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Allowance for Credit Losses and Unfunded Loan Commitments - Allowance and Recorded Investments in Loans (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
Jun. 30, 2025
Jun. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Allowance For Credit Losses [Abstract]                
Allowance for loan losses, beginning balance   $ 1,269,652 $ 1,435,920 $ 1,339,772 $ 1,339,772      
Transfer from allowance for unfunded loan commitments   115,421   276,750        
Provision for current period   113,564   280,544        
Loan sale reduction to provision       (235,955)        
Total provisions   113,564   44,589        
Net charge-offs:                
Charge-offs   (87,868)   (273,033)        
Recoveries   11,149   33,840        
Net charge-offs   (76,719)   (239,193)        
Write-downs arising from transfer of loans to held for sale   (8,297)   (8,297)        
Allowance for loan losses, ending balance $ 1,526,104 1,413,621 1,526,104 1,413,621 1,435,920      
Allowance                
Beginning balance 52,541 49,479 84,568 112,962 112,962      
Provision/New commitments - net 154,758 157,901 255,743 255,747        
Transfer to allowance for loan losses (109,422) (115,421) (242,434) (276,750)        
Ending balance 97,877 91,959 97,877 91,959 84,568      
Total allowance for credit losses, ending balance   1,505,580   1,505,580        
Accrued interest to be capitalized                
Unfunded loan commitments 2,673,369 2,476,785 2,673,369 2,476,785 2,311,660 $ 1,358,163 $ 1,300,393 $ 2,221,077
Total accrued interest receivable 1,690,102   1,690,102   1,546,590      
Provisions for credit losses reported in consolidated statements of income 179,462 271,465 351,466 300,336        
Private Education Loans                
Allowance For Credit Losses [Abstract]                
Allowance for loan losses, beginning balance 1,469,509 1,265,592 1,435,920 1,335,105 1,335,105      
Transfer from allowance for unfunded loan commitments 109,422 115,421 242,434 276,750        
Provision for current period 143,498 109,196 330,976 276,534        
Loan sale reduction to provision (118,794)   (235,253) (235,955)        
Total provisions 24,704 109,196 95,723 40,579        
Net charge-offs:                
Charge-offs (91,072) (87,737) (284,841) (272,653)        
Recoveries 13,541 11,149 36,868 33,840        
Net charge-offs (77,531) (76,588) (247,973) (238,813)        
Write-downs arising from transfer of loans to held for sale   0   0        
Allowance for loan losses, ending balance 1,526,104 1,413,621 1,526,104 1,413,621 1,435,920      
Allowance                
Beginning balance 52,541 49,479 84,568 112,962 112,962      
Provision/New commitments - net 154,758 157,901 255,743 255,747        
Transfer to allowance for loan losses (109,422) (115,421) (242,434) (276,750)        
Ending balance 97,877 91,959 97,877 91,959 84,568      
Total allowance for credit losses, ending balance $ 1,623,981 $ 1,505,580 $ 1,623,981 $ 1,505,580        
Accrued interest to be capitalized                
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans in repayment (annualized) 1.95% 2.08% 2.06% 2.13%        
Allowance coverage of net charge-offs (annualized) 4.92 4.61 4.62 4.44        
Total Allowance Percentage of Private Education Loan Exposure 5.93% 5.84% 5.93% 5.84%        
Ending total loans, gross $ 23,029,999 $ 21,777,466 $ 23,029,999 $ 21,777,466        
Average loans in repayment 15,870,798 14,708,205 16,027,567 14,944,421        
Ending loans in repayment 16,292,470 15,360,255 16,292,470 15,360,255        
Unfunded loan commitments 2,673,369 2,476,785 2,673,369 2,476,785        
Total accrued interest receivable 1,693,268 1,529,814 1,693,268 1,529,814        
Provisions for loan losses 24,704 109,196 95,723 40,579        
Provisions for unfunded loan commitments 154,758 157,901 255,743 255,747        
Total Private Education Loan provisions for credit losses 179,462 267,097 351,466 296,326        
FFELP Loans                
Allowance For Credit Losses [Abstract]                
Allowance for loan losses, beginning balance   4,060   4,667 4,667      
Transfer from allowance for unfunded loan commitments   0   0        
Provision for current period   4,368   4,010        
Loan sale reduction to provision       0        
Total provisions   4,368   4,010        
Net charge-offs:                
Charge-offs   (131)   (380)        
Recoveries   0   0        
Net charge-offs   (131)   (380)        
Write-downs arising from transfer of loans to held for sale   (8,297)   (8,297)        
Allowance for loan losses, ending balance   0   0        
Allowance                
Beginning balance   0   0 $ 0      
Provision/New commitments - net   0   0        
Transfer to allowance for loan losses   0   0        
Ending balance   0   0        
Total allowance for credit losses, ending balance   $ 0   $ 0        
Accrued interest to be capitalized                
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans in repayment (annualized)   0.00%   0.00%        
Allowance coverage of net charge-offs (annualized)   0   0        
Total Allowance Percentage of Private Education Loan Exposure   0.00%   0.00%        
Ending total loans, gross   $ 0   $ 0        
Average loans in repayment   0   0        
Ending loans in repayment   0   0        
Unfunded loan commitments   0   0        
Total accrued interest receivable   0   0        
Other impacts to the provisions for credit losses: $ 0 $ 4,368 $ 0 $ 4,010