10-Q 1 wex9_30x201610-q.htm WEX 9.30.2016 10-Q
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
_________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
_________________________________________
(Mark One)

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2016
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 001-32426
_________________________________________
WEX INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_________________________________________

Delaware |  | 01-0526993
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
97 Darling Avenue, South Portland, Maine |  | 04106
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

(207) 773-8171
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
_________________________________________
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer |  | ☒ |  | Accelerated filer |  | ☐
Non-accelerated filer |  | ☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |  | Smaller reporting company |  | ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
☐ Yes ☒ No
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class |  | Outstanding at November 1, 2016
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share |  | 42,734,591 shares

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page
PART I-FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 4
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 35
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 51
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 51
PART II-OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 52
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 52
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 55
Item 6. | Exhibits | 56
SIGNATURE |

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a “safe harbor” for statements that are forward-looking and are not statements of historical facts. This Quarterly Report includes forward-looking statements including, but not limited to, statements about management’s plan and goals. Any statements in this Quarterly Report that are not statements of historical facts are forward-looking statements. When used in this Quarterly Report, the words “may,” “could,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “continue,” “project,” “intend,” “estimate,” “believe,” “expect” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such words. Forward-looking statements relate to our future plans, objectives, expectations and intentions and are not historical facts and accordingly involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results or performance to be materially different from future results or performance expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. The following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report and in oral statements made by our authorized officers: the effects of general economic conditions on fueling patterns as well as payment and transaction processing activity; the impact of foreign currency exchange rates on the Company’s operations, revenue and income; changes in interest rates; the impact of fluctuations in fuel prices; the effects of the Company’s business expansion and acquisition efforts; potential adverse changes to business or employee relationships, including those resulting from the completion of an acquisition; competitive responses to any acquisitions; uncertainty of the expected financial performance of the combined operations following completion of an acquisition; the ability to successfully integrate the Company's acquisitions, specifically, the Electronic Funds Source LLC's operations and employees; the ability to realize anticipated synergies and cost savings; unexpected costs, charges or expenses resulting from an acquisition; the Company's failure to successfully operate and expand ExxonMobil's European and Asian commercial fuel card programs; the failure of corporate investments to result in anticipated strategic value; the impact and size of credit losses; the impact of changes to the Company's credit standards; breaches of the Company’s technology systems or those of our third-party service providers and any resulting negative impact on our reputation, liabilities or relationships with customers or merchants; the Company’s failure to maintain or renew key agreements; failure to expand the Company’s technological capabilities and service offerings as rapidly as the Company’s competitors; the actions of regulatory bodies, including banking and securities regulators, or possible changes in banking or financial regulations impacting the Company’s industrial bank, the Company as the corporate parent or other subsidiaries or affiliates; the impact of the Company’s outstanding notes on its operations; the impact of increased leverage on the Company's operations, results or borrowing capacity generally, and as a result of acquisitions specifically; the incurrence of impairment charges if our assessment of the fair value of certain of our reporting units changes; the uncertainties of litigation; as well as other risks and uncertainties identified in Item 1A of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, filed on February 26, 2016, and Item 1.A. of Part II of the quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed
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on April 28, 2016, both with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Our forward-looking statements and these factors do not reflect the potential future impact of any alliance, merger, acquisition, disposition or stock repurchases. The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of the initial filing of this Quarterly Report and undue reliance should not be placed on these statements. We disclaim any obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
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PART I
Item 1. Financial Statements.
WEX INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

| September 30, 2016 |  | December 31, 2015
Assets |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 537,150 |  |  | $ | 279,989 |
Accounts receivable (less reserve for credit losses of $13,987 in 2016 and $13,832 in 2015) | 2,061,358 |  |  | 1,508,605 |
Securitized accounts receivable, restricted | 89,252 |  |  | 87,724 |
Income taxes receivable | 11,006 |  |  | — |
Available-for-sale securities | 24,160 |  |  | 18,562 |
Fuel price derivatives, at fair value | — |  |  | 5,007 |
Property, equipment and capitalized software (net of accumulated depreciation of $224,075 in 2016 and $192,140 in 2015) | 162,473 |  |  | 138,585 |
Deferred income taxes, net | 43,362 |  |  | 10,303 |
Goodwill | 1,841,663 |  |  | 1,112,878 |
Other intangible assets, net | 1,293,124 |  |  | 470,712 |
Other assets | 270,142 |  |  | 215,544 |
Total assets | $ | 6,333,690 |  |  | $ | 3,847,909 |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 711,101 |  |  | $ | 378,811 |
Accrued expenses | 287,523 |  |  | 156,180 |
Income taxes payable | 2,181 |  |  | 2,732 |
Deposits | 1,286,595 |  |  | 870,518 |
Securitized debt | 83,868 |  |  | 82,018 |
Revolving line-of-credit facilities and term loans, net | 1,702,265 |  |  | 664,918 |
Deferred income taxes, net | 174,451 |  |  | 83,912 |
Notes outstanding, net | 395,351 |  |  | 394,800 |
Other debt | 108,127 |  |  | 50,046 |
Amounts due under tax receivable agreement | 49,612 |  |  | 57,537 |
Other liabilities | 14,411 |  |  | 10,756 |
Total liabilities | 4,815,485 |  |  | 2,752,228 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14) |  |  |
Stockholders’ Equity |  |  |
Common stock $0.01 par value; 175,000 shares authorized; 47,171 shares issued in 2016 and 43,079 in 2015; 42,840 shares outstanding in 2016 and 38,746 in 2015 | 472 |  |  | 431 |
Additional paid-in capital | 542,010 |  |  | 174,972 |
Non-controlling interest | 11,614 |  |  | 12,437 |
Retained earnings | 1,238,984 |  |  | 1,183,634 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (102,533 | ) |  | (103,451 | )
Less treasury stock at cost; 4,428 shares in 2016 and 2015 | (172,342 | ) |  | (172,342 | )
Total stockholders’ equity | 1,518,205 |  |  | 1,095,681 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 6,333,690 |  |  | $ | 3,847,909 |

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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WEX INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
INCOME
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment processing revenue | $ | 146,182 |  |  | $ | 133,198 |  |  | $ | 383,319 |  |  | $ | 378,714 |
Account servicing revenue | 58,815 |  |  | 39,578 |  |  | 150,770 |  |  | 115,000 |
Finance fee revenue | 36,138 |  |  | 23,502 |  |  | 92,348 |  |  | 64,094 |
Other revenue | 46,621 |  |  | 29,779 |  |  | 101,184 |  |  | 84,187 |
Total revenues | 287,756 |  |  | 226,057 |  |  | 727,621 |  |  | 641,995 |
Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salary and other personnel | 76,706 |  |  | 57,174 |  |  | 206,778 |  |  | 174,682 |
Restructuring | 2,531 |  |  | (45 | ) |  | 7,626 |  |  | 8,514 |
Service fees | 53,415 |  |  | 36,924 |  |  | 136,098 |  |  | 100,935 |
Provision for credit losses | 9,489 |  |  | 6,635 |  |  | 19,849 |  |  | 14,532 |
Technology leasing and support | 12,517 |  |  | 10,157 |  |  | 34,525 |  |  | 29,612 |
Occupancy and equipment | 7,271 |  |  | 5,240 |  |  | 19,096 |  |  | 15,271 |
Depreciation and amortization | 46,008 |  |  | 20,778 |  |  | 91,381 |  |  | 62,924 |
Operating interest expense | 2,599 |  |  | 1,483 |  |  | 5,490 |  |  | 4,419 |
Cost of hardware and equipment sold | 859 |  |  | 706 |  |  | 2,429 |  |  | 2,499 |
Other | 21,793 |  |  | 19,260 |  |  | 57,018 |  |  | 50,919 |
Gain on divestiture | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,215 | )
Total operating expenses | 233,188 |  |  | 158,312 |  |  | 580,290 |  |  | 463,092 |
Operating income | 54,568 |  |  | 67,745 |  |  | 147,331 |  |  | 178,903 |
Financing interest expense | (35,064 | ) |  | (11,330 | ) |  | (87,040 | ) |  | (35,334 | )
Net foreign currency gain (loss) | 5,932 |  |  | 6,525 |  |  | 17,233 |  |  | (12 | )
Net realized and unrealized gain on fuel price derivative instruments | — |  |  | 7,922 |  |  | 711 |  |  | 4,671 |
Non-cash adjustments related to tax receivable agreement | (168 | ) |  | 1,634 |  |  | (168 | ) |  | 1,634 |
Income before income taxes | 25,268 |  |  | 72,496 |  |  | 78,067 |  |  | 149,862 |
Income taxes | 6,065 |  |  | 30,714 |  |  | 23,730 |  |  | 61,647 |
Net income | 19,203 |  |  | 41,782 |  |  | 54,337 |  |  | 88,215 |
Less: Net (loss) gain attributable to non-controlling interests | (493 | ) |  | 203 |  |  | (1,013 | ) |  | (2,201 | )
Net earnings attributable to WEX Inc. | 19,696 |  |  | 41,579 |  |  | 55,350 |  |  | 90,416 |
Accretion of non-controlling interest | — |  |  | (9,413 | ) |  | — |  |  | (9,413 | )
Net earnings attributable to shareholders | $ | 19,696 |  |  | $ | 32,166 |  |  | $ | 55,350 |  |  | $ | 81,003 |
Net earnings attributable to shareholders per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.46 |  |  | $ | 0.83 |  |  | $ | 1.38 |  |  | $ | 2.09 |
Diluted | $ | 0.46 |  |  | $ | 0.83 |  |  | $ | 1.38 |  |  | $ | 2.08 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 42,788 |  |  | 38,745 |  |  | 40,126 |  |  | 38,780 |
Diluted | 42,871 |  |  | 38,808 |  |  | 40,199 |  |  | 38,852 |

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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WEX INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Net income | $ | 19,203 |  |  | $ | 41,782 |  |  | $ | 54,337 |  |  | $ | 88,215 |
Changes in available-for-sale securities, net of tax effect of $(37) and $59 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 and $123 and $29 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 | (62 | ) |  | 99 |  |  | 209 |  |  | 50 |
Foreign currency translation | 1,549 |  |  | (34,948 | ) |  | 709 |  |  | (55,265 | )
Comprehensive income | 20,690 |  |  | 6,933 |  |  | 55,255 |  |  | 33,000 |
Less: comprehensive (loss) income attributable to non-controlling interests | (438 | ) |  | (2,255 | ) |  | (823 | ) |  | (8,084 | )
Comprehensive income attributable to WEX Inc. | $ | 21,128 |  |  | $ | 9,188 |  |  | $ | 56,078 |  |  | $ | 41,084 |

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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WEX INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

| Common Stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Shares |  | Amount at par |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Treasury Stock |  | Retained Earnings |  | Non-controlling interest in subsidiaries |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
Balance at December 31, 2014 | 38,897 |  |  | $ | 430 |  |  | $ | 179,077 |  |  | $ | (50,581 | ) |  | $ | (150,331 | ) |  | $ | 1,081,730 |  |  | $ | 17,396 |  |  | $ | 1,077,721 |
Stock issued upon exercise of stock options | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 24 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 24 |
Tax expense from stock option and restricted stock units | — |  |  | — |  |  | (230 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (230 | )
Stock issued upon vesting of restricted and deferred stock units | 56 |  |  | 1 |  |  | (1 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation, net of share repurchases for tax withholdings | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,845 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,845 |
Purchase of shares of treasury stock | (210 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (22,011 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (22,011 | )
Changes in available-for-sale securities, net of tax effect of $29 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 50 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 50 |
Foreign currency translation | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (49,382 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,673 | ) |  | (51,055 | )
Adjustment of redeemable non-controlling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | (13,927 | ) |  | (9,108 | ) |  | — |  |  | (9,413 | ) |  | — |  |  | (32,448 | )
Net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 90,416 |  |  | (3,391 | ) |  | 87,025 |
Balance at September 30, 2015 | 38,745 |  |  | $ | 431 |  |  | $ | 172,788 |  |  | $ | (109,021 | ) |  | $ | (172,342 | ) |  | $ | 1,162,733 |  |  | $ | 12,332 |  |  | $ | 1,066,921 |
Balance at December 31, 2015 | 38,746 |  |  | $ | 431 |  |  | $ | 174,972 |  |  | $ | (103,451 | ) |  | $ | (172,342 | ) |  | $ | 1,183,634 |  |  | $ | 12,437 |  |  | $ | 1,095,681 |
Stock issued upon exercise of stock options | 21 |  |  | — |  |  | 283 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 283 |
Tax expense from stock option and restricted stock units | — |  |  | — |  |  | (300 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (300 | )
Stock issued upon vesting of restricted and deferred stock units | 61 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Stock-based compensation, net of share repurchases for tax withholdings | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,142 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,142 |
Changes in available-for-sale securities, net of tax effect of $123 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 209 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 209 |
Stock issued for July 1, 2016 purchase of EFS | 4,012 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 354,913 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 354,953 |
Foreign currency translation | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 709 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 190 |  |  | 899 |
Net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 55,350 |  |  | (1,013 | ) |  | 54,337 |
Balance at September 30, 2016 | 42,840 |  |  | $ | 472 |  |  | $ | 542,010 |  |  | $ | (102,533 | ) |  | $ | (172,342 | ) |  | $ | 1,238,984 |  |  | $ | 11,614 |  |  | $ | 1,518,205 |

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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WEX INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

| Nine months ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015
Cash flows from operating activities |  |  |
Net income | $ | 54,337 |  |  | $ | 88,215 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities: |  |  |
Net unrealized (gain) loss | (17,598 | ) |  | 44,626 |
Stock-based compensation | 14,312 |  |  | 10,227 |
Depreciation and amortization | 91,381 |  |  | 62,924 |
Ticking fees expensed | 30,045 |  |  | — |
Debt restructuring and debt issuance cost amortization | 8,631 |  |  | 2,319 |
Gain on divestiture | — |  |  | (1,215 | )
Loss on debt extinguishment | 2,018 |  |  | — |
Provision for deferred taxes | 15,668 |  |  | 24,057 |
Restructuring charge | 4,438 |  |  | 8,514 |
Provision for credit losses | 19,849 |  |  | 14,532 |
Loss on disposal of property, equipment and capitalized software | 196 |  |  | 298 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (405,616 | ) |  | (78,951 | )
Other assets | (44,051 | ) |  | (82,133 | )
Accounts payable | 169,716 |  |  | 107,884 |
Accrued expenses | (2,866 | ) |  | 40,539 |
Income taxes | (12,993 | ) |  | 17,288 |
Other liabilities | (416 | ) |  | (2,221 | )
Amounts due under tax receivable agreement | (7,924 | ) |  | (9,318 | )
Net cash (used for) provided by operating activities | (80,873 | ) |  | 247,585 |
Cash flows from investing activities |  |  |
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software | (45,016 | ) |  | (47,117 | )
Purchases of available-for-sale securities | (5,716 | ) |  | (263 | )
Maturities of available-for-sale securities | 450 |  |  | 544 |
Acquisition of a business, net of cash acquired | (1,089,280 | ) |  | — |
Proceeds from divestiture | — |  |  | 17,265 |
Net cash used for investing activities | (1,139,562 | ) |  | (29,571 | )
Cash flows from financing activities |  |  |
Excess tax benefits from equity instrument share-based payment arrangements | 391 |  |  | 658 |
Repurchase of share-based awards to satisfy tax withholdings | (2,170 | ) |  | (2,382 | )
Proceeds from stock option exercises | 284 |  |  | 24 |
Net change in deposits | 415,737 |  |  | 211,015 |
Net activity on other debt | 56,442 |  |  | 155 |
Net borrowings on 2016 revolving credit facility | 96,100 |  |  | — |
Borrowings on 2016 term loans | 1,643,000 |  |  | — |
Repayments of 2016 term loans | (8,688 | ) |  | — |
Net repayment on 2014 revolving credit facility | (205,549 | ) |  | (168,752 | )
Repayments on 2014 term loan | (458,750 | ) |  | (20,625 | )
Ticking fees paid | (22,171 | ) |  | — |
Debt issuance costs | (40,868 | ) |  | — |
Net change in securitized debt | (1,696 | ) |  | 85,658 |
Purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest | — |  |  | (46,018 | )
Purchase of shares of treasury stock | — |  |  | (22,011 | )
Net cash provided by financing activities | 1,472,062 |  |  | 37,722 |

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Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 5,534 |  |  | (6,873 | )
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | 257,161 |  |  | 248,863 |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 279,989 |  |  | 284,763 |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 537,150 |  |  | $ | 533,626 |
Supplemental cash flow information |  |  |
Interest paid | $ | 87,177 |  |  | $ | 41,292 |
Income taxes paid | $ | 21,098 |  |  | $ | 19,899 |
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities |  |  |
Issuance of common stock in a business combination | $ | 354,953 |  |  | — |

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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WEX INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

1. | Basis of Presentation

The acronyms and abbreviations identified below are used in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto. The following is provided to aid the reader and provide a reference point when reviewing the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

2014 Amendment Agreement |  | Amendment and restatement agreement entered into on August 22, 2014, among the Company, the lenders party thereto, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent
2014 Credit Agreement |  | Second amended and restated credit agreement entered into on August 22, 2014, by and among the Company and certain of our subsidiaries, as borrowers, WEX Card Holding Australia Pty Ltd., as designated borrower, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent on behalf of consenting lenders
2016 Credit Agreement |  | Credit agreement entered into on July 1, 2016 by and among the Company and certain of our subsidiaries, as borrowers, WEX Card Holding Australia Pty Ltd., as designated borrower, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent on behalf of the lenders
Adjusted Net Income or ANI |  | A non-GAAP metric that adjusts net earnings attributable to shareholders to exclude acquisition and divestiture related items, debt restructuring and debt issuance cost amortization, stock-based compensation, restructuring and other costs related to certain outsourcing initiatives, changes in unrealized fuel price derivatives, net foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses, non-cash adjustments related to our tax receivable agreement, reserves for regulatory penalties, similar adjustments attributed to our non-controlling interest and certain tax related items.
ASU 2014-09 |  | Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)
ASU 2015-03 |  | Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-03 Interest—Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs
ASU 2015-16 |  | Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-16 Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments
ASU 2016-01 |  | Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01 Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
ASU 2016-02 |  | Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02 Leases (Topic 842)
ASU 2016-09 |  | Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-09 Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topical 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting
ASU 2016-13 |  | Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13 Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
ASU 2016-15 |  | Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-15 Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments
Australian Securitization Subsidiary |  | Southern Cross WEX 2015-1 Trust, a bankruptcy-remote subsidiary consolidated by the Company
Average expenditure per payment processing transaction |  | Average total dollars of spend in a funded fuel transaction
Benaissance |  | Benaissance, a leading provider of integrated SaaS technologies and services for healthcare premium billing, payment and workflow management, acquired by the Company on November 18, 2015
Company |  | WEX Inc. and all entities included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
EFS |  | Electronic Funds Source, LLC, a provider of customized corporate payment solutions for fleet and corporate customers with a focus on the large and mid-sized over-the-road fleet segments. On July 1, 2016, the Company acquired WP Mustang Topco LLC, the indirect parent of Electronic Funds Source, LLC and Warburg Pincus Private Equity XI (Lexington), LLC, an affiliated entity, from investment funds affiliated with Warburg Pincus LLC.
Esso portfolio in Europe |  | European commercial fleet card portfolio acquired from ExxonMobil
European Securitization Subsidiary |  | Gorham Trade Finance B.V., a bankruptcy-remote subsidiary consolidated by the Company
Evolution1 |  | EB Holdings Corp. and its subsidiaries which includes Evolution1, Inc., acquired by the Company on July 16, 2014
FASB |  | Financial Accounting Standards Board
FX |  | Foreign exchange
GAAP |  | Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States

