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Financial liabilities (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Disclosure of financial liabilities [abstract]  
Disclosure of financial liabilities breakdown Financial liabilities break down as follows:
 
(amounts in thousands of euros)
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 
AS OF
DECEMBER 31,
2023
AS OF
DECEMBER 31,
2024
AS OF
DECEMBER 31,
2025
Kreos & Claret bond loans
26,373
Lease liabilities
160
1,431
554
PGE
2,402
1,252
Borrowings
2,563
29,056
554
Kreos & Claret convertible notes (OCABSA)
21,643
23,370
Convertible loan notes
21,643
23,370
Kreos & Claret minimal return indemnifications
3,620
Derivative instruments
3,620
Conditional advances Bpifrance
3,262
Royalty certificates
12,229
13,023
30,237
Other financial liabilities
15,491
13,023
30,237
Total non-current financial liabilities
39,697
69,069
30,790
Kreos & Claret bond loans
20,028
Lease liabilities
379
932
1,302
PGE
1,276
1,235
Borrowings
1,655
22,195
1,302
Heights convertible notes
29,605
21,574
Convertible loan notes
29,605
21,574
Conditional advances Bpifrance
3,509
Other financial liabilities
3,509
Kreos & Claret BSA
2,579
1,166
Derivative instruments
2,579
1,166
Total current financial liabilities
37,348
44,935
1,302
Total financial liabilities
77,045
114,004
32,093
Disclosure of main data and assumptions used for the measurement of other equity instruments The fair value of the BSAs was determined at grant date using the Black Scholes model, with the following assumptions:
TYPE
FAIR VALUE
OF THE
UNDERLYING
SHARE
FAIR VALUE
OF THE BSA
NUMBER OF
BSAs
SUBSCRIPTI
ON PRICE
STRIKE
PRICE PER
SHARE
RISK FREE
RATE
EXPECTED
MATURITY
VOLATILITY
BSA 2024-1
€14.06
[€5.7-€6.5]
58,365
€2.57
€13.10
4.30%
[5.4-6.9 years]
60.41%
BSA 2024-2
€14.06
[€5.8-€6.6]
19,455
€2.57
€13.10
4.30%
[5.5-7.0 years]
60.41%
BSA-2025-1
€6.13
[€3.5-€3.9]
100,000
€2.00
€6.63
4.65%
[5.5-7.0 years]
60.88%
BSA-2025-2
€6.13
[€3.5-€3.9]
25,000
€2.00
€6.63
4.65%
[5.5-7.0 years]
60.88%
BSA-2025-3
€6.48
[€3.7-€4.1]
39,370
€1.27
€6.41
3.92%
[5.5- 7.0years]
60.69%
TYPE
FAIR VALUE OF
THE
UNDERLYING
SHARE
FAIR VALUE OF
THE AGA
AGA PRICE
MATURITY
VOLATILITY
RISK FREE RATE
AGA 2023-1
(Tranches 1-4)
€15.98
€15.98
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA 2023-1
(Tranche 5)
€15.98
€3.62
€0.00
2024-12-31
67.2%
3.20%
AGA 2023-1
(Tranche 6)
€15.98
€0.74
€0.00
2024-07-11
67.2%
3.20%
AGA 2023-2
(Tranche 1)
€15.98
€15.98
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA 2023-2
(Tranche 2)
€15.98
€9.59
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA 2023-3
€14.92
€14.92
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA 2023-4
€14.92
€14.92
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA 2023-5
€9.16
€9.16
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA 2024-1
€12.26
€12.26
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA 2024-2
€13.40
€13.40
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2024-3
€12.76
€12.76
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2024-4
€12.54
€12.54
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2024-5
€12.54
€12.54
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2024-6
€12.54
€12.54
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2024-7
€10.80
€10.80
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2025-1
€5.82
€5.82
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2025-2
€5.82
€5.82
