EX-99.1 2 a16-21245_2ex99d1.htm EX-99.1

Exhibit 99.1

 

 

Highlights in the third quarter of 2016

 

Main Highlights

 

·                  Consolidated EBITDA margin of 13.8% in 3Q16, reflecting the Company’s geographic diversification.

 

·                  Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased 11.5% in the first nine months of 2016 from the same period of 2015, reflecting the efforts made by the Company’s management.

 

·                  Positive free cash flow of R$1.0 billion in 9M16.

 

Key Information

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Steel

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Production of Crude Steel (1,000 tonnes)

 

3,894

 

4,201

 

-7.3

%

4,304

 

-9.5

%

12,351

 

12,972

 

-4.8

%

Shipments (1,000 tonnes)

 

3,668

 

4,669

 

-21.4

%

4,240

 

-13.5

%

11,759

 

13,083

 

-10.1

%

Net Sales (R$ million)

 

8,699

 

11,925

 

-27.1

%

10,249

 

-15.1

%

29,032

 

33,132

 

-12.4

%

Cost of Goods Sold (R$ million)

 

(7,652

)

(10,714

)

-28.6

%

(9,165

)

-16.5

%

(26,090

)

(29,628

)

-11.9

%

SG&A (R$ million)

 

(483

)

(631

)

-23.5

%

(578

)

-16.4

%

(1,705

)

(1,927

)

-11.5

%

Adjusted EBITDA(1) (R$ million)

 

1,200

 

1,291

 

-7.0

%

1,201

 

-0.1

%

3,332

 

3,591

 

-7.2

%

Adjusted Net Income(2) (R$ million)

 

95

 

193

 

-50.8

%

184

 

-48.4

%

293

 

725

 

-59.6

%

Free Cash Flow (R$ million)

 

230

 

1,646

 

-86.0

%

807

 

-71.5

%

1,048

 

1,797

 

-41.7

%

Gross margin

 

12.0

%

10.2

%

 

 

10.6

%

 

 

10.1

%

10.6

%

 

 

EBITDA Margin

 

13.8

%

10.8

%

 

 

11.7

%

 

 

11.5

%

10.8

%

 

 

Shareholders’ equity (R$ million)

 

27,841

 

36,012

 

 

 

27,761

 

 

 

27,841

 

36,012

 

 

 

Total Assets (R$ million)

 

58,713

 

76,489

 

 

 

58,234

 

 

 

58,713

 

76,489

 

 

 

Gross debt / Total capitalization(3)

 

43

%

43

%

 

 

42.3

%

 

 

43

%

43.0

%

 

 

Net debt(4) (R$) / EBITDA(5)(R$)

 

3,6

x

3,8

x

 

 

3,6

x

 

 

3,6

x

3,8

x

 

 

Net debt(4) (US$) / EBITDA(5)(US$)

 

4,0

x

2,7

x

 

 

4,1

x

 

 

4,0

x

2,7

x

 

 

 


(1) - Adjusted EBITDA = non-accounting mesurement prepared by the Company.

(2) - In the 2Q16 and 1H16, the net income was adjusted by the extraordinary events

(3) - Total capitalization = shareholders’ equity + gross debt - interest on debt

(4) - Net debt = gross debt - interest on debt - cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

(5) -  Adjusted EBITDA in the last 12 months.

 

World Steel Market

 

·      On October 11, worldsteel published its latest Short Range Outlook containing forecasts for global apparent steel consumption. For 2016, the forecast calls for global steel demand to grow by 0.2%. Excluding China, the forecast calls for demand to grow by 1.1%. China’s economic model, which before was heavily focused on infrastructure and construction, now seeks to stimulate the country’s growth through consumption, which should lead steel demand to contract by 1.0%. In developing economies excluding China, lower commodity prices and political instability in certain countries have been affecting economic growth and, consequently, steel consumption in 2016 should grow by around 2.0%. Meanwhile, in developed countries, the expectation is for steel consumption to grow by 0.2% in 2016.

 

·      For 2017, the association forecasts growth of 0.5% in global steel consumption, driven by developing economies, which, excluding China, should grow by 4.0%, and by recovery of 1.1% in steel consumption by developed economies. The slowdown in China’s economic growth should pressure steel demand to contract by 2.0%.

 

1



 

Consolidated Information

 

Gerdau’s performance in the third quarter of 2016

 

The Consolidated Financial Statements of Gerdau S.A. are presented in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the accounting practices adopted in Brazil, which are fully aligned with the international accounting standards issued by the Accounting Pronouncement Committee (CPC).

 

The information in this report does not include data for jointly controlled entities and associate companies, except where stated otherwise.

 

Consolidated Results

 

Production and shipments

 

Consolidated
(1,000 tonnes)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 months
2016

 

9 months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Production of crude steel

 

3,894

 

4,201

 

-7.3

%

4,304

 

-9.5

%

12,351

 

12,972

 

-4.8

%

Shipments of steel

 

3,668

 

4,669

 

-21.4

%

4,240

 

-13.5

%

11,759

 

13,083

 

-10.1

%

 

·      Consolidated crude steel production decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, mainly due to the optimization of inventories in the North America BD and to the divestment of the special steel units in Spain.

 

·      Consolidated shipments declined in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16 due to lower shipments at all business divisions and to the divestment of the units in Spain.