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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

Indenture |  | The Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture dated as of January 30, 2013 among the Company, the guarantors listed therein, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee
NCI |  | Non-controlling interest
NOL |  | Net operating loss
Notes |  | $400 million notes with a 4.75% fixed rate, issued on January 30, 2013
NOW deposits |  | Negotiable order of withdrawal deposits
Over-the-road |  | Typically heavy trucks traveling long distances
Payment solutions purchase volume |  | Total amount paid by customers for transactions
Payment processing transactions |  | Funded payment transactions where the Company maintains the receivable for total purchase
PPG |  | Price per gallon of fuel
rapid! PayCard |  | rapid! PayCard, previously a line of business of the Company, sold on January 7, 2015
SaaS |  | Software-as-a-service
SEC |  | Securities and Exchange Commission
Ticking fees |  | A fee incurred by a borrower to compensate the lender to delay a financing arrangement and hold a commitment of funds for the borrower for a period of time
Total fleet transactions |  | Total of transaction processing and payment processing transactions
Transaction processing transactions |  | Unfunded payment transactions where the Company is the processor and only has receivables for the processing fee
UNIK |  | UNIK S.A., the Company's Brazilian subsidiary
WEX |  | WEX Inc.
WEX Europe Services |  | Consists primarily of our European commercial fleet card portfolio acquired by the Company from ExxonMobil on December 1, 2014
WEX Health |  | Evolution1 and Benaissance, collectively

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. They do not include all information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. However, except as disclosed herein, there have been no material changes in the information disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of WEX Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2015. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements that are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, filed with the SEC on February 26, 2016. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (including normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future periods or the year ending December 31, 2016.
The presentation of the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income has been updated for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 to disaggregate revenue into payment processing, account servicing, finance fee and other revenue in order to provide additional information regarding the Company’s significant revenue streams and to conform to the current year presentation. There was no change to total revenue, income from operations, net income or net income per share in any of the periods presented as a result of this updated presentation.
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03 related to the simplification of the presentation of debt issuance costs. The standard requires entities to present such costs in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. Amortization of the costs is reported as interest expense. The ASU provides that debt issuance costs are analogous to debt discounts and reduce the proceeds of borrowing which increases the effective interest rate. Prior to the amendment, debt issuance costs were reported in the balance sheet as an asset. The amended guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, requires retrospective adoption, and represents a change in accounting principle. As a result of the adoption, the December 31, 2015 unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet is restated as follows:
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

| Previously Reported |  | Effect of Accounting Principle Adoption |  | Adjusted
Unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet |  |  |  |  |
Other assets | $ | 225,581 |  |  | $ | (10,037 | ) |  | $ | 215,544 |
Total assets | $ | 3,857,946 |  |  | $ | (10,037 | ) |  | $ | 3,847,909 |
Revolving line-of-credit facilities and term loan, net | $ | 669,755 |  |  | $ | (4,837 | ) |  | $ | 664,918 |
Notes outstanding, net | $ | 400,000 |  |  | $ | (5,200 | ) |  | $ | 394,800 |
Total liabilities | $ | 2,762,265 |  |  | $ | (10,037 | ) |  | $ | 2,752,228 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 3,857,946 |  |  | $ | (10,037 | ) |  | $ | 3,847,909 |

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16 related to simplifying the accounting for measurement period adjustments. This standard replaces the requirement that an acquirer in a business combination account for measurement period adjustments retrospectively. Under the amendments, an acquirer must recognize adjustments to the provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined, including the effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization, or other income effects as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The guidance is to be applied prospectively to adjustments to provisional amounts that occur after the effective date of the guidance. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2016.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities approximate their respective fair values due to the short-term nature of such instruments. The carrying values of certificates of deposit, interest-bearing money market deposits and borrowed federal funds approximate their respective fair values as the interest rates on these financial instruments are variable. All other financial instruments are reflected at fair value on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

2. | New Accounting Standards

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 related to revenue recognition, which will supersede most existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The new revenue recognition standard requires entities to recognize revenue for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. On July 9, 2015, the Board voted to defer the effective date by one year to interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and permitted early adoption of the standard, but not for periods beginning on or before the original effective date of December 15, 2016. FASB has and is expected to continue to issue clarifications on various aspects of ASU 2014-09. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures and has not yet selected a transition method.
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01 related to accounting for equity investments. The pronouncement requires equity investments, except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those that result in consolidation of the investee, to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. The standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the pronouncement will have on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. When transitioning, the standard requires leases to be recognized and measured at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. Certain qualitative and quantitative disclosures are required. The standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the standard will have on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09 to simplify several aspects of accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, statutory tax withholding requirements, and classification in the statement of cash flows. The standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the standard will have on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 which requires financial assets measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses will be based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that impact the collectability of the reported amount. The standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the standard will have on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15 which provides clarification on the classification of eight specific cash flow presentation issues that have developed out of diversity in practice. The issues include, but are not limited to, debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, cash receipts from payments on beneficial interests in securitization transactions, and proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims. The standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the standard will have on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

3. | Business Acquisitions

EFS
On July 1, 2016, the Company acquired all of the outstanding membership interests of EFS, a provider of customized corporate payment solutions for fleet and corporate customers with a focus on the large and mid-sized over-the-road fleet segments. The acquisition will enable the combined company to expand its customer footprint and to utilize EFS' technology to better serve the needs of all fleet customers.
In consideration for the acquisition of EFS, the Company issued 4,012 shares of its common stock valued at approximately $355,000 based on the July 1, 2016 closing price of the Company's common stock on the New York Stock Exchange, representing approximately 9.4% of the Company's outstanding common stock after giving effect to the issuance of the new shares in connection with this acquisition. The cash consideration for the transaction totaled approximately $1,182,000, and was funded with amounts received under the 2016 Credit Agreement described further in Note 9. The value of the total cash and stock consideration paid for the acquisition of EFS was approximately $1,444,000, net of $93,000 in cash acquired. This amount is subject to working capital adjustments.
During the third quarter of 2016, the Company obtained information to assist in determining the fair values of certain tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the EFS acquisition. Based on such information, the Company recorded intangible assets and goodwill as described below. The Company is still reviewing the valuation of all assets and liabilities and has not finalized the purchase accounting.
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
The following represents the preliminary allocation of the purchase price by the assets and liabilities acquired and goodwill recognized in this business combination:

Consideration paid, net of cash acquired | 1,444,235 |
Less: |
Accounts receivable | 164,459 |
Property and equipment, net | 8,249 |
Customer relationships (a)(b) | 832,400 |
Developed technologies (a)(c) | 31,100 |
Trade name (a)(d) | 14,600 |
Deferred income tax assets | 34,571 |
Accounts payable | (153,777 | )
Accrued expenses | (128,281 | )
Deferred income tax liabilities | (78,119 | )
Other assets and liabilities | 54 |
Recorded goodwill (a) | $ | 718,979 |

(a) | Approximately $1,356,350 in goodwill and other intangible assets recorded from this business combination were assigned to our Fleet Solutions segment, the remaining $293,729 was assigned to our Travel and Corporate Solutions segment.

(b) | Weighted average life – 8.7 years.

(c) | Weighted average life – 2.3 years.

(d) | Weighted average life – 3.3 years.

Goodwill is calculated as the consideration in excess of net assets recognized and represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized, including synergies derived from the acquisition.
The Company is currently evaluating the tax basis and the allocation of book basis to the assets recognized in this business combination. The preliminary estimates could change significantly upon completion of this evaluation. We estimate approximately $530,000 of the goodwill recognized in this business combination will be deductible for income tax purposes.
At September 30, 2016, estimated amortization expense related to the definite-lived intangible assets listed above for each of the next five fiscal years is as follows:

Remaining 2016 | $ | 15,591 |
2017 | $ | 76,241 |
2018 | $ | 75,155 |
2019 | $ | 69,522 |
2020 | $ | 64,786 |
2021 | $ | 57,951 |
Thereafter | $ | 503,264 |

The pro forma financial information presented below includes the effects of the EFS acquisition as if it had been consummated on January 1, 2015. Pro forma results include the amortization associated with acquired intangible assets, interest expense associated with the 2016 Credit Agreement used to fund the acquisition and related income tax results. To reflect recurring results of the combined companies, transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition have been eliminated. The pro forma results of operations do not include any cost savings or other synergies that may result from the acquisition or any estimated integration costs that have been or will be incurred by the Company. Accordingly, the following pro forma information is not necessarily indicative of either the future results of operations or results that would have been achieved if the acquisition had taken place at the beginning of 2015. Subsequent to the July 1, 2016 acquisition date, the operations of EFS contributed revenues of approximately $35,017 and net income before taxes of approximately $1,511 to the Company's Fleet Solutions segment and revenues of approximately $5,012 and net income before taxes of approximately $1,993 to the Company's Travel and Corporate Solutions segment.
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
The following represents unaudited pro forma operational results as if EFS has been included in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations as of the beginning of the fiscal periods ended:

| Three months ended September 30, | Nine months ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015 | 2016 |  | 2015
Total revenues | $ | 287,755 |  |  | 261,361 |  | $ | 796,514 |  |  | 748,186 |
Net earnings attributable to shareholders | $ | 30,357 |  |  | 20,592 |  | $ | 38,670 |  |  | 47,852 |
Pro forma net income attributable to shareholders per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income per share - basic | $ | 0.71 |  |  | $ | 0.53 |  | $ | 0.96 |  |  | $ | 1.23 |
Net income per share - diluted | $ | 0.71 |  |  | $ | 0.53 |  | $ | 0.96 |  |  | $ | 1.23 |

Benaissance
On November 18, 2015, the Company purchased the stock of Benaissance for approximately $80,677. The transaction was financed through the Company’s cash on hand and existing credit facility. Benaissance provides financial management for health benefits administration by offering SaaS solutions for individual single point and consolidated group premium billing. The Company acquired Benaissance to enhance the Company's positioning in the growing healthcare market.
During the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company obtained preliminary information to assist in determining the fair values of certain tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Benaissance acquisition. During the first quarter of 2016, the Company decreased certain tangible assets by $502 and increased Goodwill by $502. Based on such information, the Company recorded intangible assets and goodwill as described below. Goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The Company finalized our Benaissance purchase accounting in the third quarter of 2016.
The following is a summary of the final allocation of the purchase price to the assets and liabilities acquired:

Consideration paid (net of cash acquired) | $ | 80,677 |
Less: |
Accounts receivable | 1,594 |
Other tangible assets and liabilities, net | 314 |
Acquired software and developed technology(a) | 10,300 |
Customer relationships(b) | 27,700 |
Trade name(c) | 1,500 |
Recorded goodwill | $ | 39,269 |

(a) | Weighted average life – 5.0 years.

(b) | Weighted average life – 7.6 years.

(c) | Weighted average life – 8.1 years.

No pro forma information has been included in these financial statements as the operations of Benaissance for the period that they were not part of the Company are not material to the Company's revenues, net income and earnings per share.

4. | Sale of Subsidiary and Assets

rapid! PayCard
On January 7, 2015, the Company sold the assets of its rapid! PayCard operations for $20,000, which resulted in a pre-tax book gain of approximately $1,215. The Company's primary focus in the U.S. continues to be in the fleet, travel, and healthcare industries. As such, the Company divested the operations of rapid! PayCard, which were not material to the Company's annual revenue, net income or earnings per share. The Company does not view this divestiture as a strategic shift in its operations.

5. | Reserves for Credit Losses

In general, the Company’s trade receivables provide for payment terms of 30 days or less. Receivables not paid within the terms of the customer agreement are generally subject to late fees based upon the outstanding customer receivable balance. Beginning in the first quarter of 2015, the Company began to extend revolving credit to certain customers with respect to small fleet receivables. These accounts are also subject to late fees and balances that are not paid in full are subject to interest charges
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
based on the revolving balance. The Company had approximately $2,600 in receivables with revolving credit as of September 30, 2016 and $1,100 in receivables with revolving credit as of December 31, 2015.
The portfolio of receivables consists of a large group of homogeneous smaller balance amounts that are collectively evaluated for impairment. No customer made up more than eight percent of the outstanding receivables at September 30, 2016. One customer made up eleven percent of the outstanding receivables at December 31, 2015.
Receivables are generally written off when they are 150 days past due or upon declaration of bankruptcy by the customer. The reserve for credit losses is calculated by an analytic model that also takes into account other factors, such as the actual charge-offs for the preceding reporting periods, expected charge-offs and recoveries for the subsequent reporting periods, a review of accounts receivable balances which become past due, changes in customer payment patterns, known fraudulent activity in the portfolio, as well as leading economic and market indicators.
As of September 30, 2016, approximately 93 percent of the outstanding balance of total trade accounts receivable was current and approximately 97 percent of the outstanding balance of total trade accounts receivable was less than 60 days past due. As of September 30, 2015, approximately 90 percent of the outstanding balance of total trade accounts receivable was current and approximately 98 percent of the outstanding balance was less than 60 days past due. The outstanding balance is made up of receivables from a wide range of industries.
The following table presents changes in reserves for credit losses related to accounts receivable:

| Nine months ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 13,832 |  |  | $ | 13,919 |
Provision for credit losses | 19,849 |  |  | 14,532 |
Charge-offs | (24,825 | ) |  | (20,667 | )
Recoveries of amounts previously charged-off | 4,980 |  |  | 3,965 |
Currency translation | 151 |  |  | (214 | )
Balance, end of period | $ | 13,987 |  |  | $ | 11,535 |

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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

6. | Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill
The changes in goodwill during the first nine months of 2016 were as follows:

| Fleet Solutions Segment |  | Travel and Corporate Solutions Segment |  | Health and Employee Benefit Solutions Segment |  | Total
Gross goodwill, January 1, 2016 | $ | 735,770 |  |  | $ | 38,134 |  |  | $ | 350,321 |  |  | $ | 1,124,225 |
Acquisition of EFS | 602,423 |  |  | 116,556 |  |  | — |  |  | 718,979 |
Acquisition adjustments | — |  |  | — |  |  | 502 |  |  | 502 |
Impact of foreign currency translation | 8,617 |  |  | (1,739 | ) |  | 2,949 |  |  | 9,827 |
Gross goodwill, September 30, 2016 | 1,346,810 |  |  | 152,951 |  |  | 353,772 |  |  | 1,853,533 |
Accumulated impairment, January 1, 2016 | (867 | ) |  | (10,480 | ) |  | — |  |  | (11,347 | )
Impact of foreign currency translation | (40 | ) |  | (483 | ) |  | — |  |  | (523 | )
Accumulated impairment, September 30, 2016 | $ | (907 | ) |  | $ | (10,963 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (11,870 | )
Net goodwill, January 1, 2016 | $ | 734,903 |  |  | $ | 27,654 |  |  | $ | 350,321 |  |  | $ | 1,112,878 |
Net goodwill, September 30, 2016 | $ | 1,345,903 |  |  | $ | 141,988 |  |  | $ | 353,772 |  |  | $ | 1,841,663 |

The Company had no impairments to goodwill during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.
Other Intangible Assets
During the third quarter of 2016, management shortened the useful life of our preexisting over-the-road payment processing technology as a result of the EFS acquisition. We now expect to transition off of this software during the third quarter of 2017. This change in the estimated useful life of this intangible asset resulted in approximately $5.9 million of accelerated amortization during the quarter.
The changes in other intangible assets during the first nine months of 2016 were as follows:

| Net Carrying Amount, January 1, 2016 |  | Acquisitions |  | Amortization |  | Transfers 1 |  | Impact of foreign currency translation |  | Net Carrying Amount, September 30, 2016
Definite-lived intangible assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquired software and developed technology | $ | 114,012 |  |  | $ | 31,100 |  |  | $ | (16,516 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 348 |  |  | $ | 128,944 |
Customer relationships | 297,904 |  |  | 832,400 |  |  | (36,520 | ) |  | — |  |  | 2,287 |  |  | 1,096,071 |
Licensing agreements | 27,398 |  |  | — |  |  | (3,823 | ) |  | — |  |  | 764 |  |  | 24,339 |
Patent | 878 |  |  | — |  |  | (113 | ) |  | — |  |  | (14 | ) |  | 751 |
Trademarks and trade names | 13,144 |  |  | 14,600 |  |  | (2,094 | ) |  | 11,000 |  |  | (204 | ) |  | 36,446 |
Indefinite-lived intangible assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trademarks and trade names | 17,376 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (11,000 | ) |  | 197 |  |  | 6,573 |
Total | $ | 470,712 |  |  | $ | 878,100 |  |  | $ | (59,066 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,378 |  |  | $ | 1,293,124 |
1 During the third quarter of 2016, management reevaluated a trade name assigned to the Health and Employee Benefits Solutions segment, which was previously believed to have an indefinite life. As result, it was determined it is now probable that the trade name will not be renewed upon its 2024 expiration date. As such, this intangible asset will be amortized over its seven-year remaining estimated useful life.

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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
The following table presents the estimated amortization expense related to the definite-lived intangible assets listed above for the remainder of 2016 and for each of the five succeeding fiscal years:

Remaining 2016 | $ | 33,420 |
2017 | $ | 135,637 |
2018 | $ | 119,493 |
2019 | $ | 110,611 |
2020 | $ | 102,706 |
2021 | $ | 92,099 |

Other intangible assets, net consist of the following:

| September 30, 2016 |  | December 31, 2015
| Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Amount |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Amount
Definite-lived intangible assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquired software and developed technology | $ | 185,487 |  |  | $ | (56,543 | ) |  | $ | 128,944 |  |  | $ | 155,182 |  |  | $ | (41,170 | ) |  | $ | 114,012 |
Customer relationships | 1,227,953 |  |  | (131,882 | ) |  | 1,096,071 |  |  | 403,382 |  |  | (105,478 | ) |  | 297,904 |
Licensing agreements | 32,793 |  |  | (8,454 | ) |  | 24,339 |  |  | 31,903 |  |  | (4,505 | ) |  | 27,398 |
Patent | 2,524 |  |  | (1,773 | ) |  | 751 |  |  | 2,413 |  |  | (1,535 | ) |  | 878 |
Trademarks and trade names | 41,696 |  |  | (5,250 | ) |  | 36,446 |  |  | 16,410 |  |  | (3,266 | ) |  | 13,144 |
| $ | 1,490,453 |  |  | $ | (203,902 | ) |  | 1,286,551 |  |  | $ | 609,290 |  |  | $ | (155,954 | ) |  | 453,336 |
Indefinite-lived intangible assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trademarks and trade names |  |  |  |  | 6,573 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17,376 |
Total |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,293,124 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 470,712 |

7. | Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings attributable to shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and vested deferred stock units outstanding during the year. The computation of diluted earnings per share is similar to the computation of basic earnings per share, except that the denominator is increased for the assumed exercise of dilutive options and assumed issuance of unvested restricted stock units and deferred stock units and unvested performance-based restricted stock units for which the performance condition has been met as of the date of determination using the treasury stock method unless the effect is anti-dilutive. The treasury stock method assumes that proceeds, including cash received from the exercise of employee stock options, the total unrecognized compensation expense for unvested share-based compensation awards and the excess tax benefits resulting from share-based compensation tax deductions in excess of the related expense recognized for financial reporting purposes, would be used to purchase the Company's common stock at the average market price during the period.
The following is a reconciliation of the income and share data used in the basic and diluted earnings per share computations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015:

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Net earnings attributable to shareholders – Basic and Diluted | $ | 19,696 |  |  | $ | 32,166 |  |  | $ | 55,350 |  |  | $ | 81,003 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding – Basic | 42,788 |  |  | 38,745 |  |  | 40,126 |  |  | 38,780 |
Dilutive impact of share based compensation awards | 83 |  |  | 63 |  |  | 73 |  |  | 72 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding – Diluted | 42,871 |  |  | 38,808 |  |  | 40,199 |  |  | 38,852 |

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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015, an immaterial number of outstanding stock options, restricted stock units, and performance based restricted stock units for which the performance condition has been met as of the dates of determination were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect of including these awards would be anti-dilutive.

