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Restructuring
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
Restructuring RESTRUCTURING
In accordance with the applicable guidance for ASC 712, Nonretirement Postemployment Benefits, we accounted for termination benefits and recognized liabilities when the loss was considered probable that employees were entitled to benefits and the amounts could be reasonably estimated.
We have incurred costs in connection with involuntary termination benefits associated with our corporate-related initiatives and cost-saving opportunities associated with our Fit For Growth and Axalta Way initiatives. These amounts are recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. The payments associated with these actions are expected to be completed within 12 to 24 months from the balance sheet date.
The following table summarizes the activity related to the restructuring reserves and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016:
Balance at January 1, 2016
 
$
41.3

Expense recorded
 
58.5

Payments made
 
(31.0
)
Foreign currency translation
 
(2.7
)
Balance at December 31, 2016
 
$
66.1

Expense recorded
 
36.2

Payments made
 
(36.1
)
Foreign currency translation
 
6.8

Venezuela deconsolidation impact
 
(1.5
)
Balance at December 31, 2017
 
$
71.5

Expense recorded
 
79.8

Payments made
 
(46.4
)
Foreign currency translation
 
(2.2
)
Balance at December 31, 2018
 
$
102.7


Restructuring charges incurred during 2018 and 2017 included actions to reduce operational costs through activities to rationalize our manufacturing footprint, including the impacts from the announced closure of our Mechelen, Belgium manufacturing facility announced during the year ended December 31, 2018. We are projecting to incur aggregate pre-tax charges of approximately $120-130 million, subject to future changes in estimates, in connection with the announced closure and transfer of production to other Axalta facilities. Components of the pre-tax charges include estimated non-cash accelerated depreciation costs of approximately $50-60 million associated with the reduced useful lives of the impacted manufacturing assets. Also included in these projections were $70.6 million in severance costs incurred during the year ended December 31, 2018, as previously communicated. No impairments to the associated long-lived assets were recorded. Manufacturing assets were also assessed, including assessment of assets totaling $55.8 million (€47.7 million) at our Mechelen, Belgium manufacturing facility, and as a result, useful lives of the assets were truncated.
The impacts to pre-tax earnings from incremental accelerated depreciation resulting from our manufacturing footprint assessments, including our Mechelen, Belgium site, for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 were $10.3 million and $4.3 million, respectively, and were recorded to cost of goods sold. During the year ended December 31, 2017, we also recorded impairment losses of $7.6 million associated with these manufacturing facilities based on market price estimates recorded within other expense, net.