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Table of Contents
United States
Securities and Exchange Commission
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 30, 2024
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___ to ___
Commission file number 0-20388
LITTELFUSE, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  | 36-3795742
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
8755 West Higgins Road |  |
Suite 500 |  |
Chicago | Illinois | 60631
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (ZIP Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 773-628-1000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class |  | Trading Symbol |  | Name of exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value |  | LFUS |  | NASDAQ | Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [X] No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one): Large accelerated filer [X] Accelerated filer [ ] Non-accelerated filer [ ] Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. Yes [ ] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No [X]
As of April 26, 2024, the registrant had outstanding 24,784,449 shares of Common Stock, net of Treasury Shares.

Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS

| Page
PART I | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 30, 2024 (unaudited) and December 30, 2023 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income for the three months ended March 30, 2024 (unaudited) and April 01, 2023 (unaudited) | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 30, 2024 (unaudited) and April 01, 2023 (unaudited) | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 30, 2024 (unaudited) and April 01, 2023 (unaudited) | 6
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the three months ended March 30, 2024 (unaudited) and April 01, 2023 (unaudited) | 7
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) | 8
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 27
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 35
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 35
PART II | OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 35
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 35
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 36
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 36
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 36
Item 5. | Other Information | 37
Item 6. | Exhibits | 37
Signatures | 38

2

Table of Contents
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
LITTELFUSE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

|  | (Unaudited) |  |
(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023
ASSETS |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 1) |  | $ | 562,153 |  |  | $ | 555,513 |
Short-term investments |  | 231 |  |  | 235 |
Trade receivables, less allowances of $76,496 and $84,696 at March 30, 2024 and December 30, 2023, respectively |  | 295,876 |  |  | 287,018 |
Inventories (Note 3) |  | 456,135 |  |  | 474,607 |
Prepaid income taxes and income taxes receivable |  | 8,574 |  |  | 8,701 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | 121,142 |  |  | 82,526 |
Total current assets |  | 1,444,111 |  |  | 1,408,600 |
Net property, plant, and equipment (Note 4) |  | 479,435 |  |  | 493,153 |
Intangible assets, net of amortization (Note 5) |  | 584,631 |  |  | 606,136 |
Goodwill (Note 5) |  | 1,294,737 |  |  | 1,309,998 |
Investments |  | 24,204 |  |  | 24,821 |
Deferred income taxes |  | 10,798 |  |  | 10,486 |
Right of use lease assets |  | 63,718 |  |  | 62,370 |
Other long-term assets |  | 41,827 |  |  | 79,711 |
Total assets |  | $ | 3,943,461 |  |  | $ | 3,995,275 |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 172,809 |  |  | $ | 173,535 |
Accrued liabilities (Note 6) |  | 124,288 |  |  | 149,214 |
Accrued income taxes |  | 42,051 |  |  | 38,725 |
Current portion of long-term debt (Note 8) |  | 65,824 |  |  | 14,020 |
Total current liabilities |  | 404,972 |  |  | 375,494 |
Long-term debt, less current portion (Note 8) |  | 800,849 |  |  | 857,915 |
Deferred income taxes |  | 100,755 |  |  | 110,820 |
Accrued post-retirement benefits |  | 34,049 |  |  | 34,422 |
Non-current lease liabilities |  | 50,791 |  |  | 49,472 |
Other long-term liabilities |  | 80,752 |  |  | 86,671 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 1,472,168 |  |  | $ | 1,514,794 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) |  |  |  |
Shareholders’ equity: |  |  |  |
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share: 34,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued, March 30, 2024–26,634,597; December 30, 2023–26,624,071 |  | 262 |  |  | 262 |
Additional paid-in capital |  | 1,017,311 |  |  | 1,012,325 |
Treasury stock, at cost: 1,781,633 and 1,711,290 shares, respectively |  | (275,398) |  |  | (259,263) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | (86,108) |  |  | (55,817) |
Retained earnings |  | 1,814,916 |  |  | 1,782,662 |
Littelfuse, Inc. shareholders’ equity |  | 2,470,983 |  |  | 2,480,169 |
Non-controlling interest |  | 310 |  |  | 312 |
Total equity |  | 2,471,293 |  |  | 2,480,481 |
Total liabilities and equity |  | $ | 3,943,461 |  |  | $ | 3,995,275 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3

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LITTELFUSE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF NET INCOME
(Unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended |  |
(in thousands, except per share data) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 535,385 |  |  | $ | 609,782 |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales |  | 347,577 |  |  | 364,825 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | 187,808 |  |  | 244,957 |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general, and administrative expenses |  | 86,127 |  |  | 88,310 |  |  |  |  |
Research and development expenses |  | 27,667 |  |  | 27,290 |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangibles |  | 15,825 |  |  | 16,866 |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring, impairment, and other charges |  | 3,237 |  |  | 1,850 |  |  |  |  |
Total operating expenses |  | 132,856 |  |  | 134,316 |  |  |  |  |
Operating income |  | 54,952 |  |  | 110,641 |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  | 9,611 |  |  | 9,646 |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange gain |  | (5,042) |  |  | (1,675) |  |  |  |  |
Other income, net |  | (5,321) |  |  | (6,233) |  |  |  |  |
Income before income taxes |  | 55,704 |  |  | 108,903 |  |  |  |  |
Income taxes |  | 7,252 |  |  | 20,158 |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 48,452 |  |  | $ | 88,745 |  |  |  |  |
Earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 1.95 |  |  | $ | 3.58 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted |  | $ | 1.93 |  |  | $ | 3.54 |  |  |  |  |
Weighted-average shares and equivalent shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | 24,911 |  |  | 24,782 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted |  | 25,124 |  |  | 25,062 |  |  |  |  |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4

Table of Contents
LITTELFUSE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended |  |
(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 48,452 |  |  | $ | 88,745 |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Defined benefit pension plan and other adjustments, net of tax |  | 344 |  |  | 6 |  |  |  |  |
Cash flow hedge, net of tax |  | 1,926 |  |  | (2,518) |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | (32,561) |  |  | 15,795 |  |  |  |  |
Comprehensive income |  | $ | 18,161 |  |  | $ | 102,028 |  |  |  |  |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5

Table of Contents
LITTELFUSE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended
(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | April 1, 2023
OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 48,452 |  |  | $ | 88,745 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |
Depreciation |  | 16,668 |  |  | 17,616 |
Amortization of intangibles |  | 15,825 |  |  | 16,866 |
Deferred revenue |  | (918) |  |  | 639 |
Impairment charges |  | 933 |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation |  | 3,617 |  |  | 3,730 |
Loss (gain) on investments and other assets |  | 379 |  |  | (1,779) |
Deferred income taxes |  | (8,811) |  |  | 1,624 |
Other |  | 1,036 |  |  | (6,138) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |
Trade receivables |  | (12,723) |  |  | (13,176) |
Inventories |  | 16,179 |  |  | (1,535) |
Accounts payable |  | 345 |  |  | (16,246) |
Accrued liabilities and income taxes |  | (28,042) |  |  | (43,578) |
Prepaid expenses and other assets |  | 4,210 |  |  | 6,639 |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | 57,150 |  |  | 53,407 |
INVESTING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired |  | — |  |  | (158,260) |
Purchases of property, plant, and equipment |  | (15,547) |  |  | (25,665) |
Net proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment, and other |  | 7,064 |  |  | 737 |
Net cash used in investing activities |  | (8,483) |  |  | (183,188) |
FINANCING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |
Repayments of other debts |  | (678) |  |  | (668) |
Payments of term loan |  | (1,875) |  |  | (1,875) |
Net proceeds related to stock-based award activities |  | 1,364 |  |  | 5,219 |
Repurchases of common stock |  | (16,131) |  |  | — |
Cash dividends paid |  | (16,200) |  |  | (14,880) |
Net cash used in financing activities |  | (33,520) |  |  | (12,204) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash |  | (8,550) |  |  | 4,571 |
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash |  | 6,597 |  |  | (137,414) |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period |  | 557,123 |  |  | 564,939 |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period |  | $ | 563,720 |  |  | $ | 427,525 |
Supplementary Cash Flow Information |  |  |  |
Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents: |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 562,153 |  |  | $ | 425,127 |
Restricted cash included in prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 812 |
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets |  | $ | 1,567 |  |  | $ | 1,586 |
Cash paid during the period for interest |  | $ | 13,235 |  |  | $ | 11,027 |
Capital expenditures, not yet paid |  | $ | 9,968 |  |  | $ | 7,523 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
6

Table of Contents
LITTELFUSE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Unaudited)

| Littelfuse, Inc. Shareholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except share and per share data) | Common Stock |  | Addl. Paid in Capital |  | Treasury Stock |  | Accum. Other Comp. Loss |  | Retained Earnings |  | Non-controlling Interest |  | Total
Balance at December 30, 2023 | $ | 262 |  |  | $ | 1,012,325 |  |  | $ | (259,263) |  |  | $ | (55,817) |  |  | $ | 1,782,662 |  |  | $ | 312 |  |  | $ | 2,480,481 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 48,452 |  |  | — |  |  | 48,452 |
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (30,291) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (30,291) |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | 3,617 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,617 |
Non-controlling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | (2) |  |  | — |
Withheld shares on restricted share units for withholding taxes | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4) |
Stock options exercised | — |  |  | 1,369 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,369 |
Repurchases of common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16,131) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16,131) |
Cash dividends paid ($0.65 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16,200) |  |  | — |  |  | (16,200) |
Balance at March 30, 2024 | $ | 262 |  |  | $ | 1,017,311 |  |  | $ | (275,398) |  |  | $ | (86,108) |  |  | $ | 1,814,916 |  |  | $ | 310 |  |  | $ | 2,471,293 |

| Littelfuse, Inc. Shareholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except share and per share data) | Common Stock |  | Addl. Paid in Capital |  | Treasury Stock |  | Accum. Other Comp. (Loss) Income |  | Retained Earnings |  | Non-controlling Interest |  | Total
Balance at December 31, 2022 | $ | 261 |  |  | $ | 974,097 |  |  | $ | (252,866) |  |  | $ | (95,764) |  |  | $ | 1,585,466 |  |  | $ | 184 |  |  | $ | 2,211,378 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 88,745 |  |  | — |  |  | 88,745 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,283 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,283 |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | 3,730 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,730 |
Non-controlling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (66) |  |  | 66 |  |  | — |
Withheld shares on restricted share units for withholding taxes | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18) |
Stock options exercised | — |  |  | 5,238 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,238 |
Cash dividends paid ($0.60 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14,880) |  |  | — |  |  | (14,880) |
Balance at April 1, 2023 | $ | 261 |  |  | $ | 983,065 |  |  | $ | (252,884) |  |  | $ | (82,481) |  |  | $ | 1,659,265 |  |  | $ | 250 |  |  | $ | 2,307,476 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
7

