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Fair Value
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value
12.Fair Value
Certain of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value. The Company determines fair value based upon quoted prices when available or through the use of alternative approaches, such as model pricing, when market quotes are not readily accessible or available. Various factors are considered in determining the fair value of the Company’s obligations, including: closing exchange or over-the-counter market price quotations; time value and volatility factors underlying options and derivatives; price activity for equivalent instruments; and the Company’s own credit standing. These valuation techniques may be based upon observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. These two types of inputs create the following fair value hierarchy:
•Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
•Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.
•Level 3 – Instruments whose significant value drivers are unobservable.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following table presents the Company’s financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
 (In thousands)
Fair Value HierarchySeptember 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Financial Assets:
Money market mutual funds1
1$— $335,449 
Investment securities
Municipal bonds2$109 $197 
Asset-backed securities2177 210 
Mortgage-backed securities2129 138 
Pooled investment fund measured at NAV2
9,000 9,000 
Fixed-income mutual fund127,440 27,728 
Total investment securities $36,855 $37,273 
Executive deferred compensation plan trust3
1$10,851 $9,586 
Interest rate swaps4
2$7,449 $— 
Liabilities
Interest rate swaps4
2$32,379 $44,938 
Contingent consideration5
3$72,100 $— 
1 The fair value is recorded in cash and cash equivalents.
2 The fair value of this security is measured at NAV as a practical expedient and has not been classified within the fair value hierarchy. The amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
3 The fair value is recorded as current or long-term based on the timing of the Company’s executive deferred compensation plan payment obligations. At September 30, 2021, $1.5 million and $9.3 million in fair value is recorded within prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets, respectively. At December 31, 2020, $0.9 million and $8.7 million in fair value is recorded within prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets, respectively.
4 The fair value is recorded as current or long-term depending on the timing of expected discounted cash flows. At September 30, 2021, $7.4 million of fair value was recorded in other assets. At September 30, 2021, $24.3 million and $8.1 million in fair value is recorded within other current liabilities and other liabilities, respectively. At December 31, 2020, $22.0 million and $22.9 million in fair value is recorded within other current liabilities and other liabilities, respectively.
5 The fair value is recorded in other liabilities.
Money Market Mutual Funds
From time to time, a portion of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents are invested in money market mutual funds that primarily consist of short-term government securities, which are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices in an active market.
Investment Securities
When available, the Company uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of investment securities; such inputs are classified as Level 1 of the fair-value hierarchy. These securities primarily consist of an open-ended mutual fund, which is invested in fixed-income securities and is held in order to satisfy the regulatory requirements of WEX Bank. For mortgage-backed and asset-backed debt securities and municipal bonds, the Company generally uses quoted prices for recent trading activity of assets with similar characteristics to the debt security or bond being valued. The securities and bonds priced using such methods are generally valued using Level 2 inputs.
Pooled Investment Fund
(In thousands)Fair ValueUnfunded CommitmentsRedemption FrequencyRedemption Notice Period
Pooled investment fund, as of September 30, 2021
$9,000 — Monthly30 days
The pooled investment fund is a Community Reinvestment Act-eligible investment fund, which seeks to provide bank investors with current income consistent with the returns available in adjustable-rate government guaranteed financial products by investing in Community Development loans guaranteed by the Small Business Administration. The fund maintains individual capital accounts for each investor, which reflect each individual investor’s share of the NAV of the fund.
Executive Deferred Compensation Plan Trust
The investments held in the executive deferred compensation plan trust, which consist primarily of mutual funds, are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy because the fair value is determined using quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Interest Rate Swaps
The Company determines the fair value of its interest rate swaps based on the discounted cash flows of the difference between the projected fixed payments on the swaps and the implied floating payments using the current LIBOR curve, which are Level 2 inputs of the fair value hierarchy.
Contingent Consideration

As part of the asset acquisition from Bell Bank discussed in Note 4, Acquisitions, the Company is obligated to pay additional consideration contingent upon increases in the Federal Funds rate. The Company determined the fair value of this contingent consideration derivative liability based on discounted cash flows using the difference between the baseline Federal Funds rate in the purchase agreement with Bell Bank and future forecasted Federal Funds rates over the agreement term. The forecasted Federal Funds rates represent a Level 3 input within the fair value hierarchy. The resulting probability-weighted contingent consideration amounts were discounted using a weighted average discount rate, which was 1.32 percent as of September 30, 2021. Significant increases or decreases in the Federal Funds rates could result in material increases or decreases, respectively, to the fair value of the Company’s contingent consideration derivative liability.

The Company records changes in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Changes in the contingent consideration liability are measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs (Level 3) and during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 are as follows:

(In thousands)Fair Value
Contingent consideration – December 31, 2020$— 
Contingent consideration recorded as a result of the acquisition (Note 4)27,200 
Change in estimated fair value44,900 
Contingent consideration – September 30, 2021$72,100 

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Carrying Value, for which Fair Value is Disclosed
Term Loans and borrowings on Revolving Credit Facility
The Company determines the fair value of borrowings on the Revolving Credit Facility and Tranche A Term Loans and Tranche B Term Loans based on market rates for the issuance of the Company’s debt, which are Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the carrying value of outstanding borrowings on the Tranche A Term Loans and Tranche B Term Loans approximated fair value. As of September 30, 2021, the principal amount of the outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Credit Facility approximated fair value.
Convertible Notes
The Company determines the fair value of the Convertible Notes outstanding using our stock price and volatility, the conversion premium on the Convertible Notes and effective interest rates for similarly-rated credit issuances, all of which are Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the fair value of our Convertible Notes approximated $367.1 million and $405.6 million, respectively.
Other Assets and Liabilities
The carrying value of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, other than those presented above, including cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term certificates of deposit, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities, approximate their respective fair values due to their short-term nature or maturities. The carrying value of certain other financial instruments, including interest-bearing money market deposits, certificates of deposit with maturity dates in excess of one year, securitized debt, participation debt and borrowed federal funds approximate their respective fair values due to their interest rates being consistent with current market interest rates.