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Stock-Based Compensation Plans and Arrangements (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] |
Stock option activity | The following table summarizes stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2019.
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | Number of Options |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value(1)
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 | 1,391,819 |  |  | $ | 10.44 |  |  |  |  |
Granted | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Exercised(2)(3) | (593,806 | ) |  | 3.63 |  |  |  |  |
Canceled | (8,167 | ) |  | 3.94 |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2019(4) | 789,846 |  |  | $ | 4.75 |  |  | 0.7 years |  | $ | 3,284 |
Exercisable at December 31, 2019 | 789,846 |  |  | $ | 4.75 |  |  | 0.7 years |  | $ | 3,284 |
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(1) | The aggregate intrinsic value represents the total intrinsic value (the aggregate difference between our closing stock price on December 31, 2019 and the exercise price of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders if all in-the-money options had been exercised on December 31, 2019.
(2) | The total intrinsic value of options exercised was $4 million, $17 million, and $16 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
(3) | No cash was received from option exercises for the year ended December 31, 2019. The actual tax benefit realized for the tax deductions from option exercises totaled $1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.
(4) For net-settled options, gross number is reflected.
Restricted stock activity | The following table summarizes restricted stock activity for the year ended December 31, 2019.
(Shares and per share amounts in actuals) | Number of Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at December 31, 2018 | 84,392 |  |  | $ | 11.73 |
Granted | 118,789 |  |  | 9.26 |
Vested(1) | (84,392 | ) |  | 11.73 |
Canceled | — |  |  | — |
Non-vested at December 31, 2019(2) | 118,789 |  |  | $ | 9.26 |
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(1) | The total fair value of shares that vested during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $1 million, $1 million and $1 million, respectively.
(2) As of December 31, 2019, there was $1 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.5 years.
Restricted stock unit and performance stock unit activity | The following table summarizes RSU and PSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2019.
(Shares and per share amounts in actuals) | Number of RSUs/ PSUs |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 | 5,338,034 |  |  | $ | 10.11 |
Granted | 3,008,102 |  |  | 10.84 |
Vested and converted to common stock(1) | (3,030,536 | ) |  | 8.78 |
Canceled | (136,383 | ) |  | 11.09 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2019(2) | 5,179,217 |  |  | $ | 11.28 |
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(1) | The total fair value of RSUs/PSUs that vested and converted to common stock during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $27 million, $25 million and $29 million, respectively.
(2) As of December 31, 2019, there was $12 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to RSUs/PSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.4 years.
Black-Scholes Model assumptions for calculating ESPP fair values | The fair values of the stock purchase rights of the ESPP offerings were calculated using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:
| Years Ended December 31,
(Dollars per share) | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Risk-free interest rate | 1.87 | % |  | 2.44 | % |  | 1.22 | %
Expected volatility | 29 | % |  | 27 | % |  | 32 | %
Expected dividend rate | 1.34 | % |  | — | % |  | — | %
Expected life of the option | 1 year |  |  | 1 year |  |  | 1 year |
Weighted average fair value of stock purchase rights | $ | 1.77 |  |  | $ | 2.32 |  |  | $ | 2.36 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the changes in outstanding nonvested shares. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=116856206&loc=d3e5070-113901 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure for stock option plans. Includes, but is not limited to, outstanding awards at beginning and end of year, grants, exercises, forfeitures, and weighted-average grant date fair value. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=116856206&loc=d3e5070-113901 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (e) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=116856206&loc=d3e5070-113901 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(1) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=116856206&loc=d3e5070-113901 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the significant assumptions used during the year to estimate the fair value of employee stock purchase plans, including, but not limited to: (a) expected term, (b) expected volatility of the entity's shares, (c) expected dividends, (d) risk-free rate(s), and (e) discount for post-vesting restrictions. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (f)(2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=116856206&loc=d3e5070-113901 + Details
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