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Fair Value Measurements - Fair Values of Financial Assets and Liabilities, Including Derivative Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Jun. 30, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023
--- | --- | ---
Earning assets: |  |
Trading investments | $ 60,473 | $ 54,481
Accrued interest receivable, difference | 85,186 | 68,862
Tax indemnification receivable | 351,126 | 366,247
Derivative instruments | 0 | 0
Total earning assets, difference | 2,626,986 | 2,534,325
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |
Long-term borrowings, difference | 251,284 | 353,822
Derivative instruments | 116 | 370
Total interest-bearing liabilities, difference | 343,914 | 489,912
Excess of net asset fair value over carrying value | 2,970,900 | 3,024,237
Money-market and savings accounts |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |
Deposits, difference | 73,242 | 68,409
Certificates of deposit |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |
Deposits, difference | 19,388 | 67,681
Fair Value |  |
Earning assets: |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | 5,262,448 | 4,149,838
Trading investments | 60,473 | 54,481
Available-for-sale investments | 2,283,262 | 2,411,622
Accrued interest receivable | 1,476,267 | 1,448,766
Derivative instruments | 0 | 0
Total earning assets | 30,539,583 | 30,836,527
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |
Long-term borrowings | 5,151,728 | 4,873,690
Accrued interest payable | 99,493 | 105,066
Derivative instruments | 116 | 370
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 25,899,817 | 26,494,693
Fair Value | Money-market and savings accounts |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |
Deposits | 10,388,501 | 11,134,883
Fair Value | Certificates of deposit |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |
Deposits | 10,259,979 | 10,380,684
Carrying Value |  |
Earning assets: |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | 5,262,448 | 4,149,838
Trading investments | 60,473 | 54,481
Available-for-sale investments | 2,283,262 | 2,411,622
Accrued interest receivable | 1,391,081 | 1,379,904
Derivative instruments | 0 | 0
Total earning assets | 27,912,597 | 28,302,202
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |
Long-term borrowings | 5,403,012 | 5,227,512
Accrued interest payable | 99,493 | 105,066
Derivative instruments | 116 | 370
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 26,243,731 | 26,984,605
Carrying Value | Money-market and savings accounts |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |
Deposits | 10,461,743 | 11,203,292
Carrying Value | Certificates of deposit |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |
Deposits | 10,279,367 | 10,448,365
Private Education Loans |  |
Earning assets: |  |
Loans held for investment, net, difference | 2,543,781 | 2,456,752
Private Education Loans | Fair Value |  |
Earning assets: |  |
Loans held for investment, net | 20,976,381 | 22,229,045
Private Education Loans | Carrying Value |  |
Earning assets: |  |
Loans held for investment, net | 18,432,600 | 19,772,293
FFELP Loans |  |
Earning assets: |  |
Loans held for investment, net, difference | (1,981) | 8,711
FFELP Loans | Fair Value |  |
Earning assets: |  |
Loans held for investment, net | 480,752 | 542,775
FFELP Loans | Carrying Value |  |
Earning assets: |  |
Loans held for investment, net | $ 482,733 | $ 534,064

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