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2025-3
€5.82
€5.82
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2025-4
€5.82
€5.82
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2025-5
€6.17
€6.17
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2025-6
€5.17
€5.17
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2025-7
€61.20
€61.20
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
AGA-2025-8
€89.40
€89.40
€0.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
The fair value of the Minimum Return Indemnifications was measured using the following assumptions:
Tranche B Minimum Return Indemnification (issued in March
2024)
AS OF MARCH 28, 2024
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2024
Final redemption scenario probability
95%
95%
Minimal return
1.40x
1.40x
Discount rate
13%
8%
Probability-weighted present value of shortfall payment (in
thousands of €)
1,959 (Final redemption)
68 (Tender offer)
2,635 (Final redemption)
136 (Tender offer)
Probability-weighted fair value of tranche A-B warrants with MRI
(in thousands of €)
1,066 (Final redemption)
104 (Final redemption)
Probability-weighted fair value of tranche A-B warrants without
MRI (in thousands of €)
1,410 (Final redemption)
241 (Final redemption)
Total fair value of MRI (in thousands of €)
1,615 (Final redemption, i.e. a+b-c)
68 (Tender offer)
2,499 (Final redemption, i.e. a+b-c)
136 (Tender offer)
Fair value of Tranche B MRI (in thousands of €)
1,683
2,636
Tranche C Minimum Return Indemnification (issued in June
2024)
AS OF JUNE 21, 2024
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2024
Final redemption scenario probability
95%
95%
Minimal return
1.30x
1.30x
Discount rate
15%
8%
(a) Probability-weighted present value of shortfall payment (in
thousands of €)
741 (Final redemption)
0 (Tender offer)
1,160 (Final redemption)
43 (Tender offer)
(b) Probability-weighted fair value of tranche C warrants with MRI
(in thousands of €)
2,948 (Final redemption)
684 (Final redemption)
(c) Probability-weighted fair value of tranche C warrants without
MRI (in thousands of €)
3,250 (Final redemption)
903 (Final redemption)
Total fair value of MRI (in thousands of €)
475 (Final redemption, i.e. a+b-c)
0 (Tender offer)
941 (Final redemption, i.e. a+b-c)
43 (Tender offer)
Fair value of Tranche C MRI (in thousands of €)
475
984
The
main data and assumptions are the following:
Kreos/Claret Tranche A-B BSA -
August 2023
AS OF AUGUST 22, 2023
(Tranche A-B)
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2023
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2024
Number of outstanding BSA
214,198
214,198
214,198
Exercise price per share
€18.67
€18.67
€18.67
Ordinary share price
€17.10
€9.82
€6.76
Exercise date
19/08/2030 (expiry) 18/02/2027
(tender offer)
19/08/2030 (expiry)
18/02/2027 (tender offer)
19/08/2030 (expiry)
18/02/2027 (tender offer)
7-year expiry scenario probability
50%
95%
95%
Volatility
71.9% (expiry)
65.2% (tender offer)
59.5% (expiry)
64.9% (tender offer)
44.3% (expiry)
44.3% (tender offer)
Dividend
%
%
%
Risk-free rate
3.00%
2.30%
2.9% (expiry)
2.9% (tender offer)
Fair value of issued Kreos/Claret
Tranche A-B BSA
2,092
920
243
Kreos/Claret Tranche C BSA -
November 2023
AS OF NOVEMBER 2, 2023
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2023
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2024
Number of outstanding BSA
405,832
405,832
405,832
of which, number of conditional BSA