Table of Contents
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Other Information
Nature of Operations
Founded in 1927, Littelfuse is a diversified, industrial technology manufacturing company empowering a sustainable, connected, and safer world. Across more than 20 countries, and with approximately 16,000 global associates, the Company partners with customers to design and deliver innovative, reliable solutions. Serving over 100,000 end customers, the Company’s products are found in a variety of industrial, transportation and electronics end markets – everywhere, every day.
Basis of Presentation
The Company’s accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and disclosures normally included in the consolidated balance sheets, statements of net income and comprehensive income, statements of cash flows, and statements of stockholders' equity prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted as permitted by such rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures made are adequate to make the information not misleading. They have been prepared in accordance with accounting policies described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2023, which should be read in conjunction with the disclosures therein. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included and are of a normal, recurring nature. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of annual operating results.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Disaggregation
The following tables disaggregate the Company’s revenue by primary business units for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023:

|  | Three Months Ended March 30, 2024 |  |
(in thousands) |  | Electronics Segment |  | Transportation Segment |  | Industrial Segment |  | Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electronics – Semiconductor |  | $ | 157,871 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 157,871 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electronics – Passive Products and Sensors |  | 133,234 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 133,234 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial Vehicle Products |  | — |  |  | 79,514 |  |  | — |  |  | 79,514 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Passenger Car Products |  | — |  |  | 70,262 |  |  | — |  |  | 70,262 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Automotive Sensors |  | — |  |  | 20,591 |  |  | — |  |  | 20,591 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Industrial Products |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 73,913 |  |  | 73,913 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 291,105 |  |  | $ | 170,367 |  |  | $ | 73,913 |  |  | $ | 535,385 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

|  | Three Months Ended April 1, 2023 |  |
(in thousands) |  | Electronics Segment |  | Transportation Segment |  | Industrial Segment |  | Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electronics – Semiconductor |  | $ | 209,995 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 209,995 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electronics – Passive Products and Sensors |  | 148,598 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 148,598 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial Vehicle Products |  | — |  |  | 84,146 |  |  | — |  |  | 84,146 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Passenger Car Products |  | — |  |  | 61,697 |  |  | — |  |  | 61,697 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Automotive Sensors |  | — |  |  | 20,798 |  |  | — |  |  | 20,798 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Industrial Products |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 84,548 |  |  | 84,548 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 358,593 |  |  | $ | 166,641 |  |  | $ | 84,548 |  |  | $ | 609,782 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

See Note 14, Segment Information, for net sales by segment and countries.
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Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue on product sales in the period in which the Company satisfies its performance obligation and control of the product is transferred to the customer. The Company’s sales arrangements with customers are predominately short term in nature and generally provide for transfer of control at the time of shipment as this is the point at which title and risk of loss of the product transfers to the customer. At the end of each period, for those shipments where title to the products and the risk of loss and rewards of ownership do not transfer until the product has been received by the customer, the Company adjusts revenues and cost of sales for the delay between the time that the products are shipped and when they are received by the customer. The amount of revenue recorded reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for goods and may include adjustments for customer allowances, rebates and price adjustments. The Company’s distribution channels are primarily through direct sales and independent third-party distributors.
The Company has elected the practical expedient under Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 340-40-25-4 to expense commissions when incurred as the amortization period of the commission asset the Company would have otherwise recognized is less than one year.
Revenue and Billing
The Company generally accepts orders from customers through receipt of purchase orders or electronic data interchange based on written sales agreements and purchasing contracts. Contract pricing and selling agreement terms are based on market factors, costs, and competition. Pricing is often negotiated as an adjustment (premium or discount) from the Company’s published price lists. The customer is invoiced when the Company’s products are shipped to them in accordance with the terms of the sales agreement. As the Company’s standard payment terms are less than one year, the Company elected the practical expedient under ASC 606-10-32-18 to not assess whether a contract has a significant financing component. The Company also elected the practical expedient provided in ASC 606-10-25-18B to treat all product shipping and handling activities as fulfillment activities, and therefore recognize the gross revenue associated with the contract, inclusive of any shipping and handling revenue.
Ship and Debit Program
Some of the terms of the Company’s sales agreements and normal business conditions provide customers (distributors) the ability to receive price adjustments on products previously shipped and invoiced. This practice is common in the industry and is referred to as a “ship and debit” program. This program allows the distributor to debit the Company for the difference between the distributors’ contracted price and a lower price for specific transactions. Under certain circumstances (usually in a competitive situation or large volume opportunity), a distributor will request authorization for pricing allowances to reduce its price. When the Company approves such a reduction, the distributor is authorized to “debit” its account for the difference between the contracted price and the lower approved price. The Company establishes reserves for this program based on historical activity, distributor inventory levels and actual authorizations for the debit and recognizes these debits as a reduction of revenue.
Return to Stock
The Company has a return to stock policy whereby certain customers, with prior authorization from the Company's management, can return previously purchased goods for full or partial credit. The Company establishes an estimated allowance for these returns based on historical activity. Sales revenue and cost of sales are reduced to anticipate estimated returns.
Volume Rebates
The Company offers volume based sales incentives to certain customers to encourage greater product sales. If customers achieve their specific quarterly or annual sales targets, they are entitled to rebates. The Company estimates the projected amount of rebates that will be achieved by the customer and recognizes this estimated cost as a reduction to revenue as products are sold.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at March 30, 2024 and December 30, 2023 reported within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
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(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 562,153 |  |  | $ | 555,513 |
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets |  | 1,567 |  |  | 1,610 |
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash |  | $ | 563,720 |  |  | $ | 557,123 |

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In March 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Updates ("ASU")ASU No. 2023-01, "Leases (Topic 842): Common Control Arrangements". The standard requires that leasehold improvements associated with common control leases be: 1) Amortized by the lessee over the useful life of the leasehold improvements to the common control group (regardless of the lease term) as long as the lessee controls the use of the underlying asset (the leased asset) through a lease. However, if the lessor obtained the right to control the use of the underlying asset through a lease with another entity not within the same common control group, the amortization period may not exceed the amortization period of the common control group. 2) Accounted for as a transfer between entities under common control through an adjustment to equity (or net assets for not-for-profit entities) if, and when, the lessee no longer controls the use of the underlying asset. Additionally, those leasehold improvements are subject to the impairment guidance in Topic 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2023-01 did not have a material impact on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In March 2024, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued a final rule that requires registrants to provide climate disclosures in annual reports and registration statements. The climate-related final rule requires disclosures in the footnotes to the financial statements, including: 1) specified financial statement effects of severe weather events and other natural conditions, 2) certain carbon offsets and renewable energy credits or certificates if used as a material component of a registrant's plans to achieve its disclosed climate-related targets or goals, 3) material impacts on financial estimates and assumptions in the financial statements if they would materially impacted by risks and uncertainties associated with severe weather events and other natural conditions, previously disclosed climate-related targets, and transition plans. The financial statement disclosure requirements are effective beginning with annual reports for the fiscal year beginning in calendar year 2025, for the Company as a large accelerated filer. These disclosures will be subject to existing audit requirement for financial statements. On April 4, 2024, the SEC chose to stay its climate disclosure rules pending judicial review. The adoption of this rule will increase the Company's disclosures in its Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company is currently evaluating and is in the process of performing its initial assessment of the potential impact on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures". The amendments in this update provide more transparency about income tax information through improvements to the income tax disclosure primarily related to the income tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. These requirements include: (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The other amendments in this update improve the effectiveness and comparability of disclosures by (3) adding disclosures of pretax income (or loss) and income tax expense (or benefit), and (4) removing disclosures that are no longer considered cost beneficial or relevant. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this guidance will modify the Company's disclosures in its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures". The amendments in this update require additional detailed and enhanced information about reportable segments' expense, including significant segment expenses and other segment items that bridge segment revenue, significant expenses to segment profit or loss. The ASU also requires disclosure of the title and position of the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) on annual basis as well as an explanation of how CODM uses the reported measures and other disclosures. The amendments in this update do not change how a public entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates those operating segments, or applies the quantitative thresholds to determine its reportable segments. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this guidance will modify the Company's disclosures in its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-06, "Disclosure Improvements". The amendments in this update represent changes to clarify or improve the disclosure or presentation requirements of a variety of Topics in the ASC. The Company may be affected by one or more of those amendments. The amendments in this ASU should be applied prospectively and will not be
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effective until June 30, 2027. The company is currently evaluating the potential effects of these amendments on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
2. Acquisitions
The Company accounts for acquisitions using the acquisition method in accordance with ASC 805, “Business Combinations,” in which assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at fair value as of the date of acquisition. The operating results of the acquired business are included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements from the date of the acquisition.
Dortmund Fab
On June 28, 2023, the Company entered into a definitive purchase agreement to acquire a 200mm wafer fab located in Dortmund, Germany (“Dortmund Fab”) from Elmos Semiconductor SE. The acquisition of the Dortmund Fab is expected to close in early fiscal year 2025. The total purchase price for the Dortmund Fab is approximately 93 million Euro, of which 37.2 million Euro down payment (approximately $40.5 million) recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets was paid in the third quarter of 2023 after regulatory approvals and approximately 56 million Euro will be paid at closing. The transaction is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s fiscal year 2024 financial results and will be reported in the Electronics-Semiconductor business within the Company’s Electronics segment.
Western Automation
On February 3, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Western Automation Research and Development Limited (“Western Automation”) for approximately $162 million in cash. Headquartered in Galway, Ireland, Western Automation is a designer and manufacturer of electrical shock protection devices used across a broad range of high-growth end markets, including e-Mobility off-board charging infrastructure, industrial safety and renewables. At the time the Company and Western Automation entered into the definitive agreement, Western Automation had annualized sales of approximately $25 million. The business is reported within the Company’s Industrial segment.
The acquisition was funded with cash on hand. The total purchase consideration of $158.3 million, net of cash acquired, has been allocated to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as of the completion of the acquisition, based on estimated fair values.
The following table summarizes the final purchase price allocation of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Western Automation acquisition:

(in thousands) | Purchase Price Allocation
Total purchase consideration: |
Cash, net of cash acquired | $ | 158,260 |
Allocation of consideration to assets acquired and liabilities assumed: |
Trade receivables | 3,359 |
Inventories | 3,678 |
Other current assets | 718 |
Property, plant, and equipment | 1,328 |
Intangible assets | 68,000 |
Goodwill | 93,937 |
Other long-term assets | 573 |
Current liabilities | (4,335) |
Other long-term liabilities | (8,998) |
| $ | 158,260 |

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All Western Automation assets and liabilities were recorded in the Industrial segment and are primarily reflected in the Europe geographic area. The goodwill resulting from this acquisition consists largely of the Company’s expected future product sales and synergies from combining Western Automation’s products and technology with the Company’s existing Industrial products portfolio. Goodwill resulting from the Western Automation acquisition is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes.
During the three months ended April 1, 2023, the Company incurred approximately $1.4 million of legal and professional fees related to the Western Automation acquisition recognized as Selling, general, and administrative expenses. These costs were reflected as other non-segment costs.
Pro Forma Results
The following table summarizes, on an unaudited pro forma basis, the combined results of operations of the Company and Western Automation as though the acquisition had occurred as of January 2, 2022. The pro forma amounts presented are not necessarily indicative of either the actual consolidated results had the Western Automation acquisition occurred as of January 2, 2022, or of future consolidated operating results.

|  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended |  |
(in thousands, except per share amounts) |  |  |  | April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  |  | $ | 611,668 |  |  |  |  |
Income before income taxes |  |  |  | 110,613 |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  |  |  | 90,241 |  |  |  |  |
Net income per share — basic |  |  |  | 3.64 |  |  |  |  |
Net income per share — diluted |  |  |  | 3.60 |  |  |  |  |

Pro forma results presented above primarily reflect the following adjustments:

|  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended |  |
(in thousands) |  |  |  | April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |
Amortization (a) |  |  |  | $ | (479) |  |  |  |  |
Transaction costs (b) |  |  |  | 1,397 |  |  |  |  |
Income tax expense of above items |  |  |  | (115) |  |  |  |  |