 

Net sales, cost and gross margin

 

Consolidated
(R$ million)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Sales

 

8,699

 

11,925

 

-27.1

%

10,249

 

-15.1

%

29,032

 

33,132

 

-12.4

%

Cost of Goods Sold

 

(7,652

)

(10,714

)

-28.6

%

(9,165

)

-16.5

%

(26,090

)

(29,628

)

-11.9

%

Gross profit

 

1,047

 

1,211

 

-13.5

%

1,084

 

-3.4

%

2,942

 

3,504

 

-16.0

%

Gross margin (%)

 

12.0

%

10.2

%

 

 

10.6

%

 

 

10.1

%

10.6

%

 

 

 

·      Consolidated net sales decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, due to lower shipments at all business divisions and to the reduction in net sales per tonne sold, except at the Brazil BD.

 

·      On a consolidated basis, gross profit decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, due to the weaker performances of the North America and South America BDs, which were partially offset by the better performance of the Brazil BD. The expansion in gross margin in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16 is explained by the better performances of the Brazil and Special Steel BDs, which neutralized the weaker performance of the North America BD.

 

Operating expenses

 

Consolidated
(R$ million)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SG&A

 

(483

)

(631

)

-23.5

%

(578

)

-16.4

%

(1,705

)

(1,927

)

-11.5

%

Selling expenses

 

(139

)

(196

)

-29.1

%

(176

)

-21.0

%

(529

)

(560

)

-5.5

%

General and administrative expenses

 

(344

)

(435

)

-20.9

%

(402

)

-14.4

%

(1,176

)

(1,367

)

-14.0

%

Other operating income (expenses)

 

33

 

8

 

312.5

%

28

 

17.9

%

101

 

41

 

146.3

%

Result in operations with jointly controlled entities

 

 

 

 

(105

)

 

(105

)

 

 

Impairment of assets

 

 

(1,867

)

 

 

 

 

(1,867

)

 

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated companies

 

(2

)

6

 

 

 

 

(10

)

19

 

 

 

·      The reduction in selling, general and administrative expenses in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16 demonstrates the Company’s efforts made throughout 2016 to rationalize these expenses in all business divisions, as well as the positive effects from exchange variation in the comparison periods. In the first nine months of 2016 compared to the same period of 2015, these expenses decreased R$222 million.

 

2



 

EBITDA

 

Breakdown of Consolidated EBITDA
(R$ million)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

95

 

(1,958

)

 

79

 

20.3

%

188

 

(1,426

)

 

Net financial result

 

497

 

1,381

 

-64.0

%

23

 

2060.9

%

481

 

2,486

 

-80.7

%

Provision for income and social contribution taxes

 

1

 

(697

)

 

327

 

-99.7

%

554

 

(1,291

)

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

567

 

672

 

-15.6

%

617

 

-8.1

%

1,865

 

1,902

 

-1.9

%

EBITDA - Instruction CVM (1)

 

1,160

 

(602

)

 

1,046

 

10.9

%

3,088

 

1,671

 

84.8

%

Impairment of assets

 

 

1,867

 

 

 

 

 

1,867

 

 

Result in operations with jointly controlled entities

 

 

 

 

105

 

 

105

 

 

 

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated companies

 

2

 

(6

)

 

 

 

10

 

(19

)

 

Proportional EBITDA of associated companies and jointly controlled entities

 

38

 

32

 

18.8

%

50

 

-24.0

%

129

 

72

 

79.2

%

Adjusted EBITDA(2)

 

1,200

 

1,291

 

-7.0

%

1,201

 

-0.1

%

3,332

 

3,591

 

-7.2

%

Adjusted EBITDA Margin

 

13.8

%

10.8

%

 

 

11.7

%

 

 

11.5

%

10.8

%

 

 

 


(1) - Non-accounting measurement calculated pursuant to Instruction 527 of the CVM.

(2) - Non-accounting mesurement prepared by the Company.

Note: EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) is not a method used in accounting practices, does not represent cash flow for the periods in question and should not be considered an alternative to cash flow as an indicator of liquidity.
The Company presents adjusted EBITDA to provide additional information regarding cash flow generation in the period.

 

Conciliation of Consolidated EBITDA
(R$ million)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EBITDA - Instruction CVM (1)

 

1,160

 

(602

)

1,046

 

3,088

 

1,671

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

(567

)

(672

)

(617

)

(1,865

)

(1,902

)

OPERATING INCOME BEFORE FINANCIAL RESULT AND TAXES(2)

 

593

 

(1,274

)

429

 

1,223

 

(231

)

 


(1) - Non-accounting measure calculated pursuant to Instruction 527 of the CVM.

(2) - Accounting measurement disclosed in consolidated Statements of Income.

 

Consolidated EBITDA (R$ million) and EBITDA Margin (%)

 

 

·                  Adjusted EBITDA decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15, which is explained by the weaker performance of the North America BD, which was partially neutralized by the better performances of other BDs, in particular the Brazil BD. Compared to 2Q16, adjusted EBITDA remained stable, reflecting the better performance of the Brazil BD, which neutralized the weaker performance of the other BDs. Note that the efforts made to reduce selling, general and administrative expenses were crucial to preventing EBITDA from declining in line with gross profit in both comparison periods.

 

·                  The improvement in Adjusted EBITDA margin in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 to 2Q16 is mainly explained by the higher profitability and higher contribution by the Brazil BD to consolidated EBITDA and by the better performance of the Special Steel BD.