202,915
202,916
0
Exercise price per share
€9.86
€9.86
€9.86
Ordinary share price
€8.89
€9.82
€6.67
Exercise date
01/11/2030 (expiry)
18/02/2027 (tender offer)
01/11/2030 (expiry)
18/02/2027 (tender offer)
01/11/2030 (expiry)
18/02/2027 (tender offer)
7-year expiry scenario probability
95%
95%
95%
Probability of Drawdown of Tranche C
credit facility
30%
30%
Drawn on June 21, 2024
Volatility
67.3% (expiry)
64.3% (tender offer)
67.4% (expiry)
64.9% (tender offer)
44.3% (expiry)
44.3% (tender offer)
Dividend
%
%
%
Risk-free rate
3.00%
2.30%
2.9% (expiry)
2.9% (tender offer)
Fair value of issued Kreos/Claret
Tranche C BSA
1,493
1,659
923
Disclosure of main data and assumptions used for the measurement of convertible loan notes The main data and assumptions are the following:
Heights convertible notes - August 2023
AS OF AUGUST 24, 2023
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2023
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2024
Number of outstanding notes
350
350
350
Original principal amount (in thousands of
€)
35,000
35,000
35,000
Interest rate
6%
6%
6%
Conversion price per share
€23.77
€23.77
€23.77
Ordinary share price
€16.74
€9.82
€6.76
Maturity date
24/08/2025 (put event) 24/08/2027
(HTM/voluntary conversion)
24/08/2025 (put event)
24/08/2027 (HTM/voluntary
conversion)
24/08/2025 (put event)
24/08/2027 (HTM/voluntary
conversion)
Held to maturity / voluntary conversion
scenario probability
75%
75%
75%
Initial price limit
€14.43
€14.43
€14.43
Early redemption amount (put event)
120%
120%
120%
Volatility
50%
50%
50%
Credit spread
20%
20%
25%
Risk-free rate
2.9%
2.3%
2.9%
Fair value of Heights convertible notes
(in thousands of €)
32,641
27,456
20,017
Disclosure of conditional advances Conditional advances as of December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:
 
(amounts in thousands of euros)
CONDITIONAL ADVANCES
AS OF
DECEMBER 31,
2023
AS OF
DECEMBER 31,
2024
AS OF
DECEMBER 31,
2025
RNP VIR – Bpifrance
4,232
CARENA – Bpifrance
2,485
EBOLA – Bpifrance
55
Total conditional advances
6,771
Disclosure of variation in lease liabilities The variations in lease liabilities are set forth below:
(amounts in thousands of euros)
LEASE LIABILITY
AS OF
JANUARY 1, 2023
1,384
(+) Increase
350
(-) Decrease
(1,194)
AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 2023
540
(+) Increase
2,221
(-) Decrease
(398)
AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 2024
2,363
(+) Increase
444
(-) Decrease
(950)
AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 2025
1,856
Disclosure of reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities Changes in financial liabilities, excluding derivative instruments, are presented below as of December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025:
(Amounts in thousands of euros)
FINANCIAL
LIABILITIES (excluding
derivatives instruments)
Kreos 1 & 2
bond loans
Oceane
Kreos/
Claret
convertible
notes
(OCABSA)
Kreos &
Claret bond
loans
Heights
convertible
notes
PGE
Conditional
advances
BPI
Lease
liabilities
Royalty
certificates
Total
AS OF
JANUARY 1, 2023
12,982
19,957
4,838
6,783
1,384
3,287
49,231
Proceeds
23,119
35,000
58,119
Repayments
(11,635)
(23,238)
(2,188)
(1,250)
(110)
(573)
(38,993)
Interest paid
(2,278)
(1,602)
(818)
(525)
(43)
(12)
(5,278)
Non-cash changes:
classification of embedded
derivatives as separate
derivative financial
instruments
(1,046)
(1,046)
Non-cash changes: (gain)/
loss on recognition or