(a) The amortization adjustment for the three months ended April 1, 2023 primarily reflects incremental amortization resulting from the measurement of intangibles at their fair values.
(b) The transaction cost adjustments reflect the reversal of certain legal and professional fees from the three months ended April 1, 2023, and recognition of those fees during the three months ended April 2, 2022.
3. Inventories
The components of inventories at March 30, 2024 and December 30, 2023 are as follows:

(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023
Raw materials |  | $ | 201,625 |  |  | $ | 201,984 |
Work in process |  | 142,598 |  |  | 137,688 |
Finished goods |  | 173,149 |  |  | 195,886 |
Inventory reserves |  | (61,237) |  |  | (60,951) |
Total |  | $ | 456,135 |  |  | $ | 474,607 |

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4. Property, Plant, and Equipment
The components of net property, plant, and equipment at March 30, 2024 and December 30, 2023 are as follows:

(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023
Land and land improvements |  | $ | 18,529 |  |  | $ | 22,212 |
Building and building improvements |  | 196,292 |  |  | 202,764 |
Machinery and equipment |  | 862,653 |  |  | 859,060 |
Accumulated depreciation |  | (598,039) |  |  | (590,883) |
Total |  | $ | 479,435 |  |  | $ | 493,153 |

The Company recorded depreciation expense of $16.7 million and $17.6 million for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, respectively.
5. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Changes in the carrying value of goodwill by segment for the three months ended March 30, 2024 are as follows:

(in thousands) |  | Electronics |  | Transportation |  | Industrial |  | Total
Net goodwill as of December 30, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross goodwill as of December 30, 2023 |  | $ | 936,505 |  |  | $ | 237,115 |  |  | $ | 179,117 |  |  | $ | 1,352,737 |
Accumulated impairment losses as of December 30, 2023 |  | — |  |  | (34,004) |  |  | (8,735) |  |  | (42,739) |
Total |  | 936,505 |  |  | 203,111 |  |  | 170,382 |  |  | 1,309,998 |
Changes during 2024: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | (13,103) |  |  | (2,003) |  |  | (155) |  |  | (15,261) |
Net goodwill as of March 30, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross goodwill as of March 30, 2024 |  | 923,402 |  |  | 234,620 |  |  | 178,761 |  |  | 1,336,783 |
Accumulated impairment losses as of March 30, 2024 |  | — |  |  | (33,512) |  |  | $ | (8,534) |  |  | (42,046) |
Total |  | $ | 923,402 |  |  | $ | 201,108 |  |  | $ | 170,227 |  |  | $ | 1,294,737 |

The components of other intangible assets as of March 30, 2024 and December 30, 2023 are as follows:

|  |  | As of March 30, 2024
(in thousands) |  |  | Gross Carrying Value |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Book Value
Land use rights |  |  | $ | 17,298 |  |  | $ | 2,864 |  |  | $ | 14,434 |
Patents, licenses, and software |  |  | 271,905 |  |  | 167,403 |  |  | 104,502 |
Distribution network |  |  | 41,917 |  |  | 41,917 |  |  | — |
Customer relationships, trademarks, and tradenames |  |  | 681,982 |  |  | 216,287 |  |  | 465,695 |
Total |  |  | $ | 1,013,102 |  |  | $ | 428,471 |  |  | $ | 584,631 |

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| December 30, 2023
(in thousands) | Gross Carrying Value |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Book Value
Land use rights | $ | 17,621 |  |  | $ | 2,786 |  |  | $ | 14,835 |
Patents, licenses, and software | 275,337 |  |  | 163,799 |  |  | 111,538 |
Distribution network | 43,210 |  |  | 43,210 |  |  | — |
Customer relationships, trademarks, and tradenames | 689,244 |  |  | 209,481 |  |  | 479,763 |
Total | $ | 1,025,412 |  |  | $ | 419,276 |  |  | $ | 606,136 |

During the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, the Company recorded amortization expense of $15.8 million and $16.9 million, respectively.
Estimated annual amortization expense related to intangible assets with definite lives as of March 30, 2024 is as follows:

(in thousands) | Amount
Remainder of 2024 | $ | 47,167 |
2025 | 62,662 |
2026 | 51,823 |
2027 | 49,755 |
2028 | 49,135 |
2029 and thereafter | 324,089 |
Total | $ | 584,631 |

6. Accrued Liabilities
The components of accrued liabilities as of March 30, 2024 and December 30, 2023 are as follows:

(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023
Employee-related liabilities |  | $ | 56,285 |  |  | $ | 72,635 |
Current lease liability |  | 11,531 |  |  | 12,110 |
Other non-income taxes |  | 7,828 |  |  | 7,855 |
Other customer reserves |  | 5,399 |  |  | 5,998 |
Professional services |  | 5,229 |  |  | 5,282 |
Interest |  | 3,191 |  |  | 6,387 |
Restructuring liability |  | 2,081 |  |  | 2,141 |
Current benefit liability |  | 1,482 |  |  | 1,482 |
Deferred revenue |  | 1,400 |  |  | 2,198 |
Other |  | 29,862 |  |  | 33,126 |
Total |  | $ | 124,288 |  |  | $ | 149,214 |

Employee-related liabilities consist primarily of payroll, sales commissions, bonus, employee benefit accruals and workers’ compensation. Bonus accruals include amounts earned pursuant to the Company’s primary employee incentive compensation plans. Other accrued liabilities include miscellaneous operating accruals and other customer-related liabilities.
7. Restructuring, Impairment, and Other Charges
The Company recorded restructuring, impairment, and other charges for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023 as follows:
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| Three Months Ended March 30, 2024 |  |
(in thousands) | Electronics |  | Transportation |  | Industrial |  | Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Employee terminations | $ | 544 |  |  | $ | 1,190 |  |  | $ | 435 |  |  | $ | 2,169 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other restructuring charges | 52 |  |  | 78 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 135 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total restructuring charges | 596 |  |  | 1,268 |  |  | 440 |  |  | 2,304 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment | — |  |  | 933 |  |  | — |  |  | 933 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 596 |  |  | $ | 2,201 |  |  | $ | 440 |  |  | $ | 3,237 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

| Three Months Ended April 1, 2023 |  |
(in thousands) | Electronics |  | Transportation |  | Industrial |  | Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Employee terminations | $ | 672 |  |  | $ | 582 |  |  | $ | 317 |  |  | $ | 1,571 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other restructuring charges | 7 |  |  | 272 |  |  | — |  |  | 279 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 679 |  |  | $ | 854 |  |  | $ | 317 |  |  | $ | 1,850 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

2024
For the three months ended March 30, 2024, the Company recorded total restructuring charges of $2.3 million, primarily for employee termination costs. These charges primarily related to the reorganization of certain manufacturing, selling and administrative functions within the Transportation segment’s commercial vehicle business, and the reorganization of certain selling and administrative functions within the Electronics and Industrial segments. In addition, during the first quarter of 2024, the Company recognized a $0.9 million impairment charge related to certain machinery and equipment in the commercial vehicle business within the Transportation segment.
2023
For the three months ended April 1, 2023, the Company recorded total restructuring charges of $1.9 million, primarily for employee termination costs. These charges primarily related to the reorganization of certain manufacturing, selling and administrative functions within the Transportation segment’s commercial vehicle business and the reorganization of certain selling and administrative functions within the Electronics segment due to the C&K acquisition.
The restructuring reserves as of both March 30, 2024 and December 30, 2023 is $2.1 million. The restructuring liability is included within accrued liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company anticipates the remaining payments associated with employee terminations will primarily be completed in the fourth quarter fiscal year 2024.
8. Debt
The carrying amounts of debt at March 30, 2024 and December 30, 2023 are as follows:

(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023
Revolving credit facility |  | $ | 100,000 |  |  | $ | 100,000 |
Term loan |  | 286,875 |  |  | 288,750 |
Euro Senior Notes, Series B due 2028 |  | 102,458 |  |  | 105,246 |
U.S. Senior Notes, Series B due 2027 |  | 100,000 |  |  | 100,000 |
U.S. Senior Notes, Series A due 2025 |  | 50,000 |  |  | 50,000 |
U.S. Senior Notes, Series B due 2030 |  | 125,000 |  |  | 125,000 |
U.S. Senior Notes, due 2032 |  | 100,000 |  |  | 100,000 |
Other |  | 5,857 |  |  | 6,709 |
Unamortized debt issuance costs |  | (3,517) |  |  | (3,770) |
Total debt |  | 866,673 |  |  | 871,935 |
Less: Current maturities |  | (65,824) |  |  | (14,020) |
Total long-term debt |  | $ | 800,849 |  |  | $ | 857,915 |

