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Consolidated Income Statements - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Disclosure of analysis of other comprehensive income by item [line items]      
Net sales $ 17,649,060 $ 17,610,092 $ 16,414,466
Cost of sales (14,760,224) (14,050,737) (12,487,282)
Gross profit 2,888,836 3,559,355 3,927,184
Selling, general and administrative expenses (1,650,759) (1,471,678) (1,143,646)
Other operating (expense) income, net 25,234 110,337 (84,019)
Operating income 1,263,311 2,198,014 2,699,519
Finance expense (196,175) (125,376) (46,737)
Finance income 297,820 255,009 75,145
Other financial (expenses) income, net (295,859) (6,179) (98,541)
Equity in earnings of non-consolidated companies 69,108 105,305 37,114
Income before income tax expense - IFRS 728,005 1,320,782 2,666,500
Income tax expense (554,224) (334,408) (573,728)
Profit for the year 173,781 986,374 2,092,772
Attributable to:      
Owners of the parent (53,672) 676,043 1,767,516
Non-controlling interest $ 227,453 $ 310,331 $ 325,256
Weighted average number of shares outstanding (in shares) 1,963,076,776 1,963,076,776 1,963,076,776
Diluted earnings per share for profit attributable to the owners of the parent (expressed in $ per share) $ (0.03) $ 0.34 $ 0.90
Basic earnings per share for profit attributable to the owners of the parent (expressed in $ per share) $ (0.03) $ 0.34 $ 0.90
Usiminas      
Disclosure of analysis of other comprehensive income by item [line items]      
Net sales $ 4,803,000 $ 5,534,000  
Provision for ongoing litigation related to the acquisition of a participation in Usiminas (410,200) 0 $ 0
Attributable to:      
Non-controlling interest 28,000 50,000  
Usiminas      
Disclosure of analysis of other comprehensive income by item [line items]      
Effect related to the increase of the participation in Usiminas 0 (171,045) 0
Effect related to the increase of the participation in Usiminas $ 0 $ (934,946) $ 0