8. | Derivative Instruments

The Company is exposed to certain market risks relating to its ongoing business operations. Derivative instruments were utilized in prior years to manage the Company's commodity price risk. The Company entered into put and call option contracts related to the Company’s commodity price risk, which were based on the wholesale price of gasoline and the retail price of diesel fuel and settled on a monthly basis. These put and call option contracts, or fuel price derivative instruments, were designed to reduce the volatility of the Company’s cash flows associated with its fuel price-related earnings exposure in North America.
During the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company suspended purchases under its fuel derivatives program due to unusually low prices in the commodities market. Management will continue to monitor the fuel price market and evaluate alternatives as it relates to this hedging program. During the first quarter of 2016, the Company held fuel-price sensitive derivative instruments to hedge approximately 20 percent of its anticipated U.S. fuel-price related earnings exposure based on assumptions at time of purchase and all these positions were settled as of March 31, 2016. After the first quarter of 2016, the Company is no longer hedged for changes in fuel prices.
In April 2014, the Company initiated a partial foreign currency exchange hedging program. In 2014, the Company managed its foreign currency exchange exposure on an intra-quarter basis. During the third quarter of 2015, the Company decided to suspend the foreign currency exchange hedging program for all but a few short-term intercompany transactions. Because this was a partial foreign currency exchange hedging program, the Company had foreign currency exchange exposure which was not hedged while the program was in effect.
The realized and unrealized gains or losses on the currency forward contracts and swaps are reported in earnings within the same unaudited condensed consolidated statement of income line as the impact of the foreign currency translation, net foreign currency gain (loss).
Accounting guidance requires companies to recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. The Company’s fuel price derivative instruments and foreign currency instruments do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, and therefore, no such hedging designation has been made.
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
For derivative instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments, the gain or loss on the derivative is recognized in current earnings.
As of September 30, 2016, the Company had the following foreign currency swap outstanding, which is not designated as a hedging contract and settles in U.S. dollars during the fourth quarter of 2016:

|  | Aggregate Notional Amount
Australian dollar |  | A$ | 10,000 |

The following table presents information on the location and amounts of derivative gains and losses in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income:

|  |  | Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments | Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in |  | Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
Income on Derivative |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Commodity contracts | Net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on fuel price derivatives |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,922 |  |  | $ | 711 |  |  | $ | 4,671 |
Foreign currency contracts | Net foreign currency gain (loss) |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | (100 | ) |  | $ | 40 |  |  | $ | 21,867 |

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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
The following table presents information on the location and amounts of derivative fair values in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets:

|  | Derivatives Classified as Assets |  | Derivatives Classified as Liabilities
|  | September 30, 2016 | December 31, 2015 |  | September 30, 2016 | December 31, 2015
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value | Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value | Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value
Commodity contracts |  | Fuel price derivatives, at fair value |  | $ | — |  | Fuel price derivatives, at fair value |  | $ | 5,007 |  |  | Fuel price derivatives, at fair value |  | $ | — |  | Fuel price derivatives, at fair value |  | $ | — |
Foreign currency contracts |  | Accounts receivable |  | $ | — |  | Accounts receivable |  | $ | — |  |  | Accounts payable |  | $ | 9 |  | Accounts payable |  | $ | 90 |

9. | Financing and Other Debt

2016 Credit Agreement
On July 1, 2016, the Company entered into the 2016 Credit Agreement, which replaced the 2014 Credit Agreement. The 2016 Credit Agreement provides for a tranche A term loan facility in an amount equal to $455,000 that matures on July 1, 2021, a tranche B term loan facility in an amount equal to $1,200,000 that matures on July 1, 2023, and a $470,000 secured revolving credit facility, with a $250,000 sublimit for letters of credit and a $20,000 sublimit for swingline loans, that terminates on July 1, 2021. Additional loans of up to the greater of $375,000 (plus the amount of certain prepayments) and an unlimited amount subject to satisfaction of a consolidated leverage ratio test of 4.00 to 1.00 may be made available under the 2016 Credit Agreement upon request of the Company subject to specified terms and conditions, including receipt of lender commitments. Proceeds from the 2016 Credit Agreement may be used for working capital purposes, acquisitions, payment of dividends and other restricted payments, refinancing of indebtedness, and other general corporate purposes.
As of September 30, 2016, the Company had $86,424, net of loan origination fees, of borrowings against its $470,000 revolving credit facility. The outstanding debt under the amortizing term loan arrangement totaled $1,615,841, net of loan origination fees at September 30, 2016. As of September 30, 2016, amounts outstanding under the 2016 Credit Agreement bore a weighted average effective interest rate of 3.8%.
Amounts outstanding under the 2016 Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate equal to, at the Company’s option, (a) the Eurocurrency Rate, as defined in the 2016 Credit Agreement, plus a margin of between 1.75% to 3.25% (3.25% at September 30, 2016) with respect to the tranche A term loan facility and the revolving credit facility and between 3.25% to 3.50% (3.50% at September 30, 2016) with respect to the tranche B term loan facility (with the Eurocurrency Rate subject to a 0.75% floor in the case of the tranche B term loan facility and a 0.0% floor in the case of the tranche A term loan and revolving credit facility), in each case, based on the ratio of consolidated funded indebtedness of the Company and its subsidiaries to consolidated EBITDA or (b) the highest of (i) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (ii) the prime rate announced by Bank of America, and (iii) the Eurocurrency Rate plus 1.00%, in each case plus a margin of 0.75% to 2.25% (2.25% at September 30, 2016) with respect to the tranche A term loan facility and the revolving credit facility or 2.25% to 2.50% (2.50% at September 30, 2016) with respect to the tranche B term loan facility, in each case, based on the ratio of consolidated funded indebtedness of the Company and its subsidiaries to consolidated EBITDA. In addition, the Company has agreed to pay a quarterly commitment fee at a rate per annum ranging from 0.30% to 0.50% (0.50% at September 30, 2016) based on the ratio of consolidated funded indebtedness of the Company and its subsidiaries to consolidated EBITDA of the daily unused portion of the 2016 Credit Agreement. The tranche B term loan facility was issued with an original issue discount of 1.00%.
The 2016 Credit Agreement requires the Company to prepay outstanding term loans, subject to certain exceptions, with:

• | solely with respect to the tranche B term loan facility, currently 50% (subject to reduction to 25% and 0% based upon the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio) of the Company’s annual Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the 2016 Credit Agreement);

• | 100% of the net cash proceeds of certain asset sales where the proceeds exceed certain thresholds, and certain casualty and condemnation events, subject to reinvestment rights and certain other exceptions; and

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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

• | 100% of the net cash proceeds of any incurrence or issuance of certain debt, other than debt permitted under the 2016 Credit Agreement.

The Company may voluntarily prepay outstanding loans from time to time, subject to certain conditions, without premium or penalty other than customary “breakage” costs with respect to Eurocurrency Rate loans, provided, however, that if on or prior to the date that is twelve (12) months following the closing date, the Company prepays any loans under the tranche B term loan facility in connection with a repricing transaction, the Company must pay a prepayment premium of 1.00% of the aggregate principal amount of the tranche B term loans so prepaid.
The Company is required to make scheduled quarterly payments each equal to 1.25% in the case of the tranche A term loan facility, and 0.25% in the case of the tranche B term loan facility, of the original principal amount of the respective term loans made on the closing date, with the balance due at maturity.
The 2016 Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, as well as affirmative and negative covenants. The 2016 Credit Agreement also requires, solely for the benefit of the lenders under the tranche A term loan facility and the revolving credit facility, that the Company maintain at the end of each fiscal quarter the following financial ratios:

• | a consolidated EBITDA to consolidated interest charge coverage ratio of no less than 3.25 to 1.00; and

• | a consolidated funded indebtedness (excluding (i) up to an agreed amount of consolidated funded indebtedness under permitted securitization transactions and (ii) the non-recourse portion of any permitted factoring transaction) to consolidated EBITDA ratio of, initially, no more than 5.40 to 1.00, which ratio shall step down to 5.25 to 1.00 at December 31, 2016, 5.00 to 1.00 at December 31, 2017, 4.25 to 1.00 at December 31, 2018 and 4.00 to 1.00 at December 31, 2019.

The obligations under the 2016 Credit Agreement are secured by a security interest in, subject to certain exceptions, substantially all of the assets of the Company pursuant to the terms of a U.S. Security Agreement, dated as of July 1, 2016, in favor of Bank of America, as collateral agent for the lenders.
On July 1, 2016, the Company borrowed the entire principal amount of the tranche A term loan facility, the entire principal amount of the tranche B term loan facility and $220,000 under the revolving credit facility to pay the cash portion of the purchase price for the acquisition of EFS, repay EFS's outstanding credit facilities, repay amounts outstanding under the 2014 Credit Agreement, and pay related fees, expenses and other transaction costs, as well as for working capital and other general corporate purposes. The total initial borrowing on July 1, 2016 was $1,875,000 and the total borrowing capacity under the 2016 Credit Agreement is $2,125,000.
On July 1, 2016, concurrently with the financing transactions discussed above, the Company repaid in full all outstanding amounts under the 2014 Credit Agreement and terminated all commitments by the lenders to extend further credit thereunder and all guarantees and security interests granted by the Company to the lenders thereunder. The Company did not incur any early termination penalties in connection with the termination of the 2014 Credit Agreement.
2014 Credit Agreement
As of June 30, 2016, the Company had $282,639, net of loan origination fees, of borrowings against its $700,000 revolving credit facility. The outstanding debt under the amortizing term loan arrangement, which was scheduled to expire in January of 2018, totaled $445,000 at June 30, 2016 and $458,750 at December 31, 2015. As of June 30, 2016, amounts outstanding under the amortizing term loan bore interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 200 basis points. The revolving credit facility bore interest at a rate equal to, at the Company's option, (a) LIBOR plus 200 basis points, (b) the prime rate plus 100 basis points for domestic borrowings; and the Eurocurrency rate plus 200 basis points for international borrowings.
On July 1, 2016, the Company entered into the 2016 Credit Agreement, which replaced the 2014 Credit Agreement. See above for a discussion of the 2016 Credit Agreement.
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
Borrowed Federal Funds
In the third quarter of 2016, the Company increased its federal funds lines of credit to $225,000. As of September 30, 2016, the Company had $0 outstanding on its $225,000 federal funds lines of credit. As of December 31, 2015 the Company had no outstanding balance on its $257,500 of available credit on these lines.
UNIK debt
UNIK had approximately $13,127 of debt as of September 30, 2016, and $5,046 of debt as of December 31, 2015. UNIK's debt is comprised of various credit facilities held in Brazil, with various maturity dates. The weighted average annual interest rate was 14.6 percent as of September 30, 2016 and 13.5 percent as of December 31, 2015. This debt is classified in Other debt on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets for the periods presented.
Participation debt
During the second quarter of 2014, WEX Bank entered into an agreement with a third-party bank to fund customer balances that exceeded WEX Bank's lending limit to an individual customer. This agreement was most recently amended in July 2016 to extend the maturity date while maintaining a funding capacity of $45,000. During the second quarter of 2016, WEX Bank entered into another agreement with a separate third-party bank for a funding capacity of $10,000. This agreement was amended in August 2016 to increase the funding capacity to $50,000. These borrowings carry a variable interest rate of 1 to 3-month LIBOR plus a margin of 225 basis points. The balance of the debt was $95,000 as of September 30, 2016 and $45,000 as of December 31, 2015 and was secured by an interest in the underlying customer receivables. The participation debt balance will fluctuate on a daily basis based on customer funding needs, and will range from $0 to $95,000. The Company's participation debt agreements will mature on December 31, 2020 and August 18, 2017, respectively. This debt is classified in Other debt on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets for the periods presented.
Australian securitization facility
On April 28, 2015, the Company entered into a one year securitized debt agreement with the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. In April 2016, this agreement was extended for one year. Under the terms of the agreement, each month, on a revolving basis, the Company sells certain of its Australian receivables to our Australian Securitization Subsidiary. The Australian Securitization Subsidiary, in turn, uses the receivables as collateral to issue asset-backed commercial paper ("securitized debt") for approximately 85 percent of the securitized receivables. The amount collected on the securitized receivables is restricted to pay the securitized debt and is not available for general corporate purposes.
The Company pays a variable interest rate on the outstanding balance of the securitized debt, based on the Australian Bank Bill Rate plus an applicable margin. The interest rate was 2.70 percent as of September 30, 2016 and 2.91 percent as of December 31, 2015. The Company had $76,408 of securitized debt under this facility as of September 30, 2016 and $82,018 of securitized debt as of December 31, 2015.
European securitization facility
On April 7, 2016, the Company entered into a five year securitized debt agreement with the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company sells certain of its receivables from selected European countries to our European Securitization Subsidiary. The European Securitization Subsidiary, in turn, uses the receivables as collateral to issue securitized debt. The amount collected on the securitized receivables is restricted to pay the securitized debt and is not available for general corporate purposes. The amounts of receivables to be securitized under this agreement will be determined by management on a monthly basis. The Company had $7,460 of securitized debt under this facility as of September 30, 2016 at an interest rate of 0.83 percent.
Debt issuance costs
During the third quarter of 2016, the Company capitalized approximately $46,882 of debt issuance costs associated with the 2016 Credit Agreement. Additionally, we expensed approximately $5,056 during the third quarter of 2016 related to noncapitalizable third-party costs incurred in connection with the modification of certain 2014 Credit Agreement syndicate loans. These debt issuance costs will be amortized into interest expense over the 2016 Credit Agreement's term using the effective interest method for the tranche A and B term loans and the straight-line method for the revolver.
The Company recognized a loss of $2,018 associated with the early extinguishment of the 2014 Credit Agreement during the three months ended September 30, 2016, including a partial write-off of previously capitalized debt issuance costs and newly paid lender fees associated with the extinguishment of syndicate borrowings.
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
In January 2016, the Company began to incur ticking fees for the debt financing commitment associated with the 2016 Credit Agreement in anticipation of the then pending acquisition of EFS. Pursuant to the terms set forth in the bank commitment letter, the ticking fees were calculated based on the financing commitment in the aggregate amount of $2,125,000, and remained in place until the closing of the EFS acquisition on July 1, 2016 (see Note 3). Total ticking fees accrued were $30,045 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, and are included in financing interest expense. In conjunction with the continued negotiation of the Company's new credit agreement, the amount of ticking fees to be paid was reduced by $7,874. The total amount of ticking fees paid at the closing of the EFS acquisition was $22,171. The excess ticking fees were reflected as a reduction of the $46,882 debt issuance costs related to the 2016 Credit Agreement noted above and will be amortized over the 2016 Credit Agreement's term using the effective interest method for the tranche A and B term loans and the straight-line method for the revolver.
The following table presents the Company's net debt issuance costs related to its revolving line-of-credit facilities, term loan and notes outstanding:

| September 30, 2016 |  | December 31, 2015
Revolving line of credit facilities and term loan | $ | 40,147 |  |  | $ | 4,837 |
Notes outstanding | $ | 4,649 |  |  | $ | 5,200 |

10. | Fair Value

The Company holds mortgage-backed securities, fixed income securities, derivatives (see Note 8, Derivative Instruments) and certain other financial instruments which are carried at fair value. The Company determines fair value based upon quoted prices when available or through the use of alternative approaches, such as model pricing, when market quotes are not readily accessible or available. In determining the fair value of the Company’s obligations, various factors are considered, including: closing exchange or over-the-counter market price quotations; time value and volatility factors underlying options and derivatives; price activity for equivalent instruments; and the Company’s own credit standing.
These valuation techniques may be based upon observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. These two types of inputs create the following fair value hierarchy:

• | Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

• | Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.

• | Level 3 – Instruments whose significant value drivers are unobservable.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. We did not have any transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2016.
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
The following table presents the Company’s assets that are measured at fair value and the related hierarchy levels as of September 30, 2016:

|  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
| September 30, 2016 |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage-backed securities | $ | 499 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 499 |  |  | $ | — |
Asset-backed securities | 688 |  |  | — |  |  | 688 |  |  | — |
Municipal bonds | 708 |  |  | — |  |  | 708 |  |  | — |
Fixed-income mutual fund | 22,265 |  |  | 22,265 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total available-for-sale securities | $ | 24,160 |  |  | $ | 22,265 |  |  | $ | 1,895 |  |  | $ | — |
Executive deferred compensation plan trust (a) | $ | 5,716 |  |  | $ | 5,716 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency swaps (b) | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | — |

(a) | The fair value of these instruments is recorded in Other assets.

(b) | The fair value of these instruments is recorded in Accounts payable.

The following table presents the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value and the related hierarchy levels as of December 31, 2015:

|  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
| December 31, 2015 |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage-backed securities | $ | 650 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 650 |  |  | $ | — |
Asset-backed securities | 848 |  |  | — |  |  | 848 |  |  | — |
Municipal bonds | 398 |  |  | — |  |  | 398 |  |  | — |
Fixed-income mutual fund | 16,666 |  |  | 16,666 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total available-for-sale securities | $ | 18,562 |  |  | $ | 16,666 |  |  | $ | 1,896 |  |  | $ | — |
Executive deferred compensation plan trust (a) | $ | 5,655 |  |  | $ | 5,655 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Fuel price derivatives – unleaded fuel (b) | $ | 3,083 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,083 |  |  | $ | — |
Fuel price derivatives – diesel (b) | 1,924 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,924 |
Total fuel price derivatives | $ | 5,007 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,083 |  |  | $ | 1,924 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency swaps (c) | $ | 90 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 90 |  |  | $ | — |

(a) | The fair value of these instruments is recorded in Other assets.

(b) | The balance sheet presentation combines unleaded fuel and diesel fuel positions.

(c) | The fair value of these instruments is recorded in Accounts payable.