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Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan
On June 30, 2022, the Company amended and restated its Credit Agreement, dated as of April 3, 2020 (the “Credit Agreement”) to effect certain changes, including, among other changes: (i) adding a $300 million unsecured term loan credit facility; (ii) making certain financial and non-financial covenants less restrictive on the Company and its subsidiaries; (iii) replacing LIBOR-based interest rate benchmarks and modifying performance-based interest rate margins; and (iv) extending the maturity date to June 30, 2027 (the “Maturity Date”). Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Company may, from time to time, increase the size of the revolving credit facility or enter into one or more tranches of term loans in minimum increments of $25 million if there is no event of default and the Company is in compliance with certain financial covenants.
Loans made under the available credit facility pursuant to the Credit Agreement ("the Credit Facility") bear interest at the Company’s option, at either Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), fixed for interest periods of one, two, three or six-month periods, plus 1.00% to 1.75%, plus a SOFR adjustment of 0.10% or at the bank’s Base Rate, as defined in the Credit Agreement, plus —% to 0.75%, based upon the Company’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Company is also required to pay commitment fees on unused portions of the Credit Facility ranging from 0.10% to 0.175%, based on the Consolidated Leverage Ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement includes representations, covenants and events of default that are customary for financing transactions of this nature.
Under the Credit Agreement, revolving loans may be borrowed, repaid and reborrowed until the Maturity Date, at which time all amounts borrowed must be repaid. The Company borrowed $300.0 million under a term loan on June 30, 2022. The principal balance of the term loans must be repaid in quarterly installments on the last day of each calendar quarter in the amount of $1.9 million commencing September 30, 2022, through June 30, 2024, and in the amount of $3.8 million commencing September 30, 2024, through March 31, 2027, with the remaining outstanding principal balance payable in full on the Maturity Date. Accrued interest on the loans is payable in arrears on each interest payment date applicable thereto and at such other times as may be specified in the Credit Agreement. Subject to certain conditions, (i) the Company may terminate or reduce the Aggregate Revolving Commitments, as defined in the Credit Agreement, in whole or in part, and (ii) the Company may prepay the revolving loans or the term loans at any time, without premium or penalty. During the three months ended March 30, 2024, the Company made payments of $1.9 million on its term loan. The revolving loan and term loan balance under the Credit Facility was $100.0 million and $286.9 million, respectively, as of March 30, 2024.
On May 12, 2022, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement to manage interest rate risk exposure, effectively converting the interest rate on the Company's SOFR based floating-rate loans to a fixed-rate. The interest rate swap, with a notional value of $200 million, was designated as a cash flow hedge against the variability of cash flows associated with the Company's SOFR based loans scheduled to mature on June 30, 2027.
As of March 30, 2024, the effective interest rate on unhedged portion of the outstanding borrowings under the credit facility was 6.68%, and 4.13% on the hedged portion.
As of March 30, 2024, the Company had $0.2 million outstanding letters of credit under the Credit Facility and had $599.8 million of borrowing capacity available under the revolving credit facility. As of March 30, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement.
Senior Notes
On December 8, 2016, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which the Company issued and sold €212 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes in two series. The funding date for the Euro denominated senior notes occurred on December 8, 2016 for €117 million in aggregate amount of 1.14% Senior Notes, Series A, due December 8, 2023 (“Euro Senior Notes, Series A due 2023”), and €95 million in aggregate amount of 1.83% Senior Notes, Series B due December 8, 2028 (“Euro Senior Notes, Series B due 2028”) (together, the “Euro Senior Notes”). During the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company paid off €117 million of Euro Senior Notes, Series A due on December 8, 2023. Interest on the Euro Senior Notes due 2028 is payable semiannually on June 8 and December 8, commencing June 8, 2017.
On December 8, 2016, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which the Company issued and sold $125 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes in two series. On February 15, 2017, $25 million in aggregate principal amount of 3.03% Senior Notes, Series A, due February 15, 2022 (“U.S. Senior Notes, Series A due 2022”), and $100 million in aggregate principal amount of 3.74% Senior Notes, Series B, due February 15, 2027 (“U.S. Senior Notes, Series B due 2027”) were funded. During the first quarter of 2022, the Company paid off $25 million of U.S. Senior Notes, Series A due on February 15, 2022. Interest on the U.S. Senior Notes due 2027 is payable semiannually on February 15 and August 15, commencing August 15, 2017.
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On November 15, 2017, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement pursuant to which the Company issued and sold $175 million in aggregate principal amount of senior notes in two series. On January 16, 2018, $50 million aggregate principal amount of 3.48% Senior Notes, Series A, due February 15, 2025 (“U.S. Senior Notes, Series A due 2025”) and $125 million in aggregate principal amount of 3.78% Senior Notes, Series B, due February 15, 2030 (“U.S. Senior Notes, Series B due 2030”) (together, the “U.S. Senior Notes due 2025 and 2030”) were funded. Interest on the U.S. Senior Notes due 2025 and 2030 is payable semiannually on February 15 and August 15, commencing on August 15, 2018.
On May 18, 2022, the above note purchase agreements were amended to, among other things, update certain terms, including financial covenants to be consistent with the terms of the restated Credit Agreement and the 2022 Purchase Agreement, as defined below.
On May 18, 2022, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (“2022 Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company issued and funded on July 18, 2022 $100 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.33% Senior Notes, due June 30, 2032 (“U.S. Senior Notes, due 2032”) (together with the U.S. Senior Notes due 2025 and 2030, the Euro Senior Notes and the U.S. Senior Notes due 2022 and 2027, the “Senior Notes”). Interest on the U.S. Senior Notes due 2032 is payable semiannually on June 30 and December 30, commencing on December 30, 2022.
The Senior Notes have not been registered under the Securities Act, or applicable state securities laws. The Senior Notes are general unsecured senior obligations and rank equal in right of payment with all existing and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness of the Company.
The Senior Notes are subject to certain customary covenants, including limitations on the Company’s ability, with certain exceptions, to engage in mergers, consolidations, asset sales and transactions with affiliates, to engage in any business that would substantially change the general business of the Company, and to incur liens. In addition, the Company is required to satisfy certain financial covenants and tests relating to, among other matters, interest coverage and leverage. At March 30, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Senior Notes.
The Company may redeem the Senior Notes upon the satisfaction of certain conditions and the payment of a make-whole amount to noteholders and are required to offer to repurchase the Senior Notes at par following certain events, including a change of control.
Interest paid on all Company debt was $13.2 million and $11.0 million for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, respectively.
9. Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities
For assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis, a three-level hierarchy of measurements based upon observable and unobservable inputs is used to arrive at fair value. Observable inputs are developed based on market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about valuation based on the best information available in the circumstances. Depending on the inputs, the Company classifies each fair value measurement as follows:
Level 1—Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;
Level 2—Valuations based upon quoted prices for similar instruments, prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, or model-derived valuations, all of whose significant inputs are observable, and
Level 3—Valuations based upon one or more significant unobservable inputs
.
There were no transfers in or out of Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 during the period.
Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value and their classification in the valuation hierarchy.
Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents primarily consist of money market funds, certificates of deposit, and short-term time deposits, which are held with institutions with sound credit ratings and are highly liquid. The Company classified cash equivalents as Level 1 and are valued at cost which approximates fair value.
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Investments in Equity Securities
Investments in equity securities listed on a national market or exchange are valued at the last sales price and classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy and recorded in Investments and Other long-term assets.
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
On May 12, 2022, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement to manage interest rate risk exposure, effectively converting the interest rate on the Company's SOFR based floating-rate loans to a fixed-rate. The interest rate swap, with a notional value of $200 million, was designated as a cash flow hedge against the variability of cash flows associated with the Company's SOFR based loans scheduled to mature on June 30, 2027. The fair value of the interest rate swap was valued using an independent third-party valuation model. Pursuant to this model, changes in fair value of derivatives that are designated as cash flow hedges are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive loss until the underlying transactions are recognized in earnings. The primary inputs into the valuation of the interest rate swap are interest yield curves, interest rate volatility, credit risk, credit spreads and other market information. The interest rate swap is classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, since all significant inputs are corroborated by market observable data.
The use of derivatives creates exposure to credit risk relating to potential losses that could be recognized in the event that the counterparties to these instruments fail to perform their obligations under the contracts. The Company seeks to minimize this risk by limiting its counterparties to major financial institutions with acceptable credit ratings and monitoring the total value of positions with individual counterparties. In the event of a default by one of its counterparties, the Company may not receive payments provided for under the terms of its derivatives.
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
On July 14, 2022, the Company entered into a foreign currency exchange forward contract to mitigate the currency fluctuation risk between the Euro and U.S. dollar on its Euro denominated Senior Notes, Series A due 2023. The notional value of the forward contract at July 14, 2022 was €117.0 million and expired on December 7, 2023 with the final settlement value of $6.3 million which the Company used to convert USD to Euro to pay down the €117.0 million of Euro Senior Notes, Series A due 2023. The foreign currency contract was not designated as a hedge instrument and was marked to market on a monthly basis. As a result, changes in fair value during 2023 were reported in Foreign exchange gain in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income. The fair value of the foreign currency forward contract was valued using market exchange rates by a third party and classified as a Level 2 input under the fair value hierarchy.
As of March 30, 2024 and December 30, 2023, the fair values of the Company's derivative financial instrument and their classifications on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows:

(in thousands) | Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet Classification |  | March 30, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023 |  |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap agreement: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Designated as cash flow hedge | Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | $ | 3,952 |  |  | $ | 3,712 |  |  |
| Other long-term assets |  | $ | 4,434 |  |  | $ | 2,140 |  |  |

The pre-tax gains recognized on derivative financial instruments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023 were as follows:

|  |  |  | Three Months Ended |  |
(in thousands) |  | Classification of Gain Recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income |  | March 30, 2024 |  | April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap agreement |  | Interest expense |  | $ | (1,280) |  |  | $ | (975) |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange forward contract |  | Foreign exchange gain |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (819) |  |  |  |  |

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The pre-tax (gains) recognized on derivative financial instruments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023 was as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |
(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap agreement |  | $ | (2,534) |  |  | $ | (5,366) |  |  |  |  |

The pre-tax gain of $4.2 million from accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings is expected to be recognized during the next twelve months.
Mutual Funds
The Company has a non-qualified Supplemental Retirement and Savings Plan which provides additional retirement benefits for certain management employees and named executive officers by allowing participants to defer a portion of their annual compensation. The Company maintains accounts for participants through which participants make investment elections. The marketable securities are classified as Level 1 under the fair value hierarchy as they are maintained in mutual funds with readily determinable fair value and recorded in Other long-term assets.
There were no changes during the quarter ended March 30, 2024 to the Company’s valuation techniques used to measure asset and liability fair values on a recurring basis. As of March 30, 2024 and December 30, 2023, the Company did not hold any non-financial assets or liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
The following table presents assets measured at fair value by classification within the fair value hierarchy as of March 30, 2024:

|  | Fair Value Measurements Using |  |
(in thousands) |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Total
Cash equivalents |  | $ | 452,453 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 452,453 |
Investments in equity securities |  | 10,178 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,178 |
Mutual funds |  | 21,509 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,509 |
Total |  | $ | 484,140 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 484,140 |

The following table presents assets measured at fair value by classification within the fair value hierarchy as of December 30, 2023:

|  | Fair Value Measurements Using |  |
(in thousands) |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Total
Cash equivalents |  | $ | 415,788 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 415,788 |
Investments in equity securities |  | 10,832 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,832 |
Mutual funds |  | 20,148 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20,148 |
Total |  | $ | 446,768 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 446,768 |

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In addition to the methods and assumptions used for the financial instruments recorded at fair value as discussed above, the following methods and assumptions are used to estimate the fair value of other financial instruments that are not marked to market on a recurring basis. The Company’s other financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable and its long-term debt. Due to their short-term maturity, the carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable approximate their fair values. The Company’s revolving and term loan debt facilities' fair values approximate book value at March 30, 2024 and December 30, 2023, as the rates on these borrowings are variable in nature.
The carrying value and estimated fair values of the Company’s Euro Senior Notes, Series A and Series B and USD Senior Notes, Series A and Series B, as of March 30, 2024 and December 30, 2023 were as follows:

|  | March 30, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023
(in thousands) |  | Carrying Value |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Carrying Value |  | Estimated Fair Value
Euro Senior Notes, Series B due 2028 |  | $ | 102,458 |  |  | $ | 93,470 |  |  | $ | 105,246 |  |  | $ | 96,532 |
USD Senior Notes, Series B due 2027 |  | 100,000 |  |  | 95,654 |  |  | 100,000 |  |  | 96,127 |
USD Senior Notes, Series A due 2025 |  | 50,000 |  |  | 49,203 |  |  | 50,000 |  |  | 49,070 |
USD Senior Notes, Series B due 2030 |  | 125,000 |  |  | 114,269 |  |  | 125,000 |  |  | 115,687 |
USD Senior Notes, due 2032 |  | 100,000 |  |  | 91,365 |  |  | 100,000 |  |  | 93,228 |

10. Benefit Plans
The Company has Company-sponsored and mandatory defined benefit pension plans covering employees in the United Kingdom ("U.K."), Germany, the Philippines, China, Japan, Mexico, Italy and France. The amount of the retirement benefits provided under the plans is generally based on years of service and final average pay.
The Company recognizes interest cost, expected return on plan assets, and amortization of prior service, net within Other income, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income. The components of net periodic benefit cost for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023 were as follows:

|  | For the Three Months Ended |  |
(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |
Components of net periodic benefit cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service cost |  | $ | 795 |  |  | $ | 692 |  |  |  |  |
Interest cost |  | 995 |  |  | 937 |  |  |  |  |
Expected return on plan assets |  | (518) |  |  | (469) |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of prior service and net actuarial loss |  | 46 |  |  | 11 |  |  |  |  |
Net periodic benefit cost |  | $ | 1,318 |  |  | $ | 1,171 |  |  |  |  |

The Company expects to make approximately $2.2 million of contributions to the plans and pay $2.1 million of benefits directly in 2024.
The Company also sponsors certain post-employment plans in foreign countries and other statutory benefit plans. The Company recorded expense of $0.7 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, respectively, in Cost of Sales and Other income, net within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income. The pre-tax (gains) losses amount recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) as components of net periodic benefit costs for these plans were $0.3 million and nominal for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, respectively.
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11. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Changes in other comprehensive income (loss) by component were as follows:

(in thousands) |  | Three Months Ended March 30, 2024 |  | Three Months Ended April 1, 2023
|  | Pre-tax |  | Tax |  | Net of Tax |  | Pre-tax |  | Tax |  | Net of Tax
Defined benefit pension plan and other adjustments |  | $ | 360 |  |  | $ | (16) |  |  | $ | 344 |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | (18) |  |  | $ | 6 |
Cash flow hedge |  | 2,534 |  |  | (608) |  |  | 1,926 |  |  | (3,313) |  |  | 795 |  |  | (2,518) |
Foreign currency translation adjustments (a) |  | (33,170) |  |  | 609 |  |  | (32,561) |  |  | 16,068 |  |  | (273) |  |  | 15,795 |
Total change in other comprehensive (loss) income |  | $ | (30,276) |  |  | $ | (15) |  |  | $ | (30,291) |  |  | $ | 12,779 |  |  | $ | 504 |  |  | $ | 13,283 |

(a) The tax shown above within the foreign currency translation adjustments is the U.S. tax associated with the foreign currency translation adjustments of earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries which have been previously taxed in the U.S. and are not permanently reinvested.
The following tables set forth the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023:

(in thousands) |  | Defined benefit pension plan and other adjustments |  | Cash flow hedge |  | Foreign currency translation adjustment |  | Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Balance at December 30, 2023 |  | $ | (7,613) |  |  | $ | 4,448 |  |  | $ | (52,652) |  |  | $ | (55,817) |
Activity in the period |  | 344 |  |  | 1,926 |  |  | (32,561) |  |  | (30,291) |
Balance at March 30, 2024 |  | $ | (7,269) |  |  | $ | 6,374 |  |  | $ | (85,213) |  |  | $ | (86,108) |

(in thousands) |  | Defined benefit pension plan and other adjustments |  | Cash flow hedge |  | Foreign currency translation adjustment |  | Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Balance at December 31, 2022 |  | $ | (2,193) |  |  | $ | 6,596 |  |  | $ | (100,167) |  |  | $ | (95,764) |
Activity in the period |  | 6 |  |  | (2,518) |  |  | 15,795 |  |  | 13,283 |
Balance at April 1, 2023 |  | $ | (2,187) |  |  | $ | 4,078 |  |  | $ | (84,372) |  |  | $ | (82,481) |

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023 were as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |
(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |
Pension and postemployment plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of prior service and net actuarial loss (gain) |  | $ | 356 |  |  | $ | (11) |  |  |  |  |

The Company recognizes the amortization of prior service costs in Other income, net within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income.
12. Income Taxes
The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 30, 2024 was 13.0%, compared to the effective tax rate for the three months ended April 1, 2023 of 18.5%. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2024 is lower than the effective tax rate for the comparable 2023 period primarily due to the lapse in the statute of limitations for previously unrecognized tax benefits. The effective tax rate for 2023 is lower than the statutory tax rate primarily due to income earned in lower tax jurisdictions, and the effective tax rate for 2024 is lower than the statutory tax rate primarily due to the lapse in the statute of limitations for previously unrecognized tax benefits.
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13. Earnings Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |
(in thousands, except per share amounts) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income as reported |  | $ | 48,452 |  |  | $ | 88,745 |  |  |  |  |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | 24,911 |  |  | 24,782 |  |  |  |  |
Effect of dilutive securities |  | 213 |  |  | 280 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted |  | 25,124 |  |  | 25,062 |  |  |  |  |
Earnings Per Share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic earnings per share |  | $ | 1.95 |  |  | $ | 3.58 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted earnings per share |  | $ | 1.93 |  |  | $ | 3.54 |  |  |  |  |

Potential shares of common stock relating to stock options and restricted share units excluded from the earnings per share calculation because their effect would be anti-dilutive were 175,411 and 90,297 for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, respectively.
Share Repurchase Program
The Company’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $300.0 million in the aggregate of shares of the Company’s common stock for the period May 1, 2021 to April 30, 2024 (2021 program). During the three months ended March 30, 2024, the Company repurchased 70,280 shares of its common stock totaling $16.1 million. The Company did not repurchase shares of its common stock for the three months ended April 1, 2023.
On April 25, 2024, the Company announced that the Board of Directors authorized a new three year program to repurchase up to $300.0 million in the aggregate of shares of the Company's stock for the period May 1, 2024 to April 30, 2027 to replace its 2021 program.
14. Segment Information
The Company and its subsidiaries design, manufacture and sell component, modules and subassemblies to empower the long-term structural themes of sustainability, connectivity and safety. The Company reports its operations by the following segments: Electronics, Transportation, and Industrial. An operating segment is defined as a component of an enterprise that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, and about which separate financial information is regularly evaluated by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources. The CODM is the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”). The CODM allocates resources to and assesses the performance of each operating segment using information about its revenue and operating income (loss) before interest and taxes, but does not evaluate the operating segments using discrete balance sheet information.
Sales, marketing, and research and development expenses are charged directly into each operating segment. Purchasing, logistics, customer service, finance, information technology, and human resources are shared functions that are allocated back to the three operating segments. The Company does not report inter-segment revenue because the operating segments do not record it. Certain expenses, determined by the CODM to be strategic in nature and not directly related to segments current results, are not allocated but identified as “Other”. Additionally, the Company does not allocate interest and other income, interest expense, or taxes to operating segments. These costs are not allocated to the segments, as management excludes such costs when assessing the performance of the segments. Although the CODM uses operating income (loss) to evaluate the segments, operating costs included in one segment may benefit other segments. Except as discussed above, the accounting policies for segment reporting are the same as for the Company as a whole.
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•Electronics Segment: Consists of one of the broadest product offerings in the industry, including fuses and fuse accessories, positive temperature coefficient (“PTC”) resettable fuses, electromechanical switches and interconnect solutions, polymer electrostatic discharge (“ESD”) suppressors, varistors, reed switch based magnetic sensing, gas discharge tubes; semiconductor products such as discrete transient voltage suppressor (“TVS”) diodes, TVS diode arrays, protection and switching thyristors, silicon and silicon carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (“MOSFETs”) and diodes; and insulated gate bipolar transistors (“IGBT”) technologies. The segment covers a broad range of end markets, including industrial motor drives and power conversion, automotive electronics, electric vehicle and related charging infrastructure, aerospace, power supplies, data centers and telecommunications, medical devices, alternative energy and energy storage, building and home automation, appliances, and mobile electronics.
•Transportation Segment: Consists of a wide range of circuit protection, power control and sensing technologies for global original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), Tier-one suppliers and parts and aftermarket distributors in passenger vehicle, heavy-duty truck and bus, off-road and recreational vehicles, material handling equipment, agricultural machinery, construction equipment and other commercial vehicle end markets. Passenger vehicle products are used in internal combustion engine, hybrid and electric vehicles including blade fuses, battery cable protectors, resettable fuses, high-current fuses, high-voltage fuses, and sensor products designed to monitor the occupant’s safety and environment as well as the vehicle’s powertrain. Commercial vehicle products include fuses, switches, circuit breakers, relays, and power distribution modules and units used in applications serving a number of end markets, including heavy-duty truck and bus, construction, agriculture, material handling and marine.
•Industrial Segment: Consists of industrial circuit protection (industrial fuses), industrial controls (protection relays, contactors, transformers, residual current devices, ground fault circuit interrupters, residual current monitors, and arc fault detection devices) and temperature sensors for use in various applications such as renewable energy and energy storage systems, industrial safety, factory automation, electric vehicle infrastructure, HVAC systems, non-residential construction, MRO, and mining.
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Segment information is summarized as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |
(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electronics |  | $ | 291,105 |  |  | $ | 358,593 |  |  |  |  |
Transportation |  | 170,367 |  |  | 166,641 |  |  |  |  |
Industrial |  | 73,913 |  |  | 84,548 |  |  |  |  |
Total net sales |  | $ | 535,385 |  |  | $ | 609,782 |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electronics |  | $ | 19,841 |  |  | $ | 19,788 |  |  |  |  |
Transportation |  | 8,631 |  |  | 11,291 |  |  |  |  |
Industrial |  | 4,021 |  |  | 3,403 |  |  |  |  |
Total depreciation and amortization |  | $ | 32,493 |  |  | $ | 34,482 |  |  |  |  |
Operating income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electronics |  | $ | 37,803 |  |  | $ | 90,162 |  |  |  |  |
Transportation |  | 16,206 |  |  | 8,532 |  |  |  |  |
Industrial |  | 4,796 |  |  | 17,141 |  |  |  |  |
Other (a) |  | (3,853) |  |  | (5,194) |  |  |  |  |
Total operating income |  | 54,952 |  |  | 110,641 |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  | 9,611 |  |  | 9,646 |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange gain |  | (5,042) |  |  | (1,675) |  |  |  |  |
Other income, net |  | (5,321) |  |  | (6,233) |  |  |  |  |
Income before income taxes |  | $ | 55,704 |  |  | $ | 108,903 |  |  |  |  |

(a) Included in “Other” Operating income for the first quarter of 2024 was $2.3 million of restructuring charges primarily related to employee termination costs and a $0.9 million impairment charge related to certain machinery and equipment in the commercial vehicle business within the Transportation segment. See Note 7, Restructuring, Impairment, and Other Charges, for further discussion. In addition, during the first quarter of 2024, the Company recognized $0.9 million of legal and professional fees and other integration expenses related to completed and contemplated acquisitions, partially offset by a gain of $0.3 million recorded for the sale of a building in the commercial vehicle business within the Transportation segment.
Included in “Other” Operating income for the first quarter of 2023 was $3.3 million of legal and professional fees and other integration expenses related to completed acquisitions, and $1.9 million of restructuring, impairment and other charges, primarily related to employee termination costs. See Note 7, Restructuring, Impairment, and Other Charges, for further discussion.
The Company’s net sales by country were as follows, classified according to the country where the customer is located:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |
(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  | $ | 190,433 |  |  | $ | 212,195 |  |  |  |  |
China |  | 115,169 |  |  | 133,467 |  |  |  |  |
Other countries (a) |  | 229,783 |  |  | 264,120 |  |  |  |  |
Total net sales |  | $ | 535,385 |  |  | $ | 609,782 |  |  |  |  |

The Company’s long-lived assets represent Net property, plant, and equipment, and are classified according to the country where the asset is located were as follows:
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(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023
Long-lived assets |  |  |  |
United States |  | $ | 67,614 |  |  | $ | 73,126 |
China |  | 135,255 |  |  | 139,736 |
Mexico |  | 100,830 |  |  | 102,218 |
Germany |  | 48,084 |  |  | 47,217 |
Philippines |  | 71,327 |  |  | 73,217 |
Other countries |  | 56,325 |  |  | 57,639 |
Total long-lived assets |  | $ | 479,435 |  |  | $ | 493,153 |

The Company’s additions to long-lived assets by country were as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended
(in thousands) |  | March 30, 2024 |  | April 1, 2023
Additions to long-lived assets |  |  |  |
United States |  | $ | 4,806 |  |  | $ | 4,091 |
China |  | 2,408 |  |  | 8,403 |
Mexico |  | 2,330 |  |  | 3,744 |
Germany |  | 3,230 |  |  | 1,234 |
Philippines |  | 1,338 |  |  | 1,398 |
Other countries |  | 2,212 |  |  | 2,593 |
Total additions to long-lived assets |  | $ | 16,324 |  |  | $ | 21,463 |

