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Revenue Revenue
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue REVENUE
We recognize revenue at the point our contractual performance obligations with our customers are satisfied. This occurs at the point in time when control of our products transfer to the customer based on considerations of right to payment, transfer of legal title, physical possession, risks and rewards of ownership and customer acceptance. For the majority of our revenue, control transfers upon shipment of our products to our customers. Our remaining revenue is recorded upon delivery or consumption for our product sales or as incurred for services provided and royalties earned.
For certain customer arrangements within our light vehicle, industrial and commercial vehicle end-markets, revenue is recognized upon shipment, as this is the point in time we have concluded that control of our product has transferred to our customer based on our considerations of the indicators of control in the contracts, including right of use and risk and reward of ownership. For consignment arrangements, revenue is recognized upon actual consumption by our customers, as this represents the point in time that control is determined to have transferred to the customer based on the contractual arrangement.
In our refinish end-market, our product sales are typically supplied through a network of distributors. Control transfers and revenue is recognized when our products are delivered to our distribution customers. Variable consideration in the form of price, less discounts and rebates, are estimated and recorded, as a reduction to net sales, upon the sale of our products based on our ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amounts expected to be received or incurred. The estimates of variable consideration involve significant assumptions based on the best estimates of inventory held by distributors, applicable pricing, as well as the use of historical actuals for sales, discounts and rebates, which may result in changes in estimates in the future.
Consideration for products in which control has transferred to our customers that is conditional on something other than the passage of time is recorded as a contract asset within prepaid expenses and other on the balance sheet. The contract asset balances at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were $39.1 million and $47.2 million, respectively.
We provide certain customers with incremental up-front consideration, subject to clawback provisions, including Business Incentive Plan assets ("BIPs"), which is capitalized as a component of other assets and amortized over the estimated life of the contractual arrangement as a reduction of net sales. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the total carrying value of BIPs were $188.1 million and $190.8 million, respectively, and are presented within other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, $17.7 million, $50.8 million, $16.8 million and $49.9 million, respectively, were amortized and reflected as reductions of net sales in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The total carrying value of BIPs exclude other upfront incentives made in conjunction with long-term customer commitments of $85.5 million and $56.0 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, which will be repaid in future periods.
See Note 18 for disaggregated net sales by end-market.