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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
Available-for-sale securities and executive deferred compensation plan trust
When available, the Company uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of available-for-sale securities; such items are classified in Level 1 of the fair-value hierarchy. These securities primarily consist of an open-ended mutual fund which is invested in fixed-income securities and is held in order to satisfy certain regulatory requirements of WEX Bank.
For mortgage-backed and asset-backed debt securities and bonds, the Company generally uses quoted prices for recent trading activity of assets with similar characteristics to the debt security or bond being valued. The securities and bonds priced using such methods are generally classified as Level 2. The obligations related to the deferred compensation plan trust are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy because the fair value is determined using quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Foreign currency contracts
Derivatives include foreign currency forward and swap contracts. The Company's foreign currency forward and swap contracts are valued using an income approach (Level 2) based on the spot rate less the contract rate multiplied by the notional amount. We consider counterparty credit risk in the valuation of the Company's derivatives. This credit risk did not have a material impact on the valuation of the Company's derivatives during 2016 and 2015.
Fuel price derivative instruments
The majority of fuel price derivative instruments entered into by the Company were executed over-the-counter and were valued using internal valuation techniques as no quoted market prices exist for such instruments. The valuation technique and inputs depend on the type of derivative and the nature of the underlying instrument. The principal technique used to value these instruments was a comparison of the spot price of the underlying instrument to its related futures curve adjusted for the Company’s assumptions of volatility and present value, where appropriate. The fair values of derivative contracts reflected the expected cash the Company would pay or receive upon settlement of the respective contracts.
The key inputs depend upon the type of derivative and the nature of the underlying instrument and include interest rate yield curves, the spot price of the underlying instruments, volatility, and correlation. The item was placed in either Level 2 or Level 3 depending on the observability of the significant inputs to the model. Correlation and inputs with longer tenures are generally less observable.
Fuel price derivative instruments – diesel. The assumptions used in the valuation of the diesel fuel price derivative instruments used both observable and unobservable inputs. There is a lack of price transparency with respect to forward prices for diesel fuel. Such unobservable inputs are significant to the diesel fuel derivative contract valuation methodology.
After the first quarter of 2016, the Company no longer holds any fuel price derivatives.
The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for fuel-price derivative assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended September 30, 2015:

|  | Fuel Price Derivatives – Diesel
Beginning balance, July 1 2015 |  | $ | 6,078 |
Total gains and (losses) – realized/unrealized |  |
Included in earnings (a) |  | (1,633 | )
Included in other comprehensive income |  | — |
Purchases, issuances and settlements |  | — |
Transfers (in)/out of Level 3 |  | — |
Ending balance, September 30 2015 |  | $ | 4,445 |

(a) | Gains and losses for the three months ended September 30, 2015 are reported in net realized and unrealized losses on fuel price derivatives on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income.

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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for fuel-price derivative assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the nine months ended:

|  | September 30, 2016 |  | September 30, 2015
|  | Fuel Price Derivatives – Diesel |  | Fuel Price Derivatives – Diesel
Beginning balance, January 1, 2016 and 2015, respectively |  | $ | 1,924 |  |  | $ | 11,848 |
Total (losses) and gains – realized/unrealized |  |  |  |
Included in earnings (a) |  | (1,924 | ) |  | (7,403 | )
Included in other comprehensive income |  | — |  |  | — |
Purchases, issuances and settlements |  | — |  |  | — |
Transfers (in)/out of Level 3 |  | — |  |  | — |
Ending balance September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,445 |

(a) | Gains and losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 are reported in net realized and unrealized losses on fuel price derivatives on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income.

Debt
We determine the fair value of the amount outstanding under our 2016 Credit Facility and Notes based on the market rates for the issuance of the Company's debt which are Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of amounts outstanding under the 2016 Credit Facility approximate the carrying value.
The Notes outstanding as of September 30, 2016 have a carrying value of $400,000, less loan origination fees of $4,649, and a fair value of $396,000. As of December 31, 2015 the carrying value of the $400,000 in Notes outstanding, less loan origination fees of $5,200, had a fair value of $366,000.

11. | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

A reconciliation of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, is as follows:

| 2016 |  | 2015
| Unrealized Gains and Losses on Available- for-Sale Securities |  | Foreign Currency Items |  | Unrealized Gains and Losses on Available- for-Sale Securities |  | Foreign Currency Items
Beginning balance | $ | 59 |  |  | $ | (104,079 | ) |  | $ | (178 | ) |  | $ | (67,344 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) | (62 | ) |  | 1,549 |  |  | 99 |  |  | (32,490 | )
Purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (9,108 | )
Ending balance | $ | (3 | ) |  | $ | (102,530 | ) |  | $ | (79 | ) |  | $ | (108,942 | )

A reconciliation of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, is as follows:

| 2016 |  | 2015
| Unrealized Gains and Losses on Available- for-Sale Securities |  | Foreign Currency Items |  | Unrealized Gains and Losses on Available- for-Sale Securities |  | Foreign Currency Items
Beginning balance | $ | (212 | ) |  | $ | (103,239 | ) |  | $ | (129 | ) |  | $ | (50,452 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 209 |  |  | 709 |  |  | 50 |  |  | (49,382 | )
Purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (9,108 | )
Ending balance | $ | (3 | ) |  | $ | (102,530 | ) |  | $ | (79 | ) |  | $ | (108,942 | )

No amounts were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the periods presented.
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
The change in foreign currency items is primarily due to the foreign currency translation of non-cash assets such as goodwill and other intangible assets related to the Company's foreign subsidiaries.
The total tax effect on accumulated unrealized losses, as of September 30, 2016, was $5,025, and the total tax effect on accumulated unrealized losses, as of September 30, 2015, was $1,414.

12. | Non-controlling Interests

On August 30, 2012, the Company acquired a 51 percent ownership interest in UNIK. The redeemable non-controlling interest was measured at fair value at the date of acquisition and was reported on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as “Redeemable non-controlling interest." On August 31, 2015, the Company acquired the remaining 49 percent ownership in UNIK for $46,018. Due to put rights held by the non-controlling shareholders after the Company's original investment, the non-controlling interest was previously reported as a liability rather than permanent equity. The Company agreed to cancel this put option in conjunction with the acquisition of the remaining 49 percent ownership. The value of the redeemable non-controlling interest was adjusted to the redemption value at date of purchase and the Company recorded the adjustment to retained earnings. This adjustment to retained earnings reduces the Earnings Per Share to shareholders. The Company recorded the amount paid in excess of the redemption value in additional paid-in capital and the impact related to foreign currency in accumulated other comprehensive income. The Company's overall purchase price was less than the fair value of UNIK.
A reconciliation of redeemable non-controlling interest for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, is as follows:

| Three months ended September 30, 2015 |  | Nine months ended September 30, 2015
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 14,992 |  |  | $ | 16,590 |
Net gain attributable to redeemable non-controlling interest | 531 |  |  | 1,190 |
Currency translation adjustment | (1,953 | ) |  | (4,210 | )
Adjustment to redemption value | 9,413 |  |  | 9,413 |
Excess purchase amount over redemption value | 23,035 |  |  | 23,035 |
Purchase of non-controlling interest | (46,018 | ) |  | (46,018 | )
Ending balance | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

On December 1, 2014, WEX acquired the assets of ExxonMobil's Esso portfolio in Europe through its majority owned subsidiary, WEX Europe Services Limited. The Company formed this entity during 2013 and has 75 percent ownership.
A reconciliation of non-controlling interest for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 is as follows:

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 12,052 |  |  | $ | 13,165 |  |  | $ | 12,437 |  |  | $ | 17,396 |
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest | (493 | ) |  | (328 | ) |  | (1,013 | ) |  | (3,391 | )
Currency translation adjustment | 55 |  |  | (505 | ) |  | 190 |  |  | (1,673 | )
Ending balance | $ | 11,614 |  |  | $ | 12,332 |  |  | $ | 11,614 |  |  | $ | 12,332 |

13. | Income Taxes

The Company's effective tax rate was 24.0 percent for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to 42.4 percent for the third quarter of 2015. A decrease to valuation allowances previously established on estimated non-deductible expenses and certain state net operating losses in the aggregate amount of $3,175 was recorded as a reduction to income tax expense during the third quarter of 2016. The acquisition of EFS provided additional sources of taxable income causing a change in judgment about the realizability of related deferred tax assets. Nondeductible expenses and discrete tax items in the third quarter of 2015 contributed to the higher effective tax rate, as compared to the third quarter of 2016. Other factors contributing to the rate
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
fluctuation include changes in the mix of earnings among different tax jurisdictions as well as changes to overall worldwide profitability.
Undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries of the Company amounted to $27,092 at September 30, 2016, and $13,230 at December 31, 2015. These earnings are considered to be indefinitely reinvested, and accordingly, no U.S. federal and state income taxes have been provided thereon. Upon distribution of these earnings in the form of dividends or otherwise, the Company would be subject to both U.S. income taxes (subject to an adjustment for foreign tax credits) and withholding taxes payable to the various foreign countries. The Company has determined that the amount of taxes attributable to these undistributed earnings is not practicably determinable.

14. | Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation
On August 11, 2016, the Company was sued in the Circuit Court of St. Charles County, Missouri, in a putative class action alleging the Company improperly sent unauthorized facsimile advertisements in violation of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act, 47 U.S.C. § 227 (the “TCPA”). The named plaintiff seeks to represent a nationwide class of recipients of unauthorized facsimile advertisements from the Company (collectively, the "Plaintiffs") and requests statutory damages for each facsimile advertisement. The Plaintiffs further allege that the opt-out notice of the faxes did not meet the criteria set forth in the TCPA or its underlying regulations. The Company removed the case to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri on September 15, 2016. On October 14, 2016, the Company filed an answer denying liability and stating the facsimile advertisement at issue was sent by FleetOne, LLC, Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary.
The Company is currently conducting an internal review of this matter and intends to vigorously defend itself. The current estimate of a reasonably possible loss contingency is not material to the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows or liquidity.
The Company is involved in other pending litigation in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, such litigation will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Commitments
As described in Notes 3 and 9, the Company closed on the 2016 Credit Agreement and the EFS acquisition on July 1, 2016.
Other significant commitments and contingencies as of September 30, 2016 are consistent with those discussed in Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements in the 2015 Annual Report.

15. | Restructuring

In the first quarter of 2015, the Company commenced a restructuring initiative (the "2015 Restructuring Initiative") as a result of its global review of operations. The global review of operations identified certain initiatives to further streamline the business, improve the Company's efficiency, and to globalize the Company's operations, all with an objective to improve scale and increase profitability going forward.
The Company continued its efforts to improve its overall operational efficiency and began a second restructuring initiative (the "2016 Restructuring Initiative") during the second quarter of 2016. In connection with the EFS acquisition, the Company initiated a restructuring program in the third quarter of 2016 (the "Acquisition Integration Restructuring Initiative").
The restructuring expenses related to these initiatives primarily consist of employee costs and office closure costs directly associated with the program. The Company has determined that the amount of expenses related to these initiatives are probable and estimable and has recorded the impact on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income and in Accrued expenses on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. The balance under the 2015 Restructuring Initiative is expected to be paid through 2017, the amount under the 2016 Restructuring Initiative is expected to be paid through 2018, and the amount under the Acquisition Integration Restructuring Initiative is expected to be paid through 2017. The Company expects to incur an additional $3,000 in restructuring costs related to the 2015 Restructuring Initiative, an additional $900 in restructuring costs related to the 2016 Restructuring Initiative, and an additional $1,300 in restructuring costs related to the Acquisition Integration Restructuring Initiative.
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
The following table presents the Company's 2015 Restructuring Initiative liability for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015:

| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015 | 2016 |  | 2015
Beginning balance | $ | 7,085 |  |  | $ | 8,822 |  | $ | 7,249 |  |  | $ | — |
Restructuring charges | 446 |  |  | — |  | 2,035 |  |  | 8,559 |
Reserve release | — |  |  | (45 | ) | — |  |  | (45 | )
Cash paid | (638 | ) |  | — |  | (2,763 | ) |  | — |
Impact of foreign currency translation | 701 |  |  | (304 | ) | 1,073 |  |  | (41 | )
Ending balance | $ | 7,594 |  |  | $ | 8,473 |  | $ | 7,594 |  |  | $ | 8,473 |

The following table presents the Company’s 2016 Restructuring Initiative liability for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016:

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
Beginning balance | $ | 3,488 |  |  | $ | — |
Restructuring charges | — |  |  | 3,506 |
Cash paid | (4 | ) |  | (4 | )
Impact of foreign currency translation | 264 |  |  | 246 |
Ending balance | $ | 3,748 |  |  | $ | 3,748 |

The following table presents the Company’s Acquisition Integration Restructuring Initiative liability for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016:

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
Beginning balance | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Restructuring charges | 2,085 |  |  | 2,085 |
Cash paid | (421 | ) |  | (421 | )
Impact of foreign currency translation | — |  |  | — |
Ending balance | $ | 1,664 |  |  | $ | 1,664 |

The following table presents the Company's total restructuring liability for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015:

| Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
| 2016 |  | 2015 | 2016 |  | 2015
Beginning balance | $ | 10,573 |  |  | $ | 8,822 |  | $ | 7,249 |  |  | $ | — |
Restructuring charges | 2,531 |  |  | — |  | 7,626 |  |  | 8,559 |
Reserve release | — |  |  | (45 | ) | — |  |  | (45 | )
Cash paid | (1,063 | ) |  | — |  | (3,188 | ) |  | — |
Impact of foreign currency translation | 965 |  |  | (304 | ) | 1,319 |  |  | (41 | )
Ending balance | $ | 13,006 |  |  | $ | 8,473 |  | $ | 13,006 |  |  | $ | 8,473 |

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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

16. | Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available and is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive Officer. The operating segments are aggregated into the three reportable segments described below.
The Company’s chief operating decision maker evaluates the operating results of the Company’s operating and reportable segments based upon revenues and adjusted pre-tax income before NCI which adjusts income before income taxes to exclude certain items as noted below.
The Fleet Solutions segment provides customers with payment and transaction processing services specifically designed for the needs of commercial and government fleets. This segment also provides information management services to these fleet customers. The Travel and Corporate Solutions segment focuses on the complex payment environment of business-to-business payments, providing customers with payment processing solutions for their corporate payment and transaction monitoring needs. The Health and Employee Benefit Solutions segment provides healthcare payment products and SaaS consumer directed platforms, as well as payroll related benefits to customers in Brazil. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company reported its results of operations in two business segments, Fleet Payment Solutions and Other Payment Solutions. During the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company revised its internal and external reporting and reports its results of operations in three reportable segments. The Company has recast the prior year's segment information to conform to the current year presentation.
During the third quarter of 2016, management continued to further refine our segment reporting, reclassifying certain revenues and expenses previously reported in our Health and Employee Benefit Solutions segment to our Fleet Solutions segment. The prior year amounts have been revised to reflect these adjustments, which were not deemed to be material to prior interim or annual periods, either individually or in the aggregate.
Our segments earn interest income both from banking relationships and from cardholders. The majority of interest income from cardholders is earned on our salary payment cards offered in Brazil.
The following table presents the Company's interest income by segment:

| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015 | 2016 |  | 2015
Fleet Solutions | $ | 961 |  |  | $ | 142 |  | $ | 2,547 |  |  | $ | 966 |
Travel and Corporate Solutions | 143 |  |  | 91 |  | 330 |  |  | 245 |
Health and Employee Benefit Solutions | 2,794 |  |  | 1,606 |  | 6,176 |  |  | 4,010 |
Total interest income | $ | 3,898 |  |  | $ | 1,839 |  | $ | 9,053 |  |  | $ | 5,221 |

Net realized and unrealized losses on derivative instruments are allocated to the Fleet Solutions segment in the computation of segment results for internal evaluation purposes. Total assets are not allocated to the segments.
Beginning in the second quarter of 2015, adjusted pre-tax income before NCI excludes net foreign currency gains and losses. Beginning in the third quarter of 2016, adjusted pre-tax income before NCI further excludes debt issuance cost amortization. For comparative purposes, adjusted pre-tax income before NCI attributable to shareholders for the prior periods has been adjusted to reflect the exclusion of these items and differs from the figure previously reported due to this adjustment.
The segment information has also been updated for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 to disaggregate revenue into payment processing, account servicing, finance fee and other revenue in order to provide additional information regarding the Company’s significant revenue streams and to conform to the current year presentation. There was no change to total revenue or other financial information in any of the periods presented as a result of this updated presentation.
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
The following tables present the Company’s reportable segment results on an adjusted pre-tax net income before NCI basis for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015:

| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015 | 2016 |  | 2015
Fleet Solutions revenue |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment processing revenue | $ | 83,132 |  |  | $ | 80,230 |  | $ | 216,133 |  |  | $ | 233,300 |
Account servicing revenue | 37,414 |  |  | 26,024 |  | 90,400 |  |  | 75,267 |
Finance fee revenue | 33,230 |  |  | 21,794 |  | 85,841 |  |  | 59,858 |
Other revenue | 30,982 |  |  | 14,789 |  | 57,417 |  |  | 43,345 |
Total Fleet Solutions revenue | $ | 184,758 |  |  | $ | 142,837 |  | $ | 449,791 |  |  | $ | 411,770 |
Total Fleet Solutions operating interest expense | $ | 1,066 |  |  | $ | 405 |  | $ | 1,867 |  |  | $ | 1,566 |
Total Fleet Solutions depreciation and amortization | $ | 35,172 |  |  | $ | 13,266 |  | $ | 62,927 |  |  | $ | 41,877 |
Total Fleet Solutions adjusted pre-tax income before NCI | $ | 49,718 |  |  | $ | 55,902 |  | $ | 121,096 |  |  | $ | 153,725 |

| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015 | 2016 |  | 2015
Travel and Corporate Solutions revenue |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment processing revenue | $ | 52,551 |  |  | $ | 44,387 |  | $ | 130,372 |  |  | $ | 114,586 |
Account servicing revenue | 242 |  |  | 449 |  | 852 |  |  | 1,329 |
Finance fee revenue | 115 |  |  | 104 |  | 336 |  |  | 233 |
Other revenue | 10,407 |  |  | 11,542 |  | 30,235 |  |  | 31,621 |
Total Travel and Corporate Solutions revenue | $ | 63,315 |  |  | $ | 56,482 |  | $ | 161,795 |  |  | $ | 147,769 |
Total Travel and Corporate Solutions operating interest expense | $ | 840 |  |  | $ | 488 |  | $ | 2,003 |  |  | $ | 754 |
Total Travel and Corporate Solutions depreciation and amortization | $ | 1,630 |  |  | $ | 1,336 |  | $ | 3,007 |  |  | $ | 2,251 |
Total Travel and Corporate Solutions adjusted pre-tax income before NCI | $ | 31,449 |  |  | $ | 26,991 |  | $ | 74,797 |  |  | $ | 68,076 |

| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015 | 2016 |  | 2015
Health and Employee Benefit Solutions revenue |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment processing revenue | $ | 10,499 |  |  | $ | 8,581 |  | $ | 36,814 |  |  | $ | 30,828 |
Account servicing revenue | 21,159 |  |  | 13,105 |  | 59,518 |  |  | 38,404 |
Finance fee revenue | 2,793 |  |  | 1,604 |  | 6,171 |  |  | 4,003 |
Other revenue | 5,232 |  |  | 3,448 |  | 13,532 |  |  | 9,221 |
Total Health and Employee Benefit Solutions revenue | $ | 39,683 |  |  | $ | 26,738 |  | $ | 116,035 |  |  | $ | 82,456 |
Total Health and Employee Benefit Solutions operating interest expense | $ | 693 |  |  | $ | 590 |  | $ | 1,620 |  |  | $ | 2,099 |
Total Health and Employee Benefit Solutions depreciation and amortization | $ | 9,206 |  |  | $ | 6,176 |  | $ | 25,447 |  |  | $ | 18,796 |
Total Health and Employee Benefit Solutions adjusted pre-tax income before NCI | $ | 3,364 |  |  | $ | 2,633 |  | $ | 15,571 |  |  | $ | 12,144 |