derecognition
170
3,069
(212)
3,027
Non-cash changes: interest
expense and other
760
1,814
1,393
727
133
98
12
2,521
7,459
Non-cash changes:
recognition of earn-out
liability
(1,005)
(1,005)
(Amounts in thousands of euros)
FINANCIAL
LIABILITIES (excluding
derivatives instruments)
Kreos 1 & 2
bond loans
Oceane
Kreos/
Claret
convertible
notes
(OCABSA)
Kreos &
Claret bond
loans
Heights
convertible
notes
PGE
Conditional
advances
BPI
Lease
liabilities
Royalty
certificates
Total
Non-cash changes:
amortized cost
(543)
6,421
5,878
Non-cash changes: other
fair value remeasurement
(3,198)
(3,198)
Non cash changes:
additional leases
272
272
AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 2023
21,643
29,605
3,678
6,771
540
12,229
74,466
Proceeds
47,444
47,444
Repayments
(8,750)
(1,250)
(2,708)
(459)
(13,167)
Interest paid
(2,250)
(3,639)
(1,772)
(18)
(17)
(7,696)
Non-cash changes:
classification of embedded
(3,204)
(3,204)
Non-cash changes: (gain)/
loss on recognition or
(590)
(590)
Non-cash changes: interest
expense and other
3,977
5,800
1,714
77
7
61
4,198
15,834
Non-cash changes:
amortized cost
remeasurement
(3,404)
(3,404)
Non-cash changes: other
fair value remeasurement
1,367
1,367
Non-cash changes :
subsidies
(4,070)
(4,070)
Non cash changes:
additional leases
2,221
2,221
Non cash changes : Effect
of the change in foreign
17
17
AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 2024
23,370
46,401
21,574
2,488
2,363
13,023
109,218
Proceeds
Repayments
(53,920)
(2,188)
(2,514)
(910)
(59,532)
Interest paid
(1,875)
(3,791)
(689)
(72)
(64)
(6,491)
Non-cash changes: (gain)/
loss on recognition or
derecognition
3,838
(1,557)
2,281
Non-cash changes: interest
expense and other
2,860
7,472
778
99
64
5,927
17,200
Non-cash changes:
amortized cost
remeasurement
(7)
11,286
11,278
Non-cash changes: other
fair value remeasurement
36,002
36,002
Non-cash changes:
conversion into shares
(24,354)
(53,921)
(78,275)
Non cash changes:
additional leases
444
444
Non cash changes : Effect
of the change in foreign
currency exchange rates
(33)
(33)
AS OF DECEMBER 31,
2025
1,856
30,237
32,093
Disclosure of changes in derivative instruments Changes in derivative instruments, are presented below as of December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025 :
(amounts in thousands of
euros)
Kreos A BSA
Kreos B BSA
OCEANE
conversion option
Kreos/Claret BSA
Kreos/Claret
Minimal Return
Indemnifications
Total
DERIVATIVE
FINANCIAL
INSTRUMENTS
AS OF
JANUARY 1, 2023
275
149
142
566
(+) Issuance
3,585
3,585
(+) Increase in fair value
986
440
1,620
3,046
(-) Decrease in fair value
(1,006)
(1,006)
(-) Repurchases
(489)
(339)
(1,762)
(2,591)
(-) Exercises
(771)
(250)
(1,021)
AS OF DECEMBER 31,
2023
2,579
2,579
(+) Issuance
2,158
2,158
(+) Increase in fair value
1,462
1,462
(-) Decrease in fair value
(1,413)
(1,413)
AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 2024
1,166
3,620
4,786
(+) Increase in fair value
29,935
29,935
(-) Decrease in fair value
(3,620)
(3,620)
(-) Repurchases
(4,427)
(4,427)
(-) Exercises
(26,674)
(26,674)
AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 2025
Disclosure of remaining contractual maturities of derivative financial liabilities The following are the remaining contractual maturities of financial liabilities as of December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025. The amounts
are gross and undiscounted, and include contractual interest payments.
