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Commitments And Contingencies | 9 Months Ended
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Jan. 31, 2012
Commitments And Contingencies [Abstract] |
Commitments And Contingencies | 12. Commitments and Contingencies Changes in deferred revenue balances related to our Peace of Mind (POM) program, the current portion of which is included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities and the long-term portion of which is included in other noncurrent liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, are as follows:
|  | (in 000s)
Nine months ended January 31, | 2012 | 2011
Balance, beginning of period | $ 140,603 | $ 141,542
Amounts deferred for new guarantees issued | 19,471 | 19,376
Revenue recognized on previous deferrals | (57,254 ) | (59,882 )
Balance, end of period | $ 102,820 | $ 101,036
In addition to amounts accrued for our POM guarantee, we had accrued $12.5 million and $14.7 million at January 31, 2012 and April 30, 2011, respectively, related to our standard guarantee which is included with our standard tax preparation services. The following table summarizes certain of our other contractual obligations and commitments:
|  | (in 000s)
As of | January 31, 2012 | April 30, 2011
Franchise Equity Lines of Credit – undrawn commitment | $ 22,209 | $ 37,695
Media advertising purchase obligation | 5,714 | 9,498
We have recorded liabilities totaling $8.2 million and $11.0 million as of January 31, 2012 and April 30, 2011, respectively, in conjunction with contingent payments related to recent acquisitions of our continuing operations, with the short-term amount recorded in accounts payable, accrued expenses and deposits and the long-term portion included in other noncurrent liabilities. Our estimate is based on current financial conditions. Should actual results differ materially from our assumptions, the potential payments will differ from the above estimate. We routinely enter into contracts that include embedded indemnifications that have characteristics similar to guarantees. Guarantees and indemnifications of the Company and its subsidiaries include obligations to protect counterparties from losses arising from the following: (1) tax, legal and other risks related to the purchase or disposition of businesses; (2) penalties and interest assessed by federal and state taxing authorities in connection with tax returns prepared for clients; (3) indemnification of our directors and officers; and (4) third-party claims relating to various arrangements in the normal course of business. Typically, there is no stated maximum payment related to these indemnifications, and the terms of the indemnities may vary and in many cases are limited only by the applicable statute of limitations. The likelihood of any claims being asserted against us and the ultimate liability related to any such claims, if any, is difficult to predict. While we cannot provide assurance we will ultimately prevail in the event any such claims are asserted, we believe the fair value of guarantees and indemnifications relating to our continuing operations is not material as of January 31, 2012. Variable Interests We evaluated our financial interests in variable interest entities (VIEs) as of January 31, 2012 and determined that, other than the changes related to the sale of RSM, there have been no significant changes related to those financial interests. Discontinued Operations – Representation and Warranty Obligations SCC ceased originating mortgage loans in December 2007 and, in April 2008, sold its servicing assets and discontinued its remaining operations. The sale of servicing assets did not include the sale of any mortgage loans. In connection with the sale of loans and/or residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS), SCC made certain representations and warranties, including, but not limited to, representations relating to matters such as ownership of the loan, validity of the lien securing the loan, borrower fraud and the loan's compliance with SCC's underwriting criteria. Representations and warranties related to borrower fraud in whole loan sale transactions to institutional investors, which represented approximately 68% of the disposal of originated loans, included a "knowledge qualifier" which limits SCC's liability to those instances where SCC had knowledge of the fraud at the time the loans were sold. Representations and warranties made in other sale transactions did not include a knowledge qualifier. In the event that there is a breach of a representation and warranty and such breach materially and adversely affects the value of a mortgage loan or a securitization insurer's or bondholders' interest in the mortgage loan, SCC may be obligated to repurchase the loan or otherwise indemnify certain parties for losses incurred in connection with loan liquidation. Generally, repurchase requests are not subject to a stated term, but actions to enforce a repurchase obligation would be subject to the applicable statutes of limitations. Representation and warranty claims received by SCC have primarily related to alleged breaches of representations and warranties related to a loan's compliance with the underwriting standards established by SCC at origination and borrower fraud. Claims received since May 1, 2008 are as follows:
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (in millions)
| Fiscal Year | Fiscal Year 2010 | Fiscal Year 2011 | Fiscal Year 2012 |
| 2009 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Total
Loan Origination Year: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2005 | $ 62 | $ — | $ 15 | $ — | $ — | $ 6 | $ 1 | $ — | $ 1 | $ — | $ — | $ 4 | $ 89
2006 | 217 | 2 | 57 | 4 | 45 | 100 | 15 | 29 | 50 | 29 | 130 | 29 | 707
2007 | 153 | 4 | 11 | 7 | — | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 353 | 2 | 548
Total | $ 432 | $ 6 | $ 83 | $ 11 | $ 45 | $ 109 | $ 21 | $ 33 | $ 55 | $ 31 | $ 483 | $ 35 | $ 1,344
Note: The table above excludes amounts related to an indemnity agreement dated April 2008, which is discussed below. SCC received $35 million in claims in the third quarter of fiscal year 2012, most of which were asserted by a private-label securitization trustee on behalf of bondholders ($29 million) with the remainder asserted by monoline insurers ($6 million). The nature of the claims and the characteristics of the loans to which they relate, including loan vintage, loan performance characteristics, and alleged breaches of representations and warranties, are generally consistent with claims received in prior periods. The amount of claims received varies from period to period, and these variances have been and are expected to continue to fluctuate substantially. Although there is no certainty regarding future claims volume, expiring statutes of limitations and developments in securities litigation and other proceedings to which we are not a party could impact claim volumes during upcoming periods. SCC believes that claim volumes fluctuate in relation to the volume of requests from third parties for access to loan files managed by the party that services the majority of the outstanding SCC-originated loans. SCC and the servicer are currently in a legal dispute over the manner in which the servicer provides that access and the results of the dispute could impact the loan file access of third parties. For claims received, reviewed and determined to be valid or otherwise settled, SCC has complied with its obligations by either repurchasing the mortgage loans or related collateral, reimbursing losses in connection with liquidated collateral, or reaching other settlements. Since May 2008, SCC has denied approximately 88% of all claims reviewed, excluding loans covered by other settlements. Of claims determined to be valid, approximately 22% resulted in loan repurchases and 78% resulted in reimbursement or settlement payments. Losses on loan repurchase, indemnification and settlement payments totaled approximately $120 million for the period May 1, 2008 through January 31, 2012. Loss severity rates on repurchases and indemnification have approximated 59% and SCC has not observed any material trends related to average losses. Repurchased loans are considered held for sale and are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The net balance of all mortgage loans held for sale by SCC was $10.6 million at January 31, 2012. SCC generally has 60 to 120 days to respond to representation and warranty claims and performs a loan-by-loan review of all claims during this time. During the current quarter, SCC completed its review of prior period claims with an approximate principal balance of $220 million. Claims determined to be valid during the current quarter have estimated losses of $1.2 million. Payments related to these claims remained pending at January 31, 2012. Counterparties are able to reassert claims that SCC has denied. Claims totaling approximately $399 million remained subject to review as of January 31, 2012. As of January 31, 2012, approximately $79 million of claims under review represent a reassertion of previously denied claims. All claims asserted against SCC since May 1, 2008 relate to loans originated during calendar years 2005 through 2007, of which, approximately 90% relate to loans originated in calendar years 2006 and 2007. During calendar years 2005 through 2007, SCC originated approximately $84 billion in loans, of which less than 1% were sold directly to government sponsored entities. Government sponsored entities also purchased bonds backed by SCC-originated mortgage loans and, with respect to these bonds, have the same rights as other bondholders in private label securitizations. SCC is not subject to representation and warranty losses on loans that have been paid in full, repurchased, or were sold without recourse. The majority of claims asserted since May 1, 2008 determined by SCC to represent a valid breach of its representations and warranties, relate to loans that became delinquent within the first two years following the origination of the mortgage loan. Based on its experiences to date, SCC believes the longer a loan performs prior to an event of default, the less likely the default will be related to a breach of a representation and warranty. A loan that defaults within the