: pre-line;">
            <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingNote" escape="1" contextRef="offrl_8" id="ixv-638">The securities registered pursuant to this registration statement includes 2,395,831 shares of common stock previously registered with a Maximum Aggregate Offering Price calculated as $99,714,486.22 (the "Unsold Conversion Shares") pursuant to the Prior Registration Statement and a prospectus supplement to the Prior Registration Statement filed with the SEC on July 10, 2024 for which the related fees were paid. </ix:nonNumeric>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="7">
            <hr style="width:100%;text-align:left;margin-left:0"/>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
    </div>
    <div style="padding-bottom: 20px;">
      <table style="float: center; width: 100%; text-align: left;  ">
        <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px">
          <th style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left; word-wrap: break-word">
            <b>Table 2: Fee Offset Claims and Sources</b>
          </th>
          <th style="vertical-align: bottom; word-wrap: break-word; text-align: right;">
            <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hiddenrcOffsetTableNa">&#9745;Not Applicable</span>
          </th>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; float: center; width: 100%; text-align: center;  border: 1px solid black;">
        <tr style="background-color:#9ADAF6">
          <th style="width: 10%; text-align: left;">
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </th>
          <th style="width: 8%; text-align: left;">
            <!-- BLANK -->
          </th>
          <th style="width: 16%;">
				Registrant or Filer Name
			</th>
          <th style="width: 6%;">
				Form or Filing Type
			</th>
          <th style="width: 7%;">
				File Number
			</th>
          <th style="width: 6%;">
				Initial Filing Date
			</th>
          <th style="width: 6%;">
				Filing Date
			</th>
          <th style="width: 6%;">
				Fee Offset Claimed
			</th>
          <th style="width: 6%;">
				Security Type Associated with Fee Offset Claimed
			</th>
          <th style="width: 8%;">
				Security Title Associated with Fee Offset Claimed
			</th>
          <th style="width: 6%;">
				Unsold Securities Associated with Fee Offset Claimed
			</th>
          <th style="width: 9%;">
				Unsold Aggregate Offering Amount Associated with Fee Offset Claimed
			</th>
          <th style="width: 6%;">
				Fee Paid with Fee Offset Source
			</th>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center">
            <b>Rules 457(b) and 0-11(a)(2)</b>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		Fee Offset Claims
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		Fee Offset Sources
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center">
            <b>Rule 457(p)</b>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		Fee Offset Claims
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2">
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		Fee Offset Sources
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: left;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
        </tr>
      </table>
    </div>
    <div style="padding-bottom: 20px;">
      <table style="float: center; width: 100%; text-align: left;  ">
        <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px">
          <th style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left; word-wrap: break-word">
            <b>Table 3: Combined Prospectuses</b>
          </th>
          <th style="vertical-align: bottom; word-wrap: break-word; text-align: right;">
            <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hiddenrcCombinedProspectusTableNa">&#9745;Not Applicable</span>
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            <!-- Note column -->
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              <b>Security Type</b>
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            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Security Class Title</b>
            </p>
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            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Amount of Securities Previously Registered</b>
            </p>
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              <b>Maximum Aggregate Offering Price of Securities Previously Registered</b>
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            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>Form Type</b>
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            <p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;">
              <b>File Number</b>
            </p>
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              <b>Initial Effective Date</b>
            </p>
          </th>
        </tr>
        <tr style="background-color:#E7E7E2;">
          <td style="text-align: center;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td>
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: right;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
		N/A
	</td>
          <td style="text-align: center;">
		N/A
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<span style="display: none;">v3.25.4</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Submission<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 26, 2026</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_SubmissionLineItems', window );"><strong>Submission [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001649904<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">RHYTHM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FormTp', window );">Form Type</a></td>
<td class="text">S-3<span></span>
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<td class="text">S-3ASR<span></span>
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<td class="text">EX-FILING FEES<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTableNa', window );">Offering Table N/A</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_CombinedProspectusTableNa', window );">Combined Prospectus Table N/A</a></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FormTp">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FormTp</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.25.4</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Offerings<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Feb. 26, 2026 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=1', window );">Offering: 1</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
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</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_PrevslyPdFlg', window );">Fee Previously Paid</a></td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
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<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="re">
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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">The securities registered hereunder include such indeterminate number of (a) shares of common stock, (b) shares of preferred stock, (c) debt securities, (d) warrants to purchase common stock, preferred stock, or other securities of the registrant, and (e) units consisting of some or all of these securities in any combination, as may be sold from time to time by the registrant. There are also being registered hereunder an indeterminate number of shares of common stock and preferred stock as shall be issuable upon conversion, exchange, or exercise of any securities that provide for such issuance.

Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, this registration statement shall also cover any additional shares of the registrant's securities that become issuable by reason of any stock splits, stock dividend, or similar transaction.

The proposed maximum per security and aggregate offering prices per class of securities will be determined from time to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered hereunder and is not specified as to each class of security. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion, or exchange of other securities, or that are issued in units.

Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, this registration statement shall also cover any additional shares of the registrant's securities that become issuable by reason of any stock splits, stock dividend, or similar transaction.

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=2', window );">Offering: 2</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_PrevslyPdFlg', window );">Fee Previously Paid</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_Rule457rFlg', window );">Rule 457(r)</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
<td class="text">Equity<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl', window );">Security Class Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FeeRate', window );">Fee Rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.01381%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">See Note 1.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=3', window );">Offering: 3</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_PrevslyPdFlg', window );">Fee Previously Paid</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_Rule457rFlg', window );">Rule 457(r)</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
<td class="text">Debt<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl', window );">Security Class Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Debt Securities<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FeeRate', window );">Fee Rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.01381%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">See Note 1.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=4', window );">Offering: 4</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_PrevslyPdFlg', window );">Fee Previously Paid</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_Rule457rFlg', window );">Rule 457(r)</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
<td class="text">Other<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl', window );">Security Class Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Warrants<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FeeRate', window );">Fee Rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.01381%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">See Note 1.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=5', window );">Offering: 5</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_PrevslyPdFlg', window );">Fee Previously Paid</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_Rule457rFlg', window );">Rule 457(r)</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
<td class="text">Other<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl', window );">Security Class Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Units<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FeeRate', window );">Fee Rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.01381%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">See Note 1.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=6', window );">Offering: 6</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_PrevslyPdFlg', window );">Fee Previously Paid</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_Rule457oFlg', window );">Rule 457(o)</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
<td class="text">Equity<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl', window );">Security Class Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_MaxAggtOfferingPric', window );">Maximum Aggregate Offering Price</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 74,999,663.09<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FeeRate', window );">Fee Rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.01381%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FeeAmt', window );">Amount of Registration Fee</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,357.45<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">In accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act, the registrant is deferring payment of the filing fees relating to the securities that are registered and available for sale under this registration statement other than the fees in connection with the (i) $200,000,000 of the registrant's common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under the Sales Agreement, dated February 26, 2026, with TD Securities (USA) LLC, as sales agent, and (ii) 2,395,831 shares of common stock to be offered by the selling stockholders. Pursuant to Rule 415(a)(6) under the Securities Act, the securities registered pursuant to this registration statement include the Unsold ATM Shares (as defined below) and the Unsold Conversion Shares (as defined below) being carried forward, and the filing fees previously paid in connection with the Unsold ATM Shares and the Unsold Conversion Shares will be applied to the filing fees for the securities being registered in this registration statement.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=7', window );">Offering: 7</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_Rule415a6Flg', window );">Rule 415(a)(6)</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
<td class="text">Equity<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl', window );">Security Class Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_MaxAggtOfferingPric', window );">Maximum Aggregate Offering Price</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 125,000,336.91<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_CfwdFormTp', window );">Carry Forward Form Type</a></td>
<td class="text">S-3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_CfwdPrrFileNb', window );">Carry Forward File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">333-270233<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_CfwdPrrFctvDt', window );">Carry Forward Initial Effective Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Mar.  02,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_CfwdPrevslyPdFee', window );">Filing Fee Previously Paid in Connection with Unsold Securities to be Carried Forward</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,450.05<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">The securities registered pursuant to this registration statement include an aggregate of $125,000,336.91 of shares of common stock (the "Unsold ATM Shares") previously registered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-270233) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which was automatically effective upon filing on March 2, 2023 (the "Prior Registration Statement") and a prospectus supplement to the Prior Registration Statement filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024 for which the related fees were paid.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=8', window );">Offering: 8</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_Rule415a6Flg', window );">Rule 415(a)(6)</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
<td class="text">Equity<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl', window );">Security Class Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_AmtSctiesRegd', window );">Amount Registered | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,395,831<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_MaxAggtOfferingPric', window );">Maximum Aggregate Offering Price</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 99,714,486.22<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_CfwdFormTp', window );">Carry Forward Form Type</a></td>
<td class="text">S-3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_CfwdPrrFileNb', window );">Carry Forward File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">333-270233<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_CfwdPrrFctvDt', window );">Carry Forward Initial Effective Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Mar.  02,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_CfwdPrevslyPdFee', window );">Filing Fee Previously Paid in Connection with Unsold Securities to be Carried Forward</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,717.86<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">The securities registered pursuant to this registration statement includes 2,395,831 shares of common stock previously registered with a Maximum Aggregate Offering Price calculated as $99,714,486.22 (the "Unsold Conversion Shares") pursuant to the Prior Registration Statement and a prospectus supplement to the Prior Registration Statement filed with the SEC on July 10, 2024 for which the related fees were paid. <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_AmtSctiesRegd</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:nonNegativeDecimal2ItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_CfwdFormTp">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_CfwdFormTp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:formTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_CfwdPrevslyPdFee">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_CfwdPrevslyPdFee</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_CfwdPrrFctvDt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_CfwdPrrFctvDt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_CfwdPrrFileNb">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_CfwdPrrFileNb</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FeeAmt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FeeAmt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FeeRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FeeRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_MaxAggtOfferingPric">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_MaxAggtOfferingPric</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingNote">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingNote</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingSctyTitl</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingSctyTp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:securityTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingTable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingTable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_PrevslyPdFlg">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_PrevslyPdFlg</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_Rule415a6Flg">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_Rule415a6Flg</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_Rule457oFlg">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_Rule457oFlg</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_Rule457rFlg">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_Rule457rFlg</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingAxis=1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingAxis=2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=3">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingAxis=3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=4">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingAxis=4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=5">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingAxis=5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=6">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
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<div>Feb. 26, 2026 </div>
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    <ffd:OfferingNote contextRef="offrl_1" id="ixv-631">The securities registered hereunder include such indeterminate number of (a) shares of common stock, (b) shares of preferred stock, (c) debt securities, (d) warrants to purchase common stock, preferred stock, or other securities of the registrant, and (e) units consisting of some or all of these securities in any combination, as may be sold from time to time by the registrant. There are also being registered hereunder an indeterminate number of shares of common stock and preferred stock as shall be issuable upon conversion, exchange, or exercise of any securities that provide for such issuance.

Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, this registration statement shall also cover any additional shares of the registrant's securities that become issuable by reason of any stock splits, stock dividend, or similar transaction.

The proposed maximum per security and aggregate offering prices per class of securities will be determined from time to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered hereunder and is not specified as to each class of security. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion, or exchange of other securities, or that are issued in units.

Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, this registration statement shall also cover any additional shares of the registrant's securities that become issuable by reason of any stock splits, stock dividend, or similar transaction.

</ffd:OfferingNote>
    <ffd:OfferingNote contextRef="offrl_2" id="ixv-632">See Note 1.</ffd:OfferingNote>
    <ffd:OfferingNote contextRef="offrl_3" id="ixv-633">See Note 1.</ffd:OfferingNote>
    <ffd:OfferingNote contextRef="offrl_4" id="ixv-634">See Note 1.</ffd:OfferingNote>
    <ffd:OfferingNote contextRef="offrl_5" id="ixv-635">See Note 1.</ffd:OfferingNote>
    <ffd:OfferingNote contextRef="offrl_6" id="ixv-636">In accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act, the registrant is deferring payment of the filing fees relating to the securities that are registered and available for sale under this registration statement other than the fees in connection with the (i) $200,000,000 of the registrant's common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under the Sales Agreement, dated February 26, 2026, with TD Securities (USA) LLC, as sales agent, and (ii) 2,395,831 shares of common stock to be offered by the selling stockholders. Pursuant to Rule 415(a)(6) under the Securities Act, the securities registered pursuant to this registration statement include the Unsold ATM Shares (as defined below) and the Unsold Conversion Shares (as defined below) being carried forward, and the filing fees previously paid in connection with the Unsold ATM Shares and the Unsold Conversion Shares will be applied to the filing fees for the securities being registered in this registration statement.</ffd:OfferingNote>
    <ffd:OfferingNote contextRef="offrl_7" id="ixv-637">The securities registered pursuant to this registration statement include an aggregate of $125,000,336.91 of shares of common stock (the "Unsold ATM Shares") previously registered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-270233) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which was automatically effective upon filing on March 2, 2023 (the "Prior Registration Statement") and a prospectus supplement to the Prior Registration Statement filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024 for which the related fees were paid.</ffd:OfferingNote>
    <ffd:OfferingNote contextRef="offrl_8" id="ixv-638">The securities registered pursuant to this registration statement includes 2,395,831 shares of common stock previously registered with a Maximum Aggregate Offering Price calculated as $99,714,486.22 (the "Unsold Conversion Shares") pursuant to the Prior Registration Statement and a prospectus supplement to the Prior Registration Statement filed with the SEC on July 10, 2024 for which the related fees were paid. </ffd:OfferingNote>
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</SEC-DOCUMENT>