(amounts in thousands of euros)
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2023
CURRENT AND NON-CURRENT
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
GROSS
AMOUNT
CONTRACTUAL
CASH FLOWS
LESS THAN 1
YEAR
FROM 1 TO 2
YEARS
FROM 2 TO 5
YEARS
LONGER
THAN 5
YEARS
Heights convertible notes
29,605
36,750
10,522
9,997
16,231
Kreos/Claret convertible notes (OCABSA)
21,643
30,903
2,250
2,250
26,403
PGE
3,678
3,880
1,293
1,293
1,293
Conditional advances Bpifrance
6,771
6,813
3,697
1,490
1,626
Royalty certificates
12,229
Lease liabilities
540
575
406
162
7
Derivative instruments
2,579
2,579
2,579
Total financial liabilities
77,045
81,500
20,747
15,192
45,561
(amounts in thousands of euros)
AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 2024
CURRENT AND NON-CURRENT
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
GROSS
AMOUNT
CONTRACTUAL
CASH FLOWS
LESS THAN 1
YEAR
FROM 1 TO 2
YEARS
FROM 2 TO 5
YEARS
LONGER
THAN 5
YEARS
Heights convertible notes
21,574
24,063
8,750
8,750
6,563
Kreos/Claret convertible notes
(OCABSA)
23,370
30,653
2,250
19,943
8,460
Kreos/Claret bond loans
46,401
58,080
24,016
25,715
8,348
PGE
2,488
2,586
1,293
1,293
Royalty certificates (1)
13,023
Lease liabilities
2,363
2,512
993
996
516
7
Derivative instruments
4,786
4,786
1,166
3,620
Total financial liabilities
114,004
122,680
38,468
56,698
27,507
7
(amounts in thousands of euros)
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2025
CURRENT AND NON-CURRENT
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
GROSS
AMOUNT
CONTRACTUAL
CASH FLOWS
LESS THAN 1
YEAR
FROM 1 TO 2
YEARS
FROM 2 TO 5
YEARS
LONGER
THAN 5
YEARS
Royalty certificates
30,237
Lease liabilities
1,856
1,906
1,340
450
116
Total financial liabilities
32,093
1,906
1,340
450
116
Disclosure of remaining contractual maturities of non-derivative financial liabilities The following are the remaining contractual maturities of financial liabilities as of December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025. The amounts
are gross and undiscounted, and include contractual interest payments.
(amounts in thousands of euros)
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2023
CURRENT AND NON-CURRENT
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
GROSS
AMOUNT
CONTRACTUAL
CASH FLOWS
LESS THAN 1
YEAR
FROM 1 TO 2
YEARS
FROM 2 TO 5
YEARS
LONGER
THAN 5
YEARS
Heights convertible notes
29,605
36,750
10,522
9,997
16,231
Kreos/Claret convertible notes (OCABSA)
21,643
30,903
2,250
2,250
26,403
PGE
3,678
3,880
1,293
1,293
1,293
Conditional advances Bpifrance
6,771
6,813
3,697
1,490
1,626
Royalty certificates
12,229
Lease liabilities
540
575
406
162
7
Derivative instruments
2,579
2,579
2,579
Total financial liabilities
77,045
81,500
20,747
15,192
45,561
(amounts in thousands of euros)
AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 2024
CURRENT AND NON-CURRENT
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
GROSS
AMOUNT
CONTRACTUAL
CASH FLOWS
LESS THAN 1
YEAR
FROM 1 TO 2
YEARS
FROM 2 TO 5
YEARS
LONGER
THAN 5
YEARS
Heights convertible notes
21,574
24,063
8,750
8,750
6,563
Kreos/Claret convertible notes
(OCABSA)
23,370
30,653
2,250
19,943
8,460
Kreos/Claret bond loans
46,401
58,080
24,016
25,715
8,348
PGE
2,488
2,586
1,293
1,293
Royalty certificates (1)
13,023
Lease liabilities
2,363
2,512
993
996
516
7
Derivative instruments
4,786
4,786
1,166
3,620
Total financial liabilities
114,004
122,680
38,468
56,698
27,507
7
(amounts in thousands of euros)
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2025
CURRENT AND NON-CURRENT
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
GROSS
AMOUNT
CONTRACTUAL
CASH FLOWS
LESS THAN 1
YEAR
FROM 1 TO 2
YEARS
FROM 2 TO 5
YEARS
LONGER
THAN 5
YEARS
Royalty certificates
30,237
Lease liabilities
1,856
1,906
1,340
450
116
Total financial liabilities
32,093
1,906
1,340
450
116