(a)Each country included in other countries is less than 10% of net sales.
15. Commitments and Contingencies
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of March 30, 2024, the Company did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined under SEC rules. Specifically, the Company was not liable for guarantees of indebtedness owed by third parties, the Company was not directly liable for the debt of any unconsolidated entity and the Company did not have any retained or contingent interest in assets. The Company does not participate in transactions that generate relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities.
Product Warranty Liabilities
The company's policy is to accrue for warranty claims when a loss is both probable and estimable. Liabilities for warranty claims have historically not been material and in limited instances, customers may make claims for costs they incurred or other damages related to a claim.
The Company carries insurance for potential product liability claims at coverage levels based on the Company's prior claims experience. This coverage is subject to deductibles, and various terms and conditions. The Company cannot assure that the level of coverage will be sufficient to cover every possible claim that can arise in its businesses, now or in the future, or that such coverage always will be available should the Company, now or in the future, wish to extend, increase or otherwise adjust its insurance.
The Company has been notified by one of its customers of a product recall potentially due to certain fuses provided by Littelfuse and incorporated in such products. The Company is currently working with its customer to investigate the cause and level of responsibility for this recall. The Company has determined pursuant to ASC 450, "Contingencies", that a loss is reasonably possible. However, the Company continues to evaluate this matter and the ultimate costs of the recall and range of the potential loss cannot be determined at this time. Accordingly, no accrual has been made yet for this matter. Factors that will impact the amount of such losses include the per vehicle cost of fuse replacement, the determination of the relative liability among the customer, the Company, and any relevant third parties, as well as actual insurance recoveries.
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Environmental Remediation Liabilities
The company's operations and facilities are subject to U.S. and non-U.S. laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment and its employees, including those governing air emissions, chemical usage, water discharges, the management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes, and the cleanup of contaminated sites. The Company could incur significant costs, including cleanup costs, fines, civil or criminal sanctions, or third-party property damage or personal injury claims, in the event of violations or liabilities under these laws and regulations, or non-compliance with the environmental permits required at its facilities. Potentially significant expenditures could be required in order to comply with environmental laws that may be adopted or imposed in the future. The Company is, however, not aware of any threatened or pending material environmental investigations, lawsuits, or claims involving the Company or its operations.
Legal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may be involved in a number of claims and litigation matters. While it is not feasible to predict the outcome of these matters, based upon the Company's experience and current information known, the Company does not expect the outcome of these matters, either individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position, and/or cash flows.
The Company accounts for litigation and claims losses in accordance with ASC 450, "Contingencies" where loss contingency provisions are recognized for probable and estimable losses at the Company's best estimate of a loss or, when a best estimate cannot be made, at its estimate of the minimum loss. These estimates require the application of considerable judgment and are refined each accounting period as additional information becomes known. If the Company is initially unable to develop a best estimate of loss and therefore the minimum amount, which could be an immaterial amount, is recognized. As information becomes known, either the minimum loss amount is increased, or a best estimate can be made, resulting in additional loss provisions. A best estimate may be changed when events result in an expectation different than previously expected.
Pending Litigation and Claims
There are no material pending litigation or claims outstanding as of March 30, 2024.
16. Related Party Transactions
The Company has equity ownership in various investments that are accounted for under the equity method. The following is a description of the investments and related party transactions.
Powersem GmbH: The Company owns 45% of the outstanding equity of Powersem GmbH (“Powersem”), a module manufacturer based in Germany.
EB-Tech Co., Ltd.: The Company owns approximately 19% of the outstanding equity of EB Tech Co., Ltd. (“EB Tech”), a company with expertise in radiation technology based in South Korea.
Automated Technology (Phil), Inc.: The Company owns approximately 24% of the outstanding common shares of Automated Technology (Phil), Inc. (“ATEC”), a supplier located in the Philippines that provides assembly and test services. One member of the Company's Board of Directors serves on the Board of Directors of ATEC.

|  | Three Months Ended March 30, 2024 |  | Three Months Ended April 1, 2023
(in millions) |  | Powersem | EB Tech | ATEC |  | Powersem | EB Tech | ATEC
Sales to related party |  | $ | 0.5 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Purchase material/service from related party |  | 1.2 |  | 0.2 |  | 2.1 |  |  | 1.0 |  | 0.1 |  | 2.7 |
|  | March 30, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023
(in millions) |  | Powersem | EB Tech | ATEC |  | Powersem | EB Tech | ATEC
Accounts receivable balance |  | $ | 0.1 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Accounts payable balance |  | $ | 0.8 |  | $ | 0.1 |  | $ | 1.5 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1.0 |

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements Under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (“PSLRA”).
Certain statements in this section and other parts of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the federal securities laws and are entitled to the safe-harbor provisions of the PSLRA. These statements include statements regarding the Company’s future performance, as well as management's expectations, beliefs, intentions, plans, estimates or projections relating to the future. Such statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as "believes," "expects," "may," "estimates," "will," "should," "plans" or "anticipates" or the negative thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology, or by discussions of strategy, although not all forward-looking statements contain such terms. The Company cautions that forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made, are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, and actual results and outcomes may differ materially from those indicated or implied by the forward-looking statements. These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to, risks and uncertainties relating to general economic conditions; product demand and market acceptance; economic conditions; the impact of competitive products and pricing; product quality problems or product recalls; capacity and supply difficulties or constraints; coal mining exposures reserves; cybersecurity matters; failure of an indemnification for environmental liability; exchange rate fluctuations; commodity price fluctuations; the effect of the Company's accounting policies; labor disputes; restructuring costs in excess of expectations; pension plan asset returns less than assumed; uncertainties related to political or regulatory changes; integration of acquisitions may not be achieved in a timely manner, or at all; and other risks that may be detailed in Item 1A. "Risk Factors" of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2023, and the Company's other filings and submissions with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company does not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect future events or circumstances, new information or otherwise.
This report, including the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, should be read in conjunction with information provided in the consolidated financial statements and the related Notes thereto appearing in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2023.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") is designed to provide information that is supplemental to, and should be read together with, the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Information in MD&A is intended to assist the reader in obtaining an understanding of (i) the consolidated financial statements, (ii) the changes in certain key items within those financial statements from year-to-year, (iii) the primary factors that contributed to those changes, and (iv) any changes in known trends or uncertainties that the Company is aware of and that may have a material effect on future performance. In addition, MD&A provides information about the Company’s segments and how the results of those segments impact the results of operations and financial condition as a whole.
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Executive Overview
Founded in 1927, Littelfuse is a diversified, industrial technology manufacturing company empowering a sustainable, connected, and safer world. Across more than 20 countries, and with approximately 16,000 global associates, we partner with customers to design and deliver innovative, reliable solutions. Serving over 100,000 end customers, our products are found in a variety of industrial, transportation and electronics end markets – everywhere, every day.
The Company maintains a network of global laboratories and engineering centers that develop new products and product enhancements, provide customer application support and test products for safety, reliability, and regulatory compliance. The Company conducts its business through three reportable segments: Electronics, Transportation, and Industrial. Within these segments, the Company designs, manufactures and sells components and modules empowering a sustainable, connected, and safer world. Our products protect against electrostatic discharge, power surges, short circuits, voltage spikes and other harmful occurrences, safely and efficiently control power and improve productivity and are used to identify and detect temperature, proximity, flow speed and fluid level in various applications.
Executive Summary
For the first quarter of 2024, the Company recognized net sales of $535.4 million, a decrease of $74.4 million, or 12.2% as compared to $609.8 million in the first quarter of 2023 including $1.8 million or 0.3% of unfavorable changes in foreign exchange rates. The decrease in net sales was primarily due to lower volume in the Electronics and Industrial segments. The Company recognized net income of $48.5 million, or $1.93 per diluted share, in the first quarter of 2024 compared to $88.7 million, or $3.54 per diluted share, in the first quarter of 2023. The decrease in net income was primarily due to lower operating income of $52.4 million in the Electronics segment driven by a reduction in volume.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $57.2 million for the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to $53.4 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to reductions in working capital and lower annual incentive compensation payments, partially offset by lower cash earnings.
Other Risks
The Company has been notified by one of its customers of a product recall potentially due to certain fuses provided by Littelfuse and incorporated in such products. The Company is currently working with its customer to investigate the cause and level of responsibility for this recall. The Company has determined pursuant to ASC 450, "Contingencies" that a loss is reasonably possible. However, the Company continues to evaluate this matter and the ultimate costs of the recall and range of the potential loss cannot be determined at this time. Accordingly, no accrual has been made yet for this matter. Factors that will impact the amount of such losses include the per vehicle cost of fuse replacement, the determination of the relative liability among the customer, the Company, and any relevant third parties, as well as actual insurance recoveries.
Results of Operations
The following table summarizes the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated results of operations for the periods presented. The first quarter of 2024 includes $2.3 million of restructuring charges primarily related to employee termination costs and a $0.9 million impairment charge related to certain machinery and equipment in the commercial vehicle business within the Transportation segment. See Note 7, Restructuring, Impairment, and Other Charges, for further discussion. In addition, during the first quarter of 2024, the Company recognized $0.9 million of legal and professional fees and other integration expenses related to completed and contemplated acquisitions, partially offset by a gain of $0.3 million recorded for the sale of a building in the commercial vehicle business within the Transportation segment.
The first quarter of 2023 includes $3.3 million of legal and professional fees and other integration expenses related to completed acquisitions, and $1.9 million of restructuring, impairment, and other charges, primarily related to employee termination costs. See Note 7, Restructuring, Impairment, and Other Charges, for further discussion.
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|  | First Quarter |  |
(in thousands) |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | Change |  | % Change |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 535,385 |  |  | $ | 609,782 |  |  | $ | (74,397) |  |  | (12.2) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales |  | 347,577 |  |  | 364,825 |  |  | (17,248) |  |  | (4.7) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | 187,808 |  |  | 244,957 |  |  | (57,149) |  |  | (23.3) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses |  | 132,856 |  |  | 134,316 |  |  | (1,460) |  |  | (1.1) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating income |  | 54,952 |  |  | 110,641 |  |  | (55,689) |  |  | (50.3) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income before income taxes |  | 55,704 |  |  | 108,903 |  |  | (53,199) |  |  | (48.8) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income taxes |  | 7,252 |  |  | 20,158 |  |  | (12,906) |  |  | (64.0) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 48,452 |  |  | $ | 88,745 |  |  | $ | (40,293) |  |  | (45.4) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Net Sales
Net sales decreased $74.4 million, or 12.2%, for the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 including $1.8 million or 0.3% of unfavorable changes in foreign exchange rates. The decrease in net sales was due to lower volume of $67.5 million and $10.6 million in the Electronics and Industrial segments, respectively, that more than offset higher volume in the passenger car products business within the Transportation segment.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales was $347.6 million, or 64.9% of net sales, in the first quarter of 2024, compared to $364.8 million, or 59.8% of net sales, in the first quarter of 2023. As a percent of net sales, cost of sales increased 5.1% driven by lower volume in the Electronics and Industrial segments, partially offset by improved margin from the commercial vehicle and auto sensor businesses within the Transportation segment driven by favorable price, product mix and cost reduction initiatives.
Gross Profit
Gross profit was $187.8 million, or 35.1% of net sales, in the first quarter of 2024 compared to $245.0 million, or 40.2% of net sales, for the first quarter of 2023. The $57.2 million decrease in gross profit was primarily due to lower volume in the Electronics and Industrial segments, partially offset by improved margin from the commercial vehicle and auto sensor businesses within the Transportation segment driven by favorable price, product mix and cost reduction initiatives.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses were $132.9 million, or 24.8% of net sales, for the first quarter of 2024 compared to $134.3 million, or 22.0% of net sales, for the first quarter of 2023. The decrease in operating expenses of $1.5 million was primarily due to lower selling, general, and administrative expenses of $2.2 million and amortization expense of $1.0 million, partially offset by higher restructuring, impairment, and other charges of $1.4 million, including a $0.9 million impairment charge related to certain machinery and equipment in the commercial vehicle business within the Transportation segment.
Operating Income
Operating income was $55.0 million, representing a decrease of $55.7 million, or 50.3%, for the first quarter of 2024 compared to $110.6 million for the first quarter of 2023. The decrease in operating income was due to lower gross profit from the Electronics segment. Operating margins decreased from 18.1% in the first quarter of 2023 to 10.3% in the first quarter of 2024 driven by lower volume in the Electronics segment.
Income Before Income Taxes
Income before income taxes was $55.7 million, or 10.4% of net sales, for the first quarter of 2024 compared to $108.9 million, or 17.9% of net sales, for the first quarter of 2023. In addition to the factors impacting comparative results for operating income discussed above, income before income taxes was primarily benefited by higher foreign exchange gains of $3.4 million and higher interest income from short term investment in cash equivalents in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023, partially offset by unrealized losses of $0.4 million during the first quarter of 2024 compared to unrealized gains of $1.8 million during the first quarter of 2023 related to the Company's equity investment.
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Income Taxes
The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 30, 2024 was 13.0%, compared to the effective tax rate for the three months ended April 1, 2023 of 18.5%. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2024 is lower than the effective tax rate for the comparable 2023 period primarily due to the lapse in the statute of limitations for previously unrecognized tax benefits. The effective tax rate for 2023 is lower than the statutory tax rate primarily due to income earned in lower tax jurisdictions, and the effective tax rate for 2024 is lower than the statutory tax rate primarily due to the lapse in the statute of limitations for previously unrecognized tax benefits.
Segment Results of Operations
The Company reports its operations by the following segments: Electronics, Transportation and Industrial. Segment information is described more fully in Note 14, Segment Information, of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report.
The following table is a summary of the Company’s net sales and operating income by segment:

Net Sales |  | First Quarter |  |
(in thousands) |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | Change |  | % Change |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electronics |  | $ | 291,105 |  |  | $ | 358,593 |  |  | $ | (67,488) |  |  | (18.8) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Transportation |  | 170,367 |  |  | 166,641 |  |  | 3,726 |  |  | 2.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Industrial |  | 73,913 |  |  | 84,548 |  |  | (10,635) |  |  | (12.6) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 535,385 |  |  | $ | 609,782 |  |  | $ | (74,397) |  |  | (12.2) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Operating Income |  | First Quarter |  |
(in thousands) |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | Change |  | % Change |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Electronics |  | $ | 37,803 |  |  | $ | 90,162 |  |  | $ | (52,359) |  |  | (58.1) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Transportation |  | 16,206 |  |  | 8,532 |  |  | 7,674 |  |  | 89.9 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Industrial |  | 4,796 |  |  | 17,141 |  |  | (12,345) |  |  | (72.0) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other (a) |  | (3,853) |  |  | (5,194) |  |  | 1,341 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 54,952 |  |  | $ | 110,641 |  |  | $ | (55,689) |  |  | (50.3) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(a) Included in “Other” Operating income for the first quarter of 2024 was $2.3 million of restructuring charges primarily related to employee termination costs and a $0.9 million impairment charge related to certain machinery and equipment in the commercial vehicle business within the Transportation segment. See Note 7, Restructuring, Impairment, and Other Charges, for further discussion. In addition, during the first quarter of 2024, the Company recognized $0.9 million of legal and professional fees and other integration expenses related to completed and contemplated acquisitions, partially offset by a gain of $0.3 million recorded for the sale of a building in the commercial vehicle business within the Transportation segment.
Included in “Other” Operating income for the first quarter of 2023 was $3.3 million of legal and professional fees and other integration expenses related to completed acquisitions, and $1.9 million of restructuring, impairment and other charges, primarily related to employee termination costs. See Note 7, Restructuring, Impairment, and Other Charges, for further discussion.
Electronics Segment
Net Sales
Net sales decreased $67.5 million, or 18.8%, in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 and included unfavorable changes in foreign exchange rates of $0.9 million. The sales decrease was mainly due to lower volume across all businesses driven by inventory rebalancing at certain distributors and reduced demand across certain electronics markets, including consumer facing and personal electronics, as well as industrial markets.
Operating Income
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Operating income was $37.8 million, representing a decrease of $52.4 million, or 58.1%, for the first quarter of 2024 compared to $90.2 million for the first quarter of 2023. The decrease in operating income was primarily due to lower volume leverage and unfavorable mix that were partially offset by cost control initiatives. Operating margins decreased from 25.1% in the first quarter of 2023 to 13.0% in the first quarter of 2024 primarily due to the lower volume.
Transportation Segment
Net Sales
Net sales increased $3.7 million, or 2.2%, in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 and included unfavorable changes in foreign exchange rates of $0.8 million. The sales increase was mainly from the passenger car products business of $8.6 million driven by the ongoing electronification and electrification of vehicles and global passenger vehicle production growth, partially offset by sales declines of $4.6 million from the commercial vehicle business driven by reduced demand largely due to inventory rebalancing at certain distributors and customers.
Operating Income
Operating income was $16.2 million, representing an increase of $7.7 million, or 89.9%, for the first quarter of 2024 compared to $8.5 million for the first quarter of 2023. The increase in operating income was primarily due to favorable price and cost reduction initiatives from the commercial vehicle business. Operating margins increased from 5.1% in the first quarter of 2023 to 9.5% in the first quarter of 2024 primarily driven by favorable price and cost reduction initiatives from the commercial vehicle business.
Industrial Segment
Net Sales
Net sales decreased by $10.6 million, or 12.6%, in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023, which included unfavorable changes in foreign exchange rates of $0.1 million. The sales decrease was due to lower volume across industrial circuit protection and industrial control products driven by slower end market demand.
Operating Income
Operating income was $4.8 million, representing a decrease of $12.3 million, or 72.0%, for the first quarter of 2024 compared to $17.1 million for the first quarter of 2023. The decrease in operating income was driven by lower volume due to reduced industrial end market demand across industrial circuit protection and industrial control products and unfavorable product mix. Operating margins decreased from 20.3% in the first quarter of 2023 to 6.5% in the first quarter of 2024.
Geographic Net Sales Information
Net sales by geography represent net sales to customer or distributor locations. The following table is a summary of the Company’s net sales by geography:

|  | First Quarter |  |
(in thousands) |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | Change |  | % Change |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas |  | $ | 214,784 |  |  | $ | 233,854 |  |  | $ | (19,070) |  |  | (8.2) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asia-Pacific |  | 193,689 |  |  | 228,012 |  |  | (34,323) |  |  | (15.1) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Europe |  | 126,912 |  |  | 147,916 |  |  | (21,004) |  |  | (14.2) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 535,385 |  |  | $ | 609,782 |  |  | $ | (74,397) |  |  | (12.2) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Americas
Net sales decreased $19.1 million, or 8.2%, in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 and included favorable changes in foreign exchange rates of $0.1 million. The decrease in net sales was primarily due to lower volume from the Electronics and Industrial segments, partially offset by higher volume from the passenger car products business within the Transportation segment compared to the first quarter of 2023.
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Asia-Pacific
Net sales decreased $34.3 million, or 15.1%, in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 and included unfavorable changes in foreign exchange rates of $3.8 million. The decrease in net sales was primarily due to lower net sales from the Electronics and Industrial segments and lower net sales from the commercial vehicle business within the Transportation segment, partially offset by higher net sales from the passenger car products business within the Transportation segment compared to the first quarter of 2023.
Europe
Net sales decreased $21.0 million, or 14.2%, in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 and included favorable changes in foreign exchange rates of $1.9 million. The decrease in net sales was primarily due to lower net sales from the Electronics segment and lower net sales from the commercial vehicle business within the Transportation segment compared to the first quarter of 2023.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company has historically supported its liquidity needs through cash flows from operations. Management expects that the Company’s (i) current level of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, (ii) current and forecasted cash flows from operations, (iii) availability under existing funding arrangements, and (iv) access to capital in the capital markets will provide sufficient funds to support the Company’s operations, capital expenditures, investments, and debt obligations on both a short-term and long-term basis.
Cash and cash equivalents were $562.2 million as of March 30, 2024, an increase of $6.6 million as compared to December 30, 2023. As of March 30, 2024, $157.9 million of the Company's $562.2 million cash and cash equivalents was held by U.S. subsidiaries.
Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan
On June 30, 2022, the Company amended and restated its Credit Agreement, dated as of April 3, 2020 (the “Credit Agreement”) to effect certain changes, including, among other changes: (i) adding a $300 million unsecured term loan credit facility; (ii) making certain financial and non-financial covenants less restrictive on the Company and its subsidiaries; (iii) replacing LIBOR-based interest rate benchmarks and modifying performance-based interest rate margins; and (iv) extending the maturity date to June 30, 2027 (the “Maturity Date”). Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Company may, from time to time, increase the size of the revolving credit facility or enter into one or more tranches of term loans in minimum increments of $25 million if there is no event of default and the Company is in compliance with certain financial covenants.
Loans made under the available credit facility pursuant to the Credit Agreement ("the Credit Facility") bear interest at the Company’s option, at either Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), fixed for interest periods of one, two, three or six-month periods, plus 1.00% to 1.75%, plus a SOFR adjustment of 0.10% or at the bank’s Base Rate, as defined in the Credit Agreement, plus 0.00% to 0.75%, based upon the Company’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Company is also required to pay commitment fees on unused portions of the Credit Facility ranging from 0.10% to 0.175%, based on the Consolidated Leverage Ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement includes representations, covenants and events of default that are customary for financing transactions of this nature.
Under the Credit Agreement, revolving loans may be borrowed, repaid and reborrowed until the Maturity Date, at which time all amounts borrowed must be repaid. The Company borrowed $300.0 million under a term loan on June 30, 2022. The principal balance of the term loans must be repaid in quarterly installments on the last day of each calendar quarter in the amount of $1.9 million commencing September 30, 2022, through June 30, 2024, and in the amount of $3.8 million commencing September 30, 2024, through March 31, 2027, with the remaining outstanding principal balance payable in full on the Maturity Date. Accrued interest on the loans is payable in arrears on each interest payment date applicable thereto and at such other times as may be specified in the Credit Agreement. Subject to certain conditions, (i) the Company may terminate or reduce the Aggregate Revolving Commitments, as defined in the Credit Agreement, in whole or in part, and (ii) the Company may prepay the revolving loans or the term loans at any time, without premium or penalty. During the three months ended March 30, 2024, the Company made payments of $1.9 million on its term loan. The revolving loan and term loan balance under the Credit Facility was $100.0 million and $286.9 million, respectively, as of March 30, 2024.
On May 12, 2022, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement to manage interest rate risk exposure, effectively converting the interest rate on the Company's SOFR based floating-rate loans to a fixed-rate. The interest rate swap, with a notional value of $200 million, was designated as a cash flow hedge against the variability of cash flows associated with the Company's SOFR based loans scheduled to mature on June 30, 2027.
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As of March 30, 2024, the effective interest rate on unhedged portion of the outstanding borrowings under the credit facility was 6.68%, and 4.13% on the hedged portion.
As of March 30, 2024, the Company had $0.2 million outstanding letters of credit under the Credit Facility and had $599.8 million of borrowing capacity available under the revolving Credit Facility. As of March 30, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement.
Senior Notes
On December 8, 2016, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which the Company issued and sold €212 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes in two series. The funding date for the Euro denominated senior notes occurred on December 8, 2016 for €117 million in aggregate amount of 1.14% Senior Notes, Series A, due December 8, 2023 (“Euro Senior Notes, Series A due 2023”), and €95 million in aggregate amount of 1.83% Senior Notes, Series B due December 8, 2028 (“Euro Senior Notes, Series B due 2028”) (together, the “Euro Senior Notes”). During the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company paid off €117 million of Euro Senior Notes, Series A due on December 8, 2023. Interest on the Euro Senior Notes due 2028 is payable semiannually on June 8 and December 8, commencing June 8, 2017.
On December 8, 2016, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which the Company issued and sold $125 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes in two series. On February 15, 2017, $25 million in aggregate principal amount of 3.03% Senior Notes, Series A, due February 15, 2022 (“U.S. Senior Notes, Series A due 2022”), and $100 million in aggregate principal amount of 3.74% Senior Notes, Series B, due February 15, 2027 (“U.S. Senior Notes, Series B due 2027”) were funded. During the first quarter of 2022, the Company paid off $25 million of U.S. Senior Notes, Series A due on February 15, 2022. Interest on the U.S. Senior Notes due 2027 is payable semiannually on February 15 and August 15, commencing August 15, 2017.
On November 15, 2017, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement pursuant to which the Company issued and sold $175 million in aggregate principal amount of senior notes in two series. On January 16, 2018, $50 million aggregate principal amount of 3.48% Senior Notes, Series A, due February 15, 2025 (“U.S. Senior Notes, Series A due 2025”) and $125 million in aggregate principal amount of 3.78% Senior Notes, Series B, due February 15, 2030 (“U.S. Senior Notes, Series B due 2030”) (together, the “U.S. Senior Notes due 2025 and 2030”) were funded. Interest on the U.S. Senior Notes due 2025 and 2030 is payable semiannually on February 15 and August 15, commencing on August 15, 2018.
On May 18, 2022, the above note purchase agreements were amended to, among other things, update certain terms, including financial covenants to be consistent with the terms of the restated Credit Agreement and the 2022 Purchase Agreement, as defined below.
On May 18, 2022, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (“2022 Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company issued and funded on July 18, 2022 $100 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.33% Senior Notes, due June 30, 2032 (“U.S. Senior Notes, due 2032”) (together with the U.S. Senior Notes due 2025 and 2030, the Euro Senior Notes and the U.S. Senior Notes due 2022 and 2027, the “Senior Notes”). Interest on the U.S. Senior Notes due 2032 is payable semiannually on June 30 and December 30, commencing on December 30, 2022.
Debt Covenants
The Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement and Senior Notes as of March 30, 2024 and currently expects to remain in compliance based on management’s estimates of operating and financial results for 2023. As of March 30, 2024, the Company met all the conditions required to borrow under the Credit Agreement and management expects the Company to continue to meet the applicable borrowing conditions.
Acquisitions
On June 28, 2023, the Company entered into a definitive purchase agreement to acquire a 200mm wafer fab located in Dortmund, Germany (“Dortmund Fab”) from Elmos Semiconductor SE. The acquisition of the Dortmund Fab is expected to close in early fiscal year 2025. The total purchase price for the fab is approximately 93 million Euro, of which 37.2 million Euro down payment (approximately $40.5 million) recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets was paid in the third quarter of 2023 after regulatory approvals and approximately 56 million Euro will be paid at closing. The transaction is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s fiscal year 2024 financial results and will be reported in the Electronics-Semiconductor business within the Company’s Electronics segment.
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Dividends
During the first quarter of 2024 the Company paid quarterly dividends of $16.2 million to the shareholders. On May 1, 2024, the Company announced the declaration of a quarterly cash dividend of $0.65 per share payable on June 6, 2024 to stockholders of record as of May 22, 2024.
Cash Flow Overview