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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
The following table reconciles income before income taxes to adjusted pre-tax income before NCI:

| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015 | 2016 |  | 2015
Income before income taxes | $ | 25,268 |  |  | $ | 72,496 |  | $ | 78,067 |  |  | $ | 149,862 |
Acquisition and divestiture related items | 46,955 |  |  | 11,888 |  | 108,805 |  |  | 34,843 |
Debt restructuring and debt issuance cost amortization | 9,106 |  |  | 778 |  | 10,649 |  |  | 2,319 |
Stock-based compensation | 5,199 |  |  | 3,067 |  | 14,312 |  |  | 10,227 |
Restructuring and other costs | 3,767 |  |  | (45 | ) | 11,689 |  |  | 8,514 |
Changes in unrealized fuel price derivatives | — |  |  | 3,251 |  | 5,007 |  |  | 27,552 |
Net foreign currency remeasurement (gains) losses | (5,932 | ) |  | (6,525 | ) | (17,233 | ) |  | 12 |
Non-cash adjustments related to tax receivable agreement | 168 |  |  | (1,634 | ) | 168 |  |  | (1,634 | )
Regulatory reserve | — |  |  | 2,250 |  | — |  |  | 2,250 |
Adjusted pre-tax income before NCI | $ | 84,531 |  |  | $ | 85,526 |  | $ | 211,464 |  |  | $ | 233,945 |

The Company's adjusted pre-tax income before NCI excludes acquisition and divestiture related items, debt restructuring and debt issuance cost amortization, stock-based compensation, restructuring and other costs related to certain outsourcing initiatives, changes in unrealized fuel price derivatives, net foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses, non-cash adjustments related to our tax receivable agreement and reserves for regulatory penalties.
Although adjusted pre-tax income before NCI is not calculated in accordance with GAAP, this non-GAAP measure is integral to the Company's reporting and planning processes and the chief operating decision maker of the Company uses it to allocate resources. The Company considers this measure integral because in the periods prior to the second quarter of 2016, it eliminated the non-cash volatility associated with fuel price related derivative instruments, and it continues to exclude other specified items that the Company's management excludes in evaluating the Company's performance. Specifically, in addition to evaluating the Company's performance on a GAAP basis, management evaluates the Company's performance on a basis that excludes the above items because:

• | The Company considers certain acquisition-related costs, including certain financing costs, ticking fees, investment banking fees, warranty and indemnity insurance, acquisition-related expenses and amortization of acquired intangibles, as well as gains and losses from divestitures to be unpredictable, dependent on factors that may be outside of our control and unrelated to the continuing operations of the acquired or divested business or the Company. In prior periods not reflected above, the Company has adjusted for goodwill impairments and acquisition related asset impairments. In addition, the size and complexity of an acquisition, which often drives the magnitude of acquisition-related costs, may not be indicative of such future costs. The Company believes that excluding acquisition-related costs and gains or losses of divestitures facilitates the comparison of our financial results to the Company's historical operating results and to other companies in our industry.

• | Debt issuance cost amortization is a non-cash item. Additionally, both the debt issuance cost amortization and the costs associated with debt restructuring are unrelated to the continuing operations of the Company. Because these types of costs are dependent upon the financing method which can vary widely company to company, we believe that excluding these costs helps to facilitate comparison to historical results as well as to other companies within our industry.

• | Stock-based compensation is different from other forms of compensation, as it is a non-cash expense. For example, a cash salary generally has a fixed and unvarying cash cost. In contrast, the expense associated with an equity-based award is generally unrelated to the amount of cash ultimately received by the employee, and the cost to the Company is based on a stock-based compensation valuation methodology and underlying assumptions that may vary over time.

• | Restructuring and other costs are related to employee termination benefits from certain identified initiatives to further streamline the business, improve the Company's efficiency, create synergies, globalize the Company's operations, and advance certain outsourcing initiatives, all with an objective to improve scale and increase profitability going forward. We exclude these items when evaluating our continuing business performance as such items are not consistently occurring and do not reflect expected future operating expense, nor provide insight into the fundamentals of current or past operations of our business.

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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

• | Exclusion of the non-cash, mark-to-market adjustments on fuel-price related derivative instruments helps management identify and assess trends in the Company's underlying business that might otherwise be obscured due to quarterly non-cash earnings fluctuations associated with fuel-price-related derivative contracts. The non-cash mark-to-market adjustments on derivative instruments are difficult to forecast accurately, making comparisons across historical and future quarters difficult to evaluate.

• | Net foreign currency gains and losses primarily result from the remeasurement to functional currency of cash, receivable and payable balances, certain intercompany notes denominated in foreign currencies and any gain or loss on foreign currency hedges relating to these items. The exclusion of these items helps management compare changes in operating results between periods that might otherwise be obscured due to currency fluctuations.

• | Regulatory reserves reflect charges related to the estimated impact of a regulatory action which resulted in WEX paying a penalty. We have excluded this item when evaluating our continuing business performance as it is not consistently recurring and does not reflect an expected future operating expense, nor provide insight into the fundamentals of the current or past operations of our business.

• | The non-cash adjustments related to tax receivable agreement have no significant impact on the ongoing operations of the business.

For the same reasons, WEX believes that adjusted pre-tax income before NCI may also be useful to investors as one means of evaluating the Company's performance. However, because adjusted pre-tax income before NCI is a non-GAAP measure, it should not be considered as a substitute for, or superior to, net income, operating income or cash flows from operating activities as determined in accordance with GAAP. In addition, adjusted pre-tax income before NCI as used by WEX may not be comparable to similarly titled measures employed by other companies.

17. | Supplementary Regulatory Capital Disclosure

The Company's subsidiary, WEX Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the FDIC and the Utah Department of Financial Institutions. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possible additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, WEX Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of WEX Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. WEX Bank’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require WEX Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios as defined in the regulations. As of December 31, 2015, the most recent FDIC exam report categorized WEX Bank as “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or events subsequent to that examination report that management believes have changed WEX Bank’s capital rating.
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
WEX Bank’s actual and regulatory minimum capital amounts and ratios as of September 30, 2016 are presented in the following table:

| Actual Amount |  | Ratio |  | Minimum for Capital Adequacy Purposes Amount |  | Ratio |  | Minimum to Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions Amount |  | Ratio
Total Capital to risk-weighted assets | $ | 245,245 |  |  | 14.30 | % |  | $ | 137,200 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | $ | 171,500 |  |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 Capital to average assets | 236,458 |  |  | 12.12 | % |  | 78,039 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | 97,549 |  |  | 5.00 | %
Common equity to risk-weighted assets | 236,458 |  |  | 13.79 | % |  | 77,162 |  |  | 4.50 | % |  | 111,456 |  |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 Capital to risk-weighted assets | 236,458 |  |  | 13.79 | % |  | 102,882 |  |  | 6.00 | % |  | 137,177 |  |  | 8.00 | %

WEX Bank's actual and regulatory minimum capital amounts and ratios as of December 31, 2015 are presented in the following table:

| Actual Amount |  | Ratio |  | Minimum for Capital Adequacy Purposes Amount |  | Ratio |  | Minimum to Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions Amount |  | Ratio
Total Capital to risk-weighted assets | $ | 202,294 |  |  | 15.50 | % |  | $ | 104,437 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | $ | 130,547 |  |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 Capital to average assets | 193,337 |  |  | 11.23 | % |  | 68,865 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | 86,082 |  |  | 5.00 | %
Common equity to risk-weighted assets | 193,337 |  |  | 14.81 | % |  | 58,746 |  |  | 4.50 | % |  | 84,855 |  |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 Capital to risk-weighted assets | 193,337 |  |  | 14.81 | % |  | 78,328 |  |  | 6.00 | % |  | 104,437 |  |  | 8.00 | %

18. | Subsequent Events

Interest Rate Swap Agreements
On November 3, 2016, the Company entered into three forward-fixed interest rate swap agreements to manage the interest rate risk associated with our outstanding variable-interest rate borrowings. Commencing on December 30, 2016, the Company will receive variable interest of 1-month LIBOR under these swaps and will pay fixed rates between 0.896% to 1.125% under these swap agreements, reducing a portion of the variability of the future interest payments associated with $800,000 of our borrowings.
The derivative agreements do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment and as such future changes in the fair value of these derivatives will be marked-to-market within our consolidated statements of income.
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WEX INC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
The notional amounts, fixed and variable interest rates and maturities of the swap agreements are as follows:

| Tranche A | Tranche B | Tranche C
Notional amount (USD) | 400,000 | 150,000 | 250,000
Amortization | 5% annually | N/A | N/A
Maturity date | 12/31/2020 | 12/31/2020 | 12/31/2018
Fixed interest rate | 1.108% | 1.125% | 0.896%

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
We intend for this discussion to provide the reader with information that will assist in understanding our financial statements, the changes in key items in those financial statements from year to year, and the primary factors that accounted for those changes, as well as how certain accounting estimates affect our financial statements. The discussion also provides information about the financial results of the three segments of our business to provide a better understanding of how those segments and their results affect our financial condition and results of operations as a whole. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2015, the notes accompanying those financial statements and management’s discussion and analysis as contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 26, 2016 and in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes in Item 1 of Part I of this report.
Overview
WEX is a leading provider of corporate card payment solutions. We have expanded the scope of our business into a multi-channel provider of corporate payment solutions. We currently operate in three business segments: Fleet Solutions, Travel and Corporate Solutions, and Health and Employee Benefit Solutions. Our business model enables us to provide exceptional payment security and control across a spectrum of payment sectors. The Fleet Solutions segment provides customers with fleet vehicle payment processing services specifically designed for the needs of commercial and government fleets. Fleet Solutions revenue is earned primarily from payment processing, account servicing and financing fees. Management estimates that WEX fleet cards are accepted at over 90 percent of fuel locations in each of the United States and Australia. The Travel and Corporate Solutions segment focuses on the complex payment environment of business-to-business payments, providing customers with payment processing solutions for their corporate payment and transaction monitoring needs. The Health and Employee Benefit Solutions segment provides healthcare payment products and SaaS consumer directed platforms, as well as payroll related benefits to customers in Brazil.
The Company’s U.S. operations include WEX, Fleet One, WEX Bank, WEX Health, and EFS. Our international operations include our wholly-owned subsidiaries WEX Fuel Cards Australia, WEX Prepaid Cards Australia, WEX New Zealand, UNIK, a Brazil-based company, and WEX Europe, located in the United Kingdom, and our majority owned subsidiary WEX Europe Services, also located in the United Kingdom.
Summary
Below are selected items from the third quarter of 2016:

• | Average number of vehicles serviced increased 6 percent from the third quarter of 2015 to approximately 10.3 million for the third quarter of 2016, primarily related to the acquisition of EFS.

• | Total fuel transactions processed increased 21 percent from the third quarter of 2015 to 126.9 million for the third quarter of 2016. Total payment processing transactions in our Fleet Solutions segment increased 15 percent to 102.9 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same quarter in 2015. Transaction processing transactions increased 55 percent to 24.0 million for the third quarter of 2016, as compared to the same quarter in 2015. The increase in payment processing transactions resulted from a large customer portfolio converting from an unfunded to a fully funded relationship in the beginning of 2016 and the acquisition of EFS. The primary driver for the increase in transaction processing transactions was due to the acquisition of EFS, partially offset by the portfolio conversion mentioned above.

• | Average expenditure per payment processing transaction in our Fleet Solutions segment decreased 2 percent to $64.05 for the third quarter of 2016, from $65.04 for the same period in the prior year. The average U.S. fuel price per gallon during the third quarter of 2016 was $2.24, a 14 percent decrease as compared to the same period in the prior year. The

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average Australian fuel price per gallon during the third quarter of 2016 was $3.45, a 5 percent decrease as compared to the same period in the prior year.

• | Credit loss expense in the Fleet Solutions segment was $5.7 million during the third quarter of 2016, as compared to $6.2 million during the third quarter of 2015. Spend volume increased 13 percent in the third quarter of 2016, as compared to the same quarter last year and our credit losses were 8.6 basis points of fuel expenditures for the third quarter of 2016, as compared to 10.6 basis points of fuel expenditures for the same period last year.

• | There were no realized gains or losses on fuel price derivatives during the third quarter of 2016 as compared to a realized gain of $11.2 million for the same period in the prior year. After the first quarter of 2016, the Company no longer holds fuel-price sensitive derivative instruments.

• | Travel and Corporate Solutions purchase volume grew by approximately $1.3 billion from the third quarter of 2015 to $7.1 billion for the third quarter of 2016, an increase of 23 percent, driven by organic growth in our travel product and the impact of the EFS acquisition.

• | Our foreign currency exchange exposure is primarily related to the re-measurement of our cash, receivable and payable balances that are denominated in foreign currencies. Movements in the exchange rates associated with our foreign held currencies resulted in a gain of $5.9 million for the third quarter of 2016, compared to a gain of $6.5 million for the third quarter of 2015.

• | Our effective tax rate was 24.0 percent for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to 42.4 percent for the third quarter of 2015. A decrease to valuation allowances previously established on estimated non-deductible expenses and certain state net operating losses in the aggregate amount of $3.2 million was recorded as a reduction to income tax expense during the third quarter of 2016. The acquisition of EFS provided additional sources of taxable income causing a change in judgment about the realizability of related deferred tax assets. Nondeductible expenses and discrete tax items in the third quarter of 2015 contributed to the higher effective tax rate, as compared to the third quarter of 2016. Other factors contributing to the rate fluctuation include changes in the mix of earnings among different tax jurisdictions as well as changes to overall worldwide profitability. Future tax rates may fluctuate due to changes in the mix of earnings among different tax jurisdictions. Our tax rate may also fluctuate due to the impacts that rate and mix changes have on our net deferred tax assets. We anticipate that our future GAAP effective tax rate should be within the range of our historical rates.

Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company reports results for three segments; Fleet Solutions, Travel and Corporate Solutions and Health and Employee Benefit Solutions. Previously, the Travel and Corporate Solutions segment and Health and Employee Benefit Solutions segment were combined in an Other Payment Solutions segment. This increase from two segments to three segments enhanced transparency and aligned with how we are now operating our business.
During the third quarter of 2016, management continued to further refine our segment reporting, reclassifying certain revenues and expenses previously reported in our Health and Employee Benefits segment to our Fleet segment. The prior year amounts have been revised to reflect these adjustments, which were not deemed to be material to prior interim or annual periods, either individually or in the aggregate.
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Results of Operations
Fleet Solutions
The following table reflects comparative operating results and key operating statistics within our Fleet Solutions segment:

(in thousands, except per transaction and per gallon data) | Three months ended September 30, |  | Increase (decrease) |  | Nine months ended September 30, |  | Increase (decrease)
2016 |  | 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment processing revenue | $ | 83,132 |  |  | $ | 80,230 |  |  | $ | 2,902 |  |  | 4 | % |  | $ | 216,133 |  |  | $ | 233,300 |  |  | $ | (17,167 | ) |  | (7 | )%
Account servicing revenue | 37,414 |  |  | 26,024 |  |  | 11,390 |  |  | 44 | % |  | 90,400 |  |  | 75,267 |  |  | 15,133 |  |  | 20 | %
Finance fee revenue | 33,230 |  |  | 21,794 |  |  | 11,436 |  |  | 52 | % |  | 85,841 |  |  | 59,858 |  |  | 25,983 |  |  | 43 | %
Other revenue | 30,982 |  |  | 14,789 |  |  | 16,193 |  |  | 109 | % |  | 57,417 |  |  | 43,345 |  |  | 14,072 |  |  | 32 | %
Total revenues | 184,758 |  |  | 142,837 |  |  | 41,921 |  |  | 29 | % |  | 449,791 |  |  | 411,770 |  |  | 38,021 |  |  | 9 | %
Total operating expenses | 162,442 |  |  | 102,968 |  |  | 59,474 |  |  | 58 | % |  | 385,741 |  |  | 307,347 |  |  | 78,394 |  |  | 26 | %
Operating income | 22,316 |  |  | 39,869 |  |  | (17,553 | ) |  | (44 | )% |  | 64,050 |  |  | 104,423 |  |  | (40,373 | ) |  | (39 | )%
Net foreign currency gain | 2,304 |  |  | 3,892 |  |  | (1,588 | ) |  | (41 | )% |  | 15,251 |  |  | 2,305 |  |  | 12,946 |  |  | 562 | %
Financing interest expense | (25,669 | ) |  | (6,958 | ) |  | (18,711 | ) |  | 269 | % |  | (66,688 | ) |  | (24,788 | ) |  | (41,900 | ) |  | 169 | %
Net realized and unrealized gains on derivative instruments | — |  |  | 7,922 |  |  | (7,922 | ) |  | (100 | )% |  | 711 |  |  | 4,671 |  |  | (3,960 | ) |  | (85 | )%
Non-cash adjustments related to tax receivable agreement | (168 | ) |  | 1,634 |  |  | (1,802 | ) |  | (110 | )% |  | (168 | ) |  | 1,634 |  |  | (1,802 | ) |  | (110 | )%
(Loss) income before income taxes | $ | (1,217 | ) |  | $ | 46,359 |  |  | $ | (47,576 | ) |  | (103 | )% |  | $ | 13,156 |  |  | $ | 88,245 |  |  | $ | (75,089 | ) |  | (85 | )%
Key operating statistics |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment processing revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment processing transactions | 102,947 |  |  | 89,578 |  |  | 13,369 |  |  | 15 | % |  | 286,199 |  |  | 258,212 |  |  | 27,987 |  |  | 11 | %
Average expenditure per payment processing transaction | $ | 64.05 |  |  | $ | 65.04 |  |  | $ | (0.99 | ) |  | (2 | )% |  | $ | 56.48 |  |  | $ | 66.43 |  |  | $ | (9.95 | ) |  | (15 | )%
Average price per gallon of fuel |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Domestic – ($/gal) | $ | 2.24 |  |  | $ | 2.61 |  |  | $ | (0.37 | ) |  | (14 | )% |  | $ | 2.18 |  |  | $ | 2.64 |  |  | $ | (0.46 | ) |  | (17 | )%
Australia – ($/gal) | $ | 3.45 |  |  | $ | 3.63 |  |  | $ | (0.18 | ) |  | (5 | )% |  | $ | 3.28 |  |  | $ | 3.76 |  |  | $ | (0.48 | ) |  | (13 | )%
Account servicing revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Average number of vehicles serviced | 10,337 |  |  | 9,730 |  |  | 607 |  |  | 6 | % |  | 9,832 |  |  | 9,598 |  |  | 234 |  |  | 2 | %

