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Fair Value

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

5. Fair Value

The Company utilizes a hierarchy that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques (market approach, income approach and cost approach that relate to its financial assets and financial liabilities). The levels of the hierarchy are described as follows:

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Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

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Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; these include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

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Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions.

Management’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of financial assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy. The Company’s financial assets that are accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis are presented in the tables below:

	Marketable Securities Fair Value as of
	October 31, 2019
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Corporate bonds	$	171,138	$	—	$	—	$	171,138
Municipal and pre-refunded municipal bonds		—		60,053		—		60,053
Federal government agencies		7,976		—		—		7,976
Mutual funds, held in rabbi trust		7,804		—		—		7,804
Certificates of deposit		—		4,860		—		4,860
Commercial paper		—		1,987		—		1,987
	$	186,918	$	66,900	$	—	$	253,818

	Marketable Securities Fair Value as of
	January 31, 2019
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Corporate bonds	$	261,333	$	—	$	—	$	261,333
Municipal and pre-refunded municipal bonds		—		51,232		—		51,232
Federal government agencies		8,062		—		—		8,062
Mutual funds, held in rabbi trust		6,751		—		—		6,751
Certificates of deposit		—		3,193		—		3,193
Commercial paper		—		2,979		—		2,979
Treasury bills		2,974		—		—		2,974
	$	279,120	$	57,404	$	—	$	336,524

	Marketable Securities Fair Value as of
	October 31, 2018
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Corporate bonds	$	225,062	$	—	$	—	$	225,062
Municipal and pre-refunded municipal bonds		—		35,798		—		35,798
Mutual funds, held in rabbi trust		6,459		—		—		6,459
Certificates of deposit		—		3,145		—		3,145
Commercial paper		—		2,960		—		2,960
	$	231,521	$	41,903	$	—	$	273,424

Financial assets

Level 1 assets consist of financial instruments whose value has been based on inputs that use, as their basis, readily observable market data that are actively quoted and are validated through external sources, including third-party pricing services and brokers.

Level 2 assets consist of financial instruments whose value has been based on quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets as well as quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

Level 3 assets consist of financial instruments where there has been no active market. The Company held no Level 3 financial instruments as of October 31, 2019, January 31, 2019 and October 31, 2018.

The fair value of cash and cash equivalents (Level 1) approximates carrying value since cash and cash equivalents consist of short-term highly liquid investments with maturities of less than three months at the time of purchase. As of October 31, 2019, January 31, 2019 and October 31, 2018, cash and cash equivalents included cash on hand, cash in banks, money market accounts and marketable securities with maturities of less than three months at the time of purchase.

Non-financial assets

The Company’s non-financial assets, primarily consisting of property and equipment, lease-related right-of-use assets and goodwill, are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable and, in the case of goodwill, an annual assessment is performed.

The fair value of property and equipment was determined using a discounted cash-flow model that utilized Level 3 inputs. The Company’s retail locations are reviewed for impairment at the retail location level, which is the lowest level at which individual cash flows can be identified. In calculating future cash flows, the Company makes estimates regarding future operating results based on its experience and knowledge of market factors in which the retail location is located. Right-of-use assets are tested for impairment in the same manner as property and equipment. Goodwill has been assigned to reporting units for purposes of impairment testing. The Company evaluates goodwill to determine if the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit. For the three and nine months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018, impairment charges were zero.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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