Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of JFrog Ltd. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods and accompanying notes. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, the allocation of transaction price among various performance obligations, the estimated benefit period of deferred contract acquisition costs, the allowance for credit losses, the fair value of acquired intangible assets and goodwill, the useful lives of acquired intangible assets and property and equipment, the incremental borrowing rate for operating leases, and the valuation of deferred tax assets and uncertain tax positions. The Company bases these estimates on historical and anticipated results, trends and various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, including assumptions as to future events. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Foreign Currency

The functional currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, foreign currency assets and liabilities are remeasured into U.S. dollars at the end-of-period exchange rates except for non-monetary assets and liabilities, which are measured at historical exchange rates. Revenue and expenses are remeasured each day at the exchange rate in effect on the day the transaction occurred. Gains or losses from foreign currency re-measurement and settlements are included in interest and other income, net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Concentration of Risks

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, accounts receivable, and derivative instruments. The Company maintains its cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and short-term investments with high-quality financial institutions mainly in the U.S. and Israel, and regularly monitors their composition and maturities. The Company’s derivatives expose it to credit risk to the extent that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreement. The Company seeks to mitigate such risk by limiting its counterparties to major financial institutions and by spreading the risk across a number of major financial institutions. In addition, the potential risk of loss with any one counterparty resulting from this type of credit risk is monitored on an ongoing basis. The Company maintains allowances for potential credit losses on customers’ accounts when deemed necessary.

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, no single customer represented 10% or more of accounts receivable. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenue for the periods presented.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash in banks and highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase. The Company maintains certain cash amounts restricted as to its withdrawal or use. Restricted cash presents cash and cash equivalents held as collateral for the Company’s credit cards and lease agreements.

Short-Term Investments

Short-term investments consist of bank deposits and marketable securities. Bank deposits are time deposits with an original maturity of more than three months but less than one year from the date of investment. Bank deposits are presented at cost with accrued interest.

Marketable securities consist of fixed-income debt securities with maturity of greater than three months at the date of purchase. The Company classifies its marketable securities as available-for-sale at the time of purchase and reevaluates such classification at each balance sheet date. The Company may sell these securities at any time for use in current operations even if they have not yet reached maturity. As a result, the Company classifies its marketable securities, including those with maturities beyond 12 months, as current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company carries these securities at fair value and records unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) as a component of shareholders’ equity (deficit), except for changes in allowance for expected credit losses, which is recorded in interest and other income, net. Gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method and recognized when realized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company periodically evaluates its available-for-sale debt securities for impairment. If the amortized cost of an individual security exceeds its fair value, the Company considers its intent to sell the security or whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized basis. If either of these criteria are met, the Company writes down the security to its fair value and records the impairment charge in interest and other income, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. If neither of these criteria are met, the Company determines whether credit loss exists. Credit loss is estimated by considering changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, any adverse conditions specifically related to the security, as well as other factors.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company measures financial assets and liabilities at fair value at each reporting period using a fair value hierarchy which requires the Company to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s classification within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Three levels of inputs may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Financial instruments consist of cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, accounts receivables, derivative financial instruments, accounts payables, and accrued liabilities. Cash equivalents, marketable securities, derivative financial instruments, and restricted cash are stated at fair value on a recurring basis. Bank deposits, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities are stated at their carrying value, which approximates fair value due to the short time to the expected receipt or payment date.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable consists of invoiced amounts and unbilled receivables, net of allowance for credit losses. Unbilled receivables represent revenue recognized for which the Company expects to invoice subsequent to the period end. The allowance for credit losses is based on the Company’s assessment of the collectability of accounts. The Company regularly assessed collectability based on a combination of factors, including an assessment of the current customer’s aging balance, the nature and size of the customer, the financial condition of the customer, and the amount of any receivables in dispute. Accounts receivable deemed uncollectible are charged against the allowance for credit losses when identified. The allowance of credit losses was not material for the periods presented.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company enters into foreign currency forward and option contracts with financial institutions to protect against foreign exchange risks, mainly the exposure to changes in the exchange rate of the New Israeli Shekel (“NIS”) against the U.S. dollar that are associated with forecasted future cash flows and certain existing assets and liabilities for up to twelve months. The Company’s primary objective in entering into these contracts is to reduce the volatility of earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company does not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