Revenues
Payment processing revenue increased $2.9 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase resulted from a higher payment processing volume related to the acquisition of EFS, organic growth and a large customer portfolio converting from an unfunded to a fully funded relationship in the beginning of 2016, partly offset by the impact of a 14% decrease in the average domestic price per gallon of fuel in the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year.
Payment processing revenue decreased $17.2 million for the first nine months of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to a 17% decrease in the average domestic price per gallon of fuel in the first nine months of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year and, to a lesser extent, the unfavorable impact of FX rates. These unfavorable impacts were partly offset by an increase in payment processing volume related to the EFS acquisition, organic growth and a large customer portfolio converting from an unfunded to a fully funded relationship in the beginning of 2016.
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Account servicing revenue increased by $11.4 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year and $15.1 million for the first nine months of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, resulting from increases in fees to certain customers as part of our price modernization efforts.
Other revenue increased by $16.2 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year and $14.1 million for the first nine months of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, resulting primarily from the acquisition of EFS.
Finance fee revenue is comprised of the following components:

(in thousands) | Three months ended September 30, |  | Increase (decrease) |  | Nine months ended September 30, |  | Increase (decrease)
| 2016 |  | 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent
Late fee revenue | $ | 27,078 |  |  | $ | 17,605 |  |  | $ | 9,473 |  |  | 54 | % |  | $ | 70,569 |  |  | $ | 47,997 |  |  | $ | 22,572 |  |  | 47 | %
Factoring fee revenue | 5,204 |  |  | 3,925 |  |  | $ | 1,279 |  |  | 33 | % |  | 13,920 |  |  | 11,164 |  |  | 2,756 |  |  | 25 | %
Cardholder interest income | 158 |  |  | 167 |  |  | $ | (9 | ) |  | (5 | )% |  | 496 |  |  | 353 |  |  | 143 |  |  | 41 | %
Other finance fee revenue | 790 |  |  | 97 |  |  | $ | 693 |  |  | 714 | % |  | 856 |  |  | 344 |  |  | 512 |  |  | 149 | %
Total finance fee revenue | $ | 33,230 |  |  | $ | 21,794 |  |  | $ | 11,436 |  |  | 52 | % |  | $ | 85,841 |  |  | $ | 59,858 |  |  | $ | 25,983 |  |  | 43 | %

Late fee revenue is primarily fees charged for receivables not paid within the terms of the customer agreement based upon the outstanding customer receivable balance. Late fee revenue is earned when a customer’s receivable balance becomes delinquent and is calculated using the lesser of a minimum charge or a stated late fee rate multiplied by the outstanding balance that is subject to a late fee charge. Changes in the absolute amount of such outstanding balances can be attributed to (i) changes in fuel prices; (ii) customer specific transaction volume; and (iii) customer specific delinquencies. Late fee revenue can also be impacted by (i) changes in late fee rates and (ii) increases or decreases in the customer overdue balances. Late fee rates are determined and set based primarily on the risk associated with our customers, coupled with a strategic view of standard rates within our industry. From time-to-time, we assess the market rates associated within our industry to determine what late fee rates are appropriate. We consider factors such as the Company’s overall financial model and strategic plan, the cost to our business from customers failing to pay timely and the impact such late payments have on our financial results. These assessments are typically conducted at least annually but may occur more often depending on macro-economic factors.
Late fees increased $9.5 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase in late fees was comprised of $10.9 million due to rate increases, partly offset by a decrease of $1.4 million due to the change in overdue balances. During the third quarter of 2016 and 2015, late fee rates ranged from 0 to 6.99 percent monthly with a minimum of $75 and from 0 to 5.50 percent monthly with a minimum of $75, respectively. The weighted average rate was 5.2% and 2.9% for the third quarter of 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Late fees increased $22.6 million for the first nine months of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase in late fees was comprised of $28.4 million due to rate increases, partly offset by a decrease of $5.8 million due to the change in overdue balances. During the first nine months of 2016 and 2015, late fee rates ranged from 0 to 6.99 percent monthly with a minimum of $75 and from 0 to 5.50 percent monthly with a minimum of $75, respectively. The weighted average rate was 4.8% and 2.8% for the first nine months of 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Concessions to certain customers experiencing financial difficulties may be granted and are limited to extending the time to pay, placing a customer on a payment plan or granting waivers of late fees. As of both September 30, 2016 and 2015, customer balances with such concessions totaled $0.5 million.
The primary source of factoring fee revenue is calculated as a negotiated percentage fee of the receivable balance that we purchase. A secondary source of factoring revenue is a flat rate service fee to our customers that request a non-contractual same day funding of the receivable balance. Factoring fee revenue increased $1.3 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year and $2.8 million for the first nine months of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase in factoring fee revenue is due to organic growth and customer demand for our services.
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Operating Expenses
The following table compares selected expense line items within our Fleet Solutions segment for the three months ended:

|  |  |  |  | Increase (decrease)
(in thousands) | September 30, 2016 |  | September 30, 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent
Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salary and other personnel | $ | 54,667 |  |  | $ | 42,000 |  |  | $ | 12,667 |  |  | 30 | %
Restructuring | $ | 2,531 |  |  | $ | (45 | ) |  | $ | 2,576 |  |  | NM |
Service fees | $ | 32,431 |  |  | $ | 15,898 |  |  | $ | 16,533 |  |  | 104 | %
Provision for credit losses | $ | 5,686 |  |  | $ | 6,199 |  |  | $ | (513 | ) |  | (8 | )%
Technology leasing and support | $ | 7,756 |  |  | $ | 6,113 |  |  | $ | 1,643 |  |  | 27 | %
Depreciation and amortization | $ | 35,172 |  |  | $ | 13,266 |  |  | $ | 21,906 |  |  | 165 | %

Changes in operating expenses for the third quarter of 2016, as compared to the same period in the prior year, include the following:
Salary and other personnel expenses increased $12.7 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase is primarily due to the workforce assumed as part of the EFS acquisition and, to a lesser extent, increases in both variable compensation plans and benefit costs. These unfavorable impacts were partly offset by a reduction in salaries and benefits expense as result of our decision to outsource certain back office technology.
Restructuring costs for the third quarter of 2016 increased $2.6 million as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to restructuring initiatives related to our recent EFS acquisition and consists of employee termination benefits, which are expected to be paid through 2017.
Service fees increased by $16.5 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to expenses associated with the acquisition of EFS as well as costs to outsource certain back office technology.
Provision for credit losses decreased by $0.5 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. We generally measure our credit loss performance by calculating credit losses as a percentage of total fuel expenditures on the payment processing transactions. This metric for credit losses was 8.6 basis points of fuel expenditures for the third quarter of 2016, compared to 10.6 basis points of fuel expenditures for the same period last year. We generally use a roll rate methodology to calculate the amount necessary for our ending receivable reserve balance. This methodology considers total receivable balances, recent charge off experience, recoveries on previously charged off accounts, and the dollars that are delinquent to calculate the total reserve. In addition, management undertakes a detailed evaluation of the receivable balances to help further ensure overall reserve adequacy. The expense we recognized in the quarter is the amount necessary to bring the reserve to its required level based on accounts receivable aging and net charge offs.
Technology leasing and support expenses increased $1.6 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase is primarily due to additional software maintenance expense.
Depreciation and amortization increased by $21.9 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to amortization of intangibles acquired in the EFS business combination. Refer to Note 3 included in Item 1 of Part I of this report for more information. Following the acquisition of EFS, the Company evaluated the estimated useful life of our existing over-the-road payment processing technology. As a result of this analysis, we recorded approximately $5.9 million of accelerated amortization related to this technology during the third quarter of 2016 and will amortize approximately $17.4 million of remaining net book value associated with this technology over the following nine months.
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The following table compares selected expense line items within our Fleet Solutions segment for the nine months ended:

|  |  |  |  | Increase (decrease)
(in thousands) | September 30, 2016 |  | September 30, 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent
Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salary and other personnel | $ | 144,295 |  |  | $ | 128,580 |  |  | $ | 15,715 |  |  | 12 | %
Restructuring | $ | 7,626 |  |  | $ | 8,514 |  |  | $ | (888 | ) |  | (10 | )%
Service fees | $ | 73,967 |  |  | $ | 43,854 |  |  | $ | 30,113 |  |  | 69 | %
Provision for credit losses | $ | 15,042 |  |  | $ | 12,978 |  |  | $ | 2,064 |  |  | 16 | %
Technology leasing and support | $ | 20,671 |  |  | $ | 17,786 |  |  | $ | 2,885 |  |  | 16 | %
Depreciation and amortization | $ | 62,927 |  |  | $ | 41,877 |  |  | $ | 21,050 |  |  | 50 | %

Salary and other personnel expenses increased $15.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase is due to the workforce assumed as part of the EFS acquisition, annual changes in salary and increases in variable compensation plans and benefit costs, partly offset by a reduction in salaries and benefits expense as result of our decision to outsource certain back office technology.
In the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, we recorded restructuring costs of approximately $7.6 million and $8.5 million, respectively. The costs related to our restructuring initiatives are primarily employee termination benefits, which are expected to be paid through 2018 and office closure costs.
Service fees increased by $30.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to expenses associated with the acquisition of EFS as well as costs to outsource certain back office technology.
Provision for credit losses increased by $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. We generally measure our credit loss performance by calculating credit losses as a percentage of total fuel expenditures on the payment processing transactions. This metric for credit losses was 9.3 basis points of fuel expenditures for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, compared to 7.6 basis points of fuel expenditures for the same period last year.
Technology leasing and support expenses increased $2.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase is primarily due to additional software maintenance expense.
Depreciation and amortization increased by $21.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to amortization of intangibles acquired in the EFS business combination and approximately $5.9 million of accelerated amortization related to our preexisting over-the-road payment processing technology during the third quarter of 2016.
Fuel price derivatives
Through the end of the first quarter of 2016, we owned fuel price derivative instruments that we had purchased on a periodic basis to manage the impact of the volatility in domestic fuel prices on our cash flows. These fuel price derivative instruments did not qualify for hedge accounting. Accordingly, realized and unrealized gains and losses on our fuel price sensitive derivative instruments affected our net income.
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Changes in fair value and settlements of these instruments and the changes in average fuel prices in relation to the underlying strike price of the instruments are shown in the following table:

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per gallon data) | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Fuel price derivatives, at fair value, beginning of period | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,668 |  |  | $ | 5,007 |  |  | $ | 40,969 |
Net change in fair value | — |  |  | 7,922 |  |  | 711 |  |  | 4,671 |
Cash payments on settlement | — |  |  | (11,173 | ) |  | (5,718 | ) |  | (32,223 | )
Fuel price derivatives, at fair value, end of period | $ | — |  |  | $ | 13,417 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 13,417 |
Collar range: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Floor | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3.35 |  |  | $ | 3.28 |  |  | $ | 3.35 |
Ceiling | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3.41 |  |  | $ | 3.34 |  |  | $ | 3.41 |
Domestic average fuel price, beginning of period | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2.79 |  |  | $ | 2.09 |  |  | $ | 2.56 |
Domestic average fuel price, end of period 1 | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2.36 |  |  | $ | 2.09 |  |  | $ | 2.36 |
1 $2.09 represents the March 31, 2016 domestic average fuel price. The Company has not held fuel price derivative instruments subsequent to that date.

During the fourth quarter of 2014 we suspended purchases under our fuel derivatives program due to unusually low prices in the commodities market, and the Company's last remaining fuel price derivative instruments were settled as of March 31, 2016. Management will continue to monitor the fuel price market and evaluate our alternatives as it relates to this hedging program. As of April 1, 2016, we no longer hold any fuel price derivatives.
Changes in fuel price derivatives for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, as compared to the same period in the prior year, are attributable to the movements in fuel prices in the corresponding periods. Losses that are realized on these derivatives are offset by higher payment processing revenue we receive because such revenues are dependent, in part, on the current price of fuel. Conversely, realized derivative gains are offset by lower payment processing revenue.
Foreign currency transactions
In the first nine months of 2015, we experienced fluctuations in exchange rates that resulted in a significant devaluation of major foreign currencies to which our business is exposed, including the Australian dollar, the Euro and the British Pound Sterling. Our foreign currency exchange exposure is primarily related to the re-measurement of our cash, receivable and payable balances and revenues that are denominated in foreign currencies. Though we do not hedge these non-U.S. revenues, our exposure is partly offset by internationally denominated expenses, which serve as a natural hedge.
We initiated a partial foreign currency exchange hedging program, which was substantially eliminated in September 2015. The results of these hedges are included in Net foreign currency gain (loss) in our condensed consolidated statements of income.
The fluctuations in exchange rates, combined with the results of the foreign currency exchange hedging program, resulted in a gain of $2.3 million for the third quarter of 2016 and a gain of $15.3 million for the first nine months of 2016 compared to a gain of $3.9 million for the third quarter of 2015 and a gain of $2.3 million for the first nine months of 2015. Management will continue to monitor foreign exchanges rates and the impact to the operations of the business.
Financing interest expense
Financing interest expense increased $18.7 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to higher relative borrowings under the 2016 Credit Agreement and expenses incurred as result of our July 1, 2016 payoff of our 2014 Credit Agreement loan syndication, including third-party costs incurred in connection with the modification of certain syndicate loans and a loss on the early extinguishment of certain syndicate loans.
Financing interest expense increased $41.9 million for the first nine months of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase is primarily due to the ticking fees incurred for the commitment of funds to finance the acquisition of EFS, higher relative borrowings under the 2016 Credit Agreement and expenses incurred as result of our payoff of our 2014 Credit Agreement loan syndication, including third-party costs incurred in connection with the modification of certain syndicate loans and a loss on the early extinguishment of certain syndicate loans.
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Travel and Corporate Solutions
The following table reflects comparative operating results and key operating statistics within our Travel and Corporate Solutions segment:

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Increase (decrease) |  | Nine months ended September 30, |  | Increase (decrease)
(in thousands, except payment solutions purchase volume in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment processing revenue | $ | 52,551 |  |  | $ | 44,387 |  |  | $ | 8,164 |  |  | 18 | % |  | $ | 130,372 |  |  | $ | 114,586 |  |  | $ | 15,786 |  |  | 14 | %
Account servicing revenue | 242 |  |  | 449 |  |  | (207 | ) |  | (46 | )% |  | 852 |  |  | 1,329 |  |  | (477 | ) |  | (36 | )%
Finance fee revenue | 115 |  |  | 104 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 11 | % |  | 336 |  |  | 233 |  |  | 103 |  |  | 44 | %
Other revenue | 10,407 |  |  | 11,542 |  |  | (1,135 | ) |  | (10 | )% |  | 30,235 |  |  | 31,621 |  |  | (1,386 | ) |  | (4 | )%
Total revenues | 63,315 |  |  | 56,482 |  |  | 6,833 |  |  | 12 | % |  | 161,795 |  |  | 147,769 |  |  | 14,026 |  |  | 9 | %
Total operating expenses | 33,134 |  |  | 30,459 |  |  | 2,675 |  |  | 9 | % |  | 88,984 |  |  | 80,387 |  |  | 8,597 |  |  | 11 | %
Operating income | 30,181 |  |  | 26,023 |  |  | 4,158 |  |  | 16 | % |  | 72,811 |  |  | 67,382 |  |  | 5,429 |  |  | 8 | %
Net foreign currency gain (loss) | 3,655 |  |  | 3,284 |  |  | 371 |  |  | 11 | % |  | 1,204 |  |  | (1,258 | ) |  | 2,462 |  |  | (196 | )%
Income before income taxes | $ | 33,836 |  |  | $ | 29,307 |  |  | $ | 4,529 |  |  | 15 | % |  | $ | 74,015 |  |  | $ | 66,124 |  |  | $ | 7,891 |  |  | 12 | %
Key operating statistics |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment processing revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment solutions purchase volume | $ | 7,139 |  |  | $ | 5,800 |  |  | $ | 1,339 |  |  | 23 | % |  | $ | 17,613 |  |  | $ | 14,873 |  |  | $ | 2,740 |  |  | 18 | %

Revenues
Payment processing revenue increased $8.2 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to the acquisition of EFS and approximately $2 million of one-time benefit related to a MasterCard contract renewal entered into during the third quarter of 2016. These favorable impacts were partly offset by a 3 basis points decrease in the virtual card net interchange rate and the unfavorable impact of FX rates. The interchange impact resulted from contract renegotiations and increased volumes in 2016 from certain large customers that resulted in higher rebates.
Payment processing revenue increased $15.8 million for the first nine months of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to an increase in corporate charge card purchase volume from our WEX travel product, the acquisition of EFS and approximately $2 million of one-time benefit related to our recent MasterCard contract renewal. These favorable impacts were partly offset by the unfavorable impact of FX rates and a 3 basis points decrease in the virtual card net interchange rate resulting from contact renegotiations and increased volumes in 2016 from certain large customers resulting in higher rebates.
Our new agreement with MasterCard will provide a significant reduction in cross-border fees, which we expect to substantially pass-along to our customers. Cross-border revenues are included in Other revenue in our condensed consolidated statements of income.
Concessions to certain customers experiencing financial difficulties may be granted and are limited to extending the time to pay, placing a customer on a payment plan or granting waivers of late fees. As of September 30, 2016, customer balances with such concessions totaled $17.4 million, resulting in approximately $0.5 million in waived late fees. There were no material concessions granted as of September 30, 2015.
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Operating Expenses
The following table compares selected expense line items within our Travel and Corporate Solutions segment for the three months ended:

|  |  |  |  |  |  | Increase (decrease)
(in thousands) | September 30, 2016 |  | September 30, 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent
Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salary and other personnel | $ | 6,027 |  |  | $ | 5,427 |  |  | $ | 600 |  |  | 11 | %
Service fees | $ | 15,751 |  |  | $ | 17,723 |  |  | $ | (1,972 | ) |  | (11 | )%
Provision for credit losses | $ | 3,552 |  |  | $ | 153 |  |  | $ | 3,399 |  |  | 2,222 | %
Technology leasing and support & occupancy and equipment | $ | 4,197 |  |  | $ | 3,593 |  |  | $ | 604 |  |  | 17 | %

Salary and other personnel expenses increased $0.6 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, due primarily to the workforce assumed as part of the EFS acquisition.
Service fees decreased $2.0 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This decrease was primarily due to lower fees paid as result of our recent MasterCard contract renewal, partly offset by the impact of the EFS acquisition.
Provision for credit losses increased $3.4 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase was due primarily to two losses incurred, including the bankruptcy of one of our online travel agency customers during the quarter.
Technology leasing and support & occupancy and equipment expense collectively increased $0.6 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase is primarily due to costs for external technology providers based on increases in purchase volume and incremental costs assumed as part of the EFS acquisition.
The following table compares selected expense line items within our Travel and Corporate Solutions segment for the nine months ended:

|  |  |  |  |  |  | Increase (decrease)
(in thousands) | September 30, 2016 |  | September 30, 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent
Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salary and other personnel | $ | 16,627 |  |  | $ | 16,209 |  |  | $ | 418 |  |  | 3 | %
Service fees | $ | 48,090 |  |  | $ | 47,001 |  |  | $ | 1,089 |  |  | 2 | %
Provision for credit losses | $ | 4,488 |  |  | $ | 1,062 |  |  | $ | 3,426 |  |  | 323 | %
Technology leasing and support & occupancy and equipment | $ | 11,534 |  |  | $ | 9,951 |  |  | $ | 1,583 |  |  | 16 | %