 

3



 

Financial result and net income

 

Consolidated
(R$ million)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

Income before financial income (expenses) and taxes(1)

 

593

 

(1,274

)

 

429

 

38.2

%

1,223

 

(231

)

 

Financial Result

 

(497

)

(1,381

)

-64.0

%

(23

)

2060.9

%

(481

)

(2,486

)

-80.7

%

Financial income

 

60

 

102

 

-41.2

%

45

 

33.3

%

181

 

306

 

-40.8

%

Financial expenses

 

(492

)

(495

)

-0.6

%

(484

)

1.7

%

(1,501

)

(1,261

)

19.0

%

Exchange variation, net

 

(58

)

(1,044

)

-94.4

%

433

 

 

884

 

(1,601

)

 

Exchange variation on net investment hedge

 

(37

)

(909

)

-95.9

%

364

 

 

688

 

(1,373

)

 

Exchange variation - other lines

 

(21

)

(135

)

-84.4

%

69

 

 

196

 

(228

)

 

Gains (losses) on financial instruments, net

 

(7

)

56

 

 

(17

)

-58.8

%

(45

)

70

 

 

Income before taxes(1)

 

96

 

(2,655

)

 

406

 

-76.4

%

742

 

(2,717

)

 

Income and social contribution taxes

 

(1

)

697

 

 

(327

)

-99.7

%

(554

)

1,291

 

 

On net investment hedge

 

37

 

909

 

-95.9

%

(364

)

 

(688

)

1,373

 

 

Write off of deferred tax assets

 

 

(284

)

0.0

%

 

 

 

(284

)

 

Other lines

 

(38

)

72

 

 

37

 

 

134

 

202

 

-33.7

%

Consolidated Net Income(1)

 

95

 

(1,958

)

 

79

 

20.3

%

188

 

(1,426

)

 

Extraordinary events

 

 

2,151

 

 

105

 

 

105

 

2,151

 

(1

)

Result in operations with jointly controlled entities

 

 

 

 

105

 

 

105

 

 

 

Impairment of assets

 

 

1,867

 

 

 

 

 

1,867

 

 

Reversal of the write off of fiscal assets deferred

 

 

284

 

 

 

 

 

284

 

 

Consolidated Adjusted Net Income(2)

 

95

 

193

 

-50.8

%

184

 

-48.4

%

293

 

725

 

-59.6

%

 


(1) - Accounting measurement disclosed in the income statement of the Company.

(2) - Non accounting measurement made by the Company to demonstrate the net income adjusted by the extraordinary events that impacted the result, but without cash effect.

 

·      In 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, the variation in the financial result was basically due to the effects from exchange variation on liabilities contracted in U.S. dollar (depreciation in the end-of-period price of the Brazilian real against the U.S. dollar of 1.1% in 3Q16, depreciation of 28.0% in 3Q15 and appreciation of 9.8% in 2Q16).

 

·      Note that, in accordance with IFRS, the Company designated the bulk of its debt in foreign currency contracted by companies in Brazil as hedge for a portion of the investments in subsidiaries located abroad. As a result, only the effect from exchange variation on the portion of debt not linked to investment hedge is recognized in the financial result, with this effect neutralized by the line “Income and Social Contribution taxes on net investment hedge.”

 

·      The reduction in consolidated net income in 3Q16 compared to adjusted consolidated net income in 3Q15 is explained by the lower EBITDA in the period. Compared to adjusted consolidated net income in 2Q16, the reduction in consolidated net income in 3Q16 was mainly due to the higher impact from the negative financial result, which was partially neutralized by the higher operating result.

 

Dividends

 

·      Gerdau S.A., based on its results for 3Q16, approved the distribution of dividends in the amount of R$ 34.2 million (R$ 0.02 per share) as prepayment of the minimum mandatory dividend stipulated in the Bylaws.

 

Payment date: December 1, 2016

Record date: close of trading on November 21, 2016

Ex-dividend date: November 22, 2016

 

·      In the first nine months of 2016, Gerdau S.A. allocated R$ 85.7 million (R$ 0.05 per share) to the distribution of dividends.

 

Investments

 

·      In 3Q16, CAPEX amounted to R$ 285.9 million. Of the amount invested in the quarter, 49.8% was allocated to the Brazil BD, 23.7% to the South America BD, 19.8% to the North America BD and 6.7% to the Special Steel BD. In the first nine months of 2016, CAPEX amounted to R$ 1.1 billion.

 

·      Based on the investments scheduled for 2016, Gerdau plans to invest R$ 1.5 billion, which is 35% below the amount in 2015.

 

·      The CAPEX projected for 2017 is R$ 1.4 billion, which will be concentrated in improving productivity and maintenance.

 

4



 

Working Capital and Cash Conversion Cycle

 

 

·     In September 2016, the cash conversion cycle (working capital divided by daily net sales in the quarter) increased in relation to June 2016, reflecting the 15.1% decrease in net sales and the 4.9% increase in working capital. The increase in working capital was due to the build in inventories resulting from the sharp drop in shipments at the end of the third quarter, mainly at the Brazil BD.

