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Statutory Information | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Statutory Capital [Abstract] |
Statutory Information | Statutory Information STATUTORY ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES The statutory financial statements of our insurance companies are presented on the basis of accounting principles prescribed, or practices permitted, by the Office of the Commissioner of Insurance of the State of Wisconsin (the "OCI"), which has adopted the National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC") Statements of Statutory Accounting Principles ("SSAP") as the basis of its statutory accounting principles, except as described below. In converting from statutory to GAAP, typical adjustments include deferral of policy acquisition costs, the inclusion of net unrealized holding gains or losses in shareholders' equity relating to fixed income securities, and the inclusion of statutory non-admitted assets. In addition to the typical adjustments from statutory to GAAP, mortgage insurance companies are required to maintain contingency loss reserves equal to 50% of premiums earned under SSAP and principles prescribed by the OCI. Such amounts cannot be withdrawn for a period of ten years except as permitted by insurance regulations. With regulatory approval, a mortgage guaranty insurance company may make early withdrawals from the contingency reserve when incurred losses exceed 35% of premiums earned in a calendar year. For the year ended 2023, MGIC did not withdraw amounts from its contingency reserve. Changes in contingency loss reserves impact the statutory statement of operations. Contingency loss reserves are not reflected as liabilities under GAAP and changes in contingency loss reserves do not impact the GAAP consolidated statements of operations. As a mortgage guaranty insurer, we are eligible for a tax deduction, subject to certain limitations, under Section 832(e) of the IRC for amounts required by state law or regulation to be set aside in statutory contingency reserves. The deduction is allowed only to the extent that we purchase tax and loss bonds (“T&L Bonds”) in an amount equal to the tax benefit derived from deducting any portion of our statutory contingency reserves. Under statutory accounting practices, purchases of T&L Bonds are accounted for as investments. Under GAAP, purchases of T&L Bonds are accounted for as a payment of current taxes. The OCI recognizes only statutory accounting principles prescribed, or practices permitted, by the State of Wisconsin for determining and reporting the financial condition and results of operations of an insurance company. The OCI has adopted certain prescribed accounting practices that differ from those found in other states. Specifically, Wisconsin domiciled companies record changes in the contingency loss reserves through the income statement as a change in underwriting deduction. As a result, in periods in which MGIC is increasing contingency loss reserves, statutory net income is reduced. The statutory net income, policyholders’ surplus, and contingency reserve liability of our insurance subsidiaries, including MGIC, are shown in table 14.1.
Statutory financial information of insurance subsidiaries
Table | 14.1 |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | As of and for the Years Ended December 31,
(In thousands) |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Statutory net income |  | $ | 279,145 |  |  | $ | 440,944 |  |  | $ | 295,811 |
Statutory policyholders' surplus |  | 639,878 |  |  | 924,977 |  |  | 1,220,714 |
Contingency reserve |  | 5,199,405 |  |  | 4,669,724 |  |  | 4,126,604 |
The decrease in statutory policyholders' surplus for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 is primarily due to dividend payments to MGIC Investment Corporation ("the holding company") (discussed below), offset by statutory net income. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 there were no contributions made to MGIC or distributions from other insurance subsidiaries to us. Dividends paid by MGIC are shown in table 14.2 below.
Surplus contributions and dividends of insurance subsidiaries
Table | 14.2 |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Years Ended December 31,
(In thousands) |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Dividends paid by MGIC to the holding company (1) |  | $ | 600,000 |  |  | 800,000 |  |  | 400,000 |
(1) Dividends paid in cash and/or investment securities. Also, in 2021 MGIC distributed to the holding company, as a dividend, its investment in MGIC Credit Assurance Corporation at an amount of $8.9 million. STATUTORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS The insurance laws of 16 jurisdictions, including Wisconsin, our domiciliary state, require a mortgage insurer to maintain a minimum amount of statutory capital relative to the RIF (or a similar measure) in order for the mortgage insurer to continue to write new business. We refer to these requirements as the “State Capital Requirements” and, together with the GSE Financial Requirements, the “Financial Requirements.” While they vary among jurisdictions, the most common State Capital Requirements allow for a maximum risk-to-capital ratio of 25 to 1. A risk-to-capital ratio will increase if (i) the percentage decrease in capital exceeds the percentage decrease in insured risk, or (ii) the percentage increase in capital is less than the percentage increase in insured risk. Wisconsin does not regulate capital by using a risk-to-capital measure but instead requires a minimum policyholder position ("MPP"). MGIC's “policyholder position” includes its net worth or surplus, and its contingency loss reserve. At December 31, 2023, MGIC’s risk-to-capital ratio was 10.2 to 1, below the maximum allowed by the jurisdictions with State Capital Requirements and its policyholder position was $3.6 billion above the required MPP of $2.2 billion. The calculation of our risk-to-capital ratio and MPP reflect credit for the risk ceded under our reinsurance transactions. The NAIC established a Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Working Group to determine and make recommendations to the NAIC’s Financial Condition Committee as to what, if any, changes to make to the solvency and other regulations relating to mortgage guaranty insurers. A draft of a revised Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Model Act was adopted by the Financial Condition Committee in July 2023 and by the Executive Committee and Plenary NAIC in August 2023. The revised Model Act includes requirements relating to, among other things: (i) capital and minimum capital requirements, and contingency reserves; (ii) restrictions on mortgage insurers’ investments in notes secured by mortgages; (iii) prudent underwriting standards and formal underwriting guidelines; (iv) the establishment of formal, internal “Mortgage Guaranty Quality Control Programs” with respect to in-force business; and (v) reinsurance and prohibitions on captive reinsurance arrangements. It is uncertain when the revised Model Act will be adopted in any jurisdiction. The provisions of the Model Act, if adopted in their final form, are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our business. It is unknown whether any changes will be made by state legislatures prior to adoption, and the effect changes, if any, will have on the mortgage guaranty insurance market generally, or on our business. DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS MGIC is subject to statutory regulations as to payment of dividends. The maximum amount of dividends that MGIC may pay in any twelve-month period without regulatory approval by the OCI is the lesser of adjusted statutory net income or 10% of statutory policyholders' surplus as of the preceding calendar year end. Adjusted statutory net income is defined for this purpose to be the greater of statutory net income, net of realized investment gains, for the calendar year preceding the date of the dividend or statutory net income, net of realized investment gains, for the three calendar years preceding the date of the dividend less dividends paid within the first two of the preceding three calendar years. The maximum dividend that could be paid is reduced by dividends paid in the twelve months preceding the dividend payment date. Before making any dividend payments in 2024, we will notify the OCI to ensure it does not object.

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