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Income Taxes
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The Company makes an estimate of its anticipated effective tax rate for the year as of the end of each quarterly period within its fiscal year. In interim periods, income tax expense is calculated by applying the anticipated annual effective tax rate to year-to-date earnings before income taxes. Certain unusual or infrequently occurring items are excluded from the estimated annual rate calculation. Such items include regulatory disallowances, Merger-related costs, and excess tax benefits or deficiencies related to stock awards. At June 30, 2025, TXNM, PNM, and TNMP estimated their effective income tax rates for
the year ended December 31, 2025 would be 13.37%, 9.35%, and 20.52%. The primary difference between the statutory income tax rates and the effective tax rates is the effect of the reduction in income tax expense resulting from the amortization of excess deferred federal income taxes.

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, income tax expense calculated by applying the expected annual effective income tax rate to earnings before income taxes was further decreased by excess tax benefits related to stock awards of $0.4 million for TXNM, of which $0.3 million was allocated to PNM and $0.1 million was allocated to TNMP, and by tax benefits on Merger-related costs of $3.6 million for TXNM, with immaterial amounts allocated to PNM and TNMP.

Beginning February 2018, PNM’s NM 2016 Rate Case reflected the reduction in the federal corporate income tax rate resulting from enactment of legislation commonly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”), including amortization of excess deferred federal income taxes. In accordance with the order in that case, PNM is returning the protected portion of excess deferred federal income taxes to customers over the average remaining life of plant in service as of December 31, 2017, and had been returning the unprotected portion of excess deferred federal income taxes to customers over a period of approximately twenty-three years. Pursuant to the final order in the 2024 Rate Change, the remaining balance of $62.7 million of unprotected excess deferred income taxes is being returned over a four-year period. The approved settlement in the TNMP 2018 Rate Case includes a reduction in customer rates to reflect the impacts of the TCJA beginning on January 1, 2019. TXNM, PNM, and TNMP will amortize federal excess deferred income taxes of $25.6 million, $22.9 million, and $2.7 million in 2025. See additional discussion of the impacts of the TCJA in Note 18 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2024 Annual Reports on Form 10-K.

On July 4, 2025, changes in U.S. federal income tax laws were enacted through the OBBBA. The OBBBA generally extends and makes permanent the changes from the TCJA, including maintaining the 21% corporate tax rate, interest deductibility for regulated electric utilities, and state and local tax deductibility. The OBBBA also accelerates the phase-out of certain Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 energy tax credits and restricts the availability of credits for “foreign entities of concern.” TXNM is evaluating the full effects of the OBBBA on its estimated annual effective tax rate and cash tax position but does not expect the OBBBA to have a material impact on its financial statements. As the OBBBA was signed into law after the close of the second quarter of 2025, no impacts are included in TXNM’s operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025.