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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 was 30.0% and 29.0%, respectively. The effective tax rates for both periods were lower than the combined federal statutory rate and the statutory rates for the states in which the Company conducts business due to the impact of permanent differences on the pre-tax loss for each period. The permanent differences were primarily between amounts expensed for book purposes versus the amounts deductible for income tax purposes related to stock-based compensation vesting during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 at stock prices lower than the grant date values.
The Company had deferred tax assets for its federal and state tax net operating losses and other tax carryforwards at March 31, 2016 recorded in deferred income taxes. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, the Company recorded a valuation allowance of $0.9 million and $0.6 million for Montana net operating losses and federal charitable contribution carryovers, respectively, based on management’s assessment that it is more likely than not that these net deferred tax assets will not be realized prior to their expiration due to current economic conditions and expectations for the future. Management determined that a valuation allowance was not required for its U.S. federal tax net operating loss carryforwards as they are expected to be fully utilized before their expiration. As of March 31, 2016, the Company did not have any uncertain tax positions requiring adjustments to its tax liability.