first two years following the origination of the mortgage loan does not necessarily default due to a breach of a representation and warranty. Loans originated in 2005, 2006 and 2007 that defaulted in the first two years totaled $4.0 billion, $6.3 billion and $2.9 billion, respectively. SCC estimates losses relating to representation and warranty claims by estimating loan repurchase and indemnification obligations based on historical validity and severity rates on both known claims and projections of future claims. Projections of future claims are based on an analysis that includes a review of the terms and provisions of related agreements, the historical experience under repurchase and indemnification obligations related to breaches of representations and warranties and third-party activity, which includes inquiries from various third-parties, loan file access by third parties, and repurchase demands. SCC's methodology for calculating this liability also includes an assessment of the probability that individual counterparties (private label securitization trustees on behalf of bondholders, monoline insurers and whole-loan purchasers) will assert future claims. SCC has recorded a liability for estimated contingent losses related to representation and warranty claims as of January 31, 2012 of $142.9 million, which represents SCC's estimate of the probable loss that may occur. Although SCC reviewed claims during the quarter that were deemed valid, payments related to those claims were still pending as of January 31, 2012. As such, the balance of the recorded liability at January 31, 2012 remained unchanged from the preceding quarter. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2012, SCC observed substantially increased third-party activity. As a result of this third-party activity, SCC's estimate of probable claims increased from its prior expectations and accordingly, it recorded an additional loss provision at the end of the second quarter. In the third quarter of fiscal year 2012, third-party activity decreased relative to the second quarter. During the prior fiscal year, SCC made payments totaling $49.8 million under an indemnity agreement dated April 2008 with a specific counterparty in exchange for a full and complete release of such party's ability to assert representation and warranty claims. The indemnity agreement was given as part of obtaining the counterparty's consent to SCC's sale of its mortgage servicing business in 2008. SCC has no remaining payment obligations under this indemnity agreement. The recorded liability represents SCC's estimate of losses from future representation and warranty claims where assertion of a claim and a related contingent loss are both determined to be probable. Because the rate at which future claims may be determined to be valid and actual loss severity rates may differ significantly from historical experience, SCC is not able to estimate reasonably possible loss outcomes in excess of its current accrual. A 1% increase in both assumed validity rates and loss severities would result in losses beyond SCC's accrual of approximately $22 million. This sensitivity is hypothetical and is intended to provide an indication of the impact of a change in key assumptions on the representations and warranties liability. In reality, changes in one assumption may result in changes in other assumptions, which could affect the sensitivity and the amount of losses. While SCC uses what it believes to be the best information available to it in estimating its liability, assessing the likelihood that claims will be asserted in the future and estimating probable losses are inherently subjective and require considerable management judgment. To the extent that the volume of asserted claims, the level of valid claims, the counterparties asserting claims, the nature of claims, or the value of residential home prices, among other factors, differ in the future from current estimates, future losses may be greater than the current estimates and those differences may be significant. A rollforward of our liability for losses on repurchases for the nine months ended January 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
|  | (in 000s)
Nine months ended January 31, | 2012 | 2011
Balance at beginning of period: |  |
Amount related to repurchase and indemnifications | $ 126,260 | $ 138,415
Amount related to indemnity agreement dated April 2008 | — | 49,785
| 126,260 | 188,200
Changes: |  |
Provision for estimated losses | 20,000 | —
Losses on repurchase and indemnifications | (3,337 ) | (7,652 )
Payments under indemnity agreement dated April 2008 | — | (25,562 )
Balance at end of period: |  |
Amount related to repurchase and indemnifications | 142,923 | 130,763
Amount related to indemnity agreement dated April 2008 | — | 24,223
| $ 142,923 | $ 154,986
Discontinued Operations – Indemnification Obligations SCC may also have indemnification obligations with respect to loans and securities it originated and sold, as discussed in note 14. See discussion in note 13 below for indemnification obligations related to the sales of RSM and MCM.

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