<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-24
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>arw1031_e.txt
<DESCRIPTION>JOINT FILING AGREEMENT
<TEXT>


EXHIBIT I



                                JOINT FILING AGREEMENT
                                ----------------------




    Each of the undersigned hereby agrees that the Schedule 13G filed
herewith is filed jointly, pursuant to Rule 13d-1(f)(1) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended on behalf of each of them.


         Dated:  November 10, 2008

         AXA Financial, Inc.




         BY: /s/ Alvin H. Fenichel
            -----------------------------------------
            Alvin H. Fenichel
            Senior Vice President and Controller



         AXA Assurances I.A.R.D. Mutuelle; AXA Assurances Vie Mutuelle; as
a group, and AXA

         Signed on behalf of each of the above entities




         BY: /s/ Alvin H. Fenichel
            -----------------------------------------
            Alvin H. Fenichel
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