|  | First Three Months
(in thousands) |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | $ | 57,150 |  |  | $ | 53,407 |
Net cash used in investing activities |  | (8,483) |  |  | (183,188) |
Net cash used in financing activities |  | (33,520) |  |  | (12,204) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash |  | (8,550) |  |  | 4,571 |
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash |  | 6,597 |  |  | (137,414) |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period |  | 557,123 |  |  | 564,939 |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period |  | $ | 563,720 |  |  | $ | 427,525 |

Cash Flow from Operating Activities
Operating cash inflows are largely attributable to sales of the Company’s products. Operating cash outflows are largely attributable to recurring expenditures for raw materials, labor, rent, interest, taxes and other operating activities.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $57.2 million for the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to $53.4 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to reductions in working capital and lower annual incentive compensation payments, partially offset by lower cash earnings.
Cash Flow from Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $8.5 million for the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to $183.2 million during the three months ended April 1, 2023. Capital expenditures were $15.5 million, representing a decrease of $10.1 million compared to three months ended April 1, 2023. During the three months ended March 30, 2024, the Company received proceeds of $7.1 million from the sale of a building from the commercial vehicle business within the Transportation segment. Net cash paid for acquisitions was $158.3 million during the three months ended April 1, 2023.
Cash Flow from Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $33.5 million for the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to $12.2 million during the three months ended April 1, 2023. During the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, the Company made payments of $1.9 million on the term loan for both periods, respectively. The Company paid dividends of $16.2 million and $14.9 million in the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, respectively. Additionally, during the three months ended March 30, 2024, the Company repurchased 70,280 shares of its common stock totaling $16.1 million.
Share Repurchase Program
The Company’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $300.0 million in the aggregate of shares of the Company’s common stock for the period May 1, 2021 to April 30, 2024 (2021 program). During the three months ended March 30, 2024, the Company repurchased 70,280 shares of its common stock totaling $16.1 million. There is $283.9 million of an authorized amount yet purchased under the 2021 program as of March 30, 2024. The Company did not repurchase shares of its common stock for the three months ended April 1, 2023.
On April 25, 2024, the Company announced that the Board of Directors authorized a new three year program to repurchase up to $300.0 million in the aggregate of shares of the Company's stock for the period May 1, 2024 to April 30, 2027 to replace its 2021 program.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of March 30, 2024, the Company did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined under SEC rules. Specifically, the Company was not liable for guarantees of indebtedness owed by third parties, the Company was not directly liable for the debt of any unconsolidated entity and the Company did not have any retained or contingent interest in assets. The Company does not participate in transactions that generate relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In connection with the preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company uses estimates and makes judgments and assumptions about future events that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses, and the related disclosures. The assumptions, estimates, and judgments are based on historical experience, current trends, and other factors the Company believes are relevant at the time it prepares the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
The significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates are consistent with those discussed in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Other Information, to the consolidated financial statements and the MD&A section of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2023. During the three months ended March 30, 2024, there were no significant changes in the application of critical accounting policies and estimates.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
See Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk, of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2023. During the three months ended March 30, 2024, there have been no material changes in the Company's exposure to market risk.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
In connection with the preparation of this report, management, under the supervision and with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of March 30, 2024. Based on that evaluation, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the quarter ended March 30, 2024, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act that occurred during the quarter ended March 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
None.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
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The Company may incur material losses and costs as a result of defects in its products, including as a result of warranty claims, product recalls, and product liability.
The Company has been notified by one of its customers of a product recall potentially due to certain fuses provided by the Company and incorporated in the customer’s products. The Company is working with its customer to investigate the cause and level of responsibility for this recall. Given the highly complex products that the Company manufactures, it is possible that those products, including third-party components contained in those products, may contain defects or fail to work properly or as intended when integrated with customer products. This could subject the Company to product liability or warranty claims, which could lead to significant expenses, including recall, repair, and/or replacement costs and, potentially breach of contract or other damage claims, all of which could materially adversely affect the Company’s financial results. This is particularly true if the Company does not discover these issues until after the products have been sold and deployed. In addition to expenses directly attributable to product defects, the Company’s reputation and ability to attract and retain customers may be harmed. Further, significant warranty and product liability claims may, among other things, result in the need for significant reserves, divert management’s and other personnel’s attention, cause production delays, impact on-time delivery of products to other customers, reduce margins, and delay recognition of revenues. It is also possible that end users of customers’ products may make claims against the Company, resulting in additional defense costs and potential damages. Although, the Company generally attempts to limit its liability through standard contract terms and conditions and maintains insurance in connection with product defects and warranty claims, it is possible that the Company may not be able to enforce contractual limitations on damages and/or that a successful claim against the Company may exceed the Company’s applicable insurance policy limits or be excluded from coverage.
Other than the item listed above, there have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our year ended December 30, 2023.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
None.
Repurchases of Common Stock
The Company’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $300.0 million in the aggregate of shares of the Company’s common stock under a program for the period May 1, 2021 to April 30, 2024 (2021 program). The Company repurchased 70,280 shares during the three months ended March 30, 2024. There is $283.9 million of an authorized amount yet purchased under the 2021 program as of March 30, 2024.
On April 25, 2024, the Company announced that the Board of Directors authorized a new three year program to repurchase up to $300.0 million in the aggregate of shares of the Company's stock for the period May 1, 2024 to April 30, 2027 to replace its 2021 program.
The table below presents shares of the Company’s common stock which were acquired by the Company during the three months ended March 30, 2024:

Period |  | Total number of shares purchased |  | Average price paid per share |  | Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs |  | Maximum dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans
2021 program: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
December 31 through January 27 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
January 28 through February 24 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
February 25 through March 30 |  | 70,280 |  | $ | 229.53 |  |  | 70,280 |  | $ | 283,867,325 |
|  | 70,280 |  | $ | 229.53 |  |  | 70,280 |  | $ | 283,867,325 |

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
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None.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans
The adoption or termination of contracts, instructions or written plans for the purchase or sale of our securities by our Section 16 officers and directors for the three months ended March 30, 2024, each of which is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act (“Rule 10b5-1 Plan”), were as follows:

Name |  | Title |  | Action |  | Date Adopted |  | Expiration Date |  | Aggregate # of securities to be Sold
David Heinzmann (1) |  | President and Chief Executive Officer |  | Adoption |  | 2/6/2024 |  | 4/25/2025 |  | 23,061

(1) David Heinzmann, President and Chief Executive Officer, entered into a pre-arranged stock trading plan pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 on February 6, 2024. Mr. Heinzmann’s plan provides for the potential exercise of vested stock options and the associated sale of up to 23,061 shares of the Company’s common stock. The stock options covered by the plan expire on April 25, 2025 if they have not been exercised. Consequently, the plan expires on April 25, 2025, or upon the earlier completion of all authorized transactions under the plan.
Other than those disclosed above, none of our directors or officers adopted or terminated a "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit |  | Description
10.1 |  | Amended and Restated Annual Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 1, 2024, Commission File No. 20388).
31.1* |  | Certification of David W. Heinzmann, Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2* |  | Certification of Meenal A. Sethna, Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1** |  | Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101 |  | The following financial information from LITTELFUSE, Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 30, 2024 formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) includes: (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity , (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
104 |  | The cover page from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 30, 2024, formatted in Inline XBRL.
* |  | Filed herewith.
** |  | Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 30, 2024, to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| Littelfuse, Inc. |
| By: | /s/ Meenal A. Sethna |
|  | Meenal A. Sethna |
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date: May 1, 2024 | By: | /s/ Jeffrey G. Gorski |
|  | Jeffrey G. Gorski |
| Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer

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