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Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2019
Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 1. Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies For financial statement presentation and reporting purposes, the Company is the successor to Gaylord Entertainment Company, a Delaware corporation (“Gaylord”). As part of the plan to restructure the business operations of Gaylord to facilitate its qualification as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for federal income tax purposes, Gaylord merged with and into its wholly-owned subsidiary, Ryman Hospitality Properties, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Ryman”), on October 1, 2012, with Ryman as the surviving corporation (the “Merger”). At 12:01 a.m. on October 1, 2012, the effective time of the Merger, Ryman succeeded to and began conducting, directly or indirectly, all of the business conducted by Gaylord immediately prior to the Merger. The “Company” refers to Ryman and its subsidiaries and to Gaylord. On January 1, 2013, the Company began operating as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, specializing in group-oriented, destination hotel assets in urban and resort markets. The Company’s owned assets include a network of upscale, meetings-focused resorts that are managed by Marriott International, Inc. (“Marriott”) under the Gaylord Hotels brand. These resorts, which the Company refers to as the Gaylord Hotels properties, consist of the Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center in Nashville, Tennessee (“Gaylord Opryland”), the Gaylord Palms Resort & Convention Center near Orlando, Florida (“Gaylord Palms”), the Gaylord Texan Resort & Convention Center near Dallas, Texas (“Gaylord Texan”) and the Gaylord National Resort & Convention Center near Washington D.C. (“Gaylord National”). The Company’s other owned hotel assets managed by Marriott include the Inn at Opryland, an overflow hotel adjacent to Gaylord Opryland, and the AC Hotel at National Harbor, Washington D.C. (“AC Hotel”), an overflow hotel adjacent to Gaylord National. The Company also owns a 62.1% interest in a joint venture (the “Gaylord Rockies joint venture”) that owns the Gaylord Rockies Resort & Convention Center near Denver, Colorado (“Gaylord Rockies”), which opened in December 2018 and is managed by Marriott. For more information regarding the Company’s increase in its ownership percentage in the Gaylord Rockies joint venture as of December 31, 2018, see Note 4, “Investment in Gaylord Rockies Joint Venture.” The Company also owns a number of media and entertainment assets, including the Grand Ole Opry, the legendary weekly showcase of country music’s finest performers; the Ryman Auditorium, the storied live music venue and former home of the Grand Ole Opry located in downtown Nashville; WSM-AM, the Opry’s radio home; Ole Red, a brand of Blake Shelton-themed bar, music venue and event spaces; and three Nashville-based assets managed by Marriott – Gaylord Springs Golf Links (“Gaylord Springs”), the Wildhorse Saloon, and the General Jackson Showboat (“General Jackson”). The Company also owns a 50% interest in a joint venture intended to create and distribute a linear multicast and over-the-top channel dedicated to the country music lifestyle (“Circle”), which launched its broadcast network on January 1, 2020. See Note 13, “Commitments and Contingencies,” for further disclosure. The Company previously owned Opry City Stage, a four-level entertainment complex in Times Square that opened in December 2017 under a joint venture agreement of which the Company initially owned 50%. In the second quarter of 2018, the Company acquired the remaining 50% joint venture interest in Opry City Stage for a combination of $3.9 million in cash and the forgiveness of a note receivable previously due to the Company from the other joint venture partner of $7.9 million. Subsequent to the Company’s purchase of the remaining 50% joint venture interest, the Company determined that current ongoing operations were not meeting the revenue expectations from the time of purchase. In September 2018, the Company announced that it was temporarily suspending operations at Opry City Stage to appropriately reposition the venue and its operations, and in December 2018, the Company determined that it would permanently close the venue. During 2018, the Company performed impairment assessments of the carrying amount of Opry City Stage assets and recorded impairment charges of $22.6 million, which represented substantially all of the assets associated with the venue, and are reflected as impairment charges in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for 2018. The Company conducts its business through an umbrella partnership REIT, in which all of its assets are held by, and all of its operations are conducted through, RHP Hotel Properties, LP, a subsidiary operating partnership (the “Operating Partnership”) that the Company formed in connection with its REIT conversion. Ryman is the sole limited partner of the Operating Partnership and currently owns, either directly or indirectly, all of the partnership units of the Operating Partnership. RHP Finance Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“Finco”), was formed as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Operating Partnership for the sole purpose of being an issuer of debt securities with the Operating Partnership. Neither Ryman nor Finco has any material assets, other than Ryman’s investment in the Operating Partnership and its 100%-owned subsidiaries. As 100%-owned subsidiaries of Ryman, neither the Operating Partnership nor Finco has any business, operations, financial