Salary and other personnel expenses increased $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year due primarily to the workforce assumed as part of the EFS acquisition, partly offset by changes in staffing.
Service fees increased $1.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase is primarily due to higher transaction processing costs related to the increase in purchase volume, including the impact of the EFS acquisition, partially offset by the benefits of our recent MasterCard contract renewal.
Provision for credit losses increased $3.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase was due primarily to two losses incurred, including the bankruptcy of one of our online travel agency customers in July.
Technology leasing and support & occupancy and equipment expense collectively increased $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase is primarily due to costs for external technology providers based on increases in purchase volume.
Foreign c urrency transactions
In the first nine months of 2016, we experienced fluctuations in exchange rates that resulted in a significant devaluation of major currencies to which our business is exposed, including the Australian dollar, the Euro and the British Pound Sterling. Our foreign currency exchange exposure is primarily related to the re-measurement of our cash, receivable and payable balances
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and revenues that are denominated in foreign currencies. Though we do not hedge these non-U.S. revenues, our exposure is partly offset by internationally denominated expenses, which serve as a natural hedge.
We initiated a partial foreign currency exchange hedging program, which was substantially eliminated in September 2015. The results of these hedges are included in Net foreign currency gain (loss) in our condensed consolidated statements of income.
The fluctuations in exchange rates, combined with the results of the foreign currency exchange hedging program, resulted in a gain of $3.7 million for the third quarter of 2016 and a gain of $1.2 million for the first nine months of 2016 compared to a $3.3 million gain for the third quarter of 2015 and a $1.3 million loss for the first nine months of 2015. Management will continue to monitor foreign exchanges rates and the impact to the operations of the business.
Health and Employee Benefit Solutions
The following table reflects comparative operating results and key operating statistics within our Health and Employee Benefit Solutions segment:

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Increase (decrease) |  | Nine months ended September 30, |  | Increase (decrease)
(in thousands, except payment solutions purchase volume in millions) | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment processing revenue | $ | 10,499 |  |  | $ | 8,581 |  |  | $ | 1,918 |  |  | 22 | % |  | $ | 36,814 |  |  | $ | 30,828 |  |  | $ | 5,986 |  |  | 19 | %
Account servicing revenue | 21,159 |  |  | 13,105 |  |  | 8,054 |  |  | 61 | % |  | 59,518 |  |  | 38,404 |  |  | 21,114 |  |  | 55 | %
Finance fee revenue | 2,793 |  |  | 1,604 |  |  | 1,189 |  |  | 74 | % |  | 6,171 |  |  | 4,003 |  |  | 2,168 |  |  | 54 | %
Other revenue | 5,232 |  |  | 3,448 |  |  | 1,784 |  |  | 52 | % |  | 13,532 |  |  | 9,221 |  |  | 4,311 |  |  | 47 | %
Total revenues | 39,683 |  |  | 26,738 |  |  | 12,945 |  |  | 48 | % |  | 116,035 |  |  | 82,456 |  |  | 33,579 |  |  | 41 | %
Total operating expenses | 37,612 |  |  | 24,885 |  |  | 12,727 |  |  | 51 | % |  | 105,565 |  |  | 75,358 |  |  | 30,207 |  |  | 40 | %
Operating income | 2,071 |  |  | 1,853 |  |  | 218 |  |  | 12 | % |  | 10,470 |  |  | 7,098 |  |  | 3,372 |  |  | 48 | %
Net foreign currency (loss) gain | (27 | ) |  | (651 | ) |  | 624 |  |  | NM |  |  | 778 |  |  | (1,059 | ) |  | 1,837 |  |  | NM |
Financing interest expense | (9,395 | ) |  | (4,372 | ) |  | (5,023 | ) |  | 115 | % |  | (20,352 | ) |  | (10,546 | ) |  | (9,806 | ) |  | 93 | %
(Loss) income before income taxes | $ | (7,351 | ) |  | $ | (3,170 | ) |  | $ | (4,181 | ) |  | 132 | % |  | $ | (9,104 | ) |  | $ | (4,507 | ) |  | $ | (4,597 | ) |  | 102 | %
Purchase volume | $ | 876 |  |  | $ | 652 |  |  | $ | 224 |  |  | 34 | % |  | $ | 3,020 |  |  | $ | 2,302 |  |  | $ | 718 |  |  | 31 | %

Revenues
Payment processing revenue increased $1.9 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year and $6.0 million for the first nine months as compared to the same period in the prior year, resulting primarily from an increase in purchase volume and accounts.
Account servicing revenue increased $8.1 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year and $21.1 million for the first nine months of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. WEX Health customer acquisitions and existing customer growth resulted in a higher number of participants using our SaaS healthcare offerings as well as a result of the acquisition of Benaissance in November 2015.
Finance fee revenue increased $1.2 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year and $2.2 million for the first nine months of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, resulting from organic growth in cardholder interest on our employee benefits card generated by extended payment terms as compared to 2015.
Concessions to certain customers experiencing financial difficulties may be granted and are limited to extending the time to pay, placing a customer on a payment plan or granting waivers of late fees. As of September 30, 2016 and 2015, customer balances with such concessions totaled $0.4 million and $0.6 million, respectively.
Other revenue increased $1.8 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year and $4.3 million for the first nine months 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase is due primarily to the acquisition of Benaissance, as well as an increase in onboarding and other ancillary fees.
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Operating Expenses
The following table compares selected expense line items within our Health and Employee Benefit Solutions segment for the three months ended:

|  |  |  |  |  |  | Increase (decrease)
(in thousands) | September 30, 2016 |  | September 30, 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent
Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salary and other personnel | $ | 16,012 |  |  | $ | 9,747 |  |  | $ | 6,265 |  |  | 64 | %
Service fees | $ | 5,233 |  |  | $ | 3,303 |  |  | $ | 1,930 |  |  | 58 | %
Technology leasing and support & occupancy and equipment | $ | 2,974 |  |  | $ | 1,935 |  |  | $ | 1,039 |  |  | 54 | %
Depreciation and amortization | $ | 9,206 |  |  | $ | 6,177 |  |  | $ | 3,029 |  |  | 49 | %
Other | $ | 2,296 |  |  | $ | 1,690 |  |  | $ | 606 |  |  | 36 | %

Salary and other personnel expenses increased $6.3 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase is primarily due to increased employee compensation expenses from the acquisition of Benaissance and higher WEX Health costs resulting from additional headcount and variable compensation plans.
Service fees increased $1.9 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase is primarily related to costs to support WEX Health revenue growth and from the acquisition of Benaissance.
Technology leasing and support & occupancy and equipment expense collectively increased $1.0 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase is primarily due to incremental costs from the acquisition of Benaissance, repairs and maintenance of our facilities and higher software license expense.
Depreciation and amortization expenses increased $3.0 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to an increase in amortization expense on acquired Benaissance intangibles and a decision during the third quarter of 2016 to shorten the useful life of certain trade names. To a lesser extent, higher depreciation expense resulted from the purchase of property and equipment.
Other expense increased $0.6 million for the third quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to higher card production expenses.
The following table compares selected expense line items within our Health and Employee Benefit Solutions segment for the nine months ended:

|  |  |  |  |  |  | Increase (decrease)
(in thousands) | September 30, 2016 |  | September 30, 2015 |  | Amount |  | Percent
Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salary and other personnel | $ | 45,856 |  |  | $ | 29,893 |  |  | $ | 15,963 |  |  | 53 | %
Service fees | $ | 14,041 |  |  | $ | 10,080 |  |  | $ | 3,961 |  |  | 39 | %
Technology leasing and support & occupancy and equipment | $ | 8,155 |  |  | $ | 5,910 |  |  | $ | 2,245 |  |  | 38 | %
Depreciation and amortization | $ | 25,447 |  |  | $ | 18,797 |  |  | $ | 6,650 |  |  | 35 | %
Other | $ | 7,239 |  |  | $ | 5,304 |  |  | $ | 1,935 |  |  | 36 | %

Salary and other personnel expenses increased $16.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase is primarily due to increased employee compensation expenses from the acquisition of Benaissance and higher WEX Health costs resulting from additional headcount and variable compensation plans.
Service fees increased $4.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase is primarily related to costs to support WEX Health revenue growth and from the acquisition of Benaissance.
Technology leasing and support & occupancy and equipment expense collectively increased $2.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase is primarily due to incremental costs from the acquisition of Benaissance, repairs and maintenance of our facilities and higher software license expense.
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Depreciation and amortization expenses increased $6.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase resulted from an increase in amortization expense, primarily on acquired Benaissance intangibles and higher depreciation expense from the purchase of property and equipment.
Foreign currency transactions
In the first nine months of 2015, we experienced fluctuations in exchange rates that resulted in a significant devaluation of major currencies to which our business is exposed, most prominently the Brazilian Real. Our foreign currency exchange exposure is primarily related to the re-measurement of our cash, receivable and payable balances and revenues that are denominated in foreign currencies. Though we do not hedge these non-U.S. revenues, our exposure is partly offset by internationally denominated expenses, which serve as a natural hedge.
We initiated a partial foreign currency exchange hedging program, which was substantially eliminated in September 2015. The results of these hedges are included in Net foreign currency gain (loss) in our condensed consolidated statements of income.
The fluctuations in exchange rates, combined with the results of the foreign currency exchange hedging program, resulted in less than a $0.1 million loss for the third quarter of 2016 and a $0.8 million gain for the first nine months of 2016 compared to a $0.7 million loss for the third quarter of 2015 and a $1.1 million loss for the first nine months of 2015. Management will continue to monitor foreign exchanges rates and the impact to the operations of the business.
Financing interest expense
Financing interest expense increased $5.0 million for the third quarter of 2016 and $9.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same periods in the prior year. This increase is primarily due to expenses incurred as result of our July 2016 payoff of our 2014 Credit Agreement loan syndication and higher relative borrowings to fund the acquisition of Benaissance.
Non-GAAP financials measures
Although adjusted net income is not calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), this non-GAAP measure is integral to the Company's reporting and planning processes and the chief operating decision maker of the Company uses a component, adjusted pretax income before NCI, to allocate resources. The Company's non-GAAP adjusted net income excludes acquisition and divestiture related items, debt restructuring and debt issuance cost amortization, stock-based compensation, restructuring and other costs related to certain outsourcing initiatives, changes in unrealized fuel price derivatives, net foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses, non-cash adjustments related to our tax receivable agreement, reserves for regulatory penalties, similar adjustments attributed to our non-controlling interest and certain tax related items. The Company considers this measure integral because in the periods prior to the second quarter of 2016, it eliminated the non-cash volatility associated with fuel price related derivative instruments, and it continues to exclude other specified items that the Company's management excludes in evaluating the Company's performance. Specifically, in addition to evaluating the Company's performance on a GAAP basis, management evaluates the Company's performance on a basis that excludes the above items because:

• | The Company considers certain acquisition-related costs, including certain financing costs, ticking fees, investment banking fees, warranty and indemnity insurance, acquisition-related expenses and amortization of acquired intangibles, as well as gains and losses from divestitures to be unpredictable, dependent on factors that may be outside of our control and unrelated to the continuing operations of the acquired or divested business or the Company. In prior periods not reflected above, the Company has adjusted for goodwill impairments and acquisition-related asset impairments. In addition, the size and complexity of an acquisition, which often drives the magnitude of acquisition-related costs, may not be indicative of such future costs. The Company believes that excluding acquisition-related costs and gains or losses of divestitures facilitates the comparison of our financial results to the Company's historical operating results and to other companies in our industry.

• | Debt issuance cost amortization is a non-cash item. Additionally, both the debt issuance cost amortization and the costs associated with debt restructuring are unrelated to the continuing operations of the Company. Because these types of costs are dependent upon the financing method which can vary widely company to company, the Company believes that excluding these costs helps to facilitate comparison to historical results as well as to other companies within our industry.

• | Stock-based compensation is different from other forms of compensation, as it is a non-cash expense. For example, a cash salary generally has a fixed and unvarying cash cost. In contrast, the expense associated with an equity-based award is generally unrelated to the amount of cash ultimately received by the employee, and the cost to the Company is based on a stock-based compensation valuation methodology and underlying assumptions that may vary over time.

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• | Restructuring and other costs are related to employee termination benefits from certain identified initiatives to further streamline the business, improve the Company's efficiency, create synergies, globalize the Company's operations, and advance certain outsourcing initiatives, all with an objective to improve scale and increase profitability going forward. We exclude these items when evaluating our continuing business performance as such items are not consistently occurring and do not reflect expected future operating expense, nor provide insight into the fundamentals of current or past operations of our business.

• | Exclusion of the non-cash, mark-to-market adjustments on fuel-price related derivative instruments helps management identify and assess trends in the Company's underlying business that might otherwise be obscured due to quarterly non-cash earnings fluctuations associated with fuel-price-related derivative contracts. The non-cash mark-to-market adjustments on derivative instruments are difficult to forecast accurately, making comparisons across historical and future quarters difficult to evaluate.

• | Net foreign currency gains and losses primarily result from the remeasurement to functional currency of cash, receivable and payable balances, certain intercompany notes denominated in foreign currencies and any gain or loss on foreign currency hedges relating to these items. The exclusion of these items helps management compare changes in operating results between periods that might otherwise be obscured due to currency fluctuations.

• | Regulatory reserves reflect charges related to the estimated impact of a regulatory action which resulted in WEX paying a penalty. We have excluded this item when evaluating our continuing business performance as it is not consistently recurring and does not reflect an expected future operating expense, nor provide insight into the fundamentals of the current or past operations of our business.

• | The adjustments attributable to non-controlling interests, including adjustments to the redemption value of a non-controlling interest, and the non-cash adjustments related to tax receivable agreement have no significant impact on the ongoing operations of the business.

• | The tax related items reflect the difference between the Company’s U.S. GAAP tax provision and a pro forma tax provision based upon the Company’s adjusted net income before taxes as well as the impact from certain discrete tax items. The methodology utilized for calculating the Company’s adjusted net income tax provision is the same methodology utilized in calculating the Company’s U.S. GAAP tax provision.

For the same reasons, WEX believes that adjusted net income may also be useful to investors as one means of evaluating the Company's performance. However, because adjusted net income is a non-GAAP measure, it should not be considered as a substitute for, or superior to, net income, operating income or cash flows from operating activities as determined in accordance with GAAP. In addition, adjusted net income as used by WEX may not be comparable to similarly titled measures employed by other companies.
The following table reconciles net earnings attributable to shareholders to adjusted net income:

| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015 | 2016 |  | 2015
Net earnings attributable to shareholders | $ | 19,696 |  |  | $ | 32,166 |  | $ | 55,350 |  |  | $ | 81,003 |
Acquisition and divestiture related items | 46,955 |  |  | 11,888 |  | 108,805 |  |  | 34,843 |
Debt restructuring and debt issuance cost amortization | 9,106 |  |  | 778 |  | 10,649 |  |  | 2,319 |
Stock-based compensation | 5,199 |  |  | 3,067 |  | 14,312 |  |  | 10,227 |
Restructuring and other costs | 3,767 |  |  | (45 | ) | 11,689 |  |  | 8,514 |
Changes in unrealized fuel price derivatives | — |  |  | 3,251 |  | 5,007 |  |  | 27,552 |
Net foreign currency remeasurement (gains) losses | (5,932 | ) |  | (6,525 | ) | (17,233 | ) |  | 12 |
Non-cash adjustments related to tax receivable agreement | 168 |  |  | (1,634 | ) | 168 |  |  | (1,634 | )
Regulatory reserve | — |  |  | 2,250 |  | — |  |  | 2,250 |
ANI adjustments attributable to non-controlling interest | (339 | ) |  | 9,025 |  | (1,200 | ) |  | 5,407 |
Tax related items | (25,214 | ) |  | (3,827 | ) | (53,505 | ) |  | (24,570 | )
Adjusted net income attributable to shareholders | $ | 53,406 |  |  | $ | 50,394 |  | $ | 134,042 |  |  | $ | 145,923 |

Liquidity, Capital Resources and Cash Flows
We believe that our cash generating capability and financial condition, together with our revolving credit agreement, term loan and notes outstanding, as well as other available methods of financing (including deposits, participation loans, borrowed federal funds and securitization facilities), are adequate to meet our operating, investing and financing needs.
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The table below summarizes our cash activities:

(in thousands) | Nine months ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015
Net cash (used for) provided by operating activities | $ | (80,873 | ) |  | $ | 247,585 |
Net cash used for investing activities | (1,139,562 | ) |  | (29,571 | )
Net cash provided by financing activities | 1,472,062 |  |  | 37,722 |

WEX Bank issued certificates of deposit in various maturities ranging between three months and three years and with fixed interest rates ranging from 0.55 percent to 1.35 percent as of September 30, 2016. As of September 30, 2016, we had approximately $557.4 million of certificates of deposit outstanding, compared to $160.5 million of certificates of deposits outstanding as of September 30, 2015. Certificates of deposit are subject to regulatory capital requirements.
As of September 30, 2016, we had approximately $301.4 million of interest-bearing money market deposits with a weighted average interest rate of 0.52 percent, compared to $344.8 million of interest-bearing money market deposits at September 30, 2015, with a weighted average interest rate of 0.23 percent. WEX Bank also has non-interest bearing NOW account deposits and non-interest bearing customer deposits. As of September 30, 2016, we had $362.9 million of non-interest bearing NOW account deposits and $64.9 million of non-interest bearing customer deposits outstanding. As of September 30, 2015, we had $643.1 million of non-interest bearing NOW account deposits and $39.5 million of non-interest bearing customer deposits outstanding. Deposits are subject to regulatory capital requirements.
As of both September 30, 2016 and 2015, we had no outstanding balance on our federal funds line of credit. As September 30, 2016, we had $225 million of available credit on this line compared to $260 million in 2015.
Cash outflows from capital additions totaled $45.0 million during the first nine months of 2016, primarily related to the development of internal-use software as we expand globally and provide competitive products and services to our customers.
No treasury shares were purchased during the first nine months of 2016. We purchased $22.0 million in treasury shares during the first nine months of 2015.
Liquidity
Our cash balance for the first nine months of 2016 increased $257.2 million, resulting primarily from the closing of our 2016 Credit Agreement, an increase in deposits and accounts payable and net income adjusted for non-cash charges. These cash inflows were partly offset by the acquisition of EFS, repayments of our 2014 Credit Agreement and an increase in accounts receivable.
WEX Bank utilizes brokered deposits, NOW deposits and borrowed federal funds to finance our accounts receivable. We continue to have access to these short-term borrowing instruments; deposits increased by $415.7 million during the first nine months of 2016. Our accounts receivable increased $405.6 million and our accounts payable increased $169.7 million during the first nine months of 2016, primarily due to volume.
We expect that the agreement with our current deposit program partner Higher One will end during the fourth quarter of 2016. As a result, we anticipate a slight increase to our operating interest expense as we replace these deposits.
In general, our trade receivables provide for payment terms of 30 days or less. Receivables not paid within the terms of the customer agreement are generally subject to late fees based upon the outstanding customer receivable balance. Beginning in the first quarter of 2015, the Company began to extend revolving credit to certain customers with respect to small fleet receivables. These accounts are also subject to late fees and balances that are not paid in full are subject to interest charges based on a revolving balance. As of September 30, 2016, the Company has approximately $2.6 million in receivables with revolving credit.
As of September 30, 2016, approximately 93 percent of the outstanding accounts receivable balance of $2.2 billion, was less than 30 days past due and approximately 97 percent of the outstanding balance was less than 60 days past due. As of September 30, 2015, approximately 90 percent of the outstanding accounts receivable balance of $1.9 billion was less than 30 days past due and approximately 98 percent of the outstanding balance was less than 60 days past due.
On July 1, 2016, we entered into the 2016 Credit Agreement in order to permit the additional financing and investments necessary to facilitate the EFS acquisition. The 2016 Credit Agreement provides for a tranche A term loan facility in an amount equal to $455 million that matures on July 1, 2021, a tranche B term loan facility in an amount equal to $1,200 million that matures on July 1, 2023, and a $470 million secured revolving credit facility, with a $250 million sublimit for letters of credit and a $20 million sublimit for swingline loans, that terminates on July 1, 2021. Additional loans of up to the greater of $375 million (plus the amount of certain prepayments) and an unlimited amount subject to satisfaction of a consolidated leverage
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ratio test of 4.00 to 1.00 may be made available under the 2016 Credit Agreement upon request of the Company subject to specified terms and conditions, including receipt of lender commitments.
On July 1, 2016, the Company borrowed the entire principal amount of the tranche A term loan facility, the entire principal amount of the tranche B term loan facility and $220.0 million under the revolving credit facility to pay the cash portion of the purchase price for the EFS acquisition, repay outstanding credit facilities, repay amounts outstanding under the 2014 Credit Agreement (which has been superseded by the 2016 Credit Agreement), and pay related fees, expenses and other transaction costs, as well as for working capital and other general corporate purposes.
As of September 30, 2016, we had approximately 4.75 years left on our $470 million revolving credit facility and had $86.4 million of borrowings against it, net of loan origination fees. The combined outstanding debt under our tranche A term loan facility, which expires in July of 2021, and our tranche B term loan facility, which expires in July of 2023, totaled $1.6 billion at September 30, 2016, net of loan origination fees. As of September 30, 2016, amounts outstanding under the 2016 Credit Agreement bore a weighted average effective interest rate of 3.8%.
On July 1, 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of EFS for approximately $1.2 billion in cash and 4 million shares of its common stock.
In January 2016, we began to incur ticking fees for the debt financing commitment associated with the 2016 Credit Agreement in anticipation of the then pending acquisition of EFS. As of September 30, 2016, we recorded $30 million of ticking fees, which is included in financing interest expense. These ticking fees were calculated based on the financing commitment of an aggregate principal amount of $2.125 billion that remained in place until the closing of the EFS acquisition on July 1, 2016. The total amount of ticking fees paid at the closing of the EFS acquisition was $22.2 million. The excess ticking fees of $7.9 million were netted against the net debt issuance costs related to the 2016 Credit Agreement and will be amortized over the 2016 Credit Agreement's terms using the effective interest method for the tranche A and B term loans and the straight-line method for the revolver.
During the second quarter of 2014, WEX Bank entered into an agreement with a third-party bank to fund customer balances that exceeded WEX Bank's lending limit to an individual customer. This agreement was most recently amended in July 2016 to extend the maturity date while maintaining a funding capacity of $45,000. During the second quarter of 2016, WEX Bank entered into another agreement with a separate third-party bank for a funding capacity of $10,000. This agreement was amended in August 2016 to increase the funding capacity to $50,000. These borrowings carry a variable interest rate of 1 to 3-month LIBOR plus a margin of 225 basis points. The balance of the debt was $95,000 as of September 30, 2016 and $45,000 as of December 31, 2015 and was secured by an interest in the underlying customer receivables. The participation debt balance will fluctuate on a daily basis based on customer funding needs, and will range from $0 to $95,000. The Company's participation debt agreements will mature on December 31, 2020 and August 18, 2017, respectively.
On April 28, 2015, we entered into a one year securitized debt agreement with the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. In April 2016, this agreement was extended for one year. Under the terms of the agreement, each month, on a revolving basis, the Company sells certain Australian receivables to Southern Cross WEX 2015-1 Trust, a bankruptcy-remote subsidiary consolidated by us (the "Australian Securitization Subsidiary"). The Australian Securitization Subsidiary, in turn, uses the receivables as collateral to issue asset-backed commercial paper ("securitized debt") for approximately 85 percent of the securitized receivables. The amount collected on the securitized receivables is restricted to pay the securitized debt and is not available for general corporate purposes.
We pay a variable interest rate on the outstanding balance of the securitization facility based on the Australian Bank Bill Rate plus an applicable margin, which as of September 30, 2016, was 2.70 percent. As of September 30, 2016, we had $76.4 million of securitized debt.
On April 7, 2016, the Company entered into a five year securitized debt agreement with the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company sells certain of its receivables from selected European countries to Gorham Trade Finance B.V., a bankruptcy-remote subsidiary consolidated by the Company (the "European Securitization Subsidiary"). The European Securitization Subsidiary, in turn, uses the receivables as collateral to issue securitized debt. The amount collected on the securitized receivables is restricted to pay the securitized debt and is not available for general corporate purposes. The amounts of receivables to be securitized under this agreement will be determined by management on a monthly basis. The Company had $7.5 million of securitized debt under this facility as of September 30, 2016 at an interest rate of 0.83 percent.
On January 7, 2015, we sold our operations of rapid! PayCard for $20.0 million, which resulted in a pre-tax gain of approximately $1.2 million.
On August 31, 2015, we acquired the remaining 49 percent ownership in UNIK for $46 million.
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As of September 30, 2016, we have approximately $62.7 million in cash located in our foreign entities outside of the United States.
Undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries of the Company amounted to $27.1 million as of September 30, 2016. These earnings are considered to be indefinitely reinvested, and accordingly, no U.S. federal and state income taxes have been provided thereon. If we were to distribute such earnings in the form of dividends or otherwise, the Company would be subject to both U.S. income taxes (subject to an adjustment for foreign tax credits) and withholding taxes payable to the various foreign countries. The Company’s primary tax jurisdictions are the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom.
Earnings outside of the U.S. are accompanied by certain financial risks, such as changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates may reduce the reported value of our foreign currency revenues, net of expenses, and cash flows. We cannot predict changes in currency exchange rates, the impact of exchange rate changes, nor the degree to which we will be able to manage the impact of currency exchange rate changes.
In April 2014, we initiated a partial foreign currency exchange hedging program. During the third quarter of 2015, the Company decided to suspend the foreign currency exchange hedging program for all but a few short-term intercompany transactions. Because this was a partial foreign currency exchange hedging program, the Company had additional foreign currency exchange exposure which was not hedged.
Beginning in September of 2015, the Company initiated a new limited foreign currency exchange hedging program, entering into short-term foreign currency swaps to convert the foreign currency exposures of certain foreign currency denominated intercompany loans and investments to the base currency. We will continue to monitor our foreign currency exposure for discrete items and may, from time to time, hedge certain foreign currency transactions.
In November 2016, the Company entered into three forward-fixed interest rate swap agreements to manage the interest rate risk associated with our outstanding variable-interest rate borrowings. Commencing on December 30, 2016, the Company will receive variable interest of 1-month LIBOR under these swaps and will pay fixed rates between 0.896% to 1.125% under these swap agreements, reducing a portion of the variability of the future interest payments associated with $800,000 of our borrowings.
Management believes that we can adequately fund our cash needs for at least the next 12 months.
Off-balance Sheet Arrangements
As of September 30, 2016, we had posted letters of credit totaling $13.4 million as collateral under the terms of our lease agreement for our corporate offices and other corporate matters.
Contractual Obligations
As of September 30, 2016, we had approximately $96 million outstanding on our secured revolving credit facility and approximately $449 million outstanding on a tranche A term loan facility, each of which matures on July 1, 2021. Additionally, we had approximately $1,197 million outstanding on a tranche B term loan facility as of September 30, 2016, which matures on July 1, 2023. We are required to make annual prepayments of $22.8 million and $12.0 million under the tranche A and tranche B term loan facilities until their respective maturity dates, at which time all outstanding principal will be due in full.
All other contractual obligations are consistent with those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
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Purchase of Treasury Shares
The following table presents stock repurchase program activity for the three months ended September 30, 2016, and September 30, 2015:

| Three months ended September 30,
| 2016 |  | 2015
(in thousands) | Shares |  | Cost |  | Shares |  | Cost
Treasury stock purchased | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 210 |  |  | $ | 22,011 |

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We have no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
See Notes 1 and 2 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
We have no material changes to the disclosure on this matter made in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The principal executive officer and principal financial officer of WEX Inc. evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. “Disclosure controls and procedures” are controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, and is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on their evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer of WEX Inc. concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2016.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2016, our most recently completed fiscal quarter, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
As of the date of this filing, we are not involved in any material legal proceedings. We also were not involved in any material legal proceedings that were terminated during the third quarter of 2016. However, we are subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business, none of which we believe are likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and in Part II, "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in this report, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or future results. In addition to the risks identified in the Form 10-K and Form 10-Q referenced above, the Company has updated the following risk factors to reflect financial and operational information for the third quarter of 2016.
We have substantial indebtedness, which may materially and adversely affect our financial flexibility and our ability to meet our debt service obligations under our 4.750 percent senior notes, due 2023, or the Notes.
Our 2016 Credit Agreement provides for a tranche A term facility in an amount equal to $455 million that matures on July 1, 2021, a tranche B term loan facility in an amount equal to $1,200 million that matures on July 1, 2023 and a $470 million secured revolving credit facility, with a $250 million sublimit for letters of credit and a $20 million sublimit for swingline loans, that terminates on July 1, 2021. In addition to the 2016 Credit Agreement, our indebtedness consists of the Notes, deposits issued by WEX Bank and other liabilities outstanding. Our indebtedness could, among other things:

• | require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow to repaying our indebtedness, thus reducing the amount of funds available for other general corporate purposes;
• | limit our ability to borrow additional funds necessary for working capital, capital expenditures or other general corporate purposes;
• | increase our vulnerability to adverse general economic or industry conditions; and
• | limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to changes in, our business.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to meet our indebtedness obligations, including any of our obligations under the Notes. In addition, we may need to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future to fund our operations or certain strategic objectives. However, we may not be able to obtain the additional financing necessary for these purposes.
In addition, under the 2016 Credit Agreement, unless otherwise agreed by the requisite lenders under the revolving credit facility, we are required to remain in compliance with a consolidated EBITDA to consolidated interest charges ratio, measured quarterly, of no less than 3.25 to 1.00; and a consolidated funded indebtedness (excluding up to $350 million of consolidated funded indebtedness due to permitted securitization transactions and excluding the amount of consolidated funded indebtedness constituting the non-recourse portion of permitted factoring transactions) to consolidated EBITDA ratio, measured quarterly, of no more than 5.40 to 1.00, which ratio shall step down to 5.25 to 1.00 at December 31, 2016, 5.00 to 1.00 at December 31, 2017, 4.25 to 1.00 at December 31, 2018 and 4.00 to 1.00 at December 31, 2019. The 2016 Credit Agreement also contains various affirmative and negative covenants that, subject to certain customary exceptions, restrict our ability to, among other things, create liens over our property, incur additional indebtedness, enter into sale and lease-back transactions, make loans, advances or other investments, make non-ordinary course asset sales, declare or pay dividends or make other distributions with respect to equity interests, change the nature of our business, enter into certain agreements which restrict our ability to pay dividends or other distributions or create liens on our property, transact business with affiliates and/or merge or consolidate with any other person. Our ability to comply with these provisions may be affected by events beyond our control. Failure to comply with the financial covenants or any other non-financial or restrictive covenant in our 2016 Credit Agreement could create a default. Upon a default, our lenders could accelerate the indebtedness under the facilities (except only the requisite lenders under the revolving credit facility may accelerate the revolving credit facility due to a breach of the financial covenants), foreclose against their collateral or seek other remedies, which could trigger a default under the Notes and would jeopardize our ability to continue our current operations.
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Despite our substantial indebtedness, we may still be able to incur more debt, intensifying the risks described above.
Subject to restrictions in our 2016 Credit Agreement, we may incur additional indebtedness, which could increase the risks associated with our already substantial indebtedness. Subject to certain limitations, including compliance with the covenants in our 2016 Credit Agreement, we have the ability to borrow additional funds under our 2016 Credit Agreement.
This indebtedness could have the effect, among other things, of reducing our flexibility to respond to changing business and economic conditions and increasing interest expense.
Moreover, we may be required to raise substantial additional financing to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate requirements. Our ability to arrange additional financing or refinancing will depend on, among other factors, our financial position and performance, as well as prevailing market conditions and other factors beyond our control. There can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain additional financing or refinancing on terms acceptable to us or at all.
Volatility in the financial markets may negatively impact our ability to access credit and the terms at which we would access such credit.
Adverse conditions in the credit market may limit our ability to access credit at a time when we would like or need to do so. Our senior secured revolving credit facility under the 2016 Credit Agreement expires in July 2021 when the outstanding balance of the revolving credit facility and the tranche A term loan will be due, and in 2023 the tranche B term loan and the Notes will be due. Any limitation on the availability of funds or credit facilities could have an impact on our ability to refinance the maturing debt or react to changing economic and business conditions which could adversely impact us.
To service our indebtedness, we will require a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond our control.
Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness, and to fund capital expenditures, acquisitions and research and development efforts will depend on our ability to generate cash. This, to a certain extent, is subject to economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control.
We have substantially increased indebtedness following completion of the acquisition of EFS, which has increased our interest expense. We also incurred various costs and expenses associated with the financing. The amount of cash required to pay interest on our increased indebtedness levels following completion of the acquisition and thus the demands on our cash resources are greater than the amount of cash flows required to service our indebtedness prior to the EFS transaction. Certain obligations under the 2016 Credit Agreement bear interest at variable interest rates. If interest rates increase, variable rate debt will create even higher debt service requirements, which could adversely affect our cash flows.
We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flows from operations, that anticipated cost savings and operating improvements will be realized on schedule or at all, that future borrowings will be available to us under our 2016 Credit Agreement or any subsequent credit agreement, or that we can obtain alternative financing proceeds in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness, including the Notes, or to fund our other liquidity needs. We may need to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness, including the Notes, at or before maturity. We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all.
The increased debt service obligations under our 2016 Credit Agreement could also reduce funds available for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes and may create competitive disadvantages relative to other companies with lower debt levels. The 2016 Credit Agreement was used in part to finance the acquisition of EFS. If we do not achieve the expected benefits and cost savings from the acquisition, or if the financial performance of the combined company does not meet current expectations, then our ability to service our indebtedness may be adversely impacted.
In an environment of increasing interest rates, interest expense on the variable rate portion of our borrowings would increase and we may not be able to replace our maturing debt with new debt that carries the same interest rates. We may be adversely affected by significant changes in the brokered deposit market.
Under our 2016 Credit Agreement and Notes, we had $2,142.4 million of fixed and variable interest rate indebtedness outstanding at September 30, 2016, consisting of 400.0 million of borrowings under our bond facility at a fixed rate of 4.750 percent and $1,742.4 million of borrowings under our 2016 Credit Agreement that bore interest at floating rates. An increase in interest rates would increase the cost of borrowing under our credit facility.
Our industrial bank subsidiary, WEX Bank, uses collectively brokered deposits, including certificates of deposit, interest-bearing money-market deposits and negotiable order of withdrawal (NOW) account deposits, to finance payments to major oil companies. Certificates of deposit carry fixed interest rates from issuance to maturity, which vary, and are relatively short term in duration. The interest-bearing money market deposits carry variable rates. Upon maturity, the deposits will likely be replaced by issuing new deposits to the extent that they are needed. In a rising interest rate environment, WEX Bank would not be able
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to replace maturing deposits with deposits that carry the same or lower interest rates. Therefore, rising interest rates would result in reduced net income to the extent that certificates of deposit and money market deposits mature and are replaced. At September 30, 2016, WEX Bank had outstanding $356.8 million in certificates of deposit maturing within one year, $200.6 million in certificates of deposit maturing within one to three years, and $301.4 million in interest-bearing money market deposits. Also at September 30, 2016, WEX Bank had $362.9 million of NOW account deposits outstanding, which are currently non-interest bearing.
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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
We did not purchase shares of our common stock during the third quarter of 2016. The approximate dollar value of shares that were available to be purchased under the current repurchase program was $108.2 million as of September 30, 2016.
Under the purchase agreement for the acquisition of Electronic Funds Source LLC, we were prohibited from repurchasing shares of our common stock prior to the consummation of the acquisition without the consent of the sellers.
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Item 6. Exhibits.
The exhibit index attached to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is hereby incorporated by reference.
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

| WEX INC.
November 8, 2016 | By: |  | /s/ Roberto Simon
|  |  | Roberto Simon
|  | Chief Financial Officer
|  | (principal financial officer and principal accounting officer)

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EXHIBIT INDEX

| Exhibit No. |  | Description
| 3.1 |  | Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 1, 2005, File No. 001-32426)
| 3.2 |  | Certificate of Ownership and Merger merging WEX Transitory Corporation with and into Wright Express Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 30, 2012, File No. 001-32426)
| 3.3 |  | Amended and Restated By-Laws of WEX Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 30, 2012, File No. 001-32426)
| 4.1 |  | Indenture, dated as of January 30, 2013, among WEX Inc., the Guarantors named therein, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 1, 2013, File No. 001-32426)
| 4.2 |  | Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 1, 2016 to the Indenture, dated as of January 30, 2013 among WEX Inc., the additional subsidiary guarantors thereto and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 1, 2016, File No. 001-32426)
| 4.3 |  | U.S. Security Agreement, made by WEX Inc., and the certain of its subsidiaries, as pledgors, assignors and debtors dated as of July 1, 2016, in favor of Bank of America, as collateral agent for the Lenders (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 1, 2016, File No. 001-32426)
| 10.1 |  | Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of July 1, 2016, by and among WEX Inc., Mustang HoldCo 1 LLC, Warburg Pincus Private Equity (E&P) XI‑ B, L.P., Warburg Pincus Private Equity XI – C, L.P., WP XI Partners, L.P., Warburg Pincus Private Equity XI – B, L.P., WP Mustang Co-Invest – B L.P., WP Mustang Co-Invest – C L.P., Warburg Pincus XI (E&P) Partners – B, L.P., Warburg Pincus (E&P) XI, L.P., WP (Lexington) Holdings II, L.P., Warburg Pincus Private Equity (Lexington) XI – A, L.P., Warburg Pincus XI (Lexington) Partners – A , L.P., WP Mustang Co-Invest LLC and the other investors party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 1, 2016, File No. 001-32426)
| 10.2 |  | Credit Agreement among WEX Inc., certain of its subsidiaries as borrowers, WEX Card Holding Australia Pty Ltd., as designated borrower, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer, and the other lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 1, 2016, File No. 001-32426)
* | 31.1 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer of WEX INC. pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
* | 31.2 |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of WEX INC. pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
* | 32.1 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer of WEX INC. pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code
* | 32.2 |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of WEX INC. pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code
* | 101.INS |  | XBRL Instance Document
* | 101.SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
* | 101.CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
* | 101.LAB |  | XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
* | 101.PRE |  | XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document
* | 101.DEF |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

* | These exhibits have been filed with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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