REVENUE RECOGNITION

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2019

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

NOTE 5. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration received or expected to be received in exchange for those goods or services. The Company's performance obligations arise from (i) sales of steel products, ferrous and nonferrous scrap metals, and construction materials and (ii) services such as steel fabrication and installation. The shipment of products to customers is considered a fulfillment activity and amounts billed to customers for shipping and freight are included in net sales, and the related costs are included in cost of goods sold. Net sales is presented net of taxes.

In the Americas Mills, Americas Recycling, and International Mill segments, revenue is recognized at a point in time concurrent with the transfer of control, which usually occurs, depending on shipping terms, upon shipment or customer receipt.

In the Americas Fabrication segment, each contract represents a single performance obligation. Revenue is either recognized over time or equal to billing under an available practical expedient. When the Company provides fabricated product and installation services, revenue is recognized over time using an input method. For the three and nine months ended May 31, 2019, these contracts represent approximately 27% of net sales in the Americas Fabrication segment. For these contracts, the measure of progress is based on contract costs incurred to date compared to total estimated contract costs, which provides a reasonable depiction of the Company’s progress towards satisfaction of the performance obligation as there is a direct relationship between costs incurred by the Company and the transfer of the fabricated product and installation services. Revenue from contracts where the Company does not provide installation services is recognized over time using an output method. For the three and nine months ended May 31, 2019, these contracts represent approximately 19% and 22%, respectively, of total revenue in the Americas Fabrication segment. For these contracts, the Company uses tons shipped compared to total estimated tons, which provides a reasonable depiction of the transfer of contract value to the customer, as there is a direct relationship between the units shipped by the Company and the transfer of the fabricated product. Significant judgment is required to evaluate total estimated costs used in the input method and total estimated tons in the output method. If estimated total consolidated costs on any contract are greater than the net contract revenues, the Company recognizes the entire estimated loss in the period the loss becomes known. The cumulative effect of revisions to estimates related to net contract revenues, costs to complete, or total planned quantity is recorded in the period in which such revisions are identified. The Company does not exercise significant judgment in determining the transaction price. For the three and nine months ended May 31, 2019, the remaining 54% and 51%, respectively, of revenue in the Americas Fabrication segment is recognized as amounts are billed to the customer and control of the promised goods is transferred to the customer.

The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. The Company records an asset when revenue is recognized prior to invoicing and a liability when revenue is recognized subsequent to invoicing. Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although the Company generally requires customers to pay 30 days after the Company satisfies the performance obligations. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Company has determined the contracts do not include a significant financing component.

The following table provides information about assets and liabilities from contracts with customers.



(in thousands)	May 31, 2019		August 31, 2018
Contract assets (included in other current assets)	$	96,842	$	49,221
Contract liabilities (included in accrued expenses and other payables)	35,812		6,679

The majority of the increase in contract asset and liability balances was attributable to the acquisition of the Acquired Businesses. The entire contract liability as of August 31, 2018 was recognized as revenue during the nine months ended May 31, 2019.

Remaining Performance Obligations

As of May 31, 2019, a total of $853.1 million has been allocated to remaining performance obligations in the Americas Fabrication segment, excluding those contracts where revenue is recognized equal to billing under an available practical expedient. Of this amount, the Company estimates the remaining performance obligations will be recognized as revenue as follows: 40% in the first twelve months, 49% in the following twelve months, and 11% thereafter. The duration of contracts in the Americas Mills, Americas Recycling, and International Mill segments are typically less than one year.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following tables display revenue by reportable segment from external customers, disaggregated by major source. The Company believes disaggregating by these categories depicts how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.



	Three Months Ended May 31, 2019
(in thousands)	Americas Recycling		Americas Mills		Americas Fabrication		International Mill		Corporate and Other		Total
Steel products	$	238	$	501,925	$	554,672	$	199,431	$	—	$	1,256,266
Ferrous scrap	106,404		8,916		2		525		—		115,847
Nonferrous scrap	121,581		4,080		—		3,212		—		128,873
Construction materials	—		—		71,228		—		—		71,228
Other	563		21,114		3,608		5,854		2,519		33,658
Total	$	228,786	$	536,035	$	629,510	$	209,022	$	2,519	$	1,605,872

	Nine Months Ended May 31, 2019
(in thousands)	Americas Recycling		Americas Mills		Americas Fabrication		International Mill		Corporate and Other		Total
Steel products	$	679	$	1,294,217	$	1,392,442	$	584,735	$	—	$	3,272,073
Ferrous scrap	323,311		26,802		2		1,055		—		351,170
Nonferrous scrap	369,660		10,568		—		8,677		—		388,905
Construction materials	—		—		188,589		—		—		188,589
Other	1,205		50,914		9,713		16,173		7,255		85,260
Total	$	694,855	$	1,382,501	$	1,590,746	$	610,640	$	7,255	$	4,285,997



	Three Months Ended May 31, 2018*
(in thousands)	Americas Recycling		Americas Mills		Americas Fabrication		International Mill		Corporate and Other		Total
Steel products	$	319	$	305,390	$	303,363	$	193,114	$	—	$	802,186
Ferrous scrap	144,398		8,462		2		351		—		153,213
Nonferrous scrap	147,683		4,851		—		3,286		—		155,820
Construction materials	—		—		70,436		—		—		70,436
Other	279		13,756		1,382		4,687		2,725		22,829
Total	$	292,679	$	332,459	$	375,183	$	201,438	$	2,725	$	1,204,484

	Nine Months Ended May 31, 2018*
(in thousands)	Americas Recycling		Americas Mills		Americas Fabrication		International Mill		Corporate and Other		Total
Steel products	$	894	$	766,976	$	830,172	$	605,152	$	—	$	2,203,194
Ferrous scrap	383,358		24,605		2		970		—		408,935
Nonferrous scrap	447,060		12,734		—		10,427		—		470,221
Construction materials	—		—		180,641		—		—		180,641
Other	1,136		37,580		5,119		16,585		11,874		72,294
Total	$	832,448	$	841,895	$	1,015,934	$	633,134	$	11,874	$	3,335,285

_________________

* Prior period amounts have been reported under ASC 605.