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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have not been audited by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, except that the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2021 is derived from audited financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position, have been included. Management has made certain estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures of contingencies. Actual results may differ from those estimates. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of annual results.
These interim financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission regarding interim financial reporting. Certain disclosures have been condensed or omitted from these financial statements. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for complete consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 (“2021 Annual Report”).
Merger with Whiting Petroleum Corporation The Merger is being accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”), with Oasis treated as the acquirer for accounting purposes. Under the acquisition method of accounting, the assets and liabilities of Whiting will be recorded at their respective fair values as of the acquisition date on July 1, 2022. The preliminary purchase price allocation is not complete as of the date of this report. The Company expects to finalize the purchase price allocation as soon as practicable, which will not extend beyond the one year measurement period provided under ASC 805. The determination of the acquisition date fair value of the assets and liabilities of Whiting requires the use of various estimates and assumptions. The most significant assumptions relate to the estimated fair values of proved and unproved oil and gas properties, which are measured using valuation techniques that convert future cash flows to a single discounted amount. Significant inputs to the valuation include estimates of reserves, future operating and development costs, future commodity prices and a market-based weighted average cost of capital. The Merger was structured as a tax-deferred reorganization for United States federal income tax purposes.
Discontinued Operations
Discontinued Operations
On February 1, 2022, the Company completed the OMP Merger (defined in Note 9—Divestitures). The OMP Merger represented a strategic shift for the Company and qualified for reporting as a discontinued operation in accordance with FASB ASC 205-20, Presentation of financial statements – Discontinued Operations (“ASC 205-20”). Accordingly, the results of operations of Oasis Midstream Partners LP (“OMP”) for the period prior to closing on February 1, 2022 were classified as discontinued operations in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. Prior periods have been recast so that the basis of presentation is consistent with that of the 2022 condensed consolidated financial statements. In addition, the assets and liabilities of OMP were classified as held for sale in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2021. The Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows were not required to be reclassified for discontinued operations for any period. See Note 10—Discontinued Operations for additional information.
Risks and Uncertainties
Risks and Uncertainties
As a producer of crude oil, NGLs and natural gas, the Company’s revenue, profitability and future growth are substantially dependent upon the prevailing and future prices for crude oil, NGLs and natural gas, which are dependent upon numerous factors beyond its control such as economic, political and regulatory developments and competition from other energy sources. The energy markets have historically been very volatile, and there can be no assurance that the prices for crude oil, NGLs or natural gas will not be subject to wide fluctuations in the future. A substantial or extended decline in prices for crude oil and, to a lesser extent, NGLs and natural gas, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, cash flows, the quantities of crude oil, NGLs and natural gas reserves that may be economically produced and the Company’s access to capital.
Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash Equivalents
The Company invests in certain money market funds, commercial paper and time deposits, all of which are stated at fair value or cost which approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity of these investments. The Company classifies all such investments with original maturity dates less than 90 days as cash equivalents. The Company may maintain balances of cash and cash equivalents in excess of amounts that are federally insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Company invests with financial institutions that it believes are creditworthy and has not experienced any material losses in such accounts.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recent Accounting PronouncementsReference rate reform. In March 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU 2020-04”). ASU 2020-04 provides optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform, including optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. ASU 2020-04 applies only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. ASU 2020-04 is effective immediately and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022. On July 1, 2022, the Company entered into an amended and restated credit agreement to, among other things, provide for the replacement of LIBOR with the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), an index supported by short-term Treasury repurchase agreements. The replacement of LIBOR with SOFR in the credit agreement is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Performance Obligations The Company records revenue when the performance obligations under the terms of its customer contracts are satisfied. For sales of commodities, the Company records revenue in the month the production or purchased product is delivered to the purchaser. However, settlement statements and payments are typically not received for 20 to 60 days after the date production is delivered, and as a result, the Company is required to estimate the amount of production that was delivered to the purchaser and the price that will be received for the sale of the product. The Company uses knowledge of its properties, its properties’ historical performance, spot market prices and other factors as the basis for these estimates. The Company records the differences between estimates and the actual amounts received for product sales once payment is received from the purchaser. In certain cases, the Company is required to estimate these volumes during a reporting period and record any differences between the estimated volumes and actual volumes in the following reporting period. Differences between estimated and actual revenues have historically not been significant. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, revenue recognized related to performance obligations satisfied in prior reporting periods was not material.
Fair value measurement
In accordance with the FASB’s authoritative guidance on fair value measurements, the Company’s financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company’s financial instruments, including certain cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other payables, are carried at cost, which approximates their respective fair market values due to their short-term maturities. The Company recognizes its non-financial assets and liabilities, such as asset retirement obligations (“ARO”) and properties acquired in a business combination or upon impairment, at fair value on a non-recurring basis.
As defined in the authoritative guidance, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). To estimate fair value, the Company utilizes market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated or generally unobservable.
The authoritative guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (“Level 1” measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (“Level 3” measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2 — Pricing inputs, other than unadjusted quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities, time value, volatility factors and current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument and can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace.
Level 3 — Pricing inputs are generally unobservable from objective sources, requiring internally developed valuation methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value.
Financial Assets and Liabilities
Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input requires judgment and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.
The fair value of the Company’s non-financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis are determined using valuation techniques that include Level 3 inputs.
Asset retirement obligations. The initial measurement of ARO at fair value is recorded in the period in which the liability is incurred. Fair value is determined by calculating the present value of estimated future cash flows related to the liability. Estimating the future ARO requires management to make estimates and judgments regarding the timing and existence of a liability, as well as what constitutes adequate restoration when considering current regulatory requirements. Inherent in the fair value calculation are numerous assumptions and judgments, including the ultimate costs, inflation factors, credit-adjusted discount rates, timing of settlement and changes in the legal, regulatory, environmental and political environments.