The Company recognizes its derivative instruments as either prepaid expenses and other current assets or accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and carries them at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. Derivative instruments that hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows are designated as cash flow hedges. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recorded in AOCI in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, until the forecasted transaction occurs. Upon occurrence, the Company reclassifies the related gains or losses on the derivative to the same financial statement line item in the Consolidated Statements of Operations to which the derivative relates. In case the Company discontinues cash flow hedges, it records the related amount in interest and other income, net, on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Derivative instruments that hedge monetary assets and liabilities denominated in certain foreign currencies are not designated as hedges for financial reporting purposes. The Company records changes in the fair value of these derivatives in interest and other income, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The cash flows from the derivative instruments are recorded in operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Cost to Obtain a Contract

The Company capitalizes incremental costs of acquiring customer contracts, which include sales commissions and associated payroll taxes paid to its sales personnel and commissions paid to channel partners and marketplace vendors. These costs are recorded as deferred contract acquisition costs on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company determines whether costs should be deferred based on its sales compensation plans, marketplace arrangements, and channel partner programs and if the commissions are incremental and would not have occurred absent the customer contract.

Sales commissions for the renewal of a contract are not considered commensurate with the sales commissions paid for the acquisition of the initial contract given a substantive difference in commission rates in proportion to their respective contract values. Sales commissions paid upon the initial acquisition of a customer contract are amortized over an estimated period of benefit of four years, which is determined primarily based on the expected customer life and technology life. Sales commissions for renewals are amortized over the contractual term of the renewals. Amortization of sales commissions are consistent with the pattern of revenue recognition of each performance obligation and are included primarily in sales and marketing expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company expenses costs to obtain a contract with a customer as incurred when the amortization period would have been one year or less.

The Company periodically reviews these deferred contract acquisition costs to determine whether events or changes in circumstances have occurred that could impact the period of benefit. There were no impairment losses recorded during the periods presented.

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.

The estimated useful lives of the Company’s property and equipment are as follows:


Computer and software		3 years
Furniture and office equipment		3 - 7 years
Leasehold improvements		Shorter of remaining lease term or estimated useful life

Capitalized Software Costs

Software development costs for software to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed are expensed as incurred until the establishment of technological feasibility, at which time those costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers and amortized over the estimated life of the product. Technological feasibility is established when all planning, designing, coding and testing necessary to meet the product’s design specifications have been completed. Maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. The amount of qualifying costs for capitalization incurred was immaterial for the periods presented because the general release process for most of the Company’s products is essentially completed concurrently with the establishment of technological feasibility.

Costs related to software acquired, developed, or modified solely to meet the Company’s internal requirements, with no substantive plans to market such software at the time of development are capitalized. Costs incurred during the preliminary planning and evaluation stage of the project and during the post implementation operational stage are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the application development stage of the project are capitalized. Maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. The amount of qualifying costs for capitalization incurred was immaterial for the periods presented.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The Company currently does not have any finance leases.

Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at the lease commencement date. The Company combines its lease payments and fixed payments for non-lease components and account for them together as a single lease component. Operating lease ROU assets also include any prepaid lease payments. Certain lease agreements include rental payments adjusted periodically for the consumer price index (“CPI”). The ROU and lease liability were calculated using the initial CPI and will not be subsequently adjusted. Payments for variable lease costs are expensed as incurred and not included in the operating lease ROU assets and liabilities. For short-term leases with a term of 12 months or less, operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are not recognized and the Company records lease payments in the Consolidated Statements of Operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The interest rate used to determine the present value of the future lease payments is the Company’s incremental borrowing rate, because the interest rate implicit in the Company’s leases is not readily determinable. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments, and in economic environments where the leased asset is located. Many of the Company’s lease agreements provide one or more options to renew. When determining lease terms, the Company uses the non-cancellable period of the leases and do not assume renewals unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Business and Asset Acquisitions

When the Company acquires a business, the purchase price is allocated to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets, net of liabilities assumed. Any residual purchase price is recorded as goodwill. The allocation of the purchase price requires management to make significant estimates in determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, especially with respect to intangible assets. These estimates can include, but are not limited to, the cash flows that an asset is expected to generate in the future, the appropriate weighted-average cost of capital and the cost savings expected to be derived from acquiring an asset. These estimates are inherently uncertain and unpredictable. During the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, adjustments to the fair value of these tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed

may be recorded, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company accounts for a transaction as an asset acquisition when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets, or otherwise does not meet the definition of a business. Asset acquisition-related costs are capitalized as part of the asset or assets acquired.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill is not amortized but rather tested for impairment at least annually in the fourth quarter, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill may be impaired. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination and is allocated to reporting units expected to benefit from the business combination. The Company has determined that it has one operating segment and one reporting unit. Goodwill impairment is recognized when the quantitative assessment results in the carrying value exceeding the fair value, in which case an impairment charge is recorded to the extent the carrying value exceeds the fair value. There were no impairment charges to goodwill during the periods presented.

Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the respective asset. Each period the Company evaluates the estimated remaining useful lives of its intangible assets and whether events or changes in circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining period of amortization.

The estimated useful lives of the Company’s intangible assets are as follows:


Developed technology		3 - 6 years
Customer relationships		1 - 6 years

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates the recoverability of long-lived assets, including property and equipment, operating lease ROU assets, and intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be fully recoverable. Such events and changes may include significant changes in performance relative to expected operating results, significant changes in asset use, significant negative industry or economic trends, and changes in the Company’s business strategy. Recoverability of these assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If such review indicates that the carrying amount of long-lived assets is not recoverable, the carrying amount of such assets is reduced to fair value. There were no impairment charges to long-lived assets during the periods presented.

Deferred Revenue

Revenue is deferred when the Company invoices in advance of performance under a contract. The current portion of the deferred revenue balance is recognized as revenue during the 12-month period after the balance sheet date. The noncurrent portion of the deferred revenue balance is recognized as revenue following the 12-month period after the balance sheet date.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenues are comprised of revenue from self-managed subscriptions and SaaS subscriptions. Subscriptions to the Company’s self-managed software include license, support, and upgrades and updates on a when-and-if-available basis. The Company’s SaaS subscriptions provide access to the Company’s latest managed version of its product hosted in a public cloud. Self-managed subscriptions and SaaS subscriptions are both offered on an annual and multi-year basis, with the exception of certain SaaS subscriptions, which are also offered on a monthly basis. The Company’s annual and multi-year self-managed subscriptions are typically invoiced and collected at the beginning of the contract term or in annual installments. The SaaS subscriptions contain minimum usage commitments and rates for any usage in excess of these commitments. The minimum usage commitments of those SaaS subscriptions are typically billed upfront and any excess usage for each commitment period are typically billed in arrears.

Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services are delivered. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for these goods or services. To achieve the core principle of this standard, the Company applied the following five steps:

1. Identification of the contract, or contracts, with the customer

The Company determines that it has a contract with a customer when each party’s rights regarding the products or services to be transferred can be identified, the payment terms for the services can be identified, the Company has determined the customer has the ability and intent to pay, and the contract has commercial substance. At contract inception, the Company evaluates whether two or more contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract and whether the combined or single contract includes more than one performance obligation.

2. Identification of the performance obligations in the contract

Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the products and services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the products or services either on their own or together with other resources that are readily available from third parties or from the Company, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the products and services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.

For self-managed subscriptions, the Company’s performance obligations include license for proprietary features of software, support, and upgrades and updates to the software on a when-and-if-available basis. The license provides standalone functionality to the customer and is therefore deemed a distinct performance obligation. Performance obligations related to support as well as upgrades and updates to the software on a when-and-if-available basis generally have a consistent continuous pattern of transfer to a customer during the contract period.

For SaaS subscriptions, the Company provides access to its cloud-hosted software, without providing the customer with the right to take possession of its software, which the Company considers to be a single performance obligation.

3. Determination of the transaction price

The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring products or delivery of services to the customer. For SaaS subscriptions, usage-based fees in excess of the minimum usage commitment constitute variable consideration and are included in the transaction price. Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although terms generally include a requirement to pay within 30 days. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Company has determined its contracts generally do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of the Company’s invoicing terms is to provide customers with simplified and predictable ways of purchasing its products and services, not to receive financing from its customers or to provide customers with financing. The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient such that it does not evaluate payment terms of one year or less for the existence of a significant financing component. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers which are subsequently remitted to governmental entities (for example, sales tax and other indirect taxes). The Company does not offer right of refund in its contracts.

4. Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. For contracts that contain multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price for each contract to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling price (“SSP”) for each performance obligation. The Company uses judgment in determining the SSP for its products and services. The Company typically assesses the SSP for its products and services on a periodic basis or when facts and circumstances change. To determine SSP, the Company maximizes the use of observable standalone sales and observable data, where available. In instances where performance obligations do not have observable standalone sales, the Company utilizes available information that may include market conditions, pricing strategies, the economic life of the software, and other observable inputs or uses the expected cost-plus margin approach to estimate the price the Company would charge if the products and services were sold separately. For SaaS subscriptions, the Company allocates the variable consideration to the respective commitment period since commitments are consistent throughout the contract term.