results or other material information, other than the business, operations, financial results and other material information described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and Ryman’s other reports, documents or other information filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. On December 31, 2018, the Company amended the limited partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership to provide that its partnership units may be exchanged on a one-for-one basis for shares of the Company’s common stock. Under certain circumstances, the Company may issue such partnership units as consideration to acquire hotel properties. The Company principally operates, through its subsidiaries and its property managers, as applicable, in the following business segments: Hospitality; Entertainment; and Corporate and Other. The Company’s fiscal year ends on December 31 for all periods presented. Business Segments Hospitality The Hospitality segment includes the Gaylord Hotels branded hotels, the Inn at Opryland and the AC Hotel, as well as the Company’s equity investment in Gaylord Rockies. See Note 4, “Investment in Gaylord Rockies Joint Venture,” for further discussion of this investment. Each of the Company’s hotels, as well as Gaylord Rockies, is managed by Marriott pursuant to a management agreement for each hotel. Entertainment The Entertainment segment includes the Grand Ole Opry, the Ryman Auditorium, WSM-AM, Ole Red, the General Jackson, the Wildhorse Saloon, Gaylord Springs, and the Company’s investment in the Circle joint venture, among various others. Marriott manages the day-to-day operations of the General Jackson, Gaylord Springs and the Wildhorse Saloon pursuant to management agreements. Corporate and Other The Corporate and Other segment includes operating and general and administrative expenses related to the overall management of the Company which are not allocated to the other reportable segments, including certain costs for the Company’s retirement plans, equity-based compensation plans, information technology, human resources, accounting, and other administrative expenses. Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Company’s investments in non-controlled entities in which it has the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies are accounted for by the equity method. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company analyzes its variable interests, including loans, guarantees, management agreements, leasing arrangements and equity investments, to determine if an entity in which it has a variable interest is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). This analysis primarily includes a qualitative review, which is based on a review of the design of the entity, its organizational structure, including decision-making ability, and relevant financial agreements. This analysis is also used to determine if the Company must consolidate the VIE as the primary beneficiary. The terms of the Company’s increased investment in the Gaylord Rockies joint venture and certain related agreements provide that a subsidiary of the Company is the managing member and is responsible for day-to-day management of the joint venture and for future financings meeting certain parameters. Designated decisions, such as refinancings that do not meet established parameters, future expansions of the hotel, transactions with affiliates, selling the hotel, and admitting additional members of the joint venture, are to be approved by a majority vote of a committee consisting of two members designated by the Company and two members designated by the minority partner. Based on management’s analysis of these updated agreements, management concluded the Company’s responsibility for the day-to-day management of the joint venture and for future financings meeting certain parameters results in the Company having the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the joint venture. In addition, the shared decisions represent protective rights of both parties. Thus, the Company became the primary beneficiary of this variable interest entity at December 31, 2018. As such, the Company consolidated the assets and liabilities of the joint venture effective December 31, 2018 and began consolidating the ongoing operations of the joint venture effective January 1, 2019. See “Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Joint Venture” and Note 4, “Investment in Gaylord Rockies Joint Venture,” below for further discussion. The terms of the Company's joint venture agreement in Circle provide that the Company and its joint venture partner each share the authority to make major decisions in the joint venture, including operating plans, entering into certain contracts, admitting additional members of the joint venture, issuing additional membership interests, and amending the operating agreement. In addition, the officers of Circle are not employees of the Company. Based on management’s analysis of the joint venture agreement, management concluded that the Company is not the primary beneficiary of this variable interest entity and accounts for this investment under the equity method. Potential Acquisition In December 2019, the Company entered into an agreement to purchase Block 21, a mixed-use entertainment, lodging, office and retail complex located in Austin, Texas, for $275 million, which includes the assumption of approximately $141 million of existing mortgage debt. Block 21 is the home of the Austin City Limits Live at The Moody Theater (“ACL Live”), a 2,750-seat entertainment venue that serves as the filming location for the Austin City Limits television series. The Block 21 complex also includes the 251-room W Austin Hotel, the 350-seat 3TEN at ACL Live club and approximately 53,000 square feet of Class A commercial space. The Company paid a nonrefundable deposit of $15 million with the agreement, and the acquisition is expected to close at the end of the first quarter or in early second quarter 2020, subject to customary closing conditions including, but not limited to, consent to the Company’s assumption of the existing mortgage loan by the loan servicer and the consent of the hotel property manager, an affiliate of Marriott, to the Company’s assignment and assumption of the existing hotel management agreement. The Company intends to fund the acquisition with a portion of the proceeds from the equity offering discussed in Note 11, “Equity.” Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost or at estimated fair value if recorded in connection with purchase accounting. Improvements and significant renovations that extend the lives of existing assets are capitalized. Interest on funds borrowed to finance the construction of major capital additions not funded through furniture, fixtures and equipment reserves is included in the cost of the applicable capital addition. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Property and equipment are generally depreciated using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives:
​ | ​ | ​
Buildings |  | 40 years
Land improvements |  | 20 years
Furniture, fixtures and equipment |  | 5-8 years
Leasehold improvements |  | The shorter of the lease term or useful life
​ Cash and Cash Equivalents — Unrestricted The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and Cash Equivalents — Restricted Restricted cash and cash equivalents primarily represent funds held by our property managers for furniture, fixtures and equipment reserves. In addition, the Company holds certificates of deposit with an original maturity of greater than three months in order to secure its Tennessee workers’ compensation self-insurance obligations. Supplemental Cash Flow Information Cash paid for interest for the years ended December 31 was comprised of (amounts in thousands):
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Debt interest paid | ​ | $ | 121,876 | ​ | $ | 74,821 | ​ | $ | 63,325
Capitalized interest | ​ |  | (1,618) | ​ |  | (10,013) | ​ |  | (6,645)
Cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest | ​ | $ | 120,258 | ​ | $ | 64,808 | ​ | $ | 56,680
​ Net cash payments of income taxes in 2019, 2018 and 2017 were $3.6 million, $1.6 million and $4.1 million, respectively. Accounts Receivable The Company’s accounts receivable are primarily generated by meetings and convention attendees’ room nights and food and beverage. Receivables arising from these sales are not collateralized. Credit risk associated with the accounts receivable is minimized due to the large and diverse nature of the customer base. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts The Company provides allowances for doubtful accounts based upon a percentage of revenue and periodic evaluations of the aging of accounts receivable. Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets Prepaid expenses and other assets at December 31 consist of (amounts in thousands):
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Prepaid expenses | ​ | $ | 18,888 | ​ | $ | 15,732
Supplemental deferred compensation plan assets | ​ |  | 29,174 | ​ |  | 24,687
Tax rebate receivables | ​ | ​ | 20,389 | ​ | ​ | 17,143
Earnest money deposit for potential Block 21 acquisition | ​ | ​ | 15,000 | ​ | ​ | —
Inventories | ​ |  | 10,329 | ​ |  | 9,823
Deferred financing costs on revolving credit facility | ​ | ​ | 8,493 | ​ | ​ | —
Derivative assets | ​ | ​ | 3,808 | ​ | ​ | —
Other | ​ |  | 17,764 | ​ |  | 10,855
Total prepaid expenses and other assets | ​ | $ | 123,845 | ​ | $ | 78,240
​ Prepaid expenses consist of prepayments for property taxes, insurance and other contracts that will be expensed during the subsequent year. Inventories consist primarily of food and beverage inventory for resale and retail inventory sold in the Entertainment segment. Inventory is carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed on an average cost basis. Deferred financing costs (“DFCs”) on the Company’s revolving credit facility are included in prepaid expenses and other assets when the related revolving credit facility has no outstanding balance. Other assets include capitalized software costs, non-trade receivables, and investments in joint ventures, among others. The Gaylord Rockies joint venture is party to an incentive agreement with the local government that provides that the joint venture is entitled to receive monthly rebates of certain city and state taxes, including property, sales and lodging taxes. The term of the rebate agreement varies by type of tax but ranges from 25-33 years from commencement of the construction of Gaylord Rockies. The joint venture earned $34.6 million in rebates in 2019, which are generally recorded as a reduction in other hotel expenses in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations for 2019. Intangible Assets In connection with the Company’s purchase price allocation of the Gaylord Rockies joint venture, as discussed further in Note 4, “Investment in Gaylord Rockies Joint Venture,” the Company acquired certain definite-lived intangibles, which are shown on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Included in these intangibles are the original estimated fair value of advanced bookings of $125.5 million and the original estimated fair value related to the Gaylord Hotels trade name, which Marriott owns, of $115.3 million. The advanced bookings asset is being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of 3.5 years, which corresponds with the period in which the advanced deposits relate, and the value in the trade name is being amortized on a straight-line basis over 30 years, which is the period of the Marriott management agreement. The gross carrying amount of intangible assets at December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $252.7 million and $252.2 million, respectively. Accumulated amortization of intangible assets at December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $45.6 million and $5.4 million, respectively. Amortization expense related to intangible assets during 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $40.2 million, $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively. The estimated amounts of amortization expense for the next five years are as follows (amounts in thousands):
​ | ​ | ​ | ​
2020 |  | $ | 40,198
2021 | ​ |  | 40,198
2022 | ​ |  | 22,240
2023 | ​ |  | 4,282
2024 | ​ |  | 4,044
​ | ​ | $ | 110,962
​ Investments From time to time, the Company has owned minority interest investments in certain businesses. Generally, non-marketable investments (excluding limited partnerships and limited liability company interests) in which the Company owns less than 20 percent are accounted for using the cost method of accounting, and investments in which the Company owns between 20 percent and 50 percent and limited partnerships, including its investment in Circle, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities Accounts payable and accrued liabilities at December 31 consist of (amounts in thousands):
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Trade accounts payable | ​ | $ | 40,238 | ​ | $ | 77,620
Property and other taxes payable | ​ |  | 57,668 | ​ |  | 35,947
Deferred revenues | ​ |  | 76,744 | ​ |  | 69,280
Accrued salaries and benefits | ​ |  | 35,303 | ​ |  | 21,544
Accrued interest payable | ​ |  | 16,520 | ​ |  | 16,027
Other accrued liabilities | ​ |  | 38,442 | ​ |  | 54,472
Total accounts payable and accrued liabilities | ​ | $ | 264,915 | ​ | $ | 274,890
​ Deferred revenues consist primarily of deposits on advance bookings of hotel rooms and advance ticket sales at the Company’s tourism properties, as well as uncollected attrition and cancellation fees. Other accrued liabilities include accruals for, among others, purchasing, meeting planner commissions and utilities. Income Taxes The Company establishes deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the difference between the financial statement and income tax carrying amounts of assets and liabilities using existing tax laws and tax rates. The Company reports a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. See Note 12, “Income Taxes,” for more detail on the Company’s income taxes. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in the tax rate is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date of the rate change. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. The Company has considered projected future taxable income and ongoing feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. Deferred Management Rights Proceeds The Company has deferred and amortizes the proceeds received from Marriott that were allocated to the sale of the management rights, as discussed further in Note 6, “Deferred Management Rights Proceeds,” on a straight-line basis over the term of the hotel management agreements, including extensions, as a reduction in management fee expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Other Liabilities Other liabilities at December 31 consist of (amounts in thousands):
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Pension and postretirement benefits liability | ​ | $ | 32,670 | ​ | $ | 34,712
Straight-line lease liability | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 100,068
Deferred compensation liability | ​ |  | 29,174 | ​ |  | 24,687
Derivative liabilities | ​ | ​ | 2,174 | ​ | ​ | —
Other | ​ |  | 953 | ​ |  | 1,576
Total other liabilities | ​ | $ | 64,971 | ​ | $ | 161,043
​ Deferred Financing Costs DFCs consist of loan fees and other costs of financing that are amortized over the term of the related financing agreements, using the effective interest method, and are generally presented as a reduction of the related debt liability. DFCs on the Company’s revolving credit facility are included in prepaid expenses and other assets when the related revolving credit facility has no outstanding balance. During 2019, 2018 and 2017, DFCs of $7.7 million, $5.6 million and $5.4 million, respectively, were amortized and recorded as interest expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. As a result of refinancing portions of the Company’s outstanding debt, the Company wrote off $3.1 million, $2.0 million and $0.9 million of DFCs during 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, which are included in interest expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Joint Venture The noncontrolling interest in the Gaylord Rockies joint venture represents the minority partners’ proportionate share of the assets and liabilities of the joint venture. The noncontrolling interest is classified in the mezzanine section of the consolidated balance sheets as the related redemption options do not meet the requirements for permanent equity classification because these redemption options may be redeemed by the holder as described in Note 4, “Investment in Gaylord Rockies Joint Venture.” The initial value of the noncontrolling interest, which includes certain put rights, was estimated based on the purchase price allocation performed and is discussed further in Note 4, “Investment in Gaylord Rockies Joint Venture.” In general, the carrying value on a go-forward basis will be based on the greater of the accumulated historical cost or the put right redemption value, and at December 31, 2019, approximates the fair value of the noncontrolling interest. Beginning in 2019, an adjustment is also made for the minority partners’ proportionate share of income or loss. Revenue Recognition Revenues from occupied hotel rooms are recognized over time as the daily hotel stay is provided to hotel groups and guests. Revenues from concessions, food and beverage sales and group meeting services are recognized over the period or at the point in time those goods or services are delivered to the hotel group or guest. Revenues from ancillary services at the Company’s hotels, such as spa, parking, and transportation services, are generally recognized at the time the goods or services are provided. Cancellation fees and attrition fees, which are charged to groups when they do not fulfill the minimum number of room nights or minimum food and beverage spending requirements originally contracted for, are generally recognized as revenue in the period the Company determines it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of revenue recognized will not occur, which is typically the period these fees are collected. The Company generally recognizes revenues from the Entertainment segment at the point in time that services are provided or goods are delivered or shipped to the customer, as applicable. The Company is required to collect certain taxes from customers on behalf of government agencies and remit these to the applicable governmental entity on a periodic basis. These taxes are collected from customers at the time of purchase, but are not included in revenue. The Company records a liability upon collection from the customer and relieves the liability when payments are remitted to the applicable governmental agency. The Company’s revenues disaggregated by major source are as follows (in thousands):
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Hotel group rooms | ​ | $ | 387,741 | ​ | $ | 312,364 | ​ | $ | 294,411
Hotel transient rooms |  | ​ | 169,821 |  |  | 142,006 |  |  | 137,357
Hotel food and beverage - banquets |  | ​ | 453,612 |  |  | 360,181 |  |  | 329,655
Hotel food and beverage - outlets |  | ​ | 207,158 |  |  | 159,662 |  |  | 154,290
Hotel other |  | ​ | 203,114 |  |  | 153,690 |  |  | 143,947
Entertainment admissions/ticketing |  | ​ | 81,434 |  |  | 69,291 |  |  | 63,586
Entertainment food and beverage |  | ​ | 63,815 |  |  | 45,961 |  |  | 31,901
Entertainment retail and other |  | ​ | 37,871 |  |  | 31,963 |  |  | 29,572
Total revenues |  | $ | 1,604,566 |  | $ | 1,275,118 |  | $ | 1,184,719
​ The Company’s Hospitality segment revenues disaggregated by location are as follows (in thousands):
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Gaylord Opryland |  | $ | 385,610 | ​ | $ | 365,999 | ​ | $ | 337,764
Gaylord Palms |  | ​ | 208,298 | ​ |  | 200,763 | ​ |  | 195,735
Gaylord Texan |  | ​ | 292,548 | ​ |  | 260,418 | ​ |  | 230,085
Gaylord National |  | ​ | 281,367 | ​ |  | 274,299 | ​ |  | 268,313
Gaylord Rockies | ​ | ​ | 226,576 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
AC Hotel |  | ​ | 11,725 | ​ |  | 10,761 | ​ |  | 11,805
Inn at Opryland and other |  | ​ | 15,322 | ​ |  | 15,663 | ​ |  | 15,958
Total Hospitality segment revenues | ​ | $ | 1,421,446 | ​ | $ | 1,127,903 | ​ | $ | 1,059,660
​ The majority of the Company’s Entertainment segment revenues are concentrated in Tennessee. The Company records deferred revenues when cash payments are received in advance of its performance obligations, primarily related to advanced deposits on hotel rooms in its Hospitality segment and advanced ticketing in its Entertainment segment. At December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had $76.7 million and $69.3 million, respectively, in deferred revenues, which are included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Of the amount outstanding at December 31, 2018, approximately $54.9 million was recognized in revenues during 2019. Management Fees The Company pays Marriott a base management fee of approximately 2% of revenues for the wholly-owned properties that Marriott manages and a base management fee of approximately 3% of revenues for Gaylord Rockies, as well as an incentive fee for each managed property that is based on profitability. The Company incurred $31.6 million, $23.3 million and $22.0 million in base management fees to Marriott during 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company incurred $12.6 million, $11.8 million and $6.1 million in incentive fees to Marriott during 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Management fees are presented in the consolidated statements of operations net of the amortization of the deferred management rights proceeds discussed further in Note 6, “Deferred Management Rights Proceeds.” Advertising Costs Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and were $53.2 million, $41.2 million, and $38.4 million for 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Stock-Based Compensation The Company has stock-based employee compensation plans, which are described more fully in Note 8, “Stock Plans.” The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation plan under the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation.” Preopening Costs The Company expenses the costs associated with start-up activities and organization costs associated with its development or reopening of hotels and significant attractions as incurred. The Company’s preopening costs during 2019 include costs associated with Ole Red Gatlinburg, which opened in March 2019, costs associated with the opening of Gaylord Rockies, which opened on a fully operational basis in January 2019, and costs associated with the ongoing expansion at Gaylord Palms, which is scheduled to be completed in summer 2021. The Company’s preopening costs during 2018 include costs associated with an expansion of the guest rooms and convention space at Gaylord Texan, which opened in May 2018, costs associated with Ole Red Nashville, which opened in May 2018, and costs associated with SoundWaves, an indoor/outdoor luxury waterpark at Gaylord Opryland, the indoor portion of which opened in December 2018. Derivative Financial Instruments The Company has entered into and may in the future enter into additional interest rate swap agreements to hedge against interest rate fluctuations. Neither the Company nor the Gaylord Rockies joint venture uses derivatives for trading or speculative purposes and currently does not hold any derivatives that are not designated as hedges. For derivatives designated as and that qualify as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk, the gain or loss on the derivative resulting from recording each instrument at estimated fair value is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss and subsequently reclassified to interest expense in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. These amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the related variable-rate debt. The Company estimates that an immaterial amount will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to interest expense in the next twelve months. Impairment of Long-Lived and Other Assets In accounting for the Company’s long-lived and other assets (including its property and equipment, intangible assets and notes receivable associated with the development of Gaylord National and Gaylord Rockies), the Company assesses its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of property and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets that will continue to be used is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the asset or asset group to the related total future undiscounted net cash flows. If an asset or asset group’s carrying value is not recoverable through those cash flows, the asset group is considered to be impaired. The impairment is measured by the difference between the assets’ carrying amount and their fair value, which is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses that utilize comprehensive cash flow projections, as well as observable market data to the extent available. Recoverability of the notes receivable associated with Gaylord National is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the notes to the fair value of the notes. If the carrying value is greater than the fair value, the Company then assesses if the decline in fair value is other-than-temporary, because of the Company’s intent and ability to hold the notes receivable to maturity. If the decline in fair value, which is based on whether the Company expects to receive debt service payments in excess of the carrying value under the notes, is deemed to be other-than-temporary, then the notes receivable are impaired. Subsequent to the recognition of an other-than-temporary impairment, the Company accounts for the notes receivable as if it had been purchased on the measurement date of the other-than-temporary impairment at an amortized cost basis equal to the previous amortized cost basis less the other-than-temporary impairment previously recognized in earnings. The difference between the new amortized cost basis and the cash flows expected to be collected is accreted into interest income. See Note 3, “Notes Receivable,” for further disclosure. Income Per Share Earnings per share is measured as basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding after considering the effect of conversion of dilutive instruments, calculated using the treasury stock method or if-converted method, as applicable. Net income per share amounts are calculated as follows for the years ended December 31 (income and share amounts in thousands):
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | 2019
​ |  | Income |  | Shares |  | Per Share
Net income available to common stockholders | ​ | $ | 145,794 | ​ | 51,609 | ​ | $ | 2.82
Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | 169 | ​ | ​ | —
Effect of dilutive put rights | ​ |  | — |  | 197 | ​ |  | —
Net income available to common stockholders — assuming dilution | ​ | $ | 145,794 |  | 51,975 | ​ | $ | 2.81
​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | 2018
​ |  | Income |  | Shares |  | Per Share
Net income available to common stockholders | ​ | $ | 264,670 |  | 51,294 | ​ | $ | 5.16
Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation | ​ |  | — |  | 213 | ​ |  | —
Net income available to common stockholders — assuming dilution | ​ | $ | 264,670 |  | 51,507 | ​ | $ | 5.14
​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | 2017
​ |  | Income |  | Shares |  | Per Share
Net income available to common stockholders | ​ | $ | 176,100 |  | 51,147 | ​ | $ | 3.44
Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation | ​ |  | — |  | 224 | ​ |  | —
Net income available to common stockholders — assuming dilution | ​ | $ | 176,100 |  | 51,371 | ​ | $ | 3.43
​ As more fully discussed in Note 4, “Investment in Gaylord Rockies Joint Venture,” to the consolidated financial statements included herein, certain affiliates of Ares Management, L.P. (“Ares”) each have a put right to require the Company to purchase their joint venture interests in the Gaylord Rockies joint venture in consideration of cash or operating partnership units (“OP Units”) of the Operating Partnership. Any OP Units issued by the Operating Partnership to the certain affiliates of Ares will be redeemable at the option of the holders thereof for shares of the Company’s common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to certain adjustments. ​ Accounting Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Newly Issued Accounting Standards In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases” (ASC 842), that requires lessees to put most leases on their balance sheet, but recognize expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to previous accounting. ASC 842 also eliminates the required use of bright-line tests for determining lease classification. The Company adopted ASC 842 as of January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach. Existing leases were recorded at the adoption date and comparative periods were not restated and are presented based on previous existing guidance. The Company also adopted several practical expedients, which allowed the Company to avoid reassessing (i) whether an expired or existing contract meets the definition of a lease; (ii) the lease classification at the adoption date for existing leases; and (iii) whether costs previously capitalized as initial direct costs would continue to be amortized. In addition, the Company elected to adopt a practical expedient that allows the Company to avoid reassessing existing or expired land easements that were not previously accounted for as a lease, as well as a practical expedient that allows the Company to avoid separating nonlease components from lease components and instead to account for each separate lease component and related nonlease component as a single lease component. As permitted, the Company has elected to not apply the recognition requirements of ASC 842 to short-term leases. Adoption of this new standard resulted in the recording of right-of-use operating lease assets and operating lease liabilities of $100.9 million as of January 1, 2019. However, after considering the Company’s previous straight-line lease liability of $100.1 million, the Company recorded $0.8 million in net right-of-use assets related to its operating leases as of January 1, 2019. Right-of-use assets are recorded in prepaid expenses and other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2019. See Note 2, “Property and Equipment,” and Note 7, “Leases,” for additional disclosures regarding the Company’s leases. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses – Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” which will change how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The ASU will replace the current “incurred loss” approach with an “expected loss” model for instruments measured at amortized cost. For trade and other receivables, held-to-maturity debt securities, loans and other instruments, entities will be required to use a new forward-looking “expected loss” model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses. An entity will apply these amendments with a modified-retrospective approach, with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of period of adoption. For debt securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment has been previously recognized, a prospective transition approach for the prior other-than-temporary impairment is required. The Company will adopt this ASU in the first quarter of 2020 and anticipates making an adjustment to beginning retained earnings of approximately $3 million to $7 million. The Company does not anticipate any other significant impacts on its financial statements. In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging – Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,” which makes more financial and nonfinancial hedging strategies eligible for hedge accounting, changes how companies assess hedge effectiveness, and amends the presentation and disclosure requirements for hedging transactions. The Company adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2019, and this adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income: Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,” which gives entities the option to reclassify to retained earnings tax effects related to items that have been stranded in accumulated other comprehensive income as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”). An entity that elects to reclassify these amounts must reclassify stranded tax effects related to the TCJA’s change in US federal tax rate for all items accounted for in other comprehensive income. These entities can also elect to reclassify other stranded effects that relate to the TCJA but do not directly relate to the change in the federal tax rate. The Company adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2019, and the Company recorded a transition adjustment of $2.7 million, which is reflected as a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss to accumulated deficit in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2019. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, “Compensation – Retirement Benefits – Defined Benefit Plans – General,” that requires sponsors of defined benefit pension and/or other postretirement plans to disclose the weighted-average interest crediting rate for cash balance plans and other plans with promised interest crediting rates and to disclose an explanation of the reasons for significant gains and losses related to changes in the benefit obligation for the period. The guidance also eliminated certain disclosures. The Company adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2019, and this adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

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