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Fair Value Measurements - Fair Values of Financial Assets and Liabilities, Including Derivative Financial Instruments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Earning assets:
Loans held for sale	$ 0	$ 0
Trading investments	55,903	37,465
Accrued interest receivable, difference	35,015	100,743
Tax indemnification receivable	380,058	239,578
Derivative instruments	405	1,317
Total earning assets, difference	2,088,881	3,409,977
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Long-term borrowings, difference	421,881	(69,184)
Derivative instruments	0	247
Total interest-bearing liabilities, difference	838,340	(151,510)
Excess of net asset fair value over carrying value	2,927,221	3,258,467
Money-market and savings accounts
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Certificates of deposits, difference	104,979	(24,799)
Certificates of Deposit
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Certificates of deposits, difference	311,480	(57,527)
Fair Value
Earning assets:
Loans held for sale	29,448	0
Cash and cash equivalents	4,616,117	4,334,603
Trading investments	55,903	37,465
Available-for-sale investments	2,342,089	2,517,956
Accrued interest receivable	1,237,074	1,306,410
Tax indemnification receivable	2,816	8,047
Derivative instruments	972	1,322
Total	29,965,153	31,856,320
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Short-term borrowings	0	0
Long-term borrowings	4,813,233	6,000,174
Accrued interest payable	71,586	46,600
Derivative instruments	567	252
Total interest-bearing liabilities	25,915,574	26,956,044
Fair Value | Money-market and savings accounts
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits	11,854,849	11,457,490
Fair Value | Certificates of Deposit
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits	9,175,339	9,451,528
Carrying Value
Earning assets:
Loans held for sale	29,448	0
Cash and cash equivalents	4,616,117	4,334,603
Trading investments	55,903	37,465
Available-for-sale investments	2,342,089	2,517,956
Accrued interest receivable	1,202,059	1,205,667
Tax indemnification receivable	2,816	8,047
Derivative instruments	972	1,322
Total	27,876,272	28,446,343
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Short-term borrowings	0	0
Long-term borrowings	5,235,114	5,930,990
Accrued interest payable	71,586	46,600
Derivative instruments	567	252
Total interest-bearing liabilities	26,753,914	26,804,534
Carrying Value | Money-market and savings accounts
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits	11,959,828	11,432,691
Carrying Value | Certificates of Deposit
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits	9,486,819	9,394,001
Private Education Loans
Earning assets:
Loans held for investment, net, difference	2,042,835	3,294,462
Private Education Loans | Fair Value
Earning assets:
Private Education Loans	21,062,548	22,919,836
Private Education Loans | Carrying Value
Earning assets:
Private Education Loans	19,019,713	19,625,374
FFELP Loans
Earning assets:
Loans held for investment, net, difference	11,031	12,690
FFELP Loans | Fair Value
Earning assets:
Private Education Loans	618,186	705,644
FFELP Loans | Carrying Value
Earning assets:
Private Education Loans	607,155	692,954
Credit Cards
Earning assets:
Loans held for investment, net, difference	0	2,082
Credit Cards | Fair Value
Earning assets:
Private Education Loans	0	25,037
Credit Cards | Carrying Value
Earning assets:
Private Education Loans	$ 0	$ 22,955

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