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Allowance for Credit Losses and Unfunded Loan Commitments - Allowance and Recorded Investments in Loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 6 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |  |  |
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Jun. 30, 2025 | Jun. 30, 2024 | Jun. 30, 2025 | Jun. 30, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2024 | Mar. 31, 2025 | Mar. 31, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023
Allowance For Credit Losses [Abstract] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses, beginning balance |  | $ 1,350,058 | $ 1,435,920 | $ 1,339,772 | $ 1,339,772 |  |  |
Transfer from allowance for unfunded loan commitments |  | 29,715 |  | 161,329 |  |  |  |
Provision for current period |  | 72,421 |  | 166,980 |  |  |  |
Loan sale reduction to provision |  | (102,751) |  | (235,955) |  |  |  |
Total provisions |  | (30,330) |  | (68,975) |  |  |  |
Net charge-offs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Charge-offs |  | (91,168) |  | (185,165) |  |  |  |
Recoveries |  | 11,377 |  | 22,691 |  |  |  |
Net charge-offs |  | (79,791) |  | (162,474) |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses, ending balance | $ 1,469,509 | 1,269,652 | 1,469,509 | 1,269,652 | 1,435,920 |  |  |
Allowance |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | 23,890 | 32,034 | 84,568 | 112,962 | 112,962 |  |  |
Provision/New commitments - net | 56,529 | 47,160 | 100,985 | 97,846 |  |  |  |
Transfer to allowance for loan losses | (27,878) | (29,715) | (133,012) | (161,329) |  |  |  |
Ending balance | 52,541 | 49,479 | 52,541 | 49,479 | 84,568 |  |  |
Total allowance for credit losses, ending balance |  | 1,319,131 |  | 1,319,131 |  |  |  |
Accrued interest to be capitalized |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unfunded loan commitments | 1,358,163 | 1,300,393 | 1,358,163 | 1,300,393 | 2,311,660 | $ 584,140 | $ 673,492 | $ 2,221,077
Total accrued interest receivable | 1,695,698 |  | 1,695,698 |  | 1,546,590 |  |  |
Provisions for credit losses reported in consolidated statements of income | 148,718 | 16,830 | 172,004 | 28,871 |  |  |  |
Private Education Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance For Credit Losses [Abstract] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses, beginning balance | 1,443,715 | 1,345,431 | 1,435,920 | 1,335,105 | 1,335,105 |  |  |
Transfer from allowance for unfunded loan commitments | 27,878 | 29,715 | 133,012 | 161,329 |  |  |  |
Provision for current period | 92,189 | 72,862 | 187,478 | 167,338 |  |  |  |
Loan sale reduction to provision |  | (102,751) | (116,459) | (235,955) |  |  |  |
Total provisions | 92,189 | (29,889) | 71,019 | (68,617) |  |  |  |
Net charge-offs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Charge-offs | (106,866) | (91,042) | (193,769) | (184,916) |  |  |  |
Recoveries | 12,593 | 11,377 | 23,327 | 22,691 |  |  |  |
Net charge-offs | (94,273) | (79,665) | (170,442) | (162,225) |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses, ending balance | 1,469,509 | 1,265,592 | 1,469,509 | 1,265,592 | 1,435,920 |  |  |
Allowance |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | 23,890 | 32,034 | 84,568 | 112,962 | 112,962 |  |  |
Provision/New commitments - net | 56,529 | 47,160 | 100,985 | 97,846 |  |  |  |
Transfer to allowance for loan losses | (27,878) | (29,715) | (133,012) | (161,329) |  |  |  |
Ending balance | 52,541 | 49,479 | 52,541 | 49,479 | 84,568 |  |  |
Total allowance for credit losses, ending balance | $ 1,522,050 | $ 1,315,071 | $ 1,522,050 | $ 1,315,071 |  |  |  |
Accrued interest to be capitalized |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans in repayment (annualized) | 2.36% | 2.19% | 2.11% | 2.17% |  |  |  |
Allowance coverage of net charge-offs (annualized) | 3.90 | 3.97 | 4.31 | 3.90 |  |  |  |
Total Allowance Percentage of Private Education Loan Exposure | 5.95% | 5.90% | 5.95% | 5.90% |  |  |  |
Ending total loans, gross | $ 22,525,817 | $ 19,619,531 | $ 22,525,817 | $ 19,619,531 |  |  |  |
Average loans in repayment | 15,991,357 | 14,543,669 | 16,146,239 | 14,977,567 |  |  |  |
Ending loans in repayment | 16,231,194 | 14,231,581 | 16,231,194 | 14,231,581 |  |  |  |
Unfunded loan commitments | 1,358,163 | 1,300,393 | 1,358,163 | 1,300,393 |  |  |  |
Total accrued interest receivable | 1,701,944 | 1,367,482 | 1,701,944 | 1,367,482 |  |  |  |
Provisions for loan losses | 92,189 | (29,889) | 71,019 | (68,617) |  |  |  |
Provisions for unfunded loan commitments | 56,529 | 47,160 | 100,985 | 97,846 |  |  |  |
Total Private Education Loan provisions for credit losses | 148,718 | 17,271 | 172,004 | 29,229 |  |  |  |
FFELP Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance For Credit Losses [Abstract] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses, beginning balance |  | 4,627 |  | 4,667 | 4,667 |  |  |
Transfer from allowance for unfunded loan commitments |  | 0 |  | 0 |  |  |  |
Provision for current period |  | (441) |  | (358) |  |  |  |
Loan sale reduction to provision |  | 0 |  | 0 |  |  |  |
Total provisions |  | (441) |  | (358) |  |  |  |
Net charge-offs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Charge-offs |  | (126) |  | (249) |  |  |  |
Recoveries |  | 0 |  | 0 |  |  |  |
Net charge-offs |  | (126) |  | (249) |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses, ending balance |  | 4,060 |  | 4,060 |  |  |  |
Allowance |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | 0 |  | 0 | $ 0 |  |  |
Provision/New commitments - net |  | 0 |  | 0 |  |  |  |
Transfer to allowance for loan losses |  | 0 |  | 0 |  |  |  |
Ending balance |  | 0 |  | 0 |  |  |  |
Total allowance for credit losses, ending balance |  | $ 4,060 |  | $ 4,060 |  |  |  |
Accrued interest to be capitalized |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans in repayment (annualized) |  | 0.13% |  | 0.13% |  |  |  |
Allowance coverage of net charge-offs (annualized) |  | 8.06 |  | 8.15 |  |  |  |
Total Allowance Percentage of Private Education Loan Exposure |  | 0.84% |  | 0.84% |  |  |  |
Ending total loans, gross |  | $ 485,608 |  | $ 485,608 |  |  |  |
Average loans in repayment |  | 378,667 |  | 388,510 |  |  |  |
Ending loans in repayment |  | 369,681 |  | 369,681 |  |  |  |
Unfunded loan commitments |  | 0 |  | 0 |  |  |  |
Total accrued interest receivable |  | 0 |  | 0 |  |  |  |
Other impacts to the provisions for credit losses: | $ 0 | $ (441) | $ 0 | $ (358) |  |  |  |

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