 

Financial liabilities

 

Debt composition
(R$ million)

 

09.30.2016

 

06.30.2016

 

12.31.2015

 

Short Term

 

2,196

 

1,959

 

2,387

 

Long Term

 

18,902

 

18,715

 

24,074

 

Gross Debt

 

21,098

 

20,674

 

26,461

 

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

 

5,261

 

4,877

 

6,919

 

Net Debt

 

15,837

 

15,797

 

19,542

 

 

·      On September 30, 2016, gross debt was 10.4% short term and 89.6% long term. Gross debt was denominated 16.8% in Brazilian real, 78.8% in U.S. dollar and 4.4% in other currencies. The R$ 424 million increase in gross debt between June 2016 and September 2016 is explained by the contracting of working capital loans and by the effects from exchange variation in the period (depreciation in the end-of-period price of the Brazilian real against the U.S. dollar of 1.1% in 3Q16).

 

·      On September 30, 2016, 72.6% of cash was held by Gerdau companies abroad and denominated mainly in U.S. dollar.

 

·      Net debt remained relatively stable on September 30, 2016 compared to June 30, 2016, since the increase in gross debt was practically neutralized by the increase in cash and cash equivalents and financial investments.

 

·      On September 30, 2016, the nominal weighted average cost of gross debt was 7.4%, or 11.1% for the portion denominated in Brazilian real, 6.0% plus exchange variation for the portion denominated in U.S. dollar contracted by companies in Brazil, and 7.4% for the portion contracted by subsidiaries abroad. On September 30, 2016, the average gross debt term was 5.5 years, with more than 75% maturing only as of 2018. Note that, with regard to the R$ 2.7 billion in maturities scheduled for 2017 (mainly the 2017 Bond), the Company’s cash and credit facilities are more than sufficient to meet these commitments, most of which mature only in October of that year. Furthermore, the Company has the option of refinancing this debt.

 

·      On September 30, 2016, the payment schedule for long-term gross debt was as follows:

 

5



 

Long Term

 

R$ million

 

2017 (1)

 

2,701

 

2018

 

1,741

 

2019

 

907

 

2020

 

3,304

 

2021

 

3,532

 

2022

 

214

 

2023

 

2,016

 

2024

 

2,605

 

2025 and after

 

1,882

 

Total (2)

 

18,902

 

 


(1) Bond october/2017 maturity = R$ 2,645 million

 

(2) Total in bonds = R$ 14,091 million

 

 

·      The Company’s main debt indicators are shown below:

 

Indicators

 

09.30.2016

 

06.30.2016

 

12.31.2015

 

Gross debt / Total capitalization (1)

 

43

%

42

%

45

%

Net debt(2) (R$) / EBITDA (3) (R$)

 

3.6

x

3.6

x

4.2

x

Net debt(2) (US$) / EBITDA (3) (US$)

 

4.0

x

4.1

x

3.6

x

 


(1) - Total capitalization = shareholders’ equity + gross debt- interest on debt

 

 

(2) - Net debt = gross debt - interest on debt - cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

 

(3) -  Adjusted EBITDAin the last 12 months.

 

 

 

 

Indebtedness

(R$ billion)

 

 

Free Cash Flow (FCF)

 

·      In 3Q16, EBITDA was more than sufficient to honor the commitments related to CAPEX, income tax, interest on debt and working capital consumption, resulting in the generation of positive free cash flow of R$ 230 million. In the first nine months of 2016, free cash flow amounted to R$ 1.0 billion.

 

Free Cash Flow 3Q16

(R$ million)

 

 

6



 

Free Cash Flow 9M16

(R$ million)

 

 

Highlights

 

·      In July, the heavy-plate rolling mill at the Ouro Branco (MG) Unit started operation with the capacity to produce 1.1 million tonnes per year. This is Brazil’s most modern flat steel rolling mill and boasts the world’s most advanced technology. Gerdau will supply heavy plates to the construction, wind power, machinery and equipment, agricultural, highway, shipbuilding and oil and gas industries in the domestic and international markets.

 

·   In September, Gerdau formed an unprecedented partnership with GE Digital. The Company became a pioneer in the world steel industry by implementing an Online Monitoring and Diagnostic System, which uses advanced tools to analyze data with a view to anticipating potential faults in equipment and conducting preventive maintenance. Some 30,000 sensors are being installed on 1,000 pieces of equipment at 11 mills in Brazil to enable real-time monitoring of equipment performance. The monitoring center installed at the Ouro Branco Mill in Minas Gerais will initially monitor the performance of mills in the Brazil Division, but the Company plans to expand the system to its special steel mills and mining units in the country.

 

·   On September 30, GGBR4 was quoted at R$ 8.86, a gain of 90.5% in the nine-month period of 2016, while GGB was quoted at US$ 2.72, a gain of 126.7% in the nine-month period of 2016. Updating these values up to November 8, the gains of GGBR4 and GGB were, approximately 140% and 190%, respectively. The market capitalization of Gerdau S.A. ended September at R$ 15.2 billion.

 

·   In October, the 50th Annual Conference of the Worldsteel Association in Dubai recognized Gerdau for Excellence in Health and Safety, with the award based on success cases implemented in the steel industry. The company commemorated the awarding of its seventh trophy with the project “Hydraulic Arm in the Rolling-Mill Roll Workshop,” which has delivered strong results since its implementation at the Ouro Branco Mill in Minas Gerais.

 

7



 

Business Divisions (BD)

 

The information in this report is divided into four Business Divisions (BD), in accordance with Gerdau’s corporate governance, as follows:

 

·      Brazil BD (Brazil Business Division) — includes the steel operations in Brazil (except special steel), the metallurgical and coking coal operation in Colombia and the iron ore operation in Brazil;

 

·      North America BD (North America Business Division) — includes all North American operations (Canada, United States and Mexico), except special steel;

 

·      South America BD (South America Business Division) — includes all operations in South America (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela), except the operations in Brazil, the metallurgical and coking coal operation in Colombia and the iron ore operation in Brazil;

 

·      Special Steel BD (Special Steel Business Division) — includes the special steel operations in Brazil, United States and India. Spain was a part of this operation until May 2016.