5. Recognition of the revenue when, or as, a performance obligation is satisfied

Revenue is recognized at the time the related performance obligation is satisfied by transferring the promised product or delivery of service to the customer. Revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services. For self-managed subscriptions, the revenue related to the license for proprietary features is recognized upfront, when the license is delivered. This revenue is presented in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as license–self-managed. The revenue related to support, and upgrades and updates, are recognized ratably over the contract period as the services have a consistent continuous pattern of transfer to a customer during the contract period and is included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as subscription–self-managed and SaaS. For SaaS subscriptions, revenue is recognized ratably over the commitment period as the services have a consistent continuous pattern of transfer to a customer during the commitment period and is included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as subscription–self-managed and SaaS.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue primarily consists of expenses related to providing support to the Company’s customers, cloud-related costs, such as hosting and managing costs, the amortization of acquired intangible assets, and allocated overhead. Overhead is allocated to cost of revenue based on applicable headcount.

Research and Development

Research and development costs include personnel-related expenses associated with the Company’s engineering personnel responsible for the design, development and testing of its products, cost of development environments and tools, and allocated overhead. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and include direct marketing, events, public relations, sales collateral materials and partner programs. Advertising costs amounted to $9.9 million, $10.5 million, and $10.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively, and are included in sales and marketing expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Share-Based Compensation

Share-based compensation related to share options and share purchase rights granted under the Company’s employee share purchase plan is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of awards, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the input of subjective assumptions, including the fair value of the underlying ordinary shares, the expected term of the award, the expected volatility of the price of the Company’s ordinary shares, risk-free interest rates, and the expected dividend yield of ordinary shares. The Company measures the grant date fair value of its restricted share units (“RSU”) based on the closing market price of the ordinary share on the date of grant. For share-based awards with only service-based vesting conditions, the compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. For performance-based RSUs with market conditions, the Company uses Monte Carlo simulation model to determine the fair value and recognizes expense using the accelerated attribution method over the requisite service period. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur instead of estimating the number of awards expected to be forfeited.

Interest and Other Income, Net

Interest and other income, net primarily consists of income earned on cash equivalents and short-term investments and foreign exchange gains and losses. Interest income was $26.5 million, $25.9 million, and $22.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. Foreign exchange gains (losses) were not material for all periods presented.

Income Taxes

The Company is subject to income taxes in Israel, the U.S., and other foreign jurisdictions. These foreign jurisdictions may have different statutory rates than in Israel. Income taxes are accounted in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and operating loss and tax credit

carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The financial effect of changes in tax laws or rates is accounted for in the period of enactment. Valuation allowances are provided when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

The Company recognizes income tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it believes that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such uncertain tax positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that is more likely than not to be realized upon the ultimate settlement. Although the Company believes that it has adequately reserved for its uncertain tax positions (including net interest and penalties), it can provide no assurance that the final tax outcome of these matters will not be materially different. The Company makes adjustments to these reserves when facts and circumstances change, such as the closing of a tax audit or the refinement of an estimate. To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts recorded, such differences will affect the income tax expense in the period in which such determination is made.

Net Loss Per Share

The Company calculates basic net loss per share by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive ordinary share equivalents outstanding for the period, including share options and restricted share units.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncement

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disaggregated information about the effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The Company adopted this guidance for the year ended December 31, 2025 on a retrospective basis. See Note 14, Income Taxes, for further information.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosure (Subtopic 220-40), Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires disclosure of disaggregated information about certain expense captions presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as well as disclosure about selling expense. The guidance will be effective for the Company for annual periods beginning January 1, 2027 and interim periods beginning January 1, 2028, with early adoption permitted. It could be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its financial statement disclosures.

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, which provides a practical expedient when estimating expected credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets arising from transactions accounted for under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The practical expedient assumes that current conditions as of the balance sheet date do not change for the remaining life of the assets. The guidance is effective for the Company for the first quarter beginning January 1, 2026, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangible - Goodwill and Other Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software, which modernizes the accounting guidance for costs to develop software for internal use. It removes the previous development stage model and introduces a more judgment-based approach. The guidance is effective for the Company for the first quarter beginning January 1, 2028, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements.