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Statutory Information | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Statutory Capital [Abstract] |
Statutory Information |
NOTE 14 |  | Statutory Information
STATUTORY ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES The statutory financial statements of our insurance companies are presented on the basis of accounting principles prescribed, or practices permitted, by the Office of the Commissioner of Insurance of the State of Wisconsin (the "OCI"), which has adopted the National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC") Statements of Statutory Accounting Principles ("SSAP") as the basis of its statutory accounting principles. In converting from statutory to GAAP, typical adjustments include deferral of policy acquisition costs, the inclusion of net unrealized holding gains or losses in shareholders' equity relating to fixed income securities, and the inclusion of statutory non-admitted assets. In addition to the typical adjustments from statutory to GAAP, mortgage insurance companies are required to maintain contingency loss reserves equal to 50% of premiums earned under SSAP and principles prescribed by the OCI. Such amounts cannot be withdrawn for a period of ten years except as permitted by insurance regulations. With regulatory approval, a mortgage guaranty insurance company may make early withdrawals from the contingency reserve when incurred losses exceed 35% of premiums earned in a calendar year. For the year ended 2022, MGIC did not withdraw amounts from its contingency reserve. Changes in contingency loss reserves impact the statutory statement of operations. Contingency loss reserves are not reflected as liabilities under GAAP and changes in contingency loss reserves do not impact the GAAP statements of operations. As a mortgage guaranty insurer, we are eligible for a tax deduction, subject to certain limitations, under Section 832(e) of the IRC for amounts required by state law or regulation to be set aside in statutory contingency reserves. The deduction is allowed only to the extent that we purchase tax and loss bonds (“T&L Bonds”) in an amount equal to the tax benefit derived from deducting any portion of our statutory contingency reserves. Under statutory accounting practices, purchases of T&L Bonds are accounted for as investments. Under GAAP, purchases of T&L Bonds are accounted for as a payment of current taxes. The OCI recognizes only statutory accounting principles prescribed, or practices permitted, by the State of Wisconsin for determining and reporting the financial condition and results of operations of an insurance company. The OCI has adopted certain prescribed accounting practices that differ from those found in other states. Specifically, Wisconsin domiciled companies record changes in the contingency loss reserves through the income statement as a change in underwriting deduction. As a result, in periods in which MGIC is increasing contingency loss reserves, statutory net income is reduced. The statutory net income, policyholders’ surplus, and contingency reserve liability of our insurance subsidiaries, including MGIC, are shown in table 14.1.
Statutory financial information of insurance subsidiaries
Table | 14.1 |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | As of and for the Years Ended December 31,
(In thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Statutory net income |  | $ | 440,944 |  |  | $ | 295,811 |  |  | $ | 65,201 |
Statutory policyholders' surplus |  | 924,977 |  |  | 1,220,714 |  |  | 1,339,509 |
Contingency reserve |  | 4,669,724 |  |  | 4,126,604 |  |  | 3,585,864 |
The decrease in statutory policyholders' surplus from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2022 is primarily due to dividend payments to the parent company (discussed below), offset by statutory net income. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 there were no contributions made to MGIC or distributions from other insurance subsidiaries to us. Dividends paid by MGIC are shown in table 14.2 below.
Surplus contributions and dividends of insurance subsidiaries
Table | 14.2 |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Years Ended December 31,
(In thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Dividends paid by MGIC to the parent company (1) |  | $ | 800,000 |  |  | 400,000 |  |  | 390,000 |
(1) Dividends paid in cash and/or investment securities. Also, in 2021 MGIC distributed to the holding company, as a dividend, its investment in MGIC Credit Assurance Corporation at an amount of $8.9 million. In 2020, MGIC distributed to the holding company, as a dividend, its ownership in the 9% Debentures held at an amortized cost of $139.5 million. STATUTORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS The insurance laws of 16 jurisdictions, including Wisconsin, our domiciliary state, require a mortgage insurer to maintain a minimum amount of statutory capital relative to the RIF (or a similar measure) in order for the mortgage insurer to continue to write new business. We refer to these requirements as the “State Capital Requirements” and, together with the GSE Financial Requirements, the “Financial Requirements.” While they vary among jurisdictions, the most common State Capital Requirements allow for a maximum risk-to-capital ratio of 25 to 1. A risk-to-capital ratio will increase if (i) the percentage decrease in capital exceeds the percentage decrease in insured risk, or (ii) the percentage increase in capital is less than the percentage increase in insured risk. Wisconsin does not regulate capital by using a risk-to-capital measure but instead requires a minimum policyholder position ("MPP"). MGIC's “policyholder position” includes its net worth or surplus, and its contingency loss reserve. At December 31, 2022, MGIC’s risk-to-capital ratio was 10.2 to 1, below the maximum allowed by the jurisdictions with State Capital Requirements and its policyholder position was $3.5 billion above the required MPP of $2.1 billion. The calculation of our risk-to-capital ratio and MPP reflect credit for the risk ceded under our reinsurance transactions. It is possible that under the revised State Capital Requirements discussed below, MGIC will not be allowed full credit for the risk ceded to the reinsurers. If MGIC is not allowed an agreed level of credit under either the State Capital Requirements or the financial requirements of the PMIERs, MGIC may terminate the reinsurance agreements, without penalty. At this time, we expect MGIC to continue to comply with the current State Capital Requirements; however, you should read the rest of these financial statement footnotes for information about matters that could negatively affect such compliance. The NAIC previously announced plans to revise the State Capital Requirements that are provided for in its Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Model Act. In December 2019, a working group of state regulators released an exposure draft of a revised Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Model Act and a risk-based capital framework to establish capital requirements for mortgage insurers, although certain items were not completely addressed by the framework, including the treatment of ceded risk and minimum capital floors. In October 2022, the NAIC working group released a revised exposure draft of the Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Model Act that does not include changes to the capital requirements of the existing Model Act. DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS MGIC is subject to statutory regulations as to payment of dividends. The maximum amount of dividends that MGIC may pay in any twelve-month period without regulatory approval by the OCI is the lesser of adjusted statutory net income or 10% of statutory policyholders' surplus as of the preceding calendar year end. Adjusted statutory net income is defined for this purpose to be the greater of statutory net income, net of realized investment gains, for the calendar year preceding the date of the dividend or statutory net income, net of realized investment gains, for the three calendar years preceding the date of the dividend less dividends paid within the first two of the preceding three calendar years. The maximum dividend that could be paid is reduced by dividends paid in the twelve months preceding the dividend payment date. Before making any dividend payments in 2023, we will notify the OCI to ensure it does not object.

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