 

Net sales

 

 

8



 

EBITDA and EBITDA Margin

 

 

Brazil BD

 

Production and shipments

 

Brazil BD
(1,000 tonnes)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

Production of crude steel

 

1,663

 

1,578

 

5.4

%

1,655

 

0.5

%

4,861

 

4,766

 

2.0

%

Shipments of steel

 

1,482

 

1,938

 

-23.5

%

1,629

 

-9.0

%

4,533

 

5,063

 

-10.5

%

Domestic Market

 

928

 

1,127

 

-17.7

%

1,007

 

-7.8

%

2,831

 

3,469

 

-18.4

%

Exports

 

554

 

811

 

-31.7

%

622

 

-10.9

%

1,702

 

1,594

 

6.8

%

 

·      Crude steel production increased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, which is explained by the build in inventories ahead of the scheduled maintenance stoppages, which typically are carried out in the fourth quarter.

 

·      Shipments in the domestic market decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, reflecting the slowdown in the construction and manufacturing industries due to economic uncertainties. Exports decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15, reflecting the record for shipments set in 3Q15. Compared to 2Q16, exports declined due to the lower prices in the international market, which affected shipments as of September 2016, combined with the less favorable average exchange rate in 3Q16.

 

·      In 3Q16, 1,524,000 tonnes of iron ore were shipped to the Ouro Branco Mill in Minas Gerais and 1,198,000 tonnes were sold to third parties.

 

Operating result

 

Brazil BD
(R$ million)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

Net Sales (1)

 

2,971

 

3,723

 

-20.2

%

3,047

 

-2.5

%

8,712

 

10,299

 

-15.4

%

Domestic Market

 

2,214

 

2,563

 

-13.6

%

2,270

 

-2.5

%

6,495

 

7,919

 

-18.0

%

Exports

 

757

 

1,160

 

-34.7

%

777

 

-2.6

%

2,217

 

2,380

 

-6.8

%

Cost of Goods Sold

 

(2,453

)

(3,283

)

-25.3

%

(2,703

)

-9.2

%

(7,628

)

(8,897

)

-14.3

%

Gross profit

 

518

 

440

 

17.7

%

344

 

50.6

%

1,084

 

1,402

 

-22.7

%

Gross margin (%)

 

17.4

%

11.8

%

 

 

11.3

%

 

 

12.4

%

13.6

%

 

 

EBITDA

 

585

 

470

 

24.5

%

402

 

45.5

%

1,235

 

1,470

 

-16.0

%

EBITDA margin (%)

 

19.7

%

12.6

%

 

 

13.2

%

 

 

14.2

%

14.3

%

 

 

 


(1) - Includes iron ore, coking coal and coke net sales.

 

·      The decrease in net sales in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 was mainly due to the lower shipments in both the domestic and export markets. Specifically in the domestic market, the reduction in net sales in 3Q16 was due to lower shipments, which were partially neutralized by the increase in net sales per tonne sold. In the export market, the decrease in net sales is explained mainly by lower shipments, combined with the less favorable

 

9



 

exchange rate in 3Q16. Compared to 2Q16, the reduction in net sales was due to lower shipments, which were partially neutralized by the increase in net sales per tonne sold in both the domestic and export markets.

 

·      Cost of goods sold decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, accompanying the decline in shipments in the period. Gross margin improved in 3Q16 in relation to 3Q15, due to the better market mix. Compared to 2Q16, the improvement in gross margin in 3Q16 was mainly due to the higher net sales per tonne sold in the domestic and export markets.

 

·      EBITDA and EBITDA margin in 3Q16 posted performances in line with gross profit and gross margin in the comparisons with 3Q15 and 2Q16, and benefitted from the reduction in selling, general and administrative expenses.

 

EBITDA (R$ million) and EBITDA Margin (%)

 

 

North America BD

 

Production and shipments

 

North America BD
(1,000 tonnes)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

Production of crude steel

 

1,468

 

1,675

 

-12.4

%

1,690

 

-13.1

%

4,713

 

5,018

 

-6.1

%

Shipments of steel

 

1,372

 

1,664

 

-17.5

%

1,644

 

-16.5

%

4,538

 

4,799

 

-5.4

%

 

·      Crude steel production decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, accompanying the lower shipments in the period.

 

·      Shipments contracted in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, which is explained by the stronger competition from goods imported into the region and the slowdown in industrial production, as well as by the caution adopted given the uncertain political scenario.

 

Operating result

 

North America BD
(R$ million)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

Net Sales

 

3,470

 

4,833

 

-28.2

%

4,291

 

-19.1

%

12,058

 

13,001

 

-7.3

%

Cost of Goods Sold

 

(3,264

)

(4,360

)

-25.1

%

(3,942

)

-17.2

%

(11,201

)

(11,852

)

-5.5

%

Gross profit

 

206

 

473

 

-56.4

%

349

 

-41.0

%

857

 

1,149

 

-25.4

%

Gross margin (%)

 

5.9

%

9.8

%

 

 

8.1

%

 

 

7.1

%

8.8

%

 

 

EBITDA

 

274

 

519

 

-47.2

%

408

 

-32.8

%

1,037

 

1,223

 

-15.2

%

EBITDA margin (%)

 

7.9

%

10.7

%

 

 

9.5

%

 

 

8.6

%

9.4

%

 

 

 

·      Net sales decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15, which is mainly explained by the lower shipments, as well by the lower net sales per tonne sold in U.S. dollar and the effects from exchange variation in the comparison period (appreciation in the average price of the Brazilian real against the U.S. dollar of 8.3% in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15). Compared to 2Q16, net sales decreased, mainly due to the lower shipments, and also due to the effects from exchange variation in the comparison period (appreciation in the average price of the Brazilian real against the U.S. dollar of 7.5% in 3Q16 compared to 2Q16).

 

·      Cost of goods sold decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15, due to the lower shipments and effects from exchange variation. Compared to 2Q16, the decrease in cost of goods sold is mainly explained by the lower shipments. The decrease in gross margin in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16 was mainly due to the lower dilution of fixed costs because of the lower shipments.

 

10



 

·      EBITDA and EBITDA margin in 3Q16 decreased in line with gross profit and gross margin in the comparisons with 3Q15 and 2Q16, with the declines partially neutralized by the reduction in selling, general and administrative expenses.

 

EBITDA (R$ million) and EBITDA Margin (%)

 

 

South America BD

 

Production and shipments

 

South America BD
(1,000 tonnes)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

Production of crude steel

 

301

 

297

 

1.3

%

297

 

1.3

%

917

 

910

 

0.8

%

Shipments of steel

 

516

 

583

 

-11.5

%

532

 

-3.0

%

1,554

 

1,672

 

-7.1

%

 

·      Shipments decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15, reflecting the weaker economic performances of certain countries where Gerdau operates. Compared to 2Q16, shipments decreased slightly in practically all regions.

 

Operating result

 

South America BD
(R$ million)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

Net Sales

 

1,120

 

1,434

 

-21.9

%

1,210

 

-7.4

%

3,566

 

3,996

 

-10.8

%

Cost of Goods Sold

 

(981

)

(1,269

)

-22.7

%

(1,025

)

-4.3

%

(3,038

)

(3,548

)

-14.4

%

Gross profit

 

139

 

165

 

-15.8

%

185

 

-24.9

%

528

 

448

 

17.9

%

Gross margin (%)

 

12.4

%

11.5

%

 

 

15.3

%

 

 

14.8

%

11.2

%

 

 

EBITDA

 

157

 

130

 

20.8

%

187

 

-16.0

%

528

 

351

 

50.4

%

EBITDA margin (%)

 

14.0

%

9.1

%

 

 

15.5

%

 

 

14.8

%

8.8

%

 

 

 

·      Net sales decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 due to lower shipments and the decrease in net sales per tonne sold. Cost of goods sold declined due to the lower shipments and lower cost per tonne sold. Cost of goods sold decreased faster than net sales due to the efforts to optimize costs made in recent quarters. Consequently, gross margin improved in the comparison period.

 

·      Compared to 2Q16, the decrease in net sales and cost of goods sold is explained mainly by the lower shipments.  In addition, the lower prices in the international market led to a decrease in net sales per tonne sold and consequently a decline in gross margin in 3Q16, however maintaining good levels.

 

·      EBITDA and EBITDA margin increased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 due to the reduction in operating expenses. Compared to 2Q16, EBITDA and EBITDA margin accompanied the declines in gross profit and gross margin, but   also reflected, to a lesser degree, the reduction in operating expenses.

 

11



 

EBITDA (R$ million) and EBITDA Margin (%)

 

 

12



 

Special Steel BD

 

Production and shipments

 

Special Steel BD
(1,000 tonnes)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Production of crude steel

 

461

 

651

 

-29.2

%

662

 

-30.4

%

1,860

 

2,278

 

-18.3

%

Shipments of steel

 

437

 

617

 

-29.2

%

595

 

-26.6

%

1,663

 

2,013

 

-17.4

%

 

·      Crude steel production and shipments decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, mainly due to the divestment of the units in Spain.

 

Operating result

 

Special Steel BD
(R$ million)

 

3rd Quarter
2016

 

3rd Quarter
2015

 

Variation
3Q16/3Q15

 

2nd Quarter
2016

 

Variation
3Q16/2Q16

 

9 Months
2016

 

9 Months
2015

 

Variation
9M16/9M15

 

Net Sales

 

1,386

 

2,194

 

-36.8

%

1,963

 

-29.4

%

5,519

 

6,697

 

-17.6

%

Cost of Goods Sold

 

(1,203

)

(2,060

)

-41.6

%

(1,753

)

-31.4

%

(5,040

)

(6,197

)

-18.7

%

Gross profit

 

183

 

134

 

36.6

%

210

 

-12.9

%

479

 

500

 

-4.2

%

Gross margin (%)

 

13.2

%

6.1

%

 

 

10.7

%

 

 

8.7

%

7.5

%

 

 

EBITDA

 

233

 

224

 

4.0

%

267

 

-12.7

%

674

 

699

 

-3.6

%

EBITDA margin (%)

 

16.8

%

10.2

%

 

 

13.6

%

 

 

12.2

%

10.4

%

 

 

 

·      Net sales decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, mainly due to lower shipments and the decline in net sales per tonne sold.

 

·      Cost of goods sold decreased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, mainly reflecting the lower shipments and reduction in cost per tonne sold. Gross margin increased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15 and 2Q16, mainly due to the divestment of the units in Spain. Specifically in the comparison with 2Q16, gross margin also improved due to the higher profitability of the units in the United States.

 

·      EBITDA increased in 3Q16 compared to 3Q15, but to a lesser degree than the increase in gross profit due to the lower depreciation in cost of goods sold in the comparison period. However, EBITDA margin accompanied the increase in gross margin due to the reduction in selling, general and administrative expenses in the comparison period. Compared to 2Q16, EBITDA and EBITDA margin increased, accompanying the performance of gross profit and gross margin.

 

EBITDA (R$ million) and EBITDA Margin (%)

 

 

THE MANAGEMENT

 

This document contains forward-looking statements. These statements are based on estimates, information or methods that

may be incorrect or inaccurate and that may not occur. These estimates are also subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that include, among other factors: general economic, political, and commercial conditions in Brazil and in the markets where we operate, as well as existing and future government regulations. Potential investors are cautioned that these forward-looking statements do not constitute guarantees of future performance, given that they involve risks and uncertainties. Gerdau does not undertake and expressly waives any obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements, which are valid only on the date on which they were made.

 

13



 

GERDAU S.A.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

In thousands of Brazilian reais (R$)

 

 

 

September 30, 2016

 

December 31, 2015

 

CURRENT ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

3,948,625

 

5,648,080

 

Short-term investments

 

 

 

 

 

Held for Trading

 

1,312,389

 

1,270,760

 

Trade accounts receivable - net

 

4,090,573

 

4,587,426

 

Inventories

 

6,911,010

 

8,781,113

 

Tax credits

 

568,253

 

673,155

 

Income and social contribution taxes recoverable

 

561,955

 

724,843

 

Unrealized gains on financial instruments

 

347

 

37,981

 

Other current assets

 

446,097

 

454,140

 

 

 

17,839,249

 

22,177,498

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NON-CURRENT ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

Tax credits

 

65,523

 

77,990

 

Deferred income taxes

 

3,472,308

 

4,307,462

 

Unrealized gains on financial instruments

 

8,347

 

5,620

 

Related parties

 

57,779

 

54,402

 

Judicial deposits

 

1,828,081

 

1,703,367

 

Other non-current assets

 

599,167

 

490,583

 

Prepaid pension cost

 

61,768

 

140,388

 

Investments in associates and jointly-controlled entities

 

1,031,045

 

1,392,882

 

Goodwill

 

12,286,912

 

15,124,430

 

Other Intangibles

 

1,387,976

 

1,835,761

 

Property, plant and equipment, net

 

20,074,552

 

22,784,326

 

 

 

40,873,458

 

47,917,211

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TOTAL ASSETS

 

58,712,707

 

70,094,709

 

 

14



 

GERDAU S.A.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

In thousands of  Brazilian reais (R$)

 

 

 

September 30, 2016

 

December 31, 2015

 

CURRENT LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

Trade accounts payable

 

2,557,663

 

3,629,788

 

Short-term debt

 

2,195,618

 

2,387,237

 

Taxes payable

 

322,839

 

349,674

 

Income and social contribution taxes payable

 

78,227

 

140,449

 

Payroll and related liabilities

 

521,139

 

480,430

 

Employee benefits

 

493

 

18,535

 

Environmental liabilities

 

23,533

 

27,736

 

Unrealized losses on financial instruments

 

9,999

 

 

Other current liabilities

 

458,775

 

829,182

 

 

 

6,168,286

 

7,863,031

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

Long-term debt

 

18,703,296

 

23,826,758

 

Debentures

 

199,261

 

246,862

 

Related parties

 

 

896

 

Deferred income taxes

 

726,322

 

914,475

 

Provision for tax, civil and labor liabilities

 

2,103,016

 

1,904,730

 

Environmental liabilities

 

63,426

 

136,070

 

Employee benefits

 

1,467,865

 

1,687,486

 

Obligations with FIDC

 

969,950

 

853,252

 

Other non-current liabilities

 

470,339

 

690,766

 

 

 

24,703,475

 

30,261,295

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

Capital

 

19,249,181

 

19,249,181

 

Treasury stocks

 

(101,838

)

(383,363

)

Capital reserves

 

11,597

 

11,597

 

Retained earnings

 

6,862,570

 

6,908,059

 

Operations with non-controlling interests

 

(2,873,335

)

(2,877,488

)

Other reserves

 

4,434,139

 

8,777,815

 

EQUITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE EQUITY HOLDERS OF THE PARENT

 

27,582,314

 

31,685,801

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS

 

258,632

 

284,582

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EQUITY

 

27,840,946

 

31,970,383

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

 

58,712,707

 

70,094,709

 

 

15



 

GERDAU S.A.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

In thousands of Brazilian reais (R$)

 

 

 

For the three-month period ended

 

For the nine-month period ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2016

 

September 30, 2015

 

September 30, 2016

 

September 30, 2015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NET SALES

 

8,698,749

 

11,925,345

 

29,032,038

 

33,132,112

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of sales

 

(7,652,292

)

(10,714,442

)

(26,089,599

)

(29,627,942

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

GROSS PROFIT

 

1,046,457

 

1,210,903

 

2,942,439

 

3,504,170

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling expenses

 

(139,149

)

(195,595

)

(529,090

)

(559,992

)

General and administrative expenses

 

(344,167

)

(434,561

)

(1,175,686

)

(1,367,184

)

Other operating income

 

95,618

 

26,479

 

197,675

 

126,858

 

Other operating expenses

 

(63,123

)

(18,925

)

(97,051

)

(86,162

)

Results in subsidiaries operation

 

 

 

(105,048

)

 

Impairment of assets

 

 

(1,867,586

)

 

(1,867,586

)

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated companies

 

(2,269

)

5,508

 

(9,959

)

19,310

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE FINANCIAL INCOME AND TAXES

 

593,367

 

(1,273,777

)

1,223,280

 

(230,586

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial income

 

60,180

 

101,887

 

180,992

 

305,515

 

Financial expenses

 

(491,927

)

(495,342

)

(1,501,229

)

(1,261,289

)

Exchange variations, net

 

(58,228

)

(1,044,407

)

884,388

 

(1,601,269

)

Gain and losses on financial instruments, net

 

(7,101

)

56,525

 

(45,321

)

70,259

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE TAXES

 

96,291

 

(2,655,114

)

742,110

 

(2,717,370

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

(41,053

)

53,554

 

(121,507

)

(236,234

)

Deferred

 

39,915

 

643,256

 

(432,055

)

1,527,135

 

Income and social contribution taxes

 

(1,138

)

696,810

 

(553,562

)

1,290,901

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NET INCOME (LOSS)

 

95,153

 

(1,958,304

)

188,548

 

(1,426,469

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(+) Results in subsidiaries operation

 

 

 

105,048

 

 

(+) Impairment of assets

 

 

1,867,586

 

 

1,867,586

 

(+) Reversal of deferred tax assets write-off

 

 

284,014

 

 

284,014

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ADJUSTED NET INCOME*

 

95,153

 

193,296

 

293,596

 

725,131

 

 


* Adjusted net income is a non-accounting indicator prepared by the Company, reconciled with the financial statements and consists of net income adjusted for extraordinary events that influenced the net income (loss), without cash effect.

 

16



 

GERDAU S.A.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

In thousands of Brazilian reais (R$)

 

 

 

For the nine-month period ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2016

 

September 30, 2015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) for the period

 

188,548

 

(1,426,469

)

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) for the period to net cash provided by operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

1,864,694

 

1,900,874

 

Impairment of Assets

 

 

1,867,586

 

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated companies

 

9,959

 

(19,310

)

Exchange variation, net

 

(884,388

)

1,601,269

 

Gains (Loss) on financial instruments, net

 

45,321

 

(70,259

)

Post-employment benefits

 

164,566

 

166,548

 

Stock based remuneration

 

32,371

 

36,141

 

Income and social contribution taxes

 

553,562

 

(1,290,901

)

Gains on disposal of property, plant and equipment, net

 

(34,262

)

(3,128

)

Results in subsidiaries operation

 

105,048

 

 

Allowance for doubtful accounts

 

48,523

 

60,604

 

Provision for tax, labor and civil claims

 

211,315

 

245,494

 

Interest income on trading securities

 

(71,971

)

(134,629

)

Interest expense on loans

 

1,152,538

 

1,102,310

 

Interest on loans with related parties

 

2,500

 

(2,578

)

(Reversal) Provision for net realizable value adjustment in inventory, net

 

(25,123

)

(8,384

)

 

 

3,363,201

 

4,025,168

 

Changes in assets and liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

(Increase) Decrease in trade accounts receivable

 

(387,180

)

481,661

 

Decrease in inventories

 

263,422

 

1,055,221

 

Decrease in trade accounts payable

 

(74,823

)

(334,393

)

Increase in other receivables

 

(209,546

)

(338,442

)

Decrease in other payables

 

(134,746

)

(147,985

)

Dividends from associates and jointly-controlled entities

 

117,962

 

33,794

 

Purchases of trading securities

 

(819,033

)

(900,546

)

Proceeds from maturities and sales of trading securities

 

705,967

 

2,561,015

 

Cash provided by operating activities

 

2,825,224

 

6,435,493

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest paid on loans and financing

 

(855,972

)

(652,608

)

Income and social contribution taxes paid

 

(132,307

)

(574,329

)

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

1,836,945

 

5,208,556

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

Additions to property, plant and equipment

 

(1,097,417

)

(1,769,175

)

Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment, investments and other intangibles

 

107,601

 

16,180

 

Additions to other intangibles

 

(46,715

)

(69,020

)

Payment for business acquisitions, net of cash of acquired entities

 

 

(20,929

)

Capital increase in jointly-controlled entity

 

 

(40,524

)

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(1,036,531

)

(1,883,468

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase of treasury shares

 

(95,343

)

(189,071

)

Dividends and interest on capital paid

 

(51,652

)

(283,509

)

Proceeds from loans and financing

 

2,150,196

 

1,822,209

 

Repayment of loans and financing

 

(3,827,887

)

(3,048,672

)

Intercompany loans, net

 

(6,774

)

39,335

 

Increase in controlling interest in subsidiaries

 

 

(339,068

)

Net cash used in financing activities

 

(1,831,460

)

(1,998,776

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exchange variation on cash and cash equivalents

 

(668,409

)

814,245

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Decrease) Increase in cash and cash equivalents

 

(1,699,455

)

2,140,557

 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 

5,648,080

 

3,049,971

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 

3,948,625

 

5,